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EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT Monitoring weather and climate from space
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Slide: 2
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT objectives
• The primary objective is to establish, maintain and exploit European systems of operational meteorological satellites
• A further objective is to contribute to the operational monitoring of the climate as well as the detection of global climatic changes
• Furthermore, environmental issues which drive or are driven by meteorological conditions are considered
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Slide: 3
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT’s mission is….
To deliver operational satellite data and products that meet the meteorological and climate data requirements of its Member States, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, through decades
This is carried out taking into account the recommendations of
the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
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Slide: 4
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Weather forecasting
Value of weather forecasting to economy is > 20 times budget of public weather
service
Contribution from satellite data > 35%
(source: Case for Space Final Report, UK Space 2006)
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Slide: 5
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Safety of life, property and infrastructure…
Transport … .... Energy, agriculture, tourism....
... and climate policy and environment protection
Benefit areas
….... ......
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Slide: 6
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
What we do
European Industry
Satellite development & procurement
agency
Operational Agency
Other Users
National Meteorological
Services
Interface with Users Requirements ownership and engineering Overall system design Development of ground segment Procurement of launch services Operations, products & services
REQUIREMENTS
DELIVERY
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Slide: 7
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Impact of satellite data on medium range NWP
Slide: 7
(Source : ECMWF)
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Slide: 8
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Impact of satellite data on short range NWP
Slide: 8
Relative Contribution of Observations to NWP forecast
3.1
15.3
13.2
9.9
5.9
7.9
20.4
24.3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Ob
serv
ati
on
Typ
es
Relative Observation Impact[%]
METOP
NOAA
OTHER LEO
GEO
AIRCRAFT
SONDE
SFC LAND
SFC SEA
(Source : UK Met Office)
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Slide: 9
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT space segment
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 YEAR...
METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION
METEOSAT-6
METEOSAT-7
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
METEOSAT-8
METEOSAT-9
METEOSAT-10
METEOSAT-11
METEOSAT THIRD GENERATION
MTG-l-1
MTG-S-1
MTG-l-2
MTG-l-3
MTG-S-2
MTG-l-4
EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)
METOP-A
METOP-B
METOP-C
EPS SECOND GENERATION
OCEAN SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY MISSION
JASON-2
JASON-3
JASON CONTINUITY OF SERVICES (CS)
THIRD-PARTY PROGRAMMES
GMES SENTINEL-3
GMES SENTINEL-4 ON MTG
GMES SENTINEL-5 ON EPS SECOND GENERATION
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Slide: 10
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT headquarters
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Slide: 11
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT as a user-governed organisation
Administration
Operations
Strategy & International Relations
Quality Assurance
Director-General
Programme Development
Financial Control
Advisory Committee
f Cooperating States
(EACCS)
Data Policy Group (DPG)
Administrative & Finance Group
(AFG)
Scientific & Technical Group (STG)
Policy Advisory Committe (PAC)
EUMETSAT Council
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Slide: 12
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
26 Member States & 5 Cooperating States
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
AUSTRIA BELGIUM
