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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL 2015Victor Umaña (Director Adjunto de CLACDS - INCAE)
• Guatemala 17 de abril de 2015
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress2
¿QUIENES SOMOS?
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
UNA INICIATIVA DEL MUNDO FILÁNTROPICO
3
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UNA INICIATIVA DE EMPRESAS LÍDERES
4
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CON EL RESPALDO DE ACADÉMICOS DE EXCELENCIA
5
Profesor Scott Stern
School of Management
Distinguished Professor
of Technological
Innovation,
Entrepreneurship and
Strategic Management,
MIT
Profesor Michael E. Porter
Chair
Bishop William Lawrence
University Professor en
Harvard Business School.
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress6
Scott Stern
School of Management Distinguished Professor of
Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship and
Strategic Management, MIT
Judith Rodin
President, The Rockefeller Foundation
Professor Michael E. Porter, Chair
Bishop William Lawrence University Professor
at the Harvard Business School.
Matthew Bishop
The Economist
Hernando de Soto
President, Institute for Liberty and Democracy
Ngaire Woods
Dean, Blavatnik School of Government,
University of Oxford
SOCIAL PROGRESS IMPERATIVE: CONSEJO DE ASESORES
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress7
Steve Almond
Chairman, Global Board of Directors,
Deloitte Global
Brizio Biondi-Morra, Chair
Chair of Avina Americas
Miembro del Consejo Directivo de INCAE
Sally Osberg
President, CEO of the Skoll Foundation
Álvaro Rodríguez Arregui
Co-founder and Managing Partner
of IGNIA Partners, LLC
Roberto Artavia, Vice Chair
President of VIVA Trust
Presidente del Consejo Directivo del INCAE
Para lograr esta misión debemos ir más
allá de la medición por sí sola. La Red de
Progreso Social busca generar procesos
colaborativos en red con aliados en el
gobierno, las empresas y la sociedad civil
que utilicen el marco conceptual y
metodológico del Índice de Progreso
Social como punto de partida para la
acción en sus países.
La misión del Social
Progress Imperative
es mejorar la calidad
de vida de las
personas en todo el
mundo, en particular
las menos favorecidas.
SOCIAL PROGRESS IMPERATIVE: CONSEJO DE DIRECTORES
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¿PARA QUÉ EL PROGRESO SOCIAL?
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
LA OBSESION CON EL PIB
• Medida muy útil
• Aplicación universal
• Mide con mucha precisión el valor de todos los servicios y bienes producidos por una economía en un año.
• No mide:
• Distribución del ingreso
• Calidad de vida
• Trabajo no remunerado
• Valores intangibles
• Estándar de vida
9
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
¿QUÉ ES EL PROGRESO SOCIAL?
10
UNA DEFINICIÓN CONCEPTUAL…
Progreso social es la capacidad de una nación de satisfacer
las de su población, de establecer la
infraestructura e instrumentos que le permite
de sus ciudadanos y comunidades y de
crear un ambiente propicio para que todos tengan la
oportunidad de .
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Hacia una agenda de desarrollo sostenible
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
• El progreso social afecta el desarrollo económico y viceversa
• El Indice de Progreso Social se basa en el principio de que aquelloque medimos (y cómo lo medimos) guía las decisiones que tomamos.
• Sí ocupamos crecer más. Hay variables del progreso social que se afectan rápida y directamente del aumento de los ingresos de las personas.
• Educación y salud se trasladarán en mayor crecimiento económico
12
Competitividad
51/144
Progreso social
28/133
Hacia una agenda de desarrollo sostenible
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
¿PARA QUÉ UN ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL?
13
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¿POR QUÉ NECESITAMOS EL ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL?
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EL IPS: UNA MEDIDA DE PROGRESO SOCIAL QUE
COMPLEMENTA A LAS DEMÁS
15
• Complementa el Índice de Desarrollo Humano de la ONU al
aumentar su especificidad gracias a su amplia granularidad y al
desagregar el impacto del ingreso en el bienestar colectivo
• Se complementa con el Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional
(IPM) –propuesto por Amartya Sen- pues éste se enfoca sobre la
población en pobreza extrema en cada nación con un modelo
específico que viene a enfocar esfuerzos y políticas que
eventualmente –al resolver problemas de los sectores más
vulnerables de cada nación- mejora el desempeño de IPS en la
dimensión de necesidades básicas.
• Amplía la propuesta del Índice de Felicidad, pues se enfoca
sobre bienestar colectivo, mientras la felicidad es medido a nivel
de cada individuo y luego agregado
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL: PRINCIPIOS DE DISEÑO
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Indicadores
de Resultados
Accionables
Indicadores Relevantes
Indicadores Sociales y Ambientales
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress17
Necesidades Básicas Oportunidades
Nutrición y AsistenciaMédica Básica
Agua y Saneamiento
Vivienda
Seguridad Personal
Acceso a Conocimientos Básicos
Acceso a Información y Comunicaciones
Salud y Bienestar
Sustentabilidad del Ecosistema
Derechos Personales
Libertad Personal y de Elección
Tolerancia e Inclusión
Acceso a Educación Superior
Índice de Progreso Social
Fundamentos de Bienestar
MODELO DEL IPS: 3 DIMENSIONES Y 12 COMPONENTES
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Necesidades Básicas Oportunidades
Nutrición y asistencia médica básica Prevalencia de Subnutrición Intensidad del déficit alimentario Tasa de mortalidad materna Tasