presented to: by: date: federal aviation administration business process management (bpm) what is...

Presented to:

By:

Date:

Federal AviationAdministrationBusiness Process

Management (BPM)

What is BPM?

Why should I care?

SOA Brown Bag #4

SWIM Team

February 9, 2011

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Agenda

• Introduction – why should I care?• Definitions• The benefits of BPM• Model-Driven Environment• BPMN and its challenges• DoD Primitives• Adoption Challenges• BPM and SOA• BPEL Orchestration• Key characteristics of BPM Suites• Tools• Getting Started

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Business and IT are tightly connected;they either succeed or fail together

• Business Process: The required steps to accomplish a specific

business function.

“Representation of what an organization does -- its work -- in order to accomplish a specific purpose or objective”

source: BPMN Modeling and Reference Guide

• Business processes that require automation are implemented and facilitated through IT.

• As business processes change, IT has to change.

IT implementation

Business Processes

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Processes drive a “true” SOA

• Myth:

If you’ve implemented web services, you’ve implemented SOA.

• Reality:

An organization will reap the full benefits of SOA if it starts with its business process.

The reward at the end of the journey

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BPM, BPMN & BPEL defined

BPMBusiness Process

Management

A management approach focused on aligning all aspects of an organization based on the wants and needs of clients.

BPMNBusiness Process Modeling Notation

A graphical representation for specifying business processes in a business process model.

BPELBusiness Process

Execution Language

A standard executable language for specifying actions within business processes with web services, created by the Organization for the Advancement of Structural Information Standards.

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Additional elements

BPEBusiness Process

Execution

Supports web-service languages for process definition and execution. Supports BPEL.

BRPBusiness Rules

Processing

Infers outcomes based on data and operation results from previous business process executions (Business Rules Engine).

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How does it all fit together?

BPM

BPMN

BPEL

Services Layer

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What is the benefit of BPM?

• To gain sight and control of the business process.

• To provide a service orchestration layer in SOA implementation.

• To enable business agility.

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What is a model-driven environment (MDE)?

• Model-Driven Environment (MDE):

Models created based on today’s problem and tomorrow’s solution environments.

• Models can be created with sufficient specificity to generate the necessary technical artifacts for execution, or can be executed directly in the appropriate run-time environment.– Business Process Automation engine (see next slide)

– Business rules engine

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How do we get to a model-driven environment?

• A BPMN model captures business processes transfers them to a Business Process Automation engine in a BPMN-executable serialization format.

• Depending on the tool, it may also be:– Transferred as an XML Process Definition Language

(XPDL) format.– Translated into the BPEL specification.– Captured in one of the business rules languages.

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Process and rule models in an MDE

Source: DoD Federation Strategy

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BPMN: different conformance subclasses for different uses

DescriptiveContains a limited vocabulary to facilitate model understanding by a broad group of stakeholders.

AnalyticalAdds more refined modeling elements, such as different event types and exceptions.

Common Executable

Focuses mainly on the attributes of BPMN elements that need to be maintained to support the execution of a BPMN process.

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BPMN 2.0 Conformance Class

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Challenges

• There are too many options to accomplish the same results or to diagram the same processes.

• Using tools interchangeably is nearly impossible.

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Project: DoD Primitives

• Using DoD Primitives is a way to establish standard format for diagrams and for data that represents the diagrams, and for data that moves within and between the reality that diagrams represent.

• The Object Management Group selects DoD primitives as a BPMN conformance class.

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Source: DoD briefing

Primitives Ontology (PrOnto) Primitives Modeling Guide (PriMo) Provides basic definitions of the

architecture model semantics. Provides elementary rules for the

connectivity of primitive constructs. Provides foundation building blocks for

constructing architecture products. Caveat: A common vocabulary by itself

does not guarantee high quality products.

A style guide provides subjective advice that will ensure the design of high quality products.

A style guide advises on:– Choice of words.

Which constructs are appropriate in a given situation.

– Choice of grammar:

How to combine constructs to maximum effect.

Dictionary

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Adoption challenges

• Thinking “Process” – True, executable BPM requires a new level of rigor and attention to business processes.

• Managing cultural impact – Documenting processes with tools (as opposed to pictures) will illustrate issues with current processes. A socialization strategy is key.

• Many popular BPM suites are ‘heavyweight’ and present a non-trivial learning curve.

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BPM and SOA

Process FlowsCoarse-Level Web Services

Best Case Scenario

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“SOA is a way of describing an environment in terms of shared mission and business functions

and the services that enable them.” *

*Source: DoD Net-Centric Data Strategy

A business-driven SOA, defined

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BPM and SOA

ESBESB

BPELBPEL

BAMBAM

InternetDMZTrusted Enclave

WS SecurityWS Security

UDDIUDDI

External Systems

External Systems

Internal

Systems

Internal

Systems

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BPEL orchestration

• A BPEL orchestration is considered a web service in the domain to which it belongs.– All BPEL processes provide a set of WSDL and schema definition

files within the namespace that identifies the domain.– The BPEL WSDL file will provide the binding information and the

endpoint of the location where it is deployed.– The orchestration is represented in a WS-BPEL standard

representation that should be portable across BPEL engines.– BPEL orchestration service should follow web service invocation

standards (WS-I).

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BPEL orchestration, continued All orchestrations have one entry point and one response point.

– The invocation/entry to the orchestration is marked with the receive block and delivers the message identified as the input parameter in the operation.

– Response block must return a message identified as the output parameter in the operation.

– A BPEL process may be synchronous e.g., a client needs to receive response immediately, or asynchronous e.g., a client will continue its operation and receive a response at a later time.

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BPEL orchestration elementsA BPEL orchestration consists of scopes, sequence, partner-links, variables, activities and fault handling.

Scope: Identifies the unit of operation within an orchestration. This helps to avoid variable collisions, fault handling and ensuring transaction integrity.

Sequence: Identifies a sequence of activities.

Partner Links: External services are represented as partner links and they specify the WSDL file of the external service.

Partner Links/Adapters: Some BPEL tools provide technology and application adapters that extend basic technologies i.e., databases, queues or applications i.e., CRM, ERP as web services through wizards.

Variables: Data stores that hold the operational data within the life of the orchestration. Variables can be localized to a scope or set in the global scope.

Activities: Transformations allow copying whole or sub trees of data across variables. Assignments allow specifying values for leaf nodes of an XML tree.

Fault handling: Scope errors can be managed using fault handling for a graceful exit as well as for ensuring transactional integrity. Errors with partner link invocations must be handled using fault handling.

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Key characteristics of BPM suites

• A graphical modeling capability

• Ability to simulate business process

• Ability to create rules to drive flow and decisions

• Ability to capture, present, and analyze process metrics

• Standards-based

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Getting started

• Prototype/Pilot – an area for improvements!– Choose a small, but business-significant process.– Engage the vendor for training, preferably focusing on the

pilot problem.– Identify business services required for process support.– “Prototype” the socialization process.– Engage stakeholders to assess feasibility of making

candidate process changes illustrated by the modeling process.

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For more information

White Papers• IBM Thought Leadership White Paper• Lombardi Downloads

Office of Information Technology – ATO BPMS Services

• Julie Flores-Kriegsfeld• Jonathan Beams

www.swim.gov• Jim.Robb@faa.gov• Paul.Jackson@faa.gov

• Dov.Levy@DovelTech.com

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Discussion