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LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1
OPERA status
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 2
OPERA experiment from detector construction to a working apparatus Practical running update
Past neutrino runs Detector target filling 2006-2007-2008
Data collection and analysis Statistics Prospects
After April 6 LrsquoAquila seism
OPERA French groupsAnnecy LAPP D Duchesneau J Favier H Pessard A Zghiche Lyon IPNL D Autiero T Brugiegravere A Cazes L Chaussard Y Deacuteclais J Marteau E Pennacchio T TranStrasbourg IPHC M Dracos C Jollet A Meregaglia
Outline
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3
OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance
CERN
LNGS
730 km
OPERA
bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques
OPERA
CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso
bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions
ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity
ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance
ndash 45 1019 potyear
SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation
CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation
SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS
Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4
Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection
CC interaction+ N + X oscillation
B R ~
17
h n(o) B R ~ 50
e B R ~ 18
n(o) B R ~
14
-
Decay ldquokinkrdquo
-
c
oscillation
- c~ 87 m
no-oscillation
(asymp 600 m of path)
(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)
(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)
emu
lsio
n
emu
lsio
n
sup
po
rt
125cm
102cm
Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad
One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films
CS
10 X0
Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)
86 Kg
To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks
The OPERA way to detect the tau kink
150 000 bricks
~125 Ktons
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 2
OPERA experiment from detector construction to a working apparatus Practical running update
Past neutrino runs Detector target filling 2006-2007-2008
Data collection and analysis Statistics Prospects
After April 6 LrsquoAquila seism
OPERA French groupsAnnecy LAPP D Duchesneau J Favier H Pessard A Zghiche Lyon IPNL D Autiero T Brugiegravere A Cazes L Chaussard Y Deacuteclais J Marteau E Pennacchio T TranStrasbourg IPHC M Dracos C Jollet A Meregaglia
Outline
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3
OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance
CERN
LNGS
730 km
OPERA
bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques
OPERA
CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso
bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions
ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity
ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance
ndash 45 1019 potyear
SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation
CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation
SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS
Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4
Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection
CC interaction+ N + X oscillation
B R ~
17
h n(o) B R ~ 50
e B R ~ 18
n(o) B R ~
14
-
Decay ldquokinkrdquo
-
c
oscillation
- c~ 87 m
no-oscillation
(asymp 600 m of path)
(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)
(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)
emu
lsio
n
emu
lsio
n
sup
po
rt
125cm
102cm
Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad
One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films
CS
10 X0
Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)
86 Kg
To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks
The OPERA way to detect the tau kink
150 000 bricks
~125 Ktons
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3
OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance
CERN
LNGS
730 km
OPERA
bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques
OPERA
CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso
bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions
ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity
ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance
ndash 45 1019 potyear
SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation
CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation
SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS
Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4
Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection
CC interaction+ N + X oscillation
B R ~
17
h n(o) B R ~ 50
e B R ~ 18
n(o) B R ~
14
-
Decay ldquokinkrdquo
-
c
oscillation
- c~ 87 m
no-oscillation
(asymp 600 m of path)
(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)
(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)
emu
lsio
n
emu
lsio
n
sup
po
rt
125cm
102cm
Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad
One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films
CS
10 X0
Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)
86 Kg
To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks
The OPERA way to detect the tau kink
150 000 bricks
~125 Ktons
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4
Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection
CC interaction+ N + X oscillation
B R ~
17
h n(o) B R ~ 50
e B R ~ 18
n(o) B R ~
14
-
Decay ldquokinkrdquo
-
c
oscillation
- c~ 87 m
no-oscillation
(asymp 600 m of path)
(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)
(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)
emu
lsio
n
emu
lsio
n
sup
po
rt
125cm
102cm
Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad
One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films
CS
10 X0
Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)
86 Kg
To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks
The OPERA way to detect the tau kink
150 000 bricks
~125 Ktons
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)
emu
lsio
n
emu
lsio
n
sup
po
rt
125cm
102cm
Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad
One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films
CS
10 X0
Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)
86 Kg
To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks
The OPERA way to detect the tau kink
150 000 bricks
~125 Ktons
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6
20 m
10 m
Super Module 1 Super Module 2
electronics racks
Muon
Spectrometer
Target
TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe
INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)
HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm
Veto Drifttubes
RPCECCs
scint
strips
BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall
BMSBrick Manipulator system
The detector
Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007
Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization
RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7
CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)
DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989
Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event
Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics
OK (Negligible cosmics bg)
OK
In progress
OPERA performance as on-line detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8
CERN
Gran Sasso
2000
2004
2006
2008
1998
2002
2010
Approval
End of civil engineerin
g
End of construction
Commissioning
Elect-det only
60000 bricks
150000 bricks OPERA
CNGSCNGS runs
CNGS runs
2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling
2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding
problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)
2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected
2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9
CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008
0
2E+18
4E+18
6E+18
8E+18
1E+19
12E+19
14E+19
16E+19
18E+19
18-J
un
28-J
un
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
6-O
ct
16-O
ct
26-O
ct
5-N
ov
inte
gra
ted
po
t
Total 1781019 pot
18kV cable repair
MD
PS magnet exchange septum bakeout
MD
SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange
CNGS maintenance
SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD
CNGS maintenance
Nominal 45 1019 potyr
Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD
Beam to CNGSLHC FT
Beam to CNGS MD
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10
After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)
SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD
4 x CNGS2xCNGS
MTECNGS
LHC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11
Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic
data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex
Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick
CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)
If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs
Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)
A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located
OPERA data taking flow
Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008
Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing
emulsion development and assoc logistics were
big engineering enterpriseshellip
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12
Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred
Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events
Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets
Scanning of the Changeable Sheets
Identification of the primary vertex
Kinematic reconstruction and decay search
Part validated ()Fully validated
Fully validated
Fully validated
In progress ()
In progress ()
() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events
OPERA performance as hybrid detector
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13
Preliminary
Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)
Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)
Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)
Manca plot
Brick finding
Brick extractions End of CNGS run
Up to 25 bricks per shift
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14
MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK
Brick CSd
LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)
LNGS
Scanning of Changeable Sheets
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15
lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions
In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search
Vertex finding and decay search
Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months
1257565554535251504948hellip21
CSd
CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT
predictionbullangular range plusmn400
mradbullalignment by Xray
marks (10m accuracy) Scan back
bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)
bullstopping point
Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10
plates
track IP
Multiplicity
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16
NC CC Total
Bricks scanned 162 693 855
CS to brick connected 151 666 817
Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630
Passing through 10 35 45
Vertices in the dead material
2 9 11
PRELIMINARY
Analysis April 3rd 2009
Vertex location summary 2008 run
At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717
pair opening angle 10 mrad
E = 157 MeV
low p track
A beautiful A beautiful CC CC
ECC level
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18
A charm candidateA charm candidate
Kink
PRELIMINARY
em showers
vertex signature already evident in the CS
The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon
Charm search
8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19
kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39
+17 -09 GeV
pt = 796 MeVpt
MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)
The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink
Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20
A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am
295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong
damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless
38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)
LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment
The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th
Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected
Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21
Detector target filling situation
Mar 07
July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in
the detector until July 2008
Target preparations for 2009
-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22
In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run
The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative
4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated
The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months
Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay
OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program
Conclusions
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23
The End
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24
Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC
interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC
events 0 misidentification
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton
Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue
01729 - micro-
01735 - e-
02431 - h-
01709 - 3h
BackgroundSignal
m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
- decay channels
075 ALL 104
() BR()
x BR =106
Physics potential
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
-
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