nutrition labelling: understanding and use of nutrition facts tables among young people in canada
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Nutrition Labelling: Understanding and Use of Nutrition Facts Tables among Young People in Canada
Erin HobinPublic Health OntarioMay 28, 2014
Erin.Hobin@oahpp.ca
PublicHealthOntario.ca
Background• Dietary patterns are associated with nutrition-related chronic
diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer
• Poor dietary patterns among adolescents and young adults in Canada
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• Not a single published study in Canada has examined the understanding and use of NFts among young people
Previous Research
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Primary Research ObjectiveTo investigate if and how young people in Canada comprehend and use serving size and %DV information on the current and
modified NFts when choosing and comparing foods.
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STUDY 1 used qualitative methods to explore the process by which young people engage with, understand, and use serving size and %DV information on the current and modified NFts.
STUDY 2 consists of a quantitative survey with 2,000 participants between the ages of 16-24 years from across Canada.
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Stimulus Conditions
Current Serving Sizes Standard Serving Sizes
% Daily Value (%DV) only Condition #1 - control Condition #2
% Daily Value (%DV) + HIGH / LOW Descriptors**
Condition #3 Condition #4
% Daily Value (%DV) + HIGH / LOW Descriptors** + Colour
Condition #5 Condition #6
**HIGH = ≥ 15% DV per serving; LOW = ≤ 5% DV per serving
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CONDITION #5
Product A Product BNutrition Facts / Valeur NutritivePer: 19 crackers (20g) /par 19 craquelins (20g)Amount Teneur
% Daily Value% valeur quotidienne
Calories / Calories 100Fat / Lipides 3.5g 5% Saturated/ saturates 1g 5% + Trans / trans 0g
Cholesterol/ Cholesterol 5mg Sodium/Sodium 200mg 13%
Carbohydrate/ Glucides 22g 4%
Fibre 1.7g 4% Sugars 1.7g Protein 5g Vit A/Vit A 2%Vit C/Vit C 0%Calcium/Calcium 6%Iron/Fer 6%
% DV = LOW/BAS MED/MOY HIGH/HAUT
Nutrition Facts / Valeur NutritivePer: 7 crackers (30g) /par 7 craquelins (30g)Amount Teneur
% Daily Value% valeur quotidienne
Calories / Calories 145Fat / Lipides 2.6g 4% Saturated/ saturates 0.8g 4% + Trans / trans 0g
Cholesterol/ Cholesterol 4mg Sodium/Sodium 60mg 4%Carbohydrate/ Glucides 19g 6%
Fibre 1g 0% Sugars 5g Protein 2g Vit A/Vit A 0%Vit C/Vit C 0%Calcium/Calcium 0%Iron/Fer 6%% DV = LOW/BAS MED/MOY HIGH/HAUT
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STUDY 1Design Overview:
• Verbal Protocol + semi-structured interviews within randomized stimulus conditions and asked to “think aloud” while participating in 2 Behavioural Tasks
• 26 participants • 50% 16 – 18 years / 19 – 24 years• 50% Male / Female • June – August 2013
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Task #1 – Hypothetical purchase situation• Price and taste are most important factors
when choosing foods.“Get more, get a better bang for my buck.”
• The nutrition information on the NFt considered when choosing foods varies between participants.
“I mean I don’t personally know too much about like the pros and cons of different vitamins, and different stuff.”
• Simple at-a-glance symbols and colours can support interpretation of nutrition information.
“There is a term next to calories that I noticed immediately when scanning the box. I have never seen both those terms before.”
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Task #2: Functional Survey with NFts
“More than the other product.”
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Task #2: Functional Survey with NFts• Do not know what the daily recommended amount is for
different nutrients and were unable to use %DV information.
“I don’t know what the daily value is.”
• Using the same metrics (e.g., %DV) for positive nutrients (e.g., calcium) and negative nutrients (e.g., saturated fat) may cause confusion for participants.
“You should always get 100% DV.”
• Participants randomized to the NFt conditions with standard serving sizes performed significantly better on survey tasks requiring comparisons across products.
“More than the other product.”
• No sense of whether high amounts of saturated fat are a good or bad thing; however, participants randomized to the NFt conditions with simple descriptors or colour coded %DV information performed significantly better on survey task requiring interpretation of %DV information.
“High” indicates high amount.”
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Key take-away message• Standard serving sizes across similar products can support
food choices and more prescriptive information leaves less for interpretation and places information into context.
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Relevance• Aligned with several food-related
recommendations made in the Healthy Kids Report section 2.5.
• Results can provide evidence to support more effective regulatory changes to Nutrition Facts tables.
• Translate findings to communicating nutrition information on front-of-package and menu labelling initiatives.
• Guide school curricula.
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Next Steps• Conduct Study 2 – online survey with
2,000 participants across Canada
• Expose participants to same 6 experimental conditions testing current NFT compared to standardized serving sizes and simple descriptors and colours to interpret %DV information
• Specific applications of NFt such as more prominent display of calories, including “added sugars” information
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RESEARCH TEAM
Food and Nutrition
Experimental Design and Survey Methods
Qualitative Methods and Think Aloud
• Dr. David Hammond Associate Professor, U Waterloo
• Dr. Erin Hobin Scientist, Public Health Ontario
• Dr. Judy Sheeshka RD, Professor, Victoria University
• Ms. Mary Fodor O’Brien RD, Public Health Ontario
• Dr. Gail McVey Scientist, Hospital for Sick Kids
Young People
TIMELINE: September 2012 through to July 2014
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ACKNOWLEDEMENTS
Funding for this study was provided through a Research in Action grant from:
Dr. Grace Shen-Tu, practicum student at PHO
Christine White, Program Manager, Propel Centre for Population Health Impact
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E: Erin.Hobin@oahpp.caT: 647-260-7198
Thank you for listening
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• Do not know what the daily recommended amount is for different nutrients and were unable to use %DV information.
Task #2: Functional Survey with NFts
“I don’t know what the daily value is.”
PublicHealthOntario.ca
Task #2: Functional Survey with NFts• Using the same metrics (e.g., %DV) for positive nutrients (e.g., calcium) and
negative nutrients (e.g., saturated fat) may cause confusion for participants.
“You should always get 100% DV.”
PublicHealthOntario.ca
Task #2: Functional Survey with NFts• Participants randomized to the NFt conditions with simple descriptors or colour coded
%DV information performed significantly better on survey task requiring interpretation of %DV information.
“High” indicates high amount.”
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