permacity: hong kong fantasies - presentation alternative economies (31 oct 2008)
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AlejandroCarrieJasperJosephineKarenNicolaYongZachary
Alexander Vollebregt
ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIESHK - OUTSIDE IN
‘global city’‘economic evolution’
HK - INSIDE OUT‘derive’
‘objective mapping’‘subjective mapping’
HK - ECONOMICS‘hong kong to the world’‘the world to hong kong’
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk mega micro’ ‘hk maximum city’
‘hk knowledge city’ ‘hk ict’
‘hk harmonious city’‘ hk agrocity’
‘hk hidden city’
HK - OUTSIDE IN
‘global city’‘economic evolution’
HK - OUTSIDE IN
‘global city’
global city and its criteria
A global city is a “command centre of world economy” Saskia Sassen
main criteria:
• placeofheadquarters’ of transnational companies• major centre for finance• locationofafastgrowing corporate orientated service sector • place international institutions• important nodeoftransportlines andinfrastructure
Recognizable is a very one-sided specification on purely economical criteria’s where so-cial and political aspects are almost not considered.
Honk Kong was walking towards the specification on purely economical concentration since the last 100 years based on its unique history.
global city
=> hierarchical system->decisiveistheglobaldegreeofcross-linking
->thestrongerthecross-linkingthehighertheposition
=> “global Network of production”
-afterseveralpointtransnationalcompaniesexternalizingtasksduetothecomplexityofthenetworkandstructure->corporateorientatedservicesector(forexample:advertisementfirms,insurances,lawoffices,….)->banksandfinanceserviceachievingmoreimportanceduetoderegulationofthe70th->morepossibilitiesforexpansion,fortransnationalcompaniesaswellasforcorporateorientatedserviceprovider
globalcityanditsdevelopment
NEW YORKBOSTEN
WASHINGTONSAN FRANCISCO
LOS ANGELES
HONG KONG
CHICACOMILANPARIS
MADRID
MOSCOW
TORONTOTOKYO
SINGAPORE
BRUSSELS GENEVAAMSTERDAM
transnational companies
-> since 60th
industryglobalcity
=> spatial clusters form the centre for global activity of the service sector ->fastavailabilityofinformation (tacitknowledge/knowhow) ->onlypossiblewithagglomeration
global cities
=> are cities that creating a network based on the strengthend flow of informationglobalcityanditsdevelopment
flowofinformationfromclustertocluster
agglomeration
cluster
agglomeration
cluster
agglomeration
cluster
flowofinformationfromagglomerationtocluster
social consequences
spatial consequences
gentrification ->processoflowincomeinhabitantsaredisplacedbyupperclassinhabitants
globalcityanditsconsequences
low-skill-worker
transnational companies
-> since 60th
industryglobalcity
outskirts
inner citywithconvenientinfrastructure
+ high-skill-expert+ low-skill-workertoservetheuperclass+ illegal immigrationcausingadditionaltention[global cities main destina-tionsforimmigrants]
- middle classglobalcity
high-skillexpert
