powerpoint presentation...anu climate change institute rebecca.colvin@anu.edu.au @bec_colvin emily...

2/17/2017

1

New Voices in Energy Impacts Research:

GRADUATE RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

FEBRUARY 16, 2017

Fostering Cross-Disciplinary Research on Energy Development

Dylan Bugden, Ph.D. Candidate | Cornell University

Dr. Bec Colvin | Australian National University

Emily Grubert, Ph.D. Candidate | Stanford University

Shawn Olson-Hazboun, Ph.D. Candidate | Utah State University

Community Impacts of Energy Development Webinar Series

July 26-27, 2017

Columbus, Ohio USA

● Paper presentation & Poster

submissions open now

● Book chapter submission open now

● April 1: Symposium registration open

● Graduate & Early Career Scholar travel

and fellowship scholarships

www.energyimpacts.org/symposium

www.directory.energyimpacts.org

2/17/2017

2

Dr. Bec Colvin

Australian National University

Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

@bec_colvin

Community engagement for wind energy in King Island, Tasmania – using social psychology to understand social conflict

Dr Bec Colvin

Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au | @bec_colvin

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

2/17/2017

3

Wind energy in King Island

“People became so polarised... like if you were an undecided, you just about couldn't hang out with an anti or a pro, because you felt like you were constantly being hammered... and you

know, if you went to a BBQ or something, the room was divided... literally.”

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Wind energy in King Island

“So if you weren't with them you were against them, and that does not for debate make... it couldn't ever be a productive outcome if you

were always... you know, they were never going to give any ground. They were always going to

be against it, no matter what you said, they were always coming at, and they got very negative, and they got very aggressive.”

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Wind energy in King Island

“We were told that we were blow ins and we should just piss off, and those were the words that were used in the paper to us. And it was

almost word for word... 'these blow ins should just piss off'.”

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

2/17/2017

4

Wind energy in King Island

Colvin, RM, Witt, GB & Lacey, J 2016, 'How wind became a four-letter word: Lessons for community engagement from a wind energy conflict in King Island, Australia', Energy Policy, vol. 98, pp. 483-494.

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Wind energy in King Island

Colvin, RM, Witt, GB & Lacey, J 2016, 'How wind became a four-letter word: Lessons for community engagement from a wind energy conflict in King Island, Australia', Energy Policy, vol. 98, pp. 483-494.

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Wind energy in King Island

• Pre-feasibility engagement

• Consultative committee

• Community vote

• Place for opposition

• Local context

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Turbines at Huxley Hill, King Island. Photo: B. Colvin

2/17/2017

5

Wind energy in King Island

This presentation is based on the following work:

Colvin, RM, Witt, GB & Lacey, J 2016, 'How wind became a four-letter word: Lessons for community engagement from a wind energy conflict in King Island, Australia', Energy Policy, vol. 98, pp. 483-494.

Link to the open access article:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421516304888

@bec_colvin | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Thank you

Turbines at Huxley Hill, King Island. Photo: B. Colvin

Dr Bec Colvin

ANU Climate Change Institute

Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

@bec_colvin

Emily Grubert,

Ph.D. Candidate

gruberte@stanford.edu

Environment and Resources

Stanford University

2/17/2017

6

What is Important to You?Community-based Multicriteria Prioritization in Life Cycle Assessment

Emily Grubert

Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources,

Stanford University

16 February 2017

Communities are affected by their energy development

Sources: WSJ, International

Business Times

Energy communities are diverse in setting, needs, and cultures

All photos: Emily

Grubert

2/17/2017

7

Outcomes are evaluated with tools like Life Cycle Assessment: but how are tradeoffs made?

Multicriteria decision making is a major challenge in sustainability assessment

• Two major steps are needed to compare fundamentally noncomparable things like water pollution versus job creation

• Both represent value judgments

• Prioritization

• Arguably the single most sensitive parameter in LCA

• Normalization

• Can be done based on financial basis, policy basis, carrying capacity basis, and many others

• Both prioritization and normalization are even more challenging when both environmental and social (including economic) factors are considered

My focus is on prioritization, particularly on transparency and whose priorities are used

2/17/2017

8

Rigorous social science methods are needed to support LCA as an engineering tool

My work generates empirical prioritization archetypes for sensitivity analysis in LCA

Qualitative interview research enriches understanding of survey-based archetypes

Bakken Shale, ND

Eagle Ford Shale, TX

All photos: Emily

Grubert

2/17/2017

9

Shawn Olson-Hazboun,

Ph.D. Candidate

shawn.k.olson@usu.edu

@OlsonHazboun

Sociology

Utah State University

Public Responses to Renewable Energy:

The Nexus of Climate, Politics, and

Economy

Shawn Olson-HazbounPhD Candidate, Sociology

Utah State UniversitySociology

2/17/2017

10

“What types of politics can make the

numerous energy and climate policies

we discuss achievable?”

