presentation on pumps
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Presentation on PumpsPresentation on Pumps
ByBy
G.MURALIKRISHNAG.MURALIKRISHNA
EE(E) BSNL ED-1EE(E) BSNL ED-1
An OverviewAn Overview
Types of PumpsTypes of Pumps Features of various PumpsFeatures of various Pumps Selection of pumpsSelection of pumps Performance CalculationPerformance Calculation Flow control strategiesFlow control strategies Energy saving measures in PumpsEnergy saving measures in Pumps
Types of PumpsTypes of Pumps
Dynamic PumpsDynamic Pumps• CentrifugalCentrifugal• Special effect pumpsSpecial effect pumps
Displacement PumpsDisplacement Pumps• RotaryRotary• ReciprocatingReciprocating
Order of PreferenceOrder of Preference
CentrifugalCentrifugal RotaryRotary ReciprocatingReciprocating
Pumps Used in Building Pumps Used in Building ServicesServices
Sump PumpsSump Pumps• MonoblocMonobloc
Bore well PumpsBore well Pumps• Submersible PumpsSubmersible Pumps• Jet PumpsJet Pumps
Centrifugal PumpsCentrifugal Pumps
Very simple designVery simple design Two main parts are the impeller and Two main parts are the impeller and
the diffuserthe diffuser ImpellersImpellers
• BronzeBronze• poly carbonatepoly carbonate• cast ironcast iron
stainless steelstainless steel
Pressure developed by the Pressure developed by the PumpPump
depends upondepends upon• Impeller dia Impeller dia • No.of impellersNo.of impellers• size of the impeller eyesize of the impeller eye• shaft speedshaft speed
Size of the pumpSize of the pump
Depends onDepends on• HeadHead• CapacityCapacity
Advantages of centrifugal Advantages of centrifugal PumpPump
Very efficientVery efficient Produce smooth and even flowProduce smooth and even flow Reliable with good service lifeReliable with good service life
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Loss of priming easilyLoss of priming easily Efficiency depends upon operating Efficiency depends upon operating
design head & speed.design head & speed.
Centrifugal pump closely coupled with Centrifugal pump closely coupled with motormotor
Does not require long drive shaftDoes not require long drive shaft Motor operates at a cooler temperature.Motor operates at a cooler temperature. Noiseless operation.Noiseless operation. High efficiencyHigh efficiency Smooth and even flowSmooth and even flow In case of repair full pump to be removed.In case of repair full pump to be removed.
Submersible PumpsSubmersible Pumps
Jet PumpsJet Pumps
Combination of a surface centrifugal Combination of a surface centrifugal pump, nozzle and venturi pump, nozzle and venturi arrangement.arrangement.
Used in small dia bore wells.Used in small dia bore wells. Simple designSimple design Low purchase and maintenance cost.Low purchase and maintenance cost. Easy accessibility to all moving parts.Easy accessibility to all moving parts. Low efficiency.Low efficiency.
DSM measures to reduce DSM measures to reduce consumption in pumpsconsumption in pumps
Demand side management Demand side management measuresmeasures
Use of friction less foot valve.Use of friction less foot valve. Use of HDPE pipesUse of HDPE pipes Use of appropriate capacitor.Use of appropriate capacitor. Use of higher size suction pipe Use of higher size suction pipe
compared to delivery pipe. compared to delivery pipe.
Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input ( P1)power ( P2) X 100/ Power input ( P1)
Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input to power ( P2) X 100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)pump shaft ( P3)
Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd - hs ) X p X g / 1000Head ( hd - hs ) X p X g / 1000
Q = discharge in m³/s Q = discharge in m³/s
Pump Performance Pump Performance calculationcalculation
p = density of fluid in kg/ m³p = density of fluid in kg/ m³ g = acceleration due to gravity g = acceleration due to gravity
( m/s²)( m/s²) P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pfP1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.
