pile foundations
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1
Pile Foundations
PrefacePile foundations is a very vast subject and it is not possible to cover all
the information regarding pile foundations in one book or presentation The objective of this presentation is to give an overall view of the subject which will serve as beginners guide The focus of the presentation is mainly on onshore pile foundations The author has tried to explain the subject through simple concepts and visuals without giving detailed methodologies or mathematical concepts to maintain the interest of the beginner without loading his mind with unnecessary confusion However some formulae were presented at some places only to appreciate the statements made The author assumes that the reader has basic knowledge of soil mechanics and foundation engineering and basic principles of engineering The author will be pleased to accept comments and suggestions without deviating from the basic objective of the presentation for further improvement
2
Pile Foundations
OverviewPile foundations are adopted generally in the following situationsbullLow Bearing Capacity of soil bullNon availability of proper bearing stratum at shallow depthsbullHeavy loads from the super structure for which shallow
foundation may not be economical or feasible
3
Pile Foundations
Classification of Piles1048707Based on materialbullConcretebullSteelbullTimber1048707Based on method of constructioninstallationbullDriven Displacement Pre cast PilesbullDrivenDisplacement Cast in Situ PilesbullBored Replacement Pre cast pilesbullBored Replacement Cast in situ piles1048707Based on Load transfer mechanismbullEnd bearing pilesbullFrictionFloating pilesbullBearing cum Friction piles
4
Pile Foundations
1048707Based on sectional areabullCircularbullSquarebullHbullOctagonalbullTubular1048707Based on SizebullMicro piles dia lt 150 mmbullSmall dia pile dia gt150mm and lt600 mmbullLarge dia piles gt 600 mm1048707Based on inclinationbullVertical PilesbullInclined raker Piles
5
Pile Foundations
How does a pile look likebullBefore presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some
schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
2
Pile Foundations
OverviewPile foundations are adopted generally in the following situationsbullLow Bearing Capacity of soil bullNon availability of proper bearing stratum at shallow depthsbullHeavy loads from the super structure for which shallow
foundation may not be economical or feasible
3
Pile Foundations
Classification of Piles1048707Based on materialbullConcretebullSteelbullTimber1048707Based on method of constructioninstallationbullDriven Displacement Pre cast PilesbullDrivenDisplacement Cast in Situ PilesbullBored Replacement Pre cast pilesbullBored Replacement Cast in situ piles1048707Based on Load transfer mechanismbullEnd bearing pilesbullFrictionFloating pilesbullBearing cum Friction piles
4
Pile Foundations
1048707Based on sectional areabullCircularbullSquarebullHbullOctagonalbullTubular1048707Based on SizebullMicro piles dia lt 150 mmbullSmall dia pile dia gt150mm and lt600 mmbullLarge dia piles gt 600 mm1048707Based on inclinationbullVertical PilesbullInclined raker Piles
5
Pile Foundations
How does a pile look likebullBefore presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some
schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
3
Pile Foundations
Classification of Piles1048707Based on materialbullConcretebullSteelbullTimber1048707Based on method of constructioninstallationbullDriven Displacement Pre cast PilesbullDrivenDisplacement Cast in Situ PilesbullBored Replacement Pre cast pilesbullBored Replacement Cast in situ piles1048707Based on Load transfer mechanismbullEnd bearing pilesbullFrictionFloating pilesbullBearing cum Friction piles
4
Pile Foundations
1048707Based on sectional areabullCircularbullSquarebullHbullOctagonalbullTubular1048707Based on SizebullMicro piles dia lt 150 mmbullSmall dia pile dia gt150mm and lt600 mmbullLarge dia piles gt 600 mm1048707Based on inclinationbullVertical PilesbullInclined raker Piles
5
Pile Foundations
How does a pile look likebullBefore presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some
schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
4
Pile Foundations
1048707Based on sectional areabullCircularbullSquarebullHbullOctagonalbullTubular1048707Based on SizebullMicro piles dia lt 150 mmbullSmall dia pile dia gt150mm and lt600 mmbullLarge dia piles gt 600 mm1048707Based on inclinationbullVertical PilesbullInclined raker Piles
5
Pile Foundations
How does a pile look likebullBefore presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some
schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
5
Pile Foundations
How does a pile look likebullBefore presenting the actual picture of a pile foundation some
schematic pictures of pile foundation are presented below
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
6
Pile Foundations
What are the loads coming on to the pile foundation1048707All the loads from super structure viz Dead loads Live loads
Wind loads and Seismic loads1048707The loads from the surrounding soil in case of seismic event1048707Water loads in the case of off-shore structuresTypical loading diagram on a single pile embedded in soil Soil
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
7
Pile Foundations
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
8
Pile Foundations
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
9
Pile Foundations
What are the load carrying mechanisms of pilesbullEnd bearing cum friction piles carry vertical compressive loads
partly by means of resistance offered by the hard stratum at the tip of the pile and partly by the friction developed between the pile shaft and soil
bullPure friction piles carry the major part of loads only by means of friction developed between pile shaft and soil and pure End bearing piles only by means of bearing resistance at the tip of the pile