Ben Sovacool, 2014. “What are we doing here? Analyzing 15 years of energy

scholarship and proposing a social science research agenda.” Energy Res. Soc.

Sci. 1: 1-29.

Research Areas

1. Renewable energy & environmental beliefs

– Carbon framing of renewables

2. Political & ideological stances

3. Renewable energy & extractive communities

2/17/2017

11

Saliency of carbon framing for

renewable energy

• Two in three Americans believe

climate change is occurring

• Half of Americans think this is

due to human activities

• Extreme political polarization

on climate change(Yale Project on Climate Change

Comm.)

How linked are public responses to

renewable energy to environmental concern?

• Survey of 5 communities

experiencing wind energy

development

• Findings:

Environmental beliefs and

climate change beliefs

completely attenuated by

local-level factors

Qualitative Research

• Interviews with 68 community representatives in 3 rural energy production communities in Utah– Wind and solar

– Coal

– Oil & natural gas

Findings• Notable lack of environmental concern overall

• Renewables seen through economic & energy security lens

• Pervasive climate skepticism across communities

• Negativity toward renewable energy linked to annoyance about climate ‘alarmism’ & anger toward liberal government interference in free market

2/17/2017

12

Political Ideology

Do the following contribute to political

polarization over renewable energy?

• Political division on climate change (Jacques and

Knox 2016)

• Policy tools for renewables seen as

manipulation of free market (Chassot et al. 2014; Klick and

Smith 2010)

• Anger over government investments

(Solyndra, etc.) (Carlisle et al. 2015)

Political Ideology – Findings

5-Community Survey

• Political ideology not a predictor of local views about renewable energy

• Opposition to environmental governance does show up

Qualitative Research

• Free-market ideology normalized in all 3 study sites

• Neoliberal views used as justification for why renewables “don’t work”

• Renewable energy viewed as ‘liberal project’

• More accepted/less political in renewable energy community

“I think it should be left to private business, that's going to be a

caveat that you catch me on, because I would like to see more

renewable energy to be located [here] but I think that they should

stand on their own two feet. If it's not feasible then our

government should stay out of it and go back to the

hydrocarbons.”

- Peter, County Commissioner in renewable energy community

2/17/2017

13

Renewables & extractive communities

• How is renewable energy technologies

& policies perceived?

• Geographic overlap

• Are traditional energy

communities more or

less friendly toward

renewable energy?

Nationally representative opinion dataset: “Climate

Change in the American Mind” (2008-2015)

Counties with oil or gas production

2/17/2017

14

Renewables & extractive communities

Results: National quantitative model– Residence in mining-dependent county or oil- or natural gas-producing

county as important as sociodemographics

Results: Qualitative community research– Role of economic dependence (e.g. Boudet et al. 2016; Freudenburg 1992)

– Feeling that structural vulnerabilities are exasperated by push toward renewable energy

– Role of culture & identity (e.g. Bell and York 2010; Dampier et al. 2014; Evans and

Phelan 2016; Ceresola and Crowe 2015)

Future research: ‘Just transitions’– How can proponents of the clean energy transition better incorporate fossil

fuels communities being left behind?

– "the costs of environmental change will be shared fairly” (Canadian Labour Congress 2000: 3)

References

• Bell, S., and York, R., 2010. Community economic identity: the coal industry and ideology construction in West Virginia. Rural Sociology, 75 (1), 111–143.

• Boudet, Hilary, Dylan Bugden, Chad Zanocco, and Edward Maibach. 2016. "The effect of industry activities on public support for ‘fracking’." Environmental Politics 25(4): 593-612.

• Canadian Labour Congress. 2000. “Just Transition for Workers During Environmental Change.” CLC, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

• Carlisle, J. E., Kane, S. L., Solan, D., Bowman, M., & Joe, J. C. 2015. “Public attitudes regarding large-scale solar energy development in the US.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 48: 835-847.

• Ceresola, R.. and Crowe, J., 2015. Community leaders perspectives on shale development in the New Albany shale. Rural Social Sciences 30 (1), 62-86.

• Chassot, S., Hampl, N. and Wüstenhagen, R., 2014. When energy policy meets free-market capitalists: the moderating influence of worldviews on risk perception and renewable energy investment decisions. Energy Research & Social Science, 3, 143-151.

