nutrients & nutrition
Post on 12-Jan-2015
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What Is Nutrition-Nutrient: A chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body.-Nutrition: The study of how your body uses the food that you eat.-Malnutrition: is the lack of the right proportions of nutrients over an extended period
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What is a Nutrient(A nutrient is a chemical substance in
food that helps maintain the body.) Some provide energy. All help build cells and tissues, regulate bodily processes such as breathing. No single food supplies all the nutrients the body needs to function.
Deficiency Disease: failure to meet your nutrient needs.
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Vitamins Minerals Water Protein Carbohydrates Fats
Sugars
Cellulosewww.makemegenius.com
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CarbohydratesThe body’s chief source of energySugar
Simple CarbohydratesGlucose: BloodFructose: FruitGalactose: MilkSucroce: Table sugar
StarchesComplex Carbohydrates
Fiber
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FatsImportant energy source
Lipid family which includes fats and oilsHydrogenation: adds hydrogen atoms to
unsaturated fatty acids (liquid) turning them into more saturated solid fatsCrisco and margarine sticks
Cholesterol: fatlike substance found in every cell in the bodyImportant… found in skin tissue, produces
hormonesTwo types: Dietary and Blood
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ProteinsProvide energy, encourage growth and tissue
repairMade up of small units called amino acids
20 important to the human body: 9 your body can’t make and 11 it can
Complete protein: animal foods and soyIncomplete proteins: plant foods
Must pair 2 foods together: beans and rice
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VitaminsAre complex organic substances
Normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction
Your body cannot produce all vitamins you can get those by eating a nutritious diet.
Fat-soluble vitamins: carried in fatty parts of foods and dissolve in fats (body stores them in fat... build up can be dangerous)
Water-soluble vitamins: dissolve in water (body does not store them)
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Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin AVitamin DVitamin EVitamin K
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Water-Soluble VitaminsVitamin B-Complex
Thiamin (vitamin B1)Riboflavin (vitamin B2)Niacin (nicotinamide,
nicotinic acid) Vitamin B6
(pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine)
Folacin (folic acid) Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
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MineralsIn addition to vitamins your body also
needs 15 minerals that help regulate cell function and provide structure for cells. Major minerals, in terms of amount present, include calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. In addition, your body needs smaller amounts of chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, zinc, chloride, potassium and sodium.
Amounts needed for most of these minerals is quite small and excessive amounts can be toxic to your body.
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WaterWater is your body's most important nutrient,
is involved in every bodily function, and makes up 70- 75% of your total body weight. Water helps you to maintain body temperature, metabolize body fat, aids in digestion, lubricates and cushions organs, transports nutrients, and flushes toxins from your body.
Everyone should drink at least 64 ounces per day, and if you exercise or are overweight, even more. Your blood is approximately 90% water and is responsible for transporting nutrients and energy to muscles and for taking waste from tissues.
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Nutrients that have Calories: Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
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Definition of a Calorie:o A unit of measure for energy in food
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Calories per gram:
Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories
Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories
Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories
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