new urbanism ce512 - purdue university

CE512

New UrbanismTheory and Practice

• New Urbanist principles• Established neighborhoods• Recent attempts at New Urbanist design

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New Urbanist Principles• Neighborhoods compact, pedestrian-friendly, and mixed-use.

• Many activities of daily living should occur within walking distance. Street networks to encourage walking, reduce the number and length of automobile trips.

• A broad range of housing types and price levels. Diverse ages, races, and incomesessential to an authentic community.

• Transit corridors can help organize metropolitan structure. Appropriate building densities and land uses should be within walking distance of transit stops.

• Concentrations of civic, institutional, and commercial activity embedded in neighborhoods. Schools sized and located to enable children to walk or bicycle to them.

• A range of parks, from tot-lots and village greens to ballfields and community gardens, distributed within neighborhoods. Conservation areas and open lands to define and connect different neighborhoods.

Source: Congress for the New Urbanism, www.cnu.org

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Established Neighborhoods

• Delft, since 1200s• Meridian-Kessler (Indianapolis), since 1900• Oakwood OH, since 1913• Mariemont OH, since 1924• St. Lawrence-McAllister (Lafayette)

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Delft, The Netherlands

• 90,000 pop in 7.7 sq mi = 11,700 density

• Mixed land use• Walkable• Bicycle-friendly• Transit provisions• Neighborhood schools• Neighborhood parks• Open space

Meridian-Kessler

Meridian-KesslerNeighborhood

• 3 mi x 1 mi• S edge 4 mi N of

Monument Circle• Pop density?

Meridian-Kessler

54th and College: Commercial node

Meridian-Kessler

Meridian-Kessler Neighborhood

• Interurban rail stops• Variety of

businesses and hours of operation

• Business turnover, building reuse

• Surrounded by DUs• HH incomes• NMT?

College Avenue at 54th Street

Daugherty, et al.

Hair Salon

Citizens Action Coalition

A/C sales and service

Clockworks

Bokay Florist

Newsstand

The News Cafe

Middle Eastern Restaurant

Army-Navy Surplus

C O L L E G E

A V E N U E

Vacant building(Was Atlas Supermarket.

Will be razed for Arthur’s Fresh Market

in 2005. Parking lot now used by customers of

businesses nearby.) Parking Lot

Vacant (CATH Inc.

Coffee House closed 22 Sep 04)

54th Street

54th Street

Moe and Johnny’s Restaurant and Coffee House

(3 entry doors?)

C O L L E G E

A V E N U E

Jazz CATH Hit City Antiques Kitchen Bakery Studio

Piano Merchant

Yats Cajun Creole Restaurant

Oakwood

Oakwood OH• Old development preserved and/or updated

• Parks and schools• Scale 1.5 x ¾ mi

Oakwood

Oakwood OH

• Businesses along busy streets at neighborhood edges

• Frontage roads vs. driveways (store access, parking)

Oakwood

Some mixed use neighborhoods work (Oakwood OH)

Supermarket street side Parking lot behind store

Mariemont

Mariemont OH

• Near Cincinnati• Designed as an ideal

community • Town plan by John Nolen• First buildings 1924• Incorporated village 1941• Today used as a model

community by "New Urbanists.”

Mariemont

Boulevard to Village Center

Mariemont

Typical house

Mariemont

Larger homes

Mariemont

Narrow street

Mariemont

Street with curb parking

St. Lawrence-McAllister

St. Lawrence-McAllister

St. Lawrence-McAllister

St. Lawrence-McAllister

• Small lots

• Mostly R1

• DUs per acre?

St. Lawrence-McAllister

Businesses along Schuyler Ave.

St. Lawrence-McAllister

New Urbanist Design is not always popular

• St. Lawrence-McAllister Neighborhood meetings

• Thriving neighborhood center means vehicle traffic from outside

• “Acceptable”: Businesses on edge on neighborhood

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Recent attempts at New Urbanist Design

• Seaside FL• Celebration (Orlando) FL• Orenco (Portland) OR• Coffee Creek IN• West Clay IN

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Seaside FL

• 80 acres• Originally planned for

a wide range of prices, it has been so successful that prices have risen beyond the reach of all but the most affluent households.

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Celebration

• Near WDW• Street patterns?• 4900 acres, 7000 acres

preserved wetlands• 5.2M comml sq ft• 1M sq ft ofc park• K-12 school

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Orenco OR

• Main street on front edge• Multiuse buildings in front• Parking behind them• Apartments as buffer• Residential behind apts.• ½ mile from rail transit

• <Orenco photos??>

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Orenco (2)

• Buffer apartments • Single Family DUs

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Orenco (3)

• Density, alleys • HH income range?

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Coffee Creek Location

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Coffee Creek

Photos taken Oct 2001

1. Hotel at South end of Development

Photos taken Oct 2001

2. Side street in Coffee Creek

Photos taken Oct 2001

3. Approach to Watershed Preserve

Photos taken Oct 2001

4. Entrance to Watershed Preserve

Photos taken Oct 2001

5. Natural pond + Flood control

Photos taken Oct 2001

6. Looking north toward clinic

Photos taken Oct 2001

7. Medical clinic at North end

Photos taken Oct 2003

Coffee Creek 17

Photos taken Oct 2003

Coffee Creek 18

Photos taken Oct 2003

Coffee Creek 19

19 March 2005

Kevin Pastrick gets 37 months in Coffee Creek case

• Former Indiana Democratic Chairman Peter Manous took a kickback of $200,000 from the son of East Chicago Mayor Robert Pastrick in 1999.

• Kevin Pastrick and Manous paid carpenters' union boss Gerry Nannenga $65,465 to convince him to approve a $10 million investment from the union pension fund into Coffee Creek.

• The $10 million paid to Lake Erie Land was roughly twice what the property is worth.

• Was the $200,000 kickback on a $600,000 commission a bribe or a gratuity?

Sources: www.thetimesonline.com, www.chestertontribune.com

Village of West Clay

Village of West Clay

• West of Carmel IN

• See map h/o• Variety of

architecture (West Clay 3)

Village of West Clay

West Clay 5: Luxury townhomes

Village of West Clay

Village of West Clay 6

• Long walk distances to “center”

• <West Clay photos of “buffer” zone>

Village of West Clay

Village of West Clay 7

• Center lacks businesses that meet frequent household needs.

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Questions about New Urbanism

• Do recent attempts capture its essence?• Is there a market for it?• What can planners do?• What should planners?