• Dampier, J.E.E., R. H. Lemelin, C. Shahi, and N. Luckai. 2014. "Small Town Identity and History's Contribution to a Response in Policy Change: A Case Study of Transition from Coal to Biomass Energy Conversion." Energy, Sustainability and Society 4: 26.

• Evans, G. and L. Phelan. 2016. “Transitions to a post-carbon society: Linking Environmental Justice and Just Transition Discourses.” Energy Policy 99: 329-339.

• Freudenburg, W.R. 1992. “Addictive economies: Extractive industries and vulnerable economies in a changing world order” Rural Sociology 57: 305-332.

• Klick, H. and E.R. Smith. 2010. “Public understanding of and support for wind power in the United States.” Renewable Energy 35(7): 1585-1591.

• P.J. Jacques and CC. Knox. 2016. "Hurricanes and hegemony: A qualitative analysis of micro-level climate change denial discourses." Environmental Politics 25(5): 831-852.

2/17/2017

15

Thanks!

Shawn K. Olson-Hazboun

Utah State University

shawn.k.olson@usu.edu

Dylan Bugden,

Ph.D. Candidate

deb325@cornell.edu

Department of Natural Resources

Cornell University

2/17/2017

16

2/17/2017

17

2/17/2017

18

2/17/2017

19

Age Household

size

Education Employment Household

income

Mean = 51.24 Mean = 2.02 49.6% college

educated

46.1%

employed

52% retired

48.8% living

on less than

$60,000

Chesapeake Appalachia 44.4%

Cabot Oil and Gas 17.5%

Fortuna Energy 9.4%

Alta Resources 4.6%

Chief Exploration 2.7%

Everybody else <1.5%

2/17/2017

20

Frequency

Valid

Percent

Addendum not present 53 14.8

Addendum present 304 85.2

N Valid Percent

Did not

attend 569 67.6

Did attend 273 32.4

Total 842 100

Missing 31

N Valid Percent

Did not use 434 52.7

Not useful 73 8.9

Somewhat useful 150 18.2

Very useful 166 20.2

Total 823 100

Missing 50

2/17/2017

21

2/17/2017

22

2/17/2017

23

Frequency Percent Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

I LOST $ 10 1.1 1.2 1.2

$0-9999 243 27.8 29.9 31.2

$10000-49999 190 21.8 23.4 54.6

$50000-100000 114 13.1 14 68.6

$100000-250000 152 17.4 18.7 87.3

$250000+ 103 11.8 12.7 100

Did not respond 61 7

873 100

Worse off Same Better off

Family Quality of Life 4.4% 61.8% 33.8%

Relationship with

Community

2.2% 88.4% 9.4%

Relationship with

Extended Family

4.1% 88.2% 7.8%

2/17/2017

24

Worse off Same Better off

Land 9.1% 79.7% 11.2%

Surface

Water

4.1% 94.2% 1.7%

Drinking

Water

6.3% 92.3% 1.4%

Very

dissatisfied

Slightly

dissatisfied

Neither

satisfied nor

dissatisfied

Slightly

satisfied

Very satisfied

8.7% 7.6% 19.4% 20.0% 44.2%

Much better Slightly better About what I

expected

Slightly worse Much worse

31.1% 25% 30.1% 7.2% 6.7%

Unst.d Coefficients Std. Coefficients Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

Procedural fairness 0.535 0.061 0.535 0

self_efficacy 0.147 0.057 0.161 0.011

Earnings 0.187 0.056 0.249 0.001

Knowledge -0.065 0.055 -0.072 0.243

Chesapeake Lessor -0.038 0.157 -0.016 0.811

Education -0.012 0.056 -0.013 0.827

Extraction 0.115 0.167 0.045 0.49

Pre-lease income 0.001 0.04 0.002 0.979

Addenda 0.201 0.209 0.059 0.337

Royalty -0.015 0.023 -0.041 0.526

Parcel Size -0.001 0.001 -0.068 0.326

Wells/ sq mile 0 0 -0.036 0.533

Violation rate 0.001 0 0.172 0.008

2/17/2017

25

2/17/2017

26

Thank You!

Questions or Comments?

Fostering Cross-Disciplinary Research on Energy Development

Dylan Bugden, Ph.D. Candidate | Cornell University | deb325@cornell.edu

Dr. Bec Colvin | Australian National University | Rebecca.Colvin@anu.edu.au

Emily Grubert, Ph.D. Candidate | Stanford University | gruberte@stanford.edu

Shawn Olson-Hazboun, Ph.D. Candidate | Utah State University | shawn.k.olson@usu.edu

Community Impacts of Energy Development Webinar Series