leadingglobalcitiesandworldcitiesdefinedbytheGlobalizationandWorldCitiesStudyGroupandNetwork(GaWC)in2004
LONDON
NEW YORK
HONG KONG
SAN FRANCISCOBOSTENCHICACO
MILANPARIS
MADRID
MOSCOW
TORONTO
TOKYO
SINGAPORE
BRUSSELS GENEVAAMSTERDAM
WASHINGTON
GLOBAL CITIES
wellroundedglobalcities-largewellroundedglobalcities-smallerandstillemerging
LOS ANGELES
globalnichecities-financialglobalnichecities-politicalandsocial
leadingglobalcitiesandworldcitiesdefinedbytheGlobalizationandWorldCitiesStudyGroupandNetwork(GaWC)in2004
WORLD CITIES
subnetarticulatorcitiesworldwideleadingcities-primarilyeconomicglobalcontributions
BERLINCOPENHAGEN
MELBOURNE
MUNICH
OSLO
ROME
STOCKHOLM
BANGKOK
BEIJINGVIENNA
NAIROBI
OTTAWAFRANKFURT
OSAKA
SINGAPORE
SYDNEY
MIAMAI
ZURICH
ABIDJANADDIS ABABA
ANTLANTA
BASEL
BARCELONA
CAIRO
DENVER
worldwideleadingcities-primarilynon-economicglobalcontributions
HARARE
MANILA
LYON
MUMBAI
NEW DELHISHANGHAI
MEXICO CITY
leadingglobalcitiesandworldcitiesdefinedbytheGlobalizationandWorldCitiesStudyGroupandNetwork(GaWC)in2004
LONDON
NEW YORK
HONG KONG
SAN FRANCISCOBOSTENCHICACO
MILANPARIS
MADRID
MOSCOW
TORONTO
TOKYO
SINGAPORE
BRUSSELS GENEVAAMSTERDAM
WASHINGTON
GLOBAL CITIESwellroundedglobalcities-largewellroundedglobalcities-smallerandstillemerging
LOS ANGELES
globalnichecities-financialglobalnichecities-politicalandsocial
WORLD CITIES
subnetarticulatorcitiesworldwideleadingcities-primarilyeconomicglobalcontributions
BERLINCOPENHAGEN
MELBOURNE
MUNICH
OSLO
ROME
STOCKHOLM
BANGKOK
BEIJINGVIENNA
NAIROBI
OTTAWAFRANKFURT
OSAKA
SINGAPORE
SYDNEY
MIAMI
ZURICH
ABIDJANADDIS ABABA
ANTLANTA
BASEL
BARCELONA
CAIRO
DENVER
worldwideleadingcities-primarilynon-economicglobalcontributions
HARARE
MANILA
LYON
MUMBAI
NEW DELHISHANGHAI
MEXICO CITY
HK - OUTSIDE IN
‘economic evolution’
18401830 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
Schenk, Catherine. “Economic History of Hong Kong”. EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 16, 2008. URL http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/schenk.HongKong
Hong Kong island ceded to UK
JAN 1842
1941-1945WWII
1914-1918WWI
1967-1968PRC Cultural Revolution
1950-1953Korean war
1978China Open Door Policy
APR 1927-MAY 1950PRC CIVIL WAR
DEC 1941-AUG 1945JAPANESE OCCUPATION OF HK
1937Sino-Japanese war
1955-1964RAPID PUBLIC HOUSING BUILDING
New Territories lease to UK
1898
Kowloon ceded to UK
1860
Gold rush in San Francisco
1847 Gold rush in Australia
1851 1911OVERTHROWN OF QING DYNASTY
1912Establishment of PRC
1997Hong Kong China Reunion
1984AGREEMENT TO REUNION OF HK AND PRC
2003SARS
MAY 1842DECLARED “FREE-TRADE PORT”
FINANCE
TRADE
POLITICAL
TRADE
MANUFACTURE
AGRICULTURE
?Fishing Village
1998Completion of HK International airport
China import: Opium smuggling(86.5% total export)China export : Indentured labour to US
Formalized port from illegal to legal: Trading transist port
1959VOLUNTARY EXPORT RESTRAINT TO UK
1965Quota on HK export by US, UK
1965Banking crisis (HSBC invested in Heng Seng Bank)
