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TRANSFER OF N R D M STECHNOLOGIES FORWATERSHED MANAGEMENT

TRANSFER OF TRANSFER OF NN R D M R D M SSTECHNOLOGIES FORTECHNOLOGIES FORWATERSHED MANAGEMENTWATERSHED MANAGEMENT

NRDMS DIVISION,DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE ANDTECHNOLOGY.GOVERNMENT OF

INDIA.

NRDMS DIVISION,NRDMS DIVISION,DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE ANDDEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE ANDTECHNOLOGY.GOVERNMENT OFTECHNOLOGY.GOVERNMENT OF

INDIA.INDIA.

NRDMS Programme

� Launched by Dept. of Science & Technology in

1982, NRDMS is an R & D programme to developand demonstrate methods, techniques and tools foroperationalising the concept of ‘DecentralisedPlanning’

CONTEXT

� Emphasis on decentralised planning throughInstitutions of Local Self Governance toprepare and implement locale-specificIntegrated Development schemes.

� Entry of Computers in Indian scene.� Emergence of appropriate data handling

Technology.

� Emphasis on decentralised planning throughInstitutions of Local Self Governance toprepare and implement locale-specificIntegrated Development schemes.

� Entry of Computers in Indian scene.� Emergence of appropriate data handling

Technology.

GOALS

� DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL DATA MANAGEMENTTECHNOLOGIES FOR INTEGRATED RURALDEVELOPMENT PLANNING

� DEMONSTRATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THETOOLS & THE METHOD IN LOCAL AREA PLANNING

FOCUS

PROMOTION OF R & D IN SPATIAL DATAGENERATION & MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY

DATABASE CREATION & DATA INTEGRATION

INFORMATION GENERATING TOOLS AND ITSAPPLICATION IN THE IDENTIFIED SECTORS

CAPACITY BUILDING AT THE LOCAL LEVEL

� Develop district level resource profiles on natural resourcesand allied sectors based on the concepts of GeographicalInformation System (GIS)

� Provide research and software support for data management,modelling and operation research

� Demonstrate the use of resource profiles and GISmethodology in local level planning

� Promote R&D in spatial data management technologies� Training of scientists and potential users� Forge linkages with users at different levels� Documentation and dissemination

Empowering people, communities andInstitutions of Local Governance

with requisite databases and S & T toolsfor informed participation inDecision-making processes

AchievementsAchievements

• Improved procedures for data collection, collation andprocessing

• GRAM++ package - Core GRAM, GRAMNET, Geo-SQL, andCusomised Modules – I/O, DPT, GRAM Viewer, GRAM Drishti

• Spatial Decision Support System for :- watershed management (GRAM SWAT)- energy management- infrastructure development

4. Pilot scale district level GIS databases developed anddemonstrated– stage reached for proliferation,

5, Availability of the Core Expertise in Spatial DataManagement in R&D institutions and concept champions atdistricts / states

6. Spatial development profiles / user specified applications.7. Training modules and kits for GIS and SDSS

NRDMS ACTIVITY LOCATIONS

N.Delhi

Bangalore

Bankura…………

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National Data Generating

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Natural Resources Data Management SystemNatural Resources Data Management System

Raw data

TopographyLanduseCensus

MeteorologySoil

Primary data……

DataConversion

DigitisingTabular data entry

IntegratedDatabase

DataHandlingGRAM++

MS-ACCESS

UserInterface District

officials,Local RepresentativesCommunities.

Trg. kits

Need Assessment

Availabledata

Data gap

NRDMS CENTERIIT, DELHI

SURVEY OF INDIANATMONRSAIMDNBSSLUPCENSUS OF INDIADISTRICT LINE DEPTS.PROJECTS

UNIVERSITY OF PUNEDST

IIT,BOMBAY

Spatial Resource Profile

Query

Model(Static)

Model(Dynamic

)

Devp.Plan

Feedback

Map

Natural Resources Data Management SystemNatural Resources Data Management System

Raw data

TopographyLanduseCensus

MeteorologySoil

Primary data……

DataConversion

DigitisingTabular data entry

IntegratedDatabase

DataHandlingGRAM++

MS-ACCESS

UserInterface District

officials,Local RepresentativesCommunities.

