person perception asch’s gestalt model of person perception –intelligent, skillfull,...

Person Perception

• Asch’s Gestalt Model of Person Perception– intelligent, skillfull, industrious, cold,

determined, practical, cautious– intelligent, skillfull, industrious, warm,

determined, practical, cautious• Things that matter in perception

– order a word occurs– context of the other words

• Asch argues this shows that people formed a Gestalt of the person

Perceiving Non-Verbal Behavior

• Across cultures there is a common perception of emotion that goes with certain facial expressions for at least six emotions– happy, angry, sad, surprise, disgust,

fear• We also pay attention to body

language• One area where non-verbal

information plays a critical role is in the detection of deception

Heider Phenomenlogical Model

• We make attributions to predict the world• Brunswick Lens Model - The perceiver

shapes reality through the lense of their beliefs and preconceptions

• Attributions about Causality– Locus of Causality - Internal vs. External– the person or the situation

• Attributions of Responsibility– Intention and foreknowledge– note this is not the same as attributions of

causality although in practice we often confuse these

Jones & Davis Correspondent Inference Theory

• When someone does something is it a reflection of who they are? Do you make a correpondent inference.

• Factors we consider– choice– expectedness– noncommon effects

Kelley’s Covariation Model

• We make attributions based on the covariation principle - a cause must be present when an event occurs and absent when it doesn’t occur

• He says we use three kinds of covariation information– Consensus information - what do other

people in general say about the event– Distinctiveness - what does this person

say about other events– Consistency - what does this person say

• Now How do you put these things together