Key Parameter for Key Parameter for determining efficiencydetermining efficiency
FlowFlow HeadHead PowerPower
Flow Measurement Flow Measurement TechniquesTechniques
Tracer MethodTracer Method Ultrasonic flow measurementUltrasonic flow measurement Tank filling methodTank filling method Installation of online flow meterInstallation of online flow meter
Determination of total Determination of total headhead
Suction head Suction head • measured from pump inlet pressure measured from pump inlet pressure
gauge readinggauge reading Discharge head Discharge head
• This is taken from the pump This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr. gaugedischarge side Pr. gauge
Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for Drinking water)Drinking water)• Sl.No ITEMSl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Pump1 Pump2
• 11 Make Make Beacon Beacon BeaconBeacon
• 2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)• 3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm• 4 Head 25 m 25 m4 Head 25 m 25 m
Typical name plate details Typical name plate details of pumpof pump
• 55 Discharge 8 L/s 8 Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/sL/s
• 66 AmpsAmps 8 8 8 8
• 77 Overall Efficiency 47% Overall Efficiency 47% 47 % 47 %
Typical name plate Typical name plate details of pumpdetails of pump
PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION SHEETSHEET
SL.NO.SL.NO. ITEM Pump1ITEM Pump1 Pump2 UnitsPump2 Units 11 VoltageVoltage 406 407 volts 406 407 volts 22 CurrentCurrent 6.0 6.6 amps 6.0 6.6 amps
33 P.FP.F 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.82 44 Power input 3.5 3.48 KWPower input 3.5 3.48 KW
Typical performance Typical performance calculationscalculations
55 Dis. HeadDis. Head 22.2 22.2 22.2 m 22.2 m 66 Suc.HeadSuc.Head 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 mm 77 discharge 8discharge 8 8 8 L/s L/s 88 Hyd.Power 1.57Hyd.Power 1.57 1.57 KW 1.57 KW 99 Pump Effi. 44.85 Pump Effi. 44.85 45.10 45.10
Typical performanceTypical performancecalculationscalculations
1.1. Replace the existing discharge line Replace the existing discharge line with the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the with the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction losses.friction losses.
2.2. Provide water level switch to switch Provide water level switch to switch off the pump sets as soon as the Tank is off the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.filled.
3.3. Replace the existing pump sets Replace the existing pump sets with high efficiency pump sets.with high efficiency pump sets.
Typical observations/ Typical observations/ RecommendationsRecommendations
Size pump correctlySize pump correctly Operate close to the best Operate close to the best
efficiency point.efficiency point. Size all piping and valves correctlySize all piping and valves correctly Avoid all leakages.Avoid all leakages.
Factors to be considered Factors to be considered from user sidefrom user side
Flow control StrategiesFlow control Strategies
Varying speedVarying speed Pumps in parallelPumps in parallel stop/start controlstop/start control Flow control valveFlow control valve By pass control valveBy pass control valve Trimming impellerTrimming impeller Use of VFDSUse of VFDS
Energy conservation Energy conservation opportunities in pumpingopportunities in pumping
Operate pump near best efficiency Operate pump near best efficiency point.point.
Replace old pumps by energy efficient Replace old pumps by energy efficient pumpspumps
Reduce system resistance by pressure Reduce system resistance by pressure drop assessment and pipe size drop assessment and pipe size optimization.optimization.
Provide booster pump for few areas of Provide booster pump for few areas of higher head.higher head.
Energy conservation Energy conservation opportunities in pumpingopportunities in pumping
Conduct water balance to minimize water Conduct water balance to minimize water consumption. consumption.
Ensure availability of instruments like Ensure availability of instruments like pressure gauges, flow meters.pressure gauges, flow meters.
Repair seals and packing to minimize Repair seals and packing to minimize water loss.water loss.
Avoid valves in discharge side as far as Avoid valves in discharge side as far as possible.possible.
Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.
Thank YouThank You
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