over the-counter medications

Over-the-Counter Medications

The Market

Therapeutic Classes

Commercial Products

The OTC Market Place

Market Design Self-Care Movement Self Medication

Risks Benefits

Prevalence of OTC use

Law Review

Impact

OTC Industry Trends

Sales USA Global

Product Categories Active ingredients Product selection

Rx-OTC Switch Movement

Patient counseling Real medicines

OTC Labeling

Drug ClassificationStudy Chart Example

Classification

Purpose &

Therapeutic Effect

Adverse

Effects

Cautions &

Warnings

Patient

Education

Analgesia

Pain Organic Psychogenic

Anatomy of Pain SensationTypes of Pain Headache, migraine Osteoarthritis, RA Neuralgia, myalgia,

arthralgia, bursitis Menstrual (diuretics)

Oral Analgesics (Internal)

Active Ingredients Salicylates (ASA-acetyl salicylic acid) Para-aminophenol (APAP-acetaminophen) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS)

(IBU-ibuprofen)

Mechanism of Action (MOA)

Side Effects (SE)

Topical Analgesics (External)

Capsaicin (Zostrix)

Salicylates (Aspercreme)

Menthol (Mineral Ice, Flexall, Jointritis)

Camphor (Bayer Muscle & Joint)

Thermacare

Is it a Cold or the Flu?Cold Flu

Fever –rareHA –rareAches/pains- slightFatigue/weak-mildRunny/stuffy nose-commonSneeze- usualSore throat- commonChest discomfort-mild

High 102-104FProminentUsual & severeExtreme – 2-3 weeksSometimes

SometimesSometimesCommon

Anti-diarrheals

Diarrhea Types Self-limiting

OTC Treatments Non-drug

BRAT Drug

Adsorbents Kaolin,pectin, bismuth

GIT sedatives loperamide

Laxatives

Constipation

Treatment Bulk forming Emollient Lubricants Saline Stimulant Stool softener

Anti-Emetics

Physiology Vomiting center Chemoreceptor trigger zone

Treatment Meclizine, cyclizine Dimenhydrinate Fructose/sucrose

Coke syrup Emetrol

Sea Bands

Antacids

Neutralizers Ingredients Na++ Bicarbonate Ca++ Carbonate Aluminum Hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide Alginic Acid

Anti-flatulence Simethicone

Digestive Enzymes

Acid Reducers

Physiology

Ingredients Histamine-2 (H-2) Receptor Blockers

Cimetidine Famotidine Ranitidine

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) Omeprazole

The Common Cold

Rhinovirus LRI URI

Rhinitis Allergic

Seasonal Perennial

Infectious Non allergic

Nasal DecongestantsTopical Oral

MOA

Agents Ephedrine Phenylephrine Naphazoline Oxymetazoline Xylometazoine

SE

MOA

Agents Ephedrine Phenylephrine Pseudo ephedrine

SE

The Sinus Headache

Anti-Tussives

Types of Cough Congested, productive Congested, non-

productive Dry, non-productive

Agents Expectorants

Guaifenesin

Central Acting Suppressants

Dextromethorphan

Intermission