open access and open educational resoruces
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Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia
Open Access and Open Educational Resources
Sanjaya Mishra 7 August 2013
Higher Education System
Inputs Processes Outputs- Teaching- Learning- Research- Administration- Community living- Community engagement
- Students- Teachers- Researchers- Staff- Infrastructure- Library- Laboratory- Finance- Regulation
- Employable graduates- Research publications/ New Knowledge- Teaching and Learning Resources- Contribution to Society
The Business of Knowledge
Knowledge generation
Knowledge disseminatio
n
Knowledge acquisition
Knowledge certification
Research Communication
Some Problems in the HE Systems
Exponential growth of knowledge
Access to quality teaching and learning resources (textbooks)
Access to technology Access to information
and opportunities
OA and OER
Open Access
Open Educational Resources
OA and OER: Historical perspective
Open Access– Budapest Open
Access Initiative (2002)
– Berlin Declaration (2003)
– Bethesda Statement (2003)
– Many declarations…
Open Educational Resources– MIT OpenCourseware
(2001)– OER term coined at
UNESCO (2002)– OER Paris Declaration
2012
Definitions Open Access: is the
provision of free access to peer-reviewed, scholarly and research information to all. It envisages that the rights holder grants worldwide irrevocable right of access to copy, use, distribute, transmit, and make derivative works in any format for any lawful activities with proper attribution to the original author.
Open Educational Resources: teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions. Open licensing is built within the existing framework of intellectual property rights as defined by relevant international conventions and respects the authorship of the work
OA and OER: Four Dimensions
Free
PermanentOpen
Online
Legal View of OA and OER
Benefits of OER and OA
Promote lifelong learning Contribute to social inclusion, gender equity
and education for the special needs Improve cost-efficiency and quality of
teaching and learning Increased access to peer-reviewed
publications Greater visibility and citation of research
works Overall individual and institutional
reputation
What is “Open”?
It’s about open license used to share educational material
Reuse Revise Remix Redistribute No permission required as long as the open
license is respected
Open Licenses
Creative Commons CC-BY CC-BY-SA CC-BY-NC CC-BY-NC-SA CC-BY-ND CC-BY-NC-ND
Concepts Attribution Share Alike Non-Commercial Non-Derivative
OA and OER: Technology and Platforms
OER– Wikipedia,
WikiEducator, Wikivarsity
– Wikispaces, etc.– Connexions, MIT
OpenCourseware, OLI-CMU, FlexiLearn, OpenLearn
– Directory of OER
OA– DOAJ, DOAB– GOAP– Directory of OA
Repositories– Dspace/eprints/
Greenstone– Mega OA journals,
private publishers– Green and Gold OA– Social networking
approach to OA: ResearchGate, Mandeley, Academia.edu
OER Use Case Study 1
• Open Education, 2007
• David Wiley taught a 3 credit course using Wiki
• Used weekly reading and blogging
• Assignments and grading
• Over 50 learners took this course
OER use Case Study 2• SLM Development, 2008• Sanjaya Mishra trained
20 individuals to write self-learning materials
• Used weekly reading and GoogleGroup
• Wiki-based Tasks to develop SLM using wiki
• Learning contract, certification, online activities, visible outputs
OER use Case Study 3
• Bangladesh Open School, SLM Training
• F2F and Online training
• Development of Units
• Collaborative course Development
OA Developments
Gold open Access (9947OA journals, 1162516 articles in DOAJ)
Green Open Access (2353 repositories) Platinum Open Access (Social networking
approach)– Mendeley, Research Gate, Academia.edu etc.
67% of Journals permit some form of self-archiving
Role of COL and CEMCA
COL is the foremost international agency to have adopted OER policy
COL-UNESCO organised the World OER Congress COL Publishes large number of resources on OER CEMCA has developed quality guidelines for OER CEMCA has developed an institutional OER policy
template CEMCA is developing a course on OER-based eLearning CEMCA is developing Self-Directed Learning Materials
of Open Access for Librarians and ResearchersAdvocac
yPolicy Capacity
Materials
THANK YOU
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