Trg. kits

Need Assessment

Availabledata

Data gap

NRDMS CENTERIIT, DELHI

SURVEY OF INDIANATMONRSAIMDNBSSLUPCENSUS OF INDIADISTRICT LINE DEPTS.PROJECTS

UNIVERSITY OF PUNEDST

IIT,BOMBAY

Spatial Resource Profile

Query

Model(Static)

Model(Dynamic

)

Devp.Plan

Feedback

ApplicationDescription

ApplicationDescription

ApplicationDescription

ApplicationDescription

ConceptualData Model

ConceptualData Model

EnduserInterview

Guidelines ofSchemes / Programmes

ModellingStudies

Higher OrderPlan Requirement

ConceptualData Model

ConceptualData Model

IntegratedConceptualData Model

Strategy for GIS Database design

IntegratedPhysical

Data Model

Logical Model

NRDMS database

1. Core DataNatural resourcesDemographyAgro-economyInfrastructureBoundariesMiscellaneous items (Developmental Information)

2. Data for DSSWater conservationLand use planningEnergy planningLocation / allocation of facilities

Natural Resources -

a) Land b) Water c) Climate

Demography -Population, Literacy, Educational level, Occupation,

Employment

Agro-economy -

Land utilization, Land ownership pattern, Area underprinciple crops, Irrigation,Agriculture implements,Animal husbandry

Socio-economy - Industry, Development activity

Infrastructure -Communication, Drinking water, Educational facility,

Financial institutions, Markets, Medical facilities, Transport,Veternary services, Recreation and Tourism, Non-Govt.organisations

MiscellaneousAdministration b) Prices and wages c) Environment

� GIS database integration technique� GRAM-Drishti� GRAM-Viewer� GRAM-SWAT - DSS for watershed management� ECOLAND� DSS for energy planning� DSS for infrastructure location / allocation (PDS, Primaryeducation)� GIS tutor� GRAM++ Tutor�Language Interface

Thrust area groups

• Spatial Data Technology

• Land and water management

• Large scale data acquisition

• Technology transfer and capacity building

Why Land and Water Management- Local Levelplanning under NRDMS ?

Water

-Scarcity-Equitable Distribution

Land

- Optimum LUP

•Local Technical Capacity building to support WatershedManagement Programme

• Watershed management Policy

NATIONAL WATER POLICY

• The prime requisite for resource planning is a well developed information system. A

standardised national information system should be established with a network of

databanks and databases, integrating and strengthening the existing Central and State

level agencies improving the quality of data and the processing capabilities through

suitable legislation for the purpose.

• Comprehensive and reliable projections of future demands and supply of water

resources for diverse purposes is the back-one of any realistic planning of water

resources.

• Special efforts should be made to develop and continuously upgrade technological

capability to collect, process and disseminate reliable data in the desired time frame.

• Water Information Bill (draft) - Network of data banksand data bases, integrating and strengthening the existingCentral and State Level agencies and improving quality ofdata and processing capabilities are stressed

•National Commission for Integrated Water ResourcesDevelopment Plan (Sept. 1999) - To prepare an IntegratedWater Resources Development Plan for the country hasidentified important inputs needed in the WatershedPlanning of the future.

•Common Approach /Principles of Watershed Development – The watershed programme has been categorised into two major components:Development Component: consists of two sub-components, namely, Natural Resource Management and Production System Management

Management Component

• Technology Policy:

Research and Development Focus\Thrust areas (Issues)

Research Goal

- To strengthen the S&T inputs in developing toolsand techniques for integrated land and water for capacitybuilding at various levels for planning and implementation in aspatial-temporal context at local level..

Research Objectives

The initiative will support research that focuses on:

understanding the systemic factors that lead to environmentaldegradation or, conversely, to the improvement of land and waterresources;building on and improving local strategies for sustainable production andconservation;Conceputalising establishment of networks for the use and exchange ofinformation to aid policymakers, communities, and researchers foroptimal utilization of resources.Developing tools & techniques in spatial context for sustainabledevelopment.Capacity building at various levels for planning & implementation atmicro level.

Available NRDMS Tools and Techniques for Watershed Management• Methodology for integrated data base develop- ment.2. Watershed management data base system. 3. GRAM++ and allied controls & tools for customisation.4. Tool for locating water harvesting structure.5. Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSSs)- AVSWAT, GRAMSWAT. • ECOLAND with language interface- DSS for land use planning at local level.• “Hydrology of small watersheds” sub-programme.

OBJECTIVES OF “HYDROLOGY OFSMALL WATERSHED” PROGRAMME

1.To generate data on hydro-meteorological, soil, nutrients and process related parameters at small watershed level in different agro-ecological zones of the country through instrumentation. 2. To carry out modeling studies on small watershed hydrology 3. To develop SDSS for land and water management at small watershed scale. 4. To assess the impact of on-site and off-site management structures for soil and water conservation.