bullIn both the above cases lateral loads are carried by the lateral resistance offered by the surrounding soil
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
10
Pile FoundationsSCHEMATICS SHOWING AXIAL LOAD CARRYING MECHANISM
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
11
Pile Foundations
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
12
Pile Foundations
Load carrying mechanism of pile subjected to Lateral Loading and Moment
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
13
Pile Foundations
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
14
Pile Foundations
What is meant by load carrying capacity of the pile foundationLoad carrying capacity of the pile in the context of foundation
engineeringThe amount of load the pile can carry without undergoing
continuous displacements for insignificant load increments by virtue of its boundary condition (soil condition)and not by virtue of its structural strength
the assumption for this definition is ndashthe failure of surrounding soil occurs prior to the failure of the pile material especially in the case of concrete piles
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
15
Pile Foundations
Pile CapacitiesWhat are the various capacities of pile commonly used in practicebullAxial capacitybullLateral capacitybullPullout capacity or Tension capacity
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
16
Pile Foundations
How to estimate the capacity of a Pile What are the approachesThe two approaches for obtaining capacity of the pile are1048707Field approachIn this approach the pile is loaded to the desired level and its
capacity is estimated1048707Theoretical ApproachIn this approach the pile capacity is calculated using some
formulae into which soil data is fed for obtaining the capacity Data requiredbullSoil parameters like cohesion c angle of internal friction oslash
adhesion factor between soil and pile material etcbullSPT Values ( N values)bullAverage cone resistance in case of CPT etc
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
17
Pile Foundations
Axial CapacityThe fundamental equation for axial capacity of pile isQU= Qb+ QsWhereQU= Ultimate Load carrying capacity of pileQb=End bearing resistance= qbAbQs= Skin friction resistance= fsAsWhereqb= Ultimate unit bearing capacity at baseAb= Bearing area of the pile basefs= Unit skin frictionAs= Surface area of the portion of pile embedded in soil
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
18
Pile Foundations
Qb= qbAbWhereqb= unit point bearing capacity ( similar to bearing capacity of
shallow foundation)= crsquoNc+ qrsquoNq+ γD Nγcrsquo= effective cohesion of the soil supporting pile tipqrsquo= effective vertical stress at the level of pile tipD= width of the pileγ= unit weight of the soilNc NqNγare bearing capacity factors that include shape and
depth factors
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
19
Pile Foundations
In the bearing capacity equation the term γD Nγcan be neglected with very small error as D is relatively small compared to length of the pile
bullResearchers Meyerhoff Vesic etc have suggested various methods for the estimation of Qb
bullThe methods proposed by various researchers primarily focused on determination of the parameters Nc NqNγ
( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by BMDas-7thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
20
Pile Foundations
Qs= fsAsWherefs= unit frictional resistanceAs= Surface area of the pileFor determining fs three methods are commonly used and they are
called the α-method β-method and λ-method( Refer the book ldquoPrinciples of Foundation Engineering by
BMDas-5thEditionrdquofor the above methods)
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
21
Point load capacity
General Approach
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
22
Point load capacity
Meyerhofrsquos(1976) Method
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
23
Point load capacity
Vesicrsquos(1977) Method
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
24
Point load capacity
Janbursquos(1976) Method
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
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- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
25
Point load capacity
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
26
Point Load capacity resting on Rock
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
27
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
28
Frictional Resistance of pile
Granular Soil
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
29
Frictional Resistance of pile
Sand
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
30
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
31
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesionless Soils
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
32
Frictional Resistance of pileCohesionless Soils
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
33
Total Pile capacity in Cohesionless Soils
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
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- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
34
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
35
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
-
36
Frictional Resistance of pile
Cohesion Soils
37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
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37
Total Pile capacity in Cohesion Soils
38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
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38
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
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39
Load Transfer Mechanism of Piles
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