pedigrees
Post on 23-Feb-2016
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PedigreesComplex Inheritance Patterns:Autosomal v. X-Linked
Pedigree
• Family Tree• Genealogy• Inheritance Diagram
• Relates parents and offspring for numerous generations• Shows relationships between parents, children,
grandchildren…• Aunts, uncles; cousins; second-cousins; distant relatives
• Are useful in tracking complex inheritance traits, genetic disorders, and sex-linked traits
How to make a pedigree
• Female: Circle• Male: Square• Line between: Parental relationship• Line down: Parent to children• Line over and connecting: Siblings• Chronological order: Left to Right• Left (oldest) to right (youngest)
• Dashed Line: Same person• Shading: Carries/has specific trait
My Pedigree: Eye Color
Tibbot Csik(bb)
Dottie Csik(Bb)
Jerry Vessey(bg)
Diane Vessey(gg)
Cindy Csik(bb)
Phil Csik(Bb)
Terry Csik(Bb)
Paul Csik(Bb)
Steven Csik(bb)
Genell Csik(gg)
Corinne Popke(bg)
Kirstin Csik(Bg)
Nick Csik(Bg)
Phil Csik(Bb)
Let’s Practice!
• Please get out Investigation 18: Punnett Square Practice• We already did Parts A, B and C last week
• SKIP the Analysis Questions
• Do Part D now
Using PedigreesSolving problems for Sex-linked traits, genetic disorders and unknown inheritance
Sex-linked traits
• A “sex-linked” trait is carried on one of the sex chromosomes
• X-linked traits are far more common in men than women
• Tracking sex-linked traits, particularly when determining if women are carriers, requires use of Pedigrees
Autosomal v. X-Linked
• Autosomes• 22 homologous chromosome pairs• Autosomal traits occur on one or more of
your AUTOSOMES• Sex Chromosomes• Sex-linked traits occur on a X or Y• Female: XX•Male: XY
Autosomal Inheritance: Albinism
• Albino: Latin root meaning “white”• Lack of pigment: no colors
• Autosomal, Recessive trait
AA=NormalAa=Carrieraa=Albino
X-Linked Inheritance: Ocular Albinism
• Ocular: Latin root meaning “Eye”• Lack of pigment in eyes only
• X-Linked, Recessive traitXX=NormalXx=Carrierxx=Ocular Albino
XY=NormalxY=Ocular Albino
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=cosmetics-animal-testing
http://ocw.tufts.edu/Content/51/lecturenotes/551169/551383
Hemophilia
• Genetic bleeding disorder: No clotting factor• IF you have hemophilia:• No clotting proteins to work with platelets
• Recessive• Rare disease
• X-Linked• More common in males• VERY rare in females
http://www.zimbio.com/Hemophilia/articles/Tds3gpcOOph/Hemophilia+Disease
The Romanova Mystery
• We will be taking on roles today to help solve the mystery of the Russian Royal family, and the would-be heir: Alexei Romanova
• We will construct a pedigree of the Victorian-era royal family to help us investigate the mysterious deaths of royals
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