Site locations for coordinated programme on "Hydrology of Small watersheds"

k

k

ChandrabhagaDanda

k

DudhiBewas

k

kRampatna

kPaykara

KhujiaIlok I

LEGENDTreated WatershedsUn-treated Watersheds

NRDMS - DST

Waikhulok

Pundlu

Madpuria

Deliverables at the end of the programme period 1. Database for land and water management at small watershed level for

different Agro-climatic regions.2. Standardised methodology for i) Hydrologic monitoring of small watershedsii) Procedure for data analysisiii) Methodology for land and water management plan preparation 3. Bio-physical indicators for small watershed monitoring4. Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) for watershed management.

5. Tools/methods for regiolisation to other small watersheds of the same agro-ecological region.

Why GIS in Watershed Management?

•The integrated nature of activities and informationinvolved in watershed management

•complex and information intensive task of collation andgeneration of data relating to local resources-both naturaland otherwise, demography, socio economy and theappropriate tool for integrating them.

•Due to the spatial nature of the resources involved inwatershed management and need for handling attributedata associated with them.

Approach/Methodology•Selection of a pair of Treated and Untreated watershedsin different agro-ecological zones.• Instrumentation of the watersheds to generate data• Generation of GIS database for the watersheds• Interaction with watershed management groups/authorities• Collection of population and livestock data to estimate water demand• Calculating Rainfall-runoff relationship and water balance to estimate the supply scenario.• Generating water management plan for the watersheds• Regionalisation to other Small WS of same AC zone• SDSS to generate alternate water managementscenarios• Impact assessment study of on-site and off-siteconservation activities.

Hydrology of Small WatershedsThe watersheds being monitored would be developed as “benchmarkwatersheds” for long-term detailed monitoring for land and waterparameters.

Outputs of the studies of the current phase – * Integrated database for water sector at small watershed level, * Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) for watershed

management, * Scientific indices for impact assessment of watershed management programmes * User manual for using the database and SDSSs will be

disseminated to the different level of users and decision makersthrough training and capacity building activities.

Five more projects will be taken up in uncovered suitable representativeagro-climatic regions. Preference will be given to cover the droughtprone areas.Evolve criteria for prioritization of treatment programmes in smallwatersheds.

Models selected by the groups

SWAMIN & SWAMREGCAZRI,Jodhpur

WMS, SWATNIH,Roorkee

Regression Eqns andTANK model.

CWRDM,Kozikode

SWAT and ANSWERSRRL, Bhopal

Have the objectives of developing methodologies for decentralising planning

to the Local Level as provided in the 73rd/74th Amendments, 1992 & 1993

been already achieved ?

Where are the gaps ?

•Technological• Data, models

• Institutional• Technical back-up at local level

• Attitudinal• Demonstration, training, technology transfer,Capacity building (related to institutions)

• Social / behavioural

Addressing the gaps

•Upgradation of databasesHigh resolution maps, imageries, on-line data updation,Involvement of local people / communities in dataUpdation and maintenance, web-enabled access to information

•Upgradation of spatial data management and processing toolsDevelopment of core technologies of GIS, process modelsfor sectoral applications e.g. land & water management, ecological modelling etc.

•Technology transfer and capacity building for local levelplanning

Thrust area groups

• Spatial Data Technology

• Land and water management

• Large scale data acquisition

• Technology transfer and capacity building

Available Technologies

Users’

Need

Customisation asPer usersrequirements

Proliferation for usage

Data Collection&DatabaseDevelopment

InformationGeneration(Toolsand Technologies)

TechnologyTransfer

TechnicalCapactiyBuilding

3 Main Phases for Technologies for Watershed Management& 2 Proposed Frameworks

Framework1

Framework2

Need of software and R&D support in Watershed Management Programme:

- Design and estimate of water harvesting structure - Location of water harvesting structure (optimization between

scientific and social recommendations) - At operational scale validity of watershed delineation, whether to

be based on contour or boundary - Whether to follow strictly Ridge – to – valley approach or not - Dynamic mechanism for improving the S&T input into watershed

programme & to build a feedback mechamism. - Development of database on layers for watershed management

and knowledge base to capture the ground level variability. - Mechanism to improve farmers’ level of confidence in

Governmental Institutions project formulation - Articulate need of Ground Water recharge and way of replicating

them. - Motivation to be given by DST to technical institutions who are

willing to take up as PIAs. Regarding this frequent technicalmeeting of such national institutions should be organized.

