plate 1 - shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/30411/13/13_chapter 8.pdf · plate 3...

PLATE 1

1. Chromatium sp.

2. Thiothece sp.

3. a-f. Beggiatoa sp.

4. a-c. Thiospirillum sp.

5. a-b. Sphaerotilus natans

6. Leptothrix sp.

7. Zoogloea ramigera

8. a-b. Thiothrix sp.

9. a-o. Unidentified bacteria of different shapes

130

0

oo 0 oo oo oO 0 oo o

&s-% 0 o 00 9 o 0 0 ' oo

0 0 ,3c

'3d

Sa

PLATE l

PLATE 2

1. a-b. Glenospora sp.

a. Spores

b. Mycelium with sporangia

2. Unidentified fungal sp.

3. a-c. Unidentified fungal sp.

4. a-b. Unidentified fungal sp.

5. a-c. Unidentified fungal sp.

6. a-c. Unidentified fungal sp.

7. a-e Unidentified fungal sp.

8. Unidentified fungal sp.

9. a-c. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoidea. 10. Alternaria zinnae

1 I. Alternaria sonchi

12. a-j. Monilia sp.

13. Unidentified fungal sp.

14. a. Bactridium sp.

b. Unidentified fungal spores

c. Alternaria triticina

15. Fungal (Moniliales) conidiophore

13

132

13

PLATE2

PLATE 3

I. Stemphyliomma terricola

2. Unidentified fungal spore

3. Cercosporidium sp.

4. Alternaria triticina

5. A. pluriseptata

6. Curvularia ovoidea 7. Endophragmia sp.

8. Cercospora sp.

9. Fusarium sp.

10. a-b. Alternaria chlamydospora

11. a-c. Alternaria saperva

12. Dendriphiopsis state of Amphisphaeria incrustans

13.a-b. Unidentified fungal spores

14. Unidentified fungal spore

15. Dreshlera sp.

16. Fuasariella sp.

17. Alternaria phragmospora

18. a-b. Septotrichum sp.

19. Chroococcum turgidus

20. Synechocystis pevaleki

21. Synechococcus aeruginosus

22. Dactylococcopsis raphidioides

23. a-b. Merismopedia glauca

24. M tenuissima

25 a-b. Merismopedia sp.

26 a-b. Synechocystis aquatilis

27. a-e. Spirulina major

28. a-b. Oscillatoria brevis 29. 0. acuta

30 a-e. 0. agardhii

31. 0. angusta

133

27b

27~

lib

3

8 11a ·,r;-. . .

~

I t;Jgos2b 00 Ooo o8g©

20

15

~ ,.·:-i

' . .

'

t:1 27c

21 hi~_____,, 18~ ~ ~~ \ \Jfj ~ 18a

2•; 23b I 25a

......... "" .........

I •·' Cj, ;:~

~ ·! ,:. ·-:· ':

~I u L' "" ~· 2~\1 29 30a

PLATE3

134

13a

13b

18b

30e 31

1. a-c. Oscillatoria chlorina

2. a-c. 0. curviceps

3. a-b. D. formosa

4. 0. jasorvensis

5. a-b. 0. limosa

6. a-b. 0. limnetica

7. 0. ornata

8. 0. mougeotii

9. a-b. Phormidium tenue

10. a-b. Oscillatoria princeps

11. a-d. 0. proteus

12. 0. sancta

13. 0. simplissima

14. a-b. 0. subbrevis

15. a-b. 0. raoi

16. a- c. 0. terebriformis

17. a-c. Phormidium ambiguum

18. a-c. P. anomala

19. a-c. P. corium

20. a-c. P. fragile

21. P. molle

PLATE 4

136

5a

7

~r.-M'

#IIJ~

.,...,, .. :1

··~

~~-

~~w~

iloi-t~-

~r)',.

~·:~\·,·

' F~TY'hi

"~ "

J9a 191>

\ !Yo

-

II 13 l7b 14b l Ba lllb 20a 20b ZOe 21

PLATE4

1. a-c. Phormidium retzii

2. P. rubroterricola

3. a-d. P. tenue

4. a-b. P. stagnina

PLATE 5

5. a-f. Lyngbya aeruginocaerulea

6. a-b. L. allorrgeii

7. l. birgii

8. L. hieronymusii

9. a-d. L. lagerheimii

137

L

1. Lyngbya magnifica

2. a-b. L. majuscula

3. L. martensiana

4.a-b.L. ochracea

PLATE 6

5. a-c. Microcoleus chthonoplastes

6. a-c. Nos toe punctiforme

7. Anabaena sp.

8. Raphidiopsis curvata

9. a-u. Chlamydomonas sp.

