online employment applications and website accessibility
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Web sites chosen
2 online job application sites were chosen for each of the 8 states served by the Southeast DBTAC: Alabama Florida Georgia Kentucky Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Web sites chosen (cont.)
Honda Alabama
Pilgrims
Orlando Regional Healthcare
Home Shopping Network
Harland Clarke Holdings
MARTA Corp.
PNC Bank
Ford Motor Company
Smithfield Packing Co.
Lowes Inc.
Sonoco Products
Fluor Enterprises
Beau Rivage Resort and Casino
Hinds Community College
International Paper Co.
Dell Computer
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
9
Research methodology
All participants utilized JAWS in the evaluations Participants were given the URL of the homepage of the
company/organization, and told to apply for a job of a certain category (e.g. help desk manager or software engineer)
A CV and e-mail account had previously been prepared for the participant to match the job category (with relevant work experience)
We used a modified usability methodology so that we could learn as much as possible about the barriers to online job applications
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
10
Assisting participants
For many sites, core features (such as the “search jobs”function) were inaccessible
When users could not move forward and told us that they could not move forward, we offered to assist them, and we took very careful notes of when we were asked to perform an “intervention”
We performed a total of 34 interventions 2 categories of intervention: (18) verbal advice (16) performing a mouse click (when it was required)
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Assistance
Ideally, a user needs to apply for a job online without any assistance
However, we wanted to learn more about what are the most common challenges in online job application web sites
And if we did not assist the users in any way, very often, the users could not get beyond the homepage or job search page, and we would learn nothing about the problems that exist
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
12
RESULTS
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
13
Overall Results
24/32 applications were submitted, HOWEVER
Only 9/32 attempts at applying for a job online could be completed without assistance from the researchers
Some participants needed as many as 3 interventions
In usability testing research, this would be considered a task success rate of 28.1%
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
14
Information on time taken to apply
Quickest submission: 23 minutes - MARTA
Longest submission (121 minutes) for successfullysubmitted individual applications:
• Beau Rivage, no intervention
• Orlando Health, 1 intervention
User gave up on one submission attempt (Beau Rivage) after 229 minutes, application was not submitted
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
15
Software Notes
Note that 7 of the 16 sites use either the Taleo software or the Kenexa software for the application process
Taleo has over 5,000 customers
Kenexa is used in 11 languages and 115 countries (data from their respective web sites)
Imagine how minor changes to those two applications could have a major impact!
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
16
Examples of specific problems that would stop blind users from applying for jobs online
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
17
MARTA web site
Every job available had a link title of “click here to read more” from JAWS links list
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
18
PNC Bank
The “search jobs” page was flash-based, with no textual equivalents, so unless you could use a mouse pointer, you could NOT search for jobs
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
19
Smithfield Foods
To find out more about jobs, you were required to click on maps to select where you wanted to find a job, but there were no textual equivalents, so mouse usage was required
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
20
International Paper
To find out more about careers, you were required to click on careers in a pull-down menu, but there were no textual equivalents, and no way to access it through JAWS, so mouse usage was required
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
21
Sonoco
Feedback on problems with data entry is inaccessible…you get feedback by hovering over with the mouse, and the fields that are incorrect are marked in red. JAWS users only hear “Ok button. Press space bar to activate.”
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
22
International Paper
Feedback about the errors in form data, is not accessible to JAWS.
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
23
Sonoco and Ford
The question is not in any way connected to the responses in the code. While a visual user can see that they are next to each other, this isn’t clear for JAWS
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
24Progress bars provide no useful feedbackThey need to also provide information non-visually
about how the user is progressing
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
25
Some general problems which relate to all users, not only users with disabilities…
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Harland Clarke
Site required user to select an end date, even though they had selected the job as their current job.
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Orlando Regional Health
The application process required a look-up of school attended, rather than allowing free text entry. However, there were 8 lookup choices with the same name
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
28
Orlando Regional Health (part 2)
On the form, email and phone number were not indicated as required but when the user submitted the form, an error came up stating that email and phone number are required
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
29
Orlando Regional Health (part 3)
Even with textual labels of the steps in the application process, these textual labels are confusing:
Preferences?
Online questionnaire?
Languages?