1972 HKDLink Exchange System with USD, disregarding UKD
1865 Establish of HSBC
1863 Establish of Whampoa Dock Co.
320,000 Indentured labour exported > 3.4M
1973 Oil Crisis/Stock market crisis 1987 Black Monday/Stock market crisis
1997 Asian financial crisis
2008 Global financial crisis
1978 Appearance of sale of housing before built (樓花)
1950Embargo to China from US, UK(Korean War) > Drop of manufacture > “Made in Hogn Kong” branding
China export : Chinese tea to UK
Refugee from China due to WWIIProsper of textile industry
Refugee from China due to PRC civil warProsper of manufacturing industry
Industries moved away to avoid quota ban
Decline in industry, rise in service industry move to China for cheap labour
Finance, tourism, real estate and transportation took off
Prosper of small and medium-sized enterprises after industries
Regulation of gold market and banking
Rise of Chinese capitalist manufaturing, retailing and banking
Export:IncenseSalt
Rise of shipping industry due to busy trading
18401830 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
Schenk, Catherine. “Economic History of Hong Kong”. EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 16, 2008. URL http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/schenk.HongKong
Hong Kong island ceded to UK
JAN 1842
1941-1945WWII
1914-1918WWI
1967-1968PRC Cultural Revolution
1950-1953Korean war
1978China Open Door Policy
APR 1927-MAY 1950PRC CIVIL WAR
DEC 1941-AUG 1945JAPANESE OCCUPATION OF HK
1937Sino-Japanese war
1955-1964RAPID PUBLIC HOUSING BUILDING
New Territories lease to UK
1898
Kowloon ceded to UK
1860
Gold rush in San Francisco
1847 Gold rush in Australia
1851 1911OVERTHROWN OF QING DYNASTY
1912Establishment of PRC
1997Hong Kong China Reunion
1984AGREEMENT TO REUNION OF HK AND PRC
2003SARS
MAY 1842DECLARED “FREE-TRADE PORT”
FINANCE
TRADE
POLITICAL
TRADE
MANUFACTURE
AGRICULTURE
?Fishing Village
1998Completion of HK International airport
China import: Opium smuggling(86.5% total export)China export : Indentured labour to US
Formalized port from illegal to legal: Trading transist port
1959VOLUNTARY EXPORT RESTRAINT TO UK
1965Quota on HK export by US, UK
1965Banking crisis (HSBC invested in Heng Seng Bank)
1972 HKDLink Exchange System with USD, disregarding UKD
1865 Establish of HSBC
1863 Establish of Whampoa Dock Co.
320,000 Indentured labour exported > 3.4M
1973 Oil Crisis/Stock market crisis 1987 Black Monday/Stock market crisis
1997 Asian financial crisis
2008 Global financial crisis
1978 Appearance of sale of housing before built (樓花)
1950Embargo to China from US, UK(Korean War) > Drop of manufacture > “Made in Hogn Kong” branding
China export : Chinese tea to UK
Refugee from China due to WWIIProsper of textile industry
Refugee from China due to PRC civil warProsper of manufacturing industry
Industries moved away to avoid quota ban
Decline in industry, rise in service industry move to China for cheap labour
Finance, tourism, real estate and transportation took off
Prosper of small and medium-sized enterprises after industries
Regulation of gold market and banking
Rise of Chinese capitalist manufaturing, retailing and banking
Export:IncenseSalt
Rise of shipping industry due to busy trading
18401830 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
Schenk, Catherine. “Economic History of Hong Kong”. EH.Net Encyclopedia, edited by Robert Whaples. March 16, 2008. URL http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/schenk.HongKong
Hong Kong island ceded to UK
JAN 1842
1941-1945WWII
1914-1918WWI
1967-1968PRC Cultural Revolution
1950-1953Korean war
1978China Open Door Policy
APR 1927-MAY 1950PRC CIVIL WAR
DEC 1941-AUG 1945JAPANESE OCCUPATION OF HK
1937Sino-Japanese war
1955-1964RAPID PUBLIC HOUSING BUILDING
New Territories lease to UK
1898
Kowloon ceded to UK
1860
Gold rush in San Francisco
1847 Gold rush in Australia
1851 1911OVERTHROWN OF QING DYNASTY
1912Establishment of PRC
1997Hong Kong China Reunion
1984AGREEMENT TO REUNION OF HK AND PRC
2003SARS
MAY 1842DECLARED “FREE-TRADE PORT”
FINANCE
TRADE
POLITICAL
TRADE
MANUFACTURE
AGRICULTURE
?Fishing Village
1998Completion of HK International airport
China import: Opium smuggling(86.5% total export)China export : Indentured labour to US
Formalized port from illegal to legal: Trading transist port
1959VOLUNTARY EXPORT RESTRAINT TO UK
1965Quota on HK export by US, UK
1965Banking crisis (HSBC invested in Heng Seng Bank)