139

2a

~~~~>I L':'' ,. ~

' . . . . -.. . . . . . . .:.;

I '\: ··-....:_ / ·.·~

.-::::: ... , ... :---.. : : .: ·. I . . . . . .

.. .. . . ·.- · .. '

. , . . . . . . I

f)< '.. •

1~1 2b

PLATE6

140

~ ~ ----------------

141

PLATE 7

1. a-k. Polytoma uvella

2. Pandorina cylindricum

3. Pyrobotrys casinoensis

4. a-b. Sphaenochloris printzii

5. a-b. Sphaerocystis sp.

PLATE 7

142

~\ sa \!!it!!)

m\ 5b'W

1. a-p. Chlorococcum humicolo

2. a-c. Trochiscia sp.

3. a-e. Chlorella vulgaris

4. a-c. Planktosphaeria sp.

5. Chlorosarcina sp.

6. a-l. Oocystis sp.

7. Chlorellidiopsis separabilis

8. Unknown sp.

143

PLATE 8

144

PLATE8

I. a-v. Oocystis pus ilia

2. a-1. 0. borgeii

3. a-t. 0. elliptica

4. Scenedesmus dimorphus

5. Nephrocytium sp.

6. Ankistrodesmus convulata 7. a-c. A.falcatus

8. a-b. Scenedesmus quadricauda

9. a-b. S. bijugatus

10. Scenedesmus sp.

II. a-c. Closteriopsis sp.

12. Closterium acutum

145

PLATE 9

146

PLATE9

I. a-b. Ulothrix bipyrenoidosa

2. U subtilissima

3. a-b. U. tenerrima

4. U variabilis

5. Hormidiumflaxidum

6. a-e. H. rivulare

7. a-c. H. subtile

8. a-c.Cylindrocapsa sp. 9. a-b. Closterium sp.

147

PLATE 10

148

0 tJ 0 8 63 0

'

0 D . 8o

0 0 86 5

8a (

~b

6c

7b

PLATE Ill

PLATE 11

1. a-c. Cylindrocapsa sp. 2. a-c.Gloeotilopsis planktonica

3. Stycococcus chodati

4. Microspora sp.

5. Sphaeroplea sp.

6. a-g. Gongrosira sp. 7. Staurastrum orbicularis

8. Cosmarium. obtusatum

9. C. contractum

10. S. cuspidatum

11. a-b. Stigeoclonium sp.

Ga

6c 7 g

PLATE 1l

150

0 0 00

Oo 0 0 0

Q

1 1"

10

151

PLATE 12

1. Cyclotella stelligera

2. a-b. C. striata

3. a-b. Melosira granulata

4. a-b. Fragilaria sp.

5. F. brevistriata

6. F. capucina

7. a-c. F. intermedia

8. a-b. F. intermedia var. robusta

9. a-d. F. intermedia forma. chandrapurensis

10. F. rumpens var fragilarioides

11. F. pinnata

12. F. pinnata forma subrotunda

13. a-b. Synedra acus var. acuta

14. a-f S. ulna

15. a-c. Cocconeis placentula

16. a-c. C. placentula

900 -2a 2b

'fTTT'l'''' ,,,,,,,,,,, •••••.•.••••••• ,,~

~J_LI,_!/!IPI{I!PI!!I!t!J!!(II!!P!!I/J.J.-1-l-"

'lb ~mmrrnmrmmnn~ ~Jlllllllllllllllllllllli

9a

152

V+~:\.t?~~ll\::;~j-%·;F:}~;Yi'\It::~.:<Uf:1 -- 3b

c:::::=:> <: .. ::::: ... :::::: ... : ·::::::.:::::·:>

c:::::::::::::::~::::::::::~ :·~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::> G 8b

cnmnnm \1\1111\1111 Ill llllllllllli! 111111111111111111111111111111111111 ... 11111111111 """""JJlJJUWJlllill'llllllllllllllllllllU UlllWllliUmiUWUUlL...llWllllll

7a

~==·::=::::=::::=:.·:.""·:: ·=::: . ..,.,.,:::~: ... II <"" .. : ::: .. :::: .. ' : .. .-::: ..... . :>

~:::::::::::::::::11111:::::::::::::::::~ ~:::: ::::::::~::~~;~

<:::::::::::::::::::::::nm:::~~:::> " <? Yd

c::::::::~:;;;~::•~Tllli!Hn:rmm!m•rnrl11mii!II!IIllilll!lllmflllll!111!11111/lifl111!1111Jllllllllfr-nmT lUU:.LiJ,UJI!IIUIJ!J,IIIIIIJJtilUHllllHtiJUil!.lLl.ciliUJII!I\l\ilU!:ll.llilllUllliUJJlliJIIJJ!Ill[__ljJ!ti

Ua -

1.1b

<:~:=,~~::~~~:~~~~~:=~~==~ l4a ISb

~ ~14c~~~~==~~-14d~(][) c::~m:m:::::::::::::::::::::mmmnm :=::::=> l6b

<::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 14b

15c

€3 c----------- 14c

14f

16c

PLATE 12

l. a-h. Achnanthus exigua

2. a-c. A. lanceolata

3. A. lanceolata var. rostrata

4. a-b. A. minutissima

PLATE 13

S. A. minutissima var. cryptocephala

6. A. microcephala

7. Calones beccariana

8. Pleurosigma sp.

9. Gyrosigma acuminatum

10. Neidium sp.

11. N. obliquestriatum

12. N. longiceps var. undulatus

13. a-b. Diploneis subovalis

14. a-d. Anomoneis sphaerophora

15. a-b. Navicula sp.

16. N. bacillum var. minor

17. N. cryptocephala

18. N. gregaria

19. N. iniqua

20. N. insigma

21. N. cuspidata var. ambigua

22. N. cuspidata var. ambigua f. diminuta

23. N. confervacea

24. N. grimmii

25. N. confervacea f. nipponica

26. N. pupula

153

~ lo~c:z:;:::> ~ ~~ .. ~ ~

le

21

-

22

PLATE 13

154

-

14l>

26

PLATE 14

1. Navicula pygmea

2. N. rhyncocephala var. genuina

3. N. simi/is

4. N. subtilissima

5. N. tuscula

6. a-b. N. tuscula var. meyeri

7. a-b. N. vannoeffiformis

8.a-f. Pinnularia sp.

9. a-b. P. interrupta

10 P. biceps

11. P. interrupta forma subcapitata

12. Amphora ovalis

13. a-d. A. veneta

14. Amphora sp.

15. A. coeffiniformis var. africanum

16. Cymbella microcephala

17. Cymbella sp.

18. C. tumida

19. a-b. Gomphonema abbreviatum

20. a-c. Hantzschia amphioxys

21. a-n. Nitzschia amphibia.

c:::::>2lj

C" l2tk

20o

CCll1!1!iiGfl ::;;g;/;f:ii!~i:/:fi~H~ 21m

--

156

2lg 2ln

PLATE 14

I. a-e. Nitzschia amphioxoides

2. a-c. N. hungarica

3. N. microcephala

PLATE 15

4. N. microcephala var. granowii

5. a-c. N. obtusa

6. a-h. N. palea

7. N. punctata

8. N. thermalis

9. a-e. Nitzschia sp.

10. N. filiform is

I I. a-e. Nitzschia sp.

I2. Suriella robusta

157

158

~ ~

lc

I b C..........___--;:2:;:-b --

C'::i? ~ ~

~ ······ - ~·~~·"' lc ~ .......... . (_-·-·-;;-·-···~·-- .•. I cC>

5c

9d

PLATE 15

I ..... · 6b 6a

6d

c::::::=:::;::> I 1 a

12

~ ~.u.~JJ:'

<==> II d

1. Rhynchomonas intestinalis

2. R. nasuta

3. a-c Ancyromonas contorta

4. a-b. Thylacomonas compressa

5. a-c. Oicomonas socialis

6. a-b. 0. terma

7. a-g. Chrysamoeba radians

8. a-b. Pyramidochrysis modesta

9. a-f .Sphaleromantis ochracea

10. a-b. Monas sp.

11. Monas guttula

12. a-c M socialis

13. Stomatochone sp. 14. Anthophysa vegetans

15. a-b. Coccomonas orbicularis

16. Copromonas subtilis

PLATE 16

160

" ~

._.:-:.:

" ., I -'-- , - ,, -------, _.:: ~0 9d ( );). ',,, ...... '

lOa

9e

0 I ' lOb 12a 12b l2c l5a l5b 16

PLATE 16

PLATE 17

1. a-b. Euglena acus

2. a-d. E. caudata

3. E. caudata var. minor

4. a-c. E. elastica

5. a-c. E. gracilis

6. a-d. E. granulata

7. a-e. E. haematodus

8. E. ignobilis

• . ~

'

& 0 Q I ~

162

PLATE 17

1. a-c Euglena ignobilis

2. a-d. E. limnophila

3. E. oblonga

4. a-c. E. pisciformis

5. a-h. E. proxima

6. a-b. E. spirogyra

7. E. tentans

8. Lepocinclis (Euglena) texta

9. a-f. Euglena tripteris

10 a-g. Euglena sp.

163

PLATE 18

164

PLATE 18

1. Euglena tuba

2. E. tuberculata

3. a-e. E. vaginicola

4. a-g. Euglena sp.

5. a-i. Euglena sp.

6. a-j. Heteronema sp.

7. P. trichophorum

8. a-c Euglena sp.

9. a-c. Astasia klebsii

10. a-b. Notosolenus sp.

11. Euglenoid sp.

12. a-b. Rhabdomonas incurva

13. a-b. Petalomonas sp.

14. a-b. Unknown eug1enoid

165

PLATE 19

166

0

8b

0

lOa 7 II 12n 12b 9c

PLATE 19

1. Phacus brachykentron

2. P caudata

3. a-c. P. curvicauda

4. a-c.P acuminata

5. P. cylendraceus

6. P. ephippion

7. P longicauda

8. P orbicularis

9. a-d. P. oscillans

10. a-b. P. pleuronectus

11. P.pyrum

12. P ranula

13. P ranulavar. africana

14. P undulatus

15. Phacus sp. (colourless)

PLATE 20

16. Strombomonas verrucosa var. genuinum

17. a-b. Trachelomonas volvocina

18. T. tuberculata

19. T. intermedia

20. Trachelomonas sp.

21 a-d. Lepocinclis salina

22. a-b. L. ovum

23. L. fusiform is

24. Lepocinclis sp.

25. Unidentified sp.

168

PLATE20

1. a-e. Mastigamoeba longifilis

2. a-b. Rhizomastix sp.

3. a-d. Spirostomum agusta

4. a-d. Dinimonas vorax

5. Bodo caudatus

6. a-c. Pleuromonas sp.

7. a-b. Parabodo nitreophilous

8. a-e. Cercomonas parva

9. a-b. Trimastigamoeba sp.

10. a-b. Cercomonas crassicauda

11. Dallingeria sp.

12. Macromastix sp.

13. a-b. Enteromonas hominis

14. a-b. Chilomastix mesnili

PLATE 21

15. a-c. Retortomonas intestinalis

16. a-b. Scytomonas pusilla

17. a-c. Trichomonad sp.

169

0 4a

4b

4c 0

15a I Oa

•

I~~

I 0

PLATE 21

170

·0 \ ..

(!>~0 . 0 • 0.

~ 0 :-· .0

JJ

I. Collodictyon triticum 2 a-b. Trigonomonas compressa 3. a-c. Chlamydomixa sp. 4. a-e. Naegleria gruberi 5. Amoeba vespertilio. 6. a-e. A. guttula 7. a-c. A. gorgonia 8. A. striata 9. a-b. A. vespertilio 10. A. limicola II. Amoeba (trophozoid) 12. A. radiosa

PLATE 22

13. a-d. Acanthamoeba castellanii 14. Dinamoeba mirabilis 15. a-c. Acanthamoeba hyalina 16. a-e. Entamoeba sp. 1 7. E. paulista 18. Entamoeba sp. 19. Dobellina mesnili 20. Dientamoeba sp. 21a-b. Martinezia baezi

171

172

PLATE2Z

1. a-d. Entamoeba sp.

2. Arcella sp.

3. a-e. Arcella vulgaris

4. Difflugia oblonga

5. a-b. Euglypta laevis

6. a-b. Actinophrys sol 7. Actinophrys vesiculata

8. Ciliophrys infusionum

9. Astrodisculus radians

10. £laster greeffi

11. Holophrya simplex

12. a-b. Actinopoda

13. a-b Plagiocampa sp.

14. a-b. Lagynophrya sp.

PLATE 23

174

PLATE2J

PLATE 24

1. Spasmostoma sp.

2. Prorodon discolor. a. an individual, b. wall structure

3. P. teres 4. Enchelys sp.

5.a-b. Enchelyodon elegans

6. Trachelophyllum pusillum

7. Spathidium spathula

8. Nyctotherus sp.

9a-c. Paraisotricha sp.

10. a-b. Litonotus facio fa

lla-b. Cryptopharynx setigerus

12. Allospherium paulistris

13. Loxodus vorax

14. Chilodonella sp

175

0 0 ooo

Oo o ooo

lOb

PLATE24

176

PLATE 25

1. Chilodonella sp.

2. Chilodonella cucullulus

3. C. uncinata

4. Orthodonella sp.

5. Colpoda maupasi

6. C. cucullus

7. C. cucullus

8. a-b. Leptopharynx sphagnetrum

9. Trichospira inversa

10. Spirozona caudata

11. Paraisotricha

12a-d. Balantidium coli

13. a-c. B.duodeni

14. a-b. Protocruzia sp.

15. a-b. Saprophilous agitatus

177

178

13a 13c

PLATE25

l.a-c. Paramecium cauda tum

2. Paramecium bursaria

3.a-b. Paramecium sp. 4. a-b. Paramecium aurelia

5. Rhizocaryum concavum

6. Dogiella minuta

7. a-c. D. sphaeri

8. Metopus sp.

9. Reichenowella sp. 10. a-b. Protocruzia sp.

11. Blepherisma lateritum

12. Spirostomum teres

13. S. ambiguum

179

PLATE 26

180

Ia I b 1 I

[

;:1 ~ ;,

;

/ I

9 lOa

PLATE :z6

I. Pseudoblepherisma sp. 2. Gonostomum affine

3.a-b. Hypotrichidium conicum 4. Uroleptus limnetis

PLATE 27

5. a-b. Strongylidium californicum 6. Holosticha vernalis

7. Plerotricha lanceolata 8. Onychodromopsis flexilis

9. Trichpspira inversa

10. Euplotus patella

II. E. charon

12. E. E. audiculatus

13. Aspidisca lynceus

14. a-h. Vorticella stages

181

0

OQ

II 0 0 0

0 \0 ----/ I i ,,_:;; ~4c w I 14o 0

14b .. PLATE 2?

182

----~14g

0 0

14[

183

PLATE 28

1. a-t. Vorticella microstoma 2. a-c. V. convallaria 3. V. campanula 4. Charchesium polypinum

ld

lo lp 2a lg

2c

PLATE28

le

lm

I

10

184

If

0

185

PLATE 29

l. Rotaria citrinum

2. R. neptunia

3. Pedipartia gracilis

4. Philodina roseola

5. a-b. Cephalodella auriculata

6. a-e. Notholca sp.

7. Brachionus calyciflorus forma amphiceros

8. a-d. Unidentified rotifers

9. Unknown sp.

10. Mopsechiniscus imberbis

11. Unidentified cladoceran

12. Tylenchus filiform is

13. Tylenchus davainei

14. Cyclops sp.

15. Nauplius larva

16. Unidentified coleoptera

17. Hydrophilus sp.

18. Wallago attu

L/ ·n-lrl r 11,

0Gc ~

• 1!'-..~~'<.~:::-:~.:;-"':T"<...,r+'· '=·· '- ~ 18 . .;~-':ftt~~~~- /;

PLATE29

I. Croton sparsiflorus

2. a-b. Euphorbia thymifolia

3. Eclypta prostrata

4. Parthenium hysterophorus

5. Xanthium strumarium

6. Phyla naudiflora

7. a-b. Typha angus tat a

8. Cyperus difformis

9. a-b. C. exaltatus

10. Fimbristylis miliacea

11. Eragrostis gangetica

12. Eriocaulon atropupurea

187

PLATE 30

188

PLATE30

A. Effluent from fertilizer factory : (i) Eflluent canal and (ii) Algal growth in the effiuent

B. Effiuent from steel mill: (i) eftluent canal and (ii) Typha angustala growing in the eflluent.

D. Gudakhu factory effluent

C. Liquid effluent of Woo] Worth industry

Plate 3 1. Liquid ~ ffiuent frorn on1c lndu trie

' I

Chilodonella cucullus (Iodine stained} with Beggiatoa

filaments.

Oscillatoria agardhii

· Phormidium cmomala

Gram stained Bacteria and Polytoma

uvella. Rice Mill.

Phom1idium temu?

Thiothrix sp.

Osdllatoria subbre~·is

Plate 32. Organi. m fron1 Indu trial .. fllucn .

Euglena proxima Euglena oblonga

Gongrmiira sp.

Plate 33. Organisn1 fron1 Industrial Efllucnt .

Euglena proxima

Sulfur raphides in fertilizer Tlii"Tnnt effluent.

Chlamydomonas in fertilizer factory acidic effiuent

Plate 34. Organi m from lndustrial Etlluents.

rJra ulna

Nitzschia sp.

.~·~.- :r. =-~ ·. __ ...!....-~---

1 '- ~ ---· ~ 1:..1.··- .. ' ~:i-

Pimmlaria sp.

Nitzschia microcephala

- .-. . ..- . . . . - l .,. " . ... •,, ,.---.. I:.:......... . ' • ---~-- .

aa.. Jl' .. I

.. \ . ... . • l

Hantzschia amphioxys.

Nitzschia palea

Achnanthus exigua

Fragilaria intermedJa f Chandrapurensis

Nitzschia sp.

Plate 35. Organisms from lndu trial Efllucnt .