overview of canpolin wg5: ecosystems
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Overview of CANPOLIN WG5: Ecosystems
Elizabeth Elle
Elle
Cartar Vamosi
Davis
Westwood Worley
Fournier
Ali Dorken Eckert Hunter Kevan Lortie McNeil Mineau Nol Woodcock
Cutler
Hermanutz
WG5 members
….and a small army of students
Pan trap locations in our database
Landscape Characteristics
Plant Diversity & Abundance
Pollinator Diversity & Abundance
Plant reproduction
Interaction Networks
Our objectives 1. Does diversity of pollinators affect seed set in
plants?
2. What is the impact of invasive plants or pollinators on the pollination mutualism?
3. How can the study of interaction networks inform our understanding of pollination?
4. How do plant phenology and the distribution of habitats in the landscape affect pollination?
1. Pollen limitation and pollinator diversity
• Pollen limitation is common: 60-73% of populations studied
• Suboptimal pollinator activity considered major cause
• Does greater diversity of pollinators reduce pollen limitation?
Review of literature: no relationship between diversity and pollen limitation
Davila et al. 2012. Botany 90: 535-543
Weighted diversity
0 2 4 6 8 10
Polle
n lim
itatio
n
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4D. hendersonii
E. oregonum
C. quamash
D. menziesii
B. hyacinthina
A. acuminatum
Experiment, 6 species, 6 sites, 2 years: no relationship
Gielens and Elle submitted
Pollinator Diversity
1. Pollen limitation and pollinator diversity
Although pollinator diversity is likely important for the maintenance of reproduction by different plant species, diversity of visitors to single species does not predict reproductive output
2. Native/invasive interactions
• We expect that increases in non-native pollinators could lead to a reduction in native pollinators (presentation: Zink, Wonneck, Cartar)
• Non-native plants might outcompete native plants for pollinator service
• Locations with/without plant invaders may support different pollinator communities
Visit rate to native Camas is lower in sites invaded by Scotch Broom
Muir and Vamosi, in prep.
Broom Present Broom Absent
V
isit
s p
er
un
it t
ime
(but no effect on seed set)
Invaded grasslands have different arthropod communities and indicator
species than non-invaded ones
Spafford and Lortie, in prep.
Non-invaded Invaded
Non-Invaded Invaded
2. Native/invasive interactions
The presence of invasive species can change community composition and plant-pollinator interactions
3. Interaction Networks
• Diverse research on:
– Novel ways to model plant-pollinator interactions
– How traits, phenology, phylogeny structure networks (presentation: Chamberlain et al.)
– How properties of networks differ among disturbed and natural communities, and the utility of network approach for conservation
Data: - List of plant and pollinator species - Counts of interactions - Species traits (if available)
Artifical Intelligence
or
Econometric model
Possible Outputs:
- Interaction probabilities
- Functional groups
- Potential linkage rules
- Summary of how linkage
rules contribute to
pollinator decisions
Ali, Callaghan, Crea, Lin, and Merilo
New Network models
Networks and Conservation, 1
• Some network properties especially useful for conservation planning (Asymmetry, Nestedness, Degree)
• Important to consider networks for management of rare or invasive species
Elle et al. 2012: Botany 90: 525-534
• Recovering lands: 3 former corn-soybean fields of different ages
• Monitored for floral resources, pollinator assemblages, visit patterns
Networks and Conservation, 2
Woodcock and Kevan, in prep 3 years into recovery 9 years into recovery
3 years 9 years
2. Network degree increases with age, suggesting greater community stability
1. Quantity and diversity of floral resources increases with age
3. Some generalist invasive plants support uncommon pollinators
3. Interaction Networks
We are gaining new insight into how traits structure networks, and the utility of the network approach for conservation and restoration
4. Phenology and Spatial Structure
• How do plant phenology and landscape properties affect pollinator communities? (Wray & Elle presentation)
• How does pollination differ between wild vs. managed farms? (Wilkes, Cutler, & Hermanutz presentation)
• How do landscape properties affect plant reproductive success?
Rebecca Rockefeller Forest stand types
Bumblebee pollination of wild raspberry under different logging practices
Gunderson, Dorken, Nol in prep.
Landscape
configuration
Floral
resources
Pollinator
abundance
Pollinator
diversity
Plant
reproductive
success
Landscape configuration and local floral resources both important for Raspberry pollination
More natural land around highbush blueberry fields more bumblebees, less pollen limitation
Amount of “natural” land
Polle
n L
imit
atio
n
Amount of “natural” land
Bu
mb
le B
ee A
bu
nd
ance
Button, Elle in prep.
4. Spatial Structure
Both local and landscape characteristics affect the pollinator community, which affects plant reproduction
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