october 15, 20151 the cell. october 15, 20152 animal cell structure animal cell 1.no cell wall 2.no...
Post on 01-Jan-2016
220 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
April 20, 2023 1
THE CELL
April 20, 2023 2
Animal Cell Structure
Animal Cell1.no cell wall2.no
chloroplasts3.no central
vacuole4.has centrioles
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membraneSER
exocytosis
cytoskeleton
golgi apparatus
RER (ribosomes)
vacuole
nuclear membrane
nucleolus
nuclear porechromosomeslysosomeflagella
centrioles
April 20, 2023 3
Plant Cell Structure
Plant Cell1.cell wall2.chloroplasts3.a large central
vacuole4.no centrioles
cytoplasm
mitochondria
cell membrane
SER
cell wall
cytoskeleton
golgi apparatus
RER (ribosomes)
vacuole
nuclear membrane
nucleolusnuclear pore
chromosomes
chloroplast
Structures of a CellHow many do you remember?Close all books and notes : )
April 20, 2023 4
nucleolus
nucleoplasm (chromosomes)nuclear pores
nuclear membrane
small vacuole
secretory vesicles
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
smooth endoplasmic reticulumrough endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
cytoskeleton
cell membrane
cell wall
centrioles
large vacuole
lysosome
chloroplast
cilia / flagellum
cytoplasm
ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL
Switch with a partner!Place a small checkmark next to the correct answers.
Put their score out of 20 in the right hand corner.
1. 11. 2. 12.3. 13. 4. 14. 5. 15.6. 16.7. 17.8. 18.9. 19.10. 20.
nucleolus
nucleoplasm (chromosomes)
nuclear pores
nuclear membrane
small vacuole
secretory vesicles
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
cytoskeleton
cell membrane
cell wall
centrioles
large vacuole
lysosome
chloroplast
cilia / flagellum
cytoplasm
VIDEO
April 20, 2023 7
April 20, 2023 8
Plasma MembraneAlso called the cell
membrane
The plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
Fluid Mosaic Model of Cell Membrane
9
protein channeltunnels that allow water or specific small ions in/out of cell
April 20, 2023
PLASMA MEMBRANE
carbohydrate
globular protein
phospholipid
fatty acid tails
(hydrophobic)
phosphate head
(hydrophilic)protein channel
Fluid Mosaic Model
April 20, 2023 11
Plasma Membrane - Proteins
Cytoskeleton
microtubules
microfilaments
mitochondrion
Functions of microfilaments and microtubules:
1. support the cell 2. make up centrioles 3. make up cilia & flagella
April 20, 2023 13
General Structure of a CellCells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
Cells are bathed in an aqueous solution called extracellular fluid.
There are many different kinds of cells, which are specialized to carry out particular functions.
In spite of this, cells have many common features.
TEXTBOOKS
• Please go take a textbook and return to your seat. (stretch while you are standing)
• Start by reading Page 8… The Transmission Electron MicroscopeThe Scanning Electron MicroscopeMake Jot Notes on those two sections.(3 points about each)Page # 9 complete # 4, 5
April 20, 2023 14
General Structure of a Cell
Cell PartPlant, animal or both
Function
cell membrane
•semi-permeable•controls what enters/leaves•composed of phospholipid bilayer, proteins, carbohydrates (fluid mosaic model)
cell wall •tough rigid outer boundary•protection
cytoplasm both •Cytosol (aqueous solution) and cell organelles outside the nucleus .
•make proteins
both
plant
ribosomes
both
General Structure of a Cell
Cell PartPlant, animal or both
Function
smooth endoplasmic
reticulum (SER)
both •canals throughout cytoplasm to transport materials•make fats
•canals with ribosomes attached (area for protein synthesis)
Golgi apparatus
•stacks of membranes which modify protein for secretion (export)•packages them into vesicles
lysosomes animal •contain enzymes (proteins) that can break down molecules (food, bacteria, wastes, the cell itself)
rough endoplasmic
reticulum (RER)
both
both
General Structure of a Cell
Cell PartPlant, animal or both
Function
Mitochondria(write at the
bottom)
both •powerhouse of the cell •produces energy (cellular respiration)
animal •a pair of cylinders that aid in cell division
plastids plant •free-floating membrane-bound sac for storageexample:chloroplast photosynthesis
both •large (plants), small (animals) membrane-bound sacs filled with water•Turgor pressure
centrioles
vacuoles
General Structure of a Cell
Cell PartPlant, animal or both
Function
•control centre of the cell•directs all of the cell’s activities
nuclear membrane
both
•porous double membrane•separates nucleus from cytoplasm
nucleoplasm •A mixture of chemicals that stores information•rich in nucleic acids
nucleolus •dense body in the centre of the nucleus thought to make ribosomes
both
nucleus both
both
General Structure of a Cell
Cell PartPlant, anima
l or
both
Function
•genetic material•contains instruction for what proteins to make
DNA occurs in two forms:
1. chromatin – long & thin
(when cell is not dividing)
2. chromosomes – short & thick
(during cell division)
BothDNA
CHLOROPLASTDo on your own!
PRE-LAB: OBSERVING CELLSRecall: Microscope usage
Proper Biological Diagrams
Preparing Slides
Your Task: Prepare a slide and draw a proper biological diagram of each of the following cells. TOTAL 4 DIAGRAMS
Type of Cell Stain Used
cheek cell methylene blue
potato cell iodine
tomato cell no stain
red onion cell no stain
PROPER BIOLOGICAL DIAGRAMSName
DateType of Cell (stain used)
label 1
label 2
label 3
Total Magnification
i.e. 400 X
Note:
•Use blank white paper
•Use pencil
•Use a ruler
•No colouring
•No shading
•No arrows
•Labels must line up vertically
•Label lines are parallel
(Label lines do NOT cross)
LAB: OBSERVING CELLSYour Task: Write a Formal Lab Report.
Note: Discussion questions (1 – 3) are as follows.
1. What cell organelles were stained by methylene blue in cheek cells?
2. What cell organelles were you unable to find? Suggest two possible reasons for
this.
3. Summarize in chart form the similarities and differences between plant and
animal cells based on what you examined in this lab. Include differences in cell
sizes in your answer.
FORMAL LAB REPORT
All formal lab reports must include the following:
Title Page
Title of the Lab
SBI 3C
Your Name
Partner’s Name
Ms. Kerr
Date
centred on the page
in the bottom right-hand corner
FORMAL LAB REPORTAll formal lab reports must include the following:
Purpose: One sentence stating the reason for doing the lab.
Materials: A list of what you used during the lab.
Procedure: A set of numbered steps. (Instructions)
Observations: Biological diagrams and/or a chart with written observations.
Discussion Questions: Answer all discussion questions using complete sentences.
Conclusion: Briefly comment on the results of the lab
(Make sure it relates to the purpose specifically.)
Lab # 1 Observing Cells
DUE : February 9, 2010
April 20, 2023 25
General Structure of a CellHomework• Page 15 # 2, 3, 4, 5 ( we can do these together)
Finish work from Tuesday:The microscope lab – hand in up until Friday
Page 8 jot notes SEM and TEMPage 9 # 4 & 5
top related