population of n. europe beginning to recover cities growing urban merchants become wealthy &...
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THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
Population of N. Europe beginning to recover
Cities growing
Urban merchants become wealthy & sponsor artists
AFTER THE BLACK DEATH
Everyone used to be VERY religious, but too many were suffering and dying! Started to pull away from the church
Looking to SECULAR (worldly) ideals of the here and now vs. life after death
Begin studying HUMANISM: study of human potential & achievement
RENAISSANCE BEGINNING
Explosion of creativity in Europe Renaissance or “rebirth” of art & learning
Began in Italy & spread north to Europe because:Thriving citiesWealthy merchantsGreek & Roman heritageTrade started by Crusades
1300-1600
Wealthiest/powerful class & dominated politics
Wealth based on success of their business
Felt they deserved power based on achievements
Florence, Italy ruled by MEDICI family (trade/banking merchants) for 30 years
Lorenzo the Magnificent: major PATRON (supporter) of the arts
MERCHANTS
Renaissance is bringing back classical art & literature from Greek & Roman times
In Italy, now painting/sculpting SECULAR arts, NOT RELIGIOUS arts more realistic people in classical settings
NEW ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES
3 DimensionalDistant objects are smaller
PERSPECTIVE
SHADINGHelps objects to look more realistic; 3-D look
VS
Study of human anatomy to paint and sculpt better
More natural postures and expressions
SCULPTURES
DONATELLO: sculptor and painter; Revealed personality in his artOne of the first to do a nude statueFirst bronze statue of St. Louis of
Toulouse
NINJA TURTLES:DONATELLO
LEONARDO DA VINCI: painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist a true “Renaissance Man”Mona LisaThe Last Supper
NINJA TURTLES:LEONARDO
MICHELANGELO: sculptor and painterSistine ChapelStatue of David
NINJA TURTLES: MICHELANGELO
RAPHAEL studied from Michelangelo and Leonardo; painterMadonna and ChildSchool of Athens
NINJA TURTLES:RAPHAEL
ERASMUS:The Praise of Folly – said to improve society, all should study Bible
MORE:Utopia – imaginary land inhabited by peaceful people; no use for money
RENAISSANCE WRITERS
WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREGreatest playwright of all time: sonnets,
plays, essaysRomeo and JulietHamletOthelloMacbethMidsummer Night’s DreamJulius CaesarKing Lear
RENAISSANCE WRITERS, PART II
JOHANN GUTENBERG: reinvents moveable type & comes up with printing pressGutenberg Bible: first full size book
printedCame in English, French, and German
VERNACULAR (own language) increasedCan produce hundreds of copiesEncouraged people to learn to read!RISE IN LITERACY & IDEAS SPREAD
FASTER
PRINTING SPREADS RENAISSANCE IDEAS
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