preventing infectious disease lesson 3-2. objectives tsw summarize direct and indirect ways common...
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Preventing Infectious DiseaseLESSON 3-2
Objectives
TSW summarize direct and indirect ways common infectious diseases can be transmitted.
TSW describe how common food-borne diseases are transmitted.
TSW explain the relationship between injection drug use and transmission of blood-borne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis.
TSW summarize ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
Health Terms
Airborne
Bacteria
Blood Borne
Direct Contact
Disease
Feces
Food Borne
Fungi
Germ
Hepatitis
HIV (human immunodiciency virus)
Host
Immune System
Immunization
Indirect Contact
Infectious Disease
Noninfectious Disease
Norovirus
Parasite
Pathogen
Protozoa
Sterilize
Vaccine
Virus
Intro
Write a few sentences about how being ill could affect a person’s quality of life. How does a temporary sickness or infection, such as a cold or the flue, affect quality of life? What about a more serious or longer-lasting illness?
How many of you have ever been sick with a cold, the flu or some other illness? How did you know you were ill? How did your body feel?
Teaching Steps
Survey What’s the meaning of disease? Where do you think
the meaning of this word comes from?
Explain Disease means “not at ease” Refers to any destructive process that can affect a
living organism Often used to describe an illness or infection that
disrupts the function of or causes harm to the body
Teaching Steps
Survey What are some illnesses or
diseases you’ve heard of?
Examples:
Ebola
Lou G Disease
Ringworms
HIV/AIDS
STDs
Malaria
Small Pox
Chicken Pox
Measles
Cold
Shingles
Flu
Bubonic Plague
Cancer
H1N1
Bird Flu
Swine Flu
Teaching Steps
Explain Experts try to identify how people get the
diseases Some catch them from other people, from
things in the environment and some of them are not
Teaching Steps
Explain Infectious Diseases – can be passed by contact with
pathogen (germs) or organisms that cause disease The infected person causes an infection that causes
the pathogens to multiply and damage body cells Pathogens are cause disease include bacteria,
viruses, protozoa, fungi or parasites
single celled organism; can be
killed with antibiotics*
Pathogen #1:Bacteria
antibiotics are used to slow or kill the
growth of bacteria. You must take all of
the prescribed medicine or it can
come back!
What are some of the
more common bacterial
infections?
Causes severe muscle
spasms
Tetanus
sore throat, fever, yellow
or white specks on the
throat
Easy to
relapse!
Sinus Infectionheadache
, thick mucous, feeling
pressure in your head
Bacterial Meningitis
Inflammation of the
membranes surrounding
the brain and spinal cord
Couldbe
FATAL!
Salmonellasaffects the digestive system, usually
spread bycontaminated
food
Tiny pathogens that survive and replicate
only inside living cells;
can’t be killed by medication
Pathogen #2: Virus
Any medication taken is to treat the symptoms;
viruses cannot be cured, they have to
run their course.
scratchy sore throat,
sneezing, runny nose
Common Cold
headache, sore muscles, sore throat, fever, vomiting, fatigue and coughing
FLU
pain and swelling of
glands in the throat, possible
rash
MUMPS
fatigue, runny nose, cough, slight fever, small white dots in the mouth,
rash covering the body
MEASLES
Hepatitis inflammation of the liver, jaundice,
fever, dark urine
organisms that absorb and use
the nutrients of
living or dead organisms *
Pathogen #3:
Fungus
Usually treated with anover-the-counter anti-fungal cream
single celled; larger than bacteria(Malaria: Spread by mosquito bites*)
Good hygiene is the best preventative measure;
other medications require prescription
Pathogen #4: Protozoa
Feed off of other living
things(Lice, ticks)*
Pathogen #5: Parasites
prevention best, (don’t share brushes, use medicated shampoo, wear protective clothing in
wooded areas, etc…
Teaching Steps
Direct Contact – the pathogen is transmitted by person-to-person contact
It can be transmitted by touching the infected person’s skin or when the infected blood, mucus or other body fluids get inside another person’s body
Indirect Contact – the infected person’s skin or body fluids don’t directly touch or enter the other person through human-to-human contact.
Examples – contaminating surfaces, coughs or sneezing without covering nose, pass on from infected animal, eating or drinking contaminated food or water, using infected needlesReview
• Which of the illnesses and diseases you named earlier are infectious?• Can you think of any other infectious diseases that weren’t named
earlier?
Teaching Steps
Review
Is this disease transmitted by direct or indirect contact?
What are the specific ways it can be transmitted? Is it passed through the air? Through food? Through contact with blood?
Cold or Flu
Can be either direct (touching/kissing) or indirect (breathing airborne particles, touching contaminated surfaces)
Food Poisoning
Transmitted through contaminated food or water
Can be either direct (if spoiled/undercooked) or indirect (unclean hands/dirty cooking utensils)
Teaching StepsHepatitis
A virus that infects and can damage the liver
Hepatitis A – transmitted indirectly when contaminated feces get into water or food, usually from not washing hands before cooking or water comes in contact with contaminated water
Hepatitis B or C – transmitted by blood, direct – by touching infected blood, indirectly – using contaminated needles
Hepatitis B – also can be transmitted directly by semen or vaginal fluids
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
A virus that causes AIDS
Directly – infected semen, vaginal fluids, blood (sharing needles), breastfeeding
It is safe to touch, hug, shake hands or share eating utensils with a someone with HIV
Teaching Steps
Create
When you know infectious disease are transmitted you can understand ways to prevent their spread.
Breaking the chain???
Think of ways of how to prevent becoming infected in the first place and then ways you could stop an infection from spreading to others
Ways to Prevent Infection:
Eliminate the source of the pathogen – throw away spoiled food
Handle and dispose of body fluids appropriately – properly clean up blood, vomit, feces
Safely handle and dispose of contaminated items – sterilize needles and other equipment
Keep food safe – cook foods correctly
Protect yourself – wash your hands frequently
Teaching Steps
Ways to stop the Spread of Infection: Don’t spread germs to others – don’t hug or kiss
other people who are sick Don’t spread germs to objects – wash hands
frequently when sick Don’t spread germs to food – wash your hands after
using the bathroom Keep your immune system strong – get enough rest
and sleep
Teaching Steps
Review These are some health habits related to preventing
infectious disease. How are you doing in this area? Could you improve any of these habits
Are there other actions you could add to help prevent infectious disease?
Complete and Share Logon to your MyBigCampus account – You have new
assignment (STOP THE SPREAD)
Assessment and Closure
Close What’s one behavior that you plan to do
today to reduce your risk of getting an infectious disease?
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