Hierarchy of Target Groups Identified

End-user Groups Local Level(Watershed Committees, Groups, (Project ImplementationSelf-help groups etc.) Agencies,NGOs etc.)

Local Technical Institutions (Colleges, Technical Inst.etc.)

National Level Institutions( Universities, IITs,NIRD, MANAGE,NERIWALM ETC.)

UTTAR PRADESH

U.P.RSACLucknow

SIRD, Lucknow

SCST,Harryana

SIRD,Nilokheri

Manipur,Univ

NIRD-NERC,Guwahati

WBSCST,CSME,

DO Extn.,BCKV

KU&UPRSAC

BhartidasanUniv& Anna Univ.

DO.Extn.TNAU

SRAC,Jodhpur

SIRDJaipur

KSCST

SIRD, Mysore

SCST,Sikkim

SIRD,Sikkim

S&TCNagaland

NIRD-NERCGuwahati

SCS&T, HP

SAMETI,MashobraShimla

PRSAC&Scs&tPunjab

SRSCGoa

SG Inst.S&TIndore

MPAABhopal

YashadaPune

Ciphetpau

IIT,Delhi

IIT, Bombay

CEERIPilani

SFRKolkata

PuneUniv.

CWRDMKozhikode

RRL,Bhopal

CAZRIJodhpur

ManipurUniv Nih

Roorkee

Others..

SuggestedStrategy forTechnologyTransfer

Center

State

District (MDT)

DRDA/Agri./Horti/Forest

Project ImplementationAgencies(PIA)

Watershed DevelopmentTeam (WDT)

HierarchyOf WatershedManagement

Watershed programme deals with three major components:

• Assessment and development of natural resources.

2. Improved management of farmed production system( of land owning families).

3. Improved management of non-farm based livelihoods (of land less and Small/marginal holding families)

Possible intervention from NRDMS technologies in preparation ofStrategic Plan preparation under watershed programme

• Assessing the present status of natural resources (spatially)1.1 Area under each type of land resource- a)private and b) comm1.2 Extent of soil erosion (quantitatively )1.3 Drainage map with location of conservations structures.1.4 Location of water harvesting structures on drainage1.5 Area under different sources of irrigation(also functional or non-functional wells)1.6 Present status of ground water extraction and recharge.1.7 Present condition of trees in common land.

2.MIS regarding allocation of funds for different sub-component Related to natural resource development.

Source: Natural Resource Development, Framework for preparation of strategic Plan.MANAGE & APRLP.

Strategy

•Customisation of the tools

• Generation of data sets with the involvement ofCommunities, PRIs, NGOs

• Improving data accessability by packaging relevant data sets with tools

* Preparation of training kits and modules for different

MultilingualLanguageConvertorInteface

Training of theend-users

Information NeedAssessment of the

Watershed Managers

Development of anIntegrated database

as per design

Application/ Develo-pment of GIS-based

tools

Spatial DecisionSupport SystemFor Watershed

Management

Comprehensive Watershed Technology- NRDMS Approach

Purpose of the Meeting:

1.To get feed back on NRDMS technologies to make them more effective in serving the user communities.

2.To formulate a strategy for customization, transfer

and proliferation of NRDMS technologies to local level users.

3.To prepare a project formulation frame work for the

above purpose.

THANK YOU!Contact e-mail:psa@alpha.nic.in

Web Site:www.nrdms.nic.in

LINK

� Classifying panchayats of Manasa block,Neemuch District (Madhya Pradesh)into four classes according to itspopulation using the GRAM++ Control(ClassRenderer)

Classifying panchayats of Manasa block, Neemuch District (MadhyaPradesh) into four classes according to its population using theGRAM++ Control (ClassRenderer)

Searching for Panchayats lying on a circle in Manasa block, NeemuchDistrict (Madhya Pradesh) using GRAM++ control (Spatial Renderer)

GRAM Viewer

Main modules of the GIS Tutor

Sample screen from

the GIS Tutor

Some Real Life Planning Applications

Identification andLocation of Water

HarvestingStructures:

Chhagalkuta Watershed,Bankura , West Bengal

Inputs

Spatial Tabular

*1mt. Contour map *Precipitation. *land use * Runoff *geomorphology * Depth to water level

Pre-monsoon water table mapPost-monsoon water table mapGround Water contour map

.

N

RECHARGE ZONE DISCHARGE ZONE MAPOf CHAGALKUTTA WATERSHED

DISCHARGEZONE

RECHARGEZONE

SCHOOL OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH

2001

PRE MONSOON POST MONSOON

Water harvesting structures sites

SCHOOL OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARC