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Plastic waste recycling: the application of the
Fire Italian Code integrated with CFPA
Guideline in a real case
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Ind
ex
Pag. 1
Plastic pollution and recycling
Plastic storage
Environmental impacts from fire
Fire prevention strategy
Case study
Pla
stic
pollu
tion
Pag. 2
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Plastic Emergency Significant growth in recycling sites
3) Extrusion by heat Plastic granules
1) Selection
2) Grinding
Plastic flakes
Waste plastic from industrial
and municipal sources
New products
Pla
stic
sto
rage
Pag. 3
Ing. Monica Capobelli
A lot of plastic in storage
DPR n. 151/2011 n. 44
Fire risk
The plastic materials have a high
fire growth rate.
Fast - Ultrafast
01
02
03The main gas risk is the generation of
CO. The fire of plastics could product
also dioxin.
Toxicity
When most plastics burn, they give off
smoke and this can be a major hazard in
fires.
Products of combustion
Indoor
Outdoor
> 50.000 kg
Envi
ronm
enta
lim
pact
sfr
om
fir
e
Pag. 4
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Environmental impacts from Fire
Air pollution – toxic smoke plumes
Surface water pollution – firewater run-off
Thermal radiation
Physical risks
Water use
Difficult to control and can burn for weeks
Fir
epre
venti
on
stra
tegy
Pag. 5
Ing. Monica Capobelli
2
1 PREVENTION MEASURES
putting in place organizational/controlmeasures;
keeping areas clean and orderly; establishing internal regulations for
inspecting compliance with safety measures; informing and training workers about the
risks involved in their activities.
2 ACTIVE PROTECTION MEASURES Extinguishing equipment and systems Alarm systems
3 PASSIVE PROTECTION MEASURES Space separation Fire-resistant walls
Pag. 6
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Where can we find the guidelines about the correct
approach?
≈
Outdoor storage Storage of waste
Italian codes/guidelines
D.M. 03/08/2015
Linea guida Ministero dell’ambiente
e della tutela del territorio e del
Mare 21/01/2019
European guidelines
CFPA – E Guideline No 32:2014
F
Treatment and storage of waste
and combustible (for outdoor
storage)
Fir
epre
venti
on
stra
tegy
Case
stu
dy
Pag. 7
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Plastic recyclings plants
Industrial waste -> plastic granules
Indoor storage and outdoor storage
Sint = 6.000 m2 Sext = 8.500 m
2 hmax= 7,5 m
Case
stu
dy
Pag. 8
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Plastic > 50.000 kg
Subject to fire preventionmeasures
DM 03/08/2015
CFPA-E Guideline No 32:2014 F
Pag. 9
Ing. Monica Capobelli
INDOOR STORAGE DM 03/08/2015
FIRE PREVENTION MEASURES
MeasuresPerformance level
NotesI II III IV V
S.1 – Fire Reaction Handheld and wheeledfire extinguishers, fixedmanual and automaticfire extinguishingsystem are installedinside the building.
Automatic detectionsystem of a fire isinstalled inside thebuilding
S.2 – Fire Resistance
S.3 – Fire Compartment
S.4 – Egress
S.5 – Fire Safety Management
S.6 – Fire Control
S.7 – Fire Detection and alarm
S.8 – Smoke and heat control
S.9 – Fire Fighting operability
S.10 – Security of technological
and service systems
Case
stu
dy
Pag. 10
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Material distribution No big storage areas
FULLY-DEVELOPED FIRE
Enviromentalimpact
Property damage
Case
stu
dy
Pag. 11
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Case
stu
dy
The CFPA-E Guideline No 32:2014 F assigns limits to storage areas:
1. Outdoor storage should be divided into fire compartments by non-roofed 20 m wide spaces without
combustible materials or by fire break walls.
2. The maximum permitted fire compatment size for outdoor storage in 2.000 m2;
3. The fire compartments shall be divided ionto storage areas of max. 400 m2 size to ensure well-
directed fire fighting;
4. Outodoor storage should have the following max. width:
a) 40 m with both longitudinal sides of the storage area being freely accessible;
b) 20 m with only one longitudinal side of the storage area being freely accessible
5. Maximum storage height is 5 m.
Pag. 12
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Case
stu
dy
D.M. 03/08/2015 Separation distance between storage areas
Equipment of fire break walls
FRONT SPACE AREA POSTERIOR SPACE AREA
Reduction of separation distance
Pag. 13
Ing. Monica Capobelli
Case
stu
dy
FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGY
Identification of storage areas.
Identification of separation distances between storage areas.
Management measures
Handheld fire extinguishers on forklift
Wheeled fire extinguishers
Informing and trainign workers about the risks involved in their activities
Ing. Monica Capobelli
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