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
30
Orlando Regional Health (part 4)
Unclear guidance on what format should be used to submit data in a form
This was actually requesting data be entered in a currency format, but there was no guidance, and the error message was unclear
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
31
HSN
User was confused about the difference between “no selection” and “no”
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Suggestions for Priorities in Improving Accessibility in Online Job Application Web sites
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
33
Forms properly labeled
Make sure that forms are properly labeled
Textual labels should be read before the entry field/button, not afterwards
Textual labels should actually represent the same label as presented on the screen
This combination, with no labels, is confusing
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
34
Required fields and feedback
Make sure that it is clear which fields are required, and provide accessible feedback on incorrectly filled-out forms
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
35
Option for more time
If you must have a session time limit, provide users the opportunity to request more time
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
36
Label Links
Make sure that links are labeled properly Every job available at Beau Rivage had a link title of
“more info,” instead of the job title
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
37
Progress info accessible
Make sure that information on progress through the process is available to JAWS
Progress indicators shouldn’t only be visual, based on color or shape
It’s important to provide textual information
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
38
Proper coding of table headers/ table cell
Type 1:Tables that require data input – all form controls (drop-down lists, radio buttons, combo boxes, etc.) should be properly labeled.
Type 2:
Tables displaying data –here, table headers must be properly coded/labeled so that each row and cell could be read by Jaws.
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
39
Logical tab order
Make sure that there is a logical tab order if you are listening to forms
When tab order is not logical, here’s what users hear
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
40
Suggestions for success
If you are building software for online application processes, place accessibility in the design requirements and specify evaluation
If you are purchasing a software package for online applications, ask if it’s accessible, and ask for data on how they tested for accessibility
Evaluate your online application process by:
Usability testing involving people with disabilities
Expert inspections (but only with real experts)
Using automated software tools for feedback
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
41
*Open Discussion &
Questions
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
42
THANK YOU!
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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Contact Information
Please Feel Free to Reach Out to UsDr. Jonathan LazarDept. of Computer and Information Sciences & Universal Usability Laboratory, Towson UniversityJLazar@towson.edu
Jill HoughtonDeputy Director, Southeast TACEActing Executive Director, USBLNJilldh@bellsouth.net
Pamela WilliamsonDirector, DBTAC: Southeast ADA Centersedbtacproject@law.syr.edu
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
44
For more information
ADA National Network by DBTACWeb: adata.org1-800-949-4232 [voice/tty]
Section 508 web siteWeb: www.section508.gov
Web Content Accessibility GuidelinesWeb: www.w3.org/WAI/intro/wcag.php
Web AIM (Accessibility in Mind)Web: webaim.org
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
45
Sponsors of Webinar Series
ADA National Network by DBTACWeb: adata.org
American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD)Web: aapd.com
Council of State Administrators ofVocational Rehabilitation (CSAVR)- National Employment Team (NET)Web: rehabnetwork.org
U.S. Business Leadership NetworkWeb: usbln.org
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
46
Education Credits - DEADLINE: October 7
CEU (0.1) Approved by the University College at Syracuse UniversityTo earn CEU credit, you must:1. Participate in the 1.5 hour webinar.2. Login to your Webinar Account & complete: CEU Request.3. Follow CEU Credit Requirements
(http://sedbtac.org/webinars/requestCEU.php?eventid=533).
CRCC (1.5) Approved by Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor
Certification (CRCC) To earn CRCC credit, you must:1. Participate in the 1.5 hour webinar.2. Login to your Account & score 80% or better on Post Test.3. Complete: CRCC Request and send a copy to the CRCC office.4. Follow CRCC Credit Requirements
(http://sedbtac.org/webinars/requestCRCC.php?eventid=533).
Webinar Series for Business Hosted by: Southeast ADA Center and SoutheastTACEProjects of Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University
Funded by NIDRR Grant # H133A060094. © 2011 All Rights Reserved
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DisclaimerThe DBTAC: Southeast ADA Center (Southeast DBTAC) is authorized by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) to provide information, materials, and technical assistance to individuals and entities that are covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act and its Amendments (ADA) under Grant No. H133A060094. However, NIDRR is not responsible for enforcement of the ADA. For more information or assistance, contact your regional ADA Center via the ADA National Network byDBTAC at adata.org or call 1-800-949-4232 [voice/tty].
The information, materials, and/or technical assistance are intended solely as informal guidance, and are neither a determination of your legal rights or responsibilities under the Act, nor binding on any agency with enforcement responsibility under the ADA. The BurtonBlatt Institute (BBI) at Syracuse University does not warrant the accuracy of any information contained herein. Any links to non-BBI information are provided as a courtesy. They are not intended tonor do they constitute an endorsement by the BBI of the linked materials.
Online Employment Applications and Website Accessibility 092711 Presentation Outline
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