DENMARK FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY
GREECE IRELAND ITALY
UNITED KINGDOM TURKEY
SWITZERLAND SWEDEN SPAIN
PORTUGAL
NORWAY NETHERLANDS LUXEMBOURG
CROATIA
POLAND
HUNGARY
LATVIA
SLOVENIA
Member States
ROMANIA
CZECH REPUBLIC
LITHUANIA
BULGARIA ESTONIA ICELAND
Cooperating States
SERBIA
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Slide: 13
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Member States scale of contributions 2012-2014
GERMANY
UNITED KINGDOM
FRANCE
ITALY
SPAIN
THE NETHERLANDS
SWITZERLAND
BELGIUM
SWEDEN
TURKEY
NORWAY
DENMARK
GREECE
FINLAND
PORTUGAL
IRELAND
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
18.88%
14.76%
14.02%
11.63%
7.92%
4.38%
2.56%
2.62%
2.51%
2.69%
2.17%
1.76%
1.72%
1.38%
1.25%
1.15%
0.45%
CROATIA 0.34%
AUSTRIA 2.08%
SLOVENIA
0.22%
Cooperating States:
BULGARIA: 0.24%
ESTONIA: 0.11%
ICELAND: 0.07%
LITHUANIA: 0.22%
SERBIA: 0.21%
LUXEMBOURG
0.16%
HUNGARY 0.72%
LATVIA
POLAND
0.27%
2.43%
CZECH REPUBLIC 0.98%
ROMANIA 0.95%
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Slide: 14
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Expenditure 2011 (MEUR)
GMES SENTINEL-3 – 7.4
JASON-3 – 26.5
MTG*– 56.0
EPS – 112.0
MTG PP – 5.3
Total Expenditure 2011: MEUR 306.5
GB – 33.0
* Budget pending entry into force of the programmes
MTP – 6.2
MSG – 55.6
JASON-2 – 4.1
EC-UCURDP – 0.4
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Slide: 15
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Staff nationalities 2011
GERMANY - 26.17%
SLOVAK REPUBLIC – 0.39%
HUNGARY– 0.39%
NORWAY – 0.78%
AUSTRIA – 1.17%
FINLAND – 1.17%
PORTUGAL – 1.56%
SWEDEN– 1.56%
TURKEY – 1.95%
IRELAND – 2.34%
DENMARK– 2.73%
THE NETHERLANDS – 3.13%
BELGIUM – 3.52%
SPAIN – 8.20%
FRANCE – 16.80%
UNITED KINGDOM – 14.06%
ITALY – 12.50%
GREECE – 0.78%
SWITZERLAND – 0.78%
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Slide: 16
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
357.7
267.6
327.1
169.2
276.3
451.7
332.7
263.2
318.5
386.0
0
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500
20
00
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MS
G-1
MS
G-2
Me
tOp
A
Ja
so
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Me
tOp
B
Ja
so
n-3
MS
G-3
Me
tOp
C
MS
G-4
MT
G-I
-1
JA
S C
S 1
MT
G-S
-1
Satellite Launches
Budgets 2000-2011 & Financial Plan 2012-2031 Contributions at 2012 economic conditions (MEUR)
(Approved Programmes, EPS-SG PP, EPS-SG, Post MTG and Jason CS)
Current Financial Planning 2012-2031
Slide: 16
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Slide: 17
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT ground segment overview
EUMETSAT geostationary systems Meteosat satellites
Jason-2 Optional programme for ocean altimetry
EUMETSAT Polar System Metop satellites
Data acquisition and control
Pre-processing EUMETSAT HQ
Data Centre EUMETSAT HQ Darmstadt
Meteorological product extraction EUMETSAT HQ Darmstadt
Satellite Application Facilities within the Member States
Third-party
data sources
Data dissemination via EUMETCast
Applications Ground Segment
Centralised processing and generation of products
Decentralised processing and generation of products
Users
Flight Operations
NOAA satellites
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Slide: 18
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT acquisition and control ground segment
Meteosat antenna Usingen, Germany
Meteosat antenna Fucino, Italy
Metop antenna Spitzbergen, Norway
Jason antenna Usingen, Germany
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Slide: 19
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETCast coverage
EUMETCAST AMERICAS
NSS-806, C-BAND
EUMETCAST EUROPE
EB-9, KU-BAND
EUMETCAST AFRICA
AB-3, C-BAND
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Slide: 20
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
... Including Satellite Application Facilities (SAFs)
Cooperating State Member State
Support to Nowcasting and Very Short Range Forecasting Ocean and Sea Ice Climate Monitoring Numerical Weather Prediction Land Surface Analysis Ozone and Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring GRAS Meteorology Support to Operational Hydrology and Water Management SAF Consortium Member Additional Met Service Users
6
7
8
5
4
3
2
1
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EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT Monitoring weather and climate from space
Thank you
