postwar domestic policies and truman
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POSTWAR DOMESTIC POLICIES AND TRUMAN
Kinsey Thomas
GI BILL OF RIGHTSServiceman’s Readjustment Act
Passed in 1944 by CongressUnder part of the law, the federal
government paid a significant portion of tuition and other higher education fees for veterans.
The percentage of college-aged Americans who attended college almost doubled.
Colleges developed into larger institutions○ Updated campuses○ Higher education for everyone, not just
middle and higher classes
EMPLOYMENT ACT OF 1946 Citizens have a “right” to a job. With the influx of soldiers
returning from WWII, the government issued the Employment Act of 1946.Enacted because of what
happened after the First World War—The Great Depression
Aided the transition from wartime goods to other products
There were numerous revisions○ Originally called the Full
Employment Bill of 1945
EMPLOYMENT ACT OF 1946 Created the Council of
Economic Advisors (CEA)Three member boardAdvises the president on
economic policyEstablished the Joint Economic
Committee○ Composed of Congress members
of both political parties○ Charged with reviewing the
president’s report and making recommendations to the Senate and House on economic policy.
EMPLOYMENT ACT OF 1946
Long-Term Effects:Annual inflation rates typically ranged
from 1-5%Strengthened labor market1970’s America: large inflation
○ Resolution 133○ 1977: Congress amended the Federal
Reserve Act○ 1978: Congress passed the Humphrey-
Hawkins Act which amended the Employment Act of 1946
TAFT-HARTLEY ACTThe Labor-Management
Relations Act Enacted June 23, 1947 The law prohibited a
variety of strikes, boycotts, and picketing.
Union shops were restricted and states were allowed to pass “right-to-work” laws that outlawed closed union shops.
PRIMARY SOURCEO
Political cartoon released after 1947 as backlash to the recently enacted Taft-Hartley Act
PThe purpose of the political cartoon was to raise awareness about the “real” effect of the act
VThis political cartoon shows the power of the press over the government and how the public could be manipulated into believing what they read in the paper.
LThis political cartoon does not show the actual effect the act had on the public or any actually data on how the act helped or hurt the unions in question.
“Now-Now little man, I’m only taking these for your own good.”
HARRY S. TRUMAN FDR died soon after the start of his
fourth term, and his vice president, Harry S. Truman was sworn in.
Accomplishments: Ended WWII by dropping the atomic
bombs on Japan Truman Doctrine
○ Economic aid to Turkey and Greece Helping the US transition into a
peace-time economy Blocking Stalin’s attempts to occupy
and conquer Europe○ Berlin airlift
Creating the state of Israel for Holocaust survivors
THOMAS E. DEWEY Young and well-liked Challenged FDR for the party’s
popular vote in 1944 Former governor of New York
Cut taxes, doubled state aid to education, increased salaries for state employees, reduced the sate’s debt by more than $100 million
Laid down the first state law in the country which prohibited racial discrimination in employment
Previously an isolationist, at the time of the election he had been identified as a internationalist.
THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNEThe Chicago Daily Tribune, like
the rest of the country, believed that Dewey would be the overwhelming winner of the 1948 Presidential Election. The printed a few hundred copies of their newspaper with the headline, “Dewey Defeats Truman” before the release of the election results. The mistake was comical to the new president elect: Harry Truman.
ELECTION OF 1948Despite what everyone predicted, Truman
won and was reelected to presidency.Dewey is sometimes seen as being too aggressiveDewey was not as conservative as the Republican Congress
Truman linked him to the “Do Nothing” CongressDewey never ran for presidency again, but he did help Eisenhower win the Republican Party’s presidential nomination
BIBLIOGRAPHY Biography of Thomas Dewey. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.deweydefeatstruman.com/Deweybio.htm Dewey Defeats Truman. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://history1900s.about.com/cs/trumanharry/a/deweytruman_2.htm
Employment Act of 1946 - A detailed essay on an important event in the history of the Federal Reserve. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.federalreservehistory.org/Events/DetailView/15
Projects: Cold War Guide: The GI Bill and the U of I (1947). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://archives.library.illinois.edu/slc/researchguides/coldwar/studentlife/gibill.php
Taft–Hartley Act. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Taft%E2%80%93Hartley_Act.html
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