1972 HKDLink Exchange System with USD, disregarding UKD
1865 Establish of HSBC
1863 Establish of Whampoa Dock Co.
320,000 Indentured labour exported > 3.4M
1973 Oil Crisis/Stock market crisis 1987 Black Monday/Stock market crisis
1997 Asian financial crisis
2008 Global financial crisis
1978 Appearance of sale of housing before built (樓花)
1950Embargo to China from US, UK(Korean War) > Drop of manufacture > “Made in Hogn Kong” branding
China export : Chinese tea to UK
Refugee from China due to WWIIProsper of textile industry
Refugee from China due to PRC civil warProsper of manufacturing industry
Industries moved away to avoid quota ban
Decline in industry, rise in service industry move to China for cheap labour
Finance, tourism, real estate and transportation took off
Prosper of small and medium-sized enterprises after industries
Regulation of gold market and banking
Rise of Chinese capitalist manufaturing, retailing and banking
Export:IncenseSalt
Rise of shipping industry due to busy trading
HK - INSIDE OUT
‘derive’‘objective mapping’
‘subjective mapping’
HK - INSIDE OUT
‘derive’
HK - INSIDE OUT
‘objective mapping’
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
NATHAN ROADWEST SIDE
NATHAN ROAD EAST SIDE
HK ISLANDWATER SIDE
HK ISLANDHILL SIDE
TSIMSHATSUI
SHUMSHUI
PO
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
TSIMSHATSUI
YAUMATEI
MONGKOK
KOWLOONCITY
QUARRY BAY
NORTHPOINT
CAUSEWAYBAY
CENTRAL
WAN CHAI
SHEUNGWAN
HK - INSIDE OUT
‘subjective mapping’
HK - ECONOMICS
‘hong kong to the world’‘the world to hong kong’
HK - ECONOMICS
‘hong kong to the world’
Where ?
Tourism
3.1% in Total GDP
13.6% in Total Employment
Financial services
15.78% in Total GDP
15.7% in Total Employment
Trading and Logistics
27.23% in Total GDP
25.5% in Total Employment
Merchandise Trade
Main China
47.78%
Germany2.3%
UK1.9%
U.S.A
9.1%
Japan
7.3%
Singapore
4.4%
Taiwan
4.6%
Main China
54.97%UK2.1%
Tourism Annual Arrivals
U.S.A
4.4%
Japan
4.7%
Singapore2.0%
Aus&NZ2.7%
Korea
3.1%Tiwan
7.9%
World leading countries Leading citiesSaskia Sassen
World leading countries Leading cities
Sheffield Univercity
New Leading cities(2015)
Curent Economy
Future Economy
Greenland(Denmark)
Population 55,916Area 2,175,600 km2Density 0.026 p/km2
Macau
Population 520,400Area 28.6 km2Density 18,196 p/km2
Hong Kong S.A.R
Population 7,040,885Area 1,099 km2Density 6,407 p/km2
Singapole
Population 5,588,600Area 1.95 km2Density 6,489 p/km2
Monaco
Population 520,400Area 28.6 km2Density 16,754 p/km2
Vatican
Population 821Area 0.44 km2Density 1,866 p/km2
High population densityLow population density1km2 1km2 1km2 1km2 1km2
Macau Hong kong Singapole Vatican Monaco
Hong Kong need New Engine?
Reprogramming?
Hong Kong need New Engine?
What is the next?New again?
1997 2008
2030Asian financial crisis Global financial crisis
?
Only 7% of its land
EXPANDING?
2007 2020 2050
7%93%
50%50%
93%7%
Only 7% is Green
2007
7%93%
2020
50%50%
2050
93%7%
AFTER 2050?
HK - ECONOMICS
‘the world to hong kong’
HK - FANTASIES
STRATEGIES FOR A BETTER WORLD‘hk mega micro’
‘hk maximum city’
‘hk knowledge city’ ‘hk ict’
‘hk harmonious city’‘ hk agrocity’
‘hk hidden city’
HK fantasies
HK ICT
HK Mega Micro
HK Maximum City
HK Knowlage City
HK Harmonious City
HK Agro City
HK Hidden City
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk mega micro’
SAVING THE MICRO
SAVING THE MICRO
SAVING THE MICRO
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
integrate> 2020
street mall
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
integrate> 2020
street mall
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
integrate> 2020
street mall
upgrade> 2030
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
upgrade> 2030
integrate> 2020
street mall
accumulate> 2030
micro mall
SAVING THE MICRO
micro now
innovate2010 - 2020
micro sites
upgrade> 2030
integrate> 2020
street mall
accumulate> 2030
micro mall
SAVING THE MICRO
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk maximum city’
Maximising space
finding available spacesmaximising buildings
maximising blocksmaximum city
maximum future potential
What is my opinion ?
?
Finding space
Making space
Securing space
How much is it?
2m X 7m
How many stores can be?
2m X 7m
Can help?
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk knowledge city’
Hong Kong and its Education now
70% of the economy is driven by the service sector.
This means 4% of the inhabitants are running 70 % of Hong Kong’s economy.
This 4% are the high skilled and high educated people.
What about the other 96% of honk Kong’s population?
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
The idea of insertion knowledge as an additional flow into Hong Kong is based on the theory to have education as the starting point (spin-off effect) for the self-development in different layers - economically, socially, envi-ronmentally and spatially.
also the needed capacities for the high-skilled jobs will be available
education knowledge
culture people stay due to the flourishing culture, as well the trading knowledge, the raising quality of live
creative industry
bringing new ideas and concepts for the intellectual development, thus creating a new market of innovation and progress
more tourism based on culture and quality of life
environment
awareness due to increase in high education-al level (ex, green research); people stay due to the flourishing culture, as well the trading knowledge, the raising quality of liveharmony
and balance
out of the lower class a new middle class will raise and fill in the gap
wider variation of job opportunities and needed skill levels
?!
how?
?!
how?
strategies = copy + paste by add - subtract - re-mix
?! ?!
three levels of educational institutions basic tertiary high
from dependent to interdependent – diversify – disperse - network
high + lowre-mix of social stratas
innovative capacity building
low + highre-mix of social stratas
specialization + greenre-mix of social stratas
Long term vision
Thinking stops pure production.
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk ict’
HONG KONG TOKYO
SINGAPORE
NEW YORK
SOUTHERN FLORIDA
HAWAII
SYDNEY
SAN JUAN
CORNWELL
If...$$
$$$
$$$
In Hong Kong...
2nd Highest broadband penetration
77% Broadband penetration
154% Mobile phone penetration
1 million mobile 3G subscribers
1/6 companies has set up overseas branch1/3 companies has set up mainland branch165% increase in manpower 1996-20028% manpower growth, 10% revenue growth
X If...
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i
ii
i
ii
ii
i
i
i
KNOWLEDGE IS RICHNESS!!!
iHK
CENTRALHK CBD
TSING MA BRIDGE
LANTAU ISLANDHK CABLE HUB
23 MIN LINKAGE TO CBDNO TSUNAMI
NO EARTHQUAKENO VOLCANO
EXISTING DEVELOPMENT
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk harmonious city’
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk agrocity’
HK - FANTASIES
‘hk hidden city’
summary on Hong Kong and its economy
The ongoing urbanization process has lead to a very distinct two sided surface, with 20% being highly urban, and 80% being highly green. Both of these unbalanced developments have created consequences for it users. Living ‘inside’ the city has resulted to living in an economical jungle, a vast array of commercial activity throughout both its cores (the North-South core, as well as the East-West core).
The pyscho-sociological effects of this make the mind and body inhabit a densely active economical jungle, where there is little, if any escape. It seems ecology has had to make way for economy!
This process of urbanization has also lead to an increasing social divide, where the gap between the rich and the poor continously grows - leading to social segregation and frag-mented gentrification.
A purely one-sided economically driven urbanization process (80% services) has governed its historical spatial development.
Our visions are based on the idea to balance this current form of development in order to
create a sustainable and prosperous city - a well rounded global city.
AlejandroCarrieJasperJosephineKarenNicolaYongZachary
Alexander Vollebregt
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