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Slide: 22
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT orbits
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Slide: 23
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Arctic circulation, ozone and UV
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Slide: 24
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Weather controlled dispersion of volcanic ash
Slide: 24
Eyjafjallajökull Ash cloud from 7 to 11 May Second eruption
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Slide: 25
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Climate change monitoring
Global average sea level rise (1870-2010) Source: University of Colorado, LEGOS/CNES
-150
-100
-50
0
50
1870 1890 1910 19301880 1900 1920 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
GLOBAL AVERAGE SEA LEVEL (mm)
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 20081995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 20102009
ALTIMETRIC MEAN SEA LEVEL (MERGED) TOPEX/POSEIDON60-DAY SMOOTINGRATE = 3.2 +-0.4 MM/YR JASON
-30-30
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Slide: 26
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT’s geostationary satellite coverage
Meteosat-9 (0° Longitude)
Meteosat-8 (9.5° E)
Meteosat-7 (57.5° E)
0 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 20
60 S
0
60 N
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Slide: 27
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Initial Joint Polar System shared with NOAA
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Slide: 28
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT role in the value adding chain
Slide: 28
Observation
systems & related services
Socio -economic Benefits
Numerical Prediction and
other NMS Systems
Decisions Diagnotics Forecasts Advice
Warnings
Support to decision
making
Delivery and value
Requirements
EMI: European Meteorological Infrastructure
Public & private decision makers Citizens
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Slide: 29
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Climate change monitoring
Global average sea level rise (1994-2010) Source: University of Colorado, LEGOS/CNES
- 3 0
- 2 0
- 1 0
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
1 9 9 4 1 9 9 6 1 9 9 8 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 6 2 0 0 8 1 9 9 5 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 7 2 0 1 0 2 0 0 9
A L T I M E T R I C M E A N S E A L E V E L ( M E R G E D )
T O P E X / P O S E I D O N
6 0 - D A Y S M O O T I N G
R A T E = 3 . 2 + - 0 . 4 M M / Y R
J A S O N
- 3 0 - 3 0
G L O B A L A V E R A G E S E A L E V E L ( m m )
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Slide: 30
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Number of Natural disasters
set off by severe weather
Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database
0
50
100
150
200
250
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
WILDFIRE
FLOOD
STORM
VOLCANO
EARTHQUAKE
DROUGHT
INSECT INFESTATION
LANDSLIDE
EXTREME TEMPERATURES
10
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Slide: 31
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Instrument contribution to Numerical Weather
Prediction error-reduction
Forecast error-reduction contribution (%)
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
O3 GOES-R MTSAT
MSG METEO- AMSRE AMSUB
MHS SSMI
GPS-RO IASI AIRS
AMSUA HIRS SCAT
MODIS METEO
GMS GOES
PILOT TEMP
DRIBU AIREP
SYNOP
Forecast sensitivity to observations 24-hour forecast error-reduction contribution (%) of the components (types) of the observing system during September – December 2008. (Source: ECMWF)
Ra
dia
nce
Clouds Track
Radar
In Situ
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Slide: 32
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
The EMI as a framework for optimum value and efficiency
European NM(H)S
EUMETSAT
(satellites)
ECMWF
EUMETNET/
EUCOS et al
EU
ME
TN
ET
Citizens and Decision makers
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Slide: 33
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Global meteorological satellite system
27-28
EUMETSAT SATELLITES
PARTNER SATELLITES
1-5
6
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21-25
28-29
16
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GOES-11, -12, -13, -14, -15 (USA)
METEOSAT-9 (EUMETSAT) 0oLongitude
