organic chemistry applications · 1.3 is this reaction exo- or endothermic? ... 4 write down the...
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Organic CHEMISTRYAPPLICATIONSGr 12 Physical Science
Mrs KL FALING
APPLICATIONS1. Combustion 2.The
preparation of Esters
COMBUSTION
Alkanes are the most important fossil fuels
When reacting with oxygen they produce a lot of heat (EXOTHERMIC)
Excellent fuels
(Also called oxidation)
In conditions where oxygen levels are good Carbon dioxide is formed and in poor oxygen conditions carbon monoxide is formed.
Example: Hexane in sufficient oxygen:
Exercise
Methane + Sufficient oxygen (complete)
Ethane + Poor oxygen (incomplete)
Propane + Sufficient oxygen
Octane + Insufficient oxygen
Notes:
Methane gas released when plants rot
Methane and Ethane gas used as fuels
Propane and butane liquefy under pressure used widely in gas heaters and stoves
Butane used in cigarette lighters
Octane is a liquid and used as petrol in cars.
The preparation of esters
An ester is the product an acidic catalysed condensation reactionAcid is required to accelerate the reactionWater is a product formed
The process is known as ESTERIFICATION
ESTERIFICATION
Reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
Needs a catalyst and dehydrating agent (H2SO4) –concentrated
Heat is added
EXAMPLES
Practice
Propanol + Ethanoic acid
Ethanol + propanoic acid
Methanol + Butanoic acid
Butanol + Methanoic acid
HOMEWORK
Ex 8 page 102 number 1 - 11
ANSWERS
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