METEOSAT-8 (EUMETSAT) 9.5oE
METEOSAT-7 (EUMETSAT) 57.5oE
METEOSAT-6 (EUMETSAT) 67.5oE
GOMS-2 (RUSSIA)
KALPANA-1 (INDIA)
FY-2D (CHINA)
INSAT-3A (INDIA)
FY-2E (CHINA)
FY-2C (CHINA)
COMS (SOUTH KOREA)
MTSAT-1R (JAPAN)
MTSAT-2 (JAPAN)
GEOSTATIONARY
LOW EARTH ORBIT
METOP-A (EUMETSAT)
JASON-2 (USA, EUROPE)
NOAA-15, -16, -17, -18, -19 (USA)
FY-1D (CHINA)
FY-3A (CHINA)
OCEANSAT-1, -2 (INDIA)
METEOR-M N1 (RUSSIA)
10
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Slide: 34
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Data sources distributed via EUMETCast
EUMETSAT as a global data provider
EUMETSAT
EUMETSAT SAF Network
ECMWF
NOAA/NESDIS
NASA
VITO
European Uplink Service
EuroBird-9 Users in Europe
African Turnaround Service
American Turnaround Service
AtlanticBird-3
NewSkies-806
Users in America
Users in Africa
WMO
Other
Deutscher Wetterdienst
Meteo France
Local/National users
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Slide: 35
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT ground segment
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9 10 11
Cooperating State Member State
EPS Ground Station, Svalbard MSG Ground Station and EUMETCast Uplink, Usingen EUMETSAT HQ, Mission Control Centre, Darmstadt EUMETCast African Turnaround Uplink, near Paris EUMETCast African Turnaround Reception Station, Madrid EPS Backup Control Centre, Madrid MTP Primary Ground Station and EUMETCast Turnaround Station, Fucino MSG Backup and Ranging Ground Station, Maspalomas MTP Backup Ground Station, Cheia ASCAT Transponder 1, Ankara Province ASCAT Transponder 2, Eskisehir Province ASCAT Transponder 3, Yozgat Province
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Slide: 36
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
The Multi-sensor Precipitation Estimate combines microwave observations provided by the SSM/I and SSMI/S instruments with Meteosat infrared imagery for the provision of rain rate estimates. 16 May 2006, Meteosat-7
Heavy Precipitation approaching Germany
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Slide: 37
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Tropical Storm Grace
Tropical storm Grace hit the Azores twice in October 2009 30 Sept. – 5 Oct. 2009
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Slide: 38
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Image of water vapour
Image vapeur d’eau (1h légale) MSG2, 24.01.2009 Source: Mèteo France
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Slide: 39
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Climate change monitoring
Source: NCDC/NESDIS/NOAA
Global average temperature anomaly over the ocean in Celsius
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20091880YEAR
°C
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Slide: 40
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Observations, forecast and warning
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Slide: 41
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Improved prediction of extreme weather
Polar low yearly frequency from STARS data (Source: met.no/ESA)
Picture: Polar Low 8 January 2010, a first-ever wintertime PL
north of Svalbard
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Slide: 42
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Convective rainfall and flash flood in Madeira
NWC SAF Product 20 February 2010
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Slide: 43
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Cold U-shaped storms over Southern Italy
Typically associated with severe weather such as heavy rain, hail and damaging winds. Meteosat-8 IR10.8 BT RSS - 02/09/10 13:30 - 03/09/10 07:00 UTC
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Slide: 44
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
CO total column measurements derived from the IASI/MetOp observations from July 22 to August 22, 2010. These data are averaged over 3 days on a 0.5°x0.5° grid and only daytime concentrations above 2.2 x 18 molecules/cm2 are shown. Please give credit for this animation to Maya George (LATMOS)
Monitoring large scale fires and associated pollution : Russia, summer 2010
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Slide: 45
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)
Geostationary satellites
• 4 geostationary weather satellites, operations at least until 2018 (MTG)
• Full disk imagery: Imaging European weather, every 15 minutes with 12 spectral bands (currently Meteosat-9)
• Rapid Scan Service (RSS) every R minutes (currently Meteosat 8): detection of rapid, local development of convective systems
• Data collection for environmental monitoring
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Slide: 46
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Meteosat Third Generation (MTG)
Geostationary satellites
• 4 imaging (MTG-I) and 2 sounding (MTG-S) satellites
• Start of operations: 2018 and 2019
• Imaging mission • Imaging European weather every 10
minutes with 16 spectral bands • new Lightning Imager
• Sounding mission:
• Infrared sounder providing 4D high-resolution soundings of water vapour, temperature, O3
• Synergy with Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Sentinel-4 Ultraviolet Visible Near-infrared spectrometer: atmospheric chemistry and air quality monitoring
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Slide: 47
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Polar-orbiting satellites as part of the shared IJPS
EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) Europe’s first series of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites: 3 Metop for at least 14 years of operations Part of Initial Joint Polar System shared with NOAA Metop-A (launched in 2006) • Imagery (VIS, IR), sounding (IR, MW, UV, GPS
occultation) and radar (Ascat) instruments • direct broadcasting and data collection capabilities Applications • Numerical Weather Prediction • Nowcasting at high latitudes • Marine meteorology and oceanography • Air quality, atmospheric chemistry
• EPS –SG (preparatory programme in approval process) • Second Generation EPS ready in 2020 • Twin satellite configuration under study (phase A) • Payload to include GMES Sentinel-5
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Slide: 48
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Monitoring the oceans in partnership
High precision altimetry Jason-2 • launched in June 2008 • EUMETSAT’s first optional programme (new
convention) • Applications: marine meteorology,
operational oceanography, seasonal prediction and climate monitoring
Jason-3 • under development, to provide continuity
with Jason-2 • launch scheduled in April 2014
Jason-CS • future programme under discussion with
ESA, EC, NOAA in the context of GMES • to provide continuity after Jason-3
Partners:
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Slide: 49
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Climate record generation – an overview
EUMETSAT USERS AND
ORGANISATIONS
LONG-TERM
DATA PRESERVATION
CLIMATE
APPLICATIONS
SATELLITES
AND SENSORS
SATELLITE
DATA
SATELLITE
PRODUCTS
CLIMATE
PROCESS
STUDIES
OPERATIONAL
CLIMATE
MONITORING
CLIMATE
VARIABILITY AND
TREND ANALYSIS
DECISION-MAKING
(ADAPTATION
AND MITIGATION)
CLIMATE
INFORMATION
RECORDS
ENVIRONMENTAL
DATA RECORDS
CLIMATE DATA
RECORDS FUNDAMENTAL
CLIMATE DATA
RECORDS
THEMATIC
CLIMATE DATA
RECORDS
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Slide: 50
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Meteosat-7 observes desastrous rainfall: 11 - 13 Aug. 2002, Elbe flood
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Slide: 51
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Hazardous weather in the tropics and at mid latitudes
Hurricane Isabel 6 – 15 September 2003
Klaus, 24 January 2009
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Slide: 52
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
Cyclones closer to continental Europe
Meteosat-8 Images of Hurricane Vince Met-8, 09 October 2005, 12:00 UTC RGB Composite WV6.2-WV7.3, IR9.7-IR10.8, WV6.2
Meteosat-8 images showing hurricane Epsilon with maximum intensity (winds 75 knots). Met-8, 05 December 2005, 06:00 UTC RGB Composite WV6.2-WV7.3, IR9.7-IR10.8, WV6.2
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Slide: 53
EUM/DA/VWG/11/0270 Issue
EUMETSAT Data Centre
• Archive dating back to 1981
• Over 530 Terabytes stored
• Over 1.3 Petabytes retrieved annually
• Raw and reprocessed data, centrally and decentrally produced
• Networked with Satellite Application Facilities (SAFs)
• Access online via Product Navigator
0
500
1000
1500
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Te
rab
yte
data ingestion and retrieval
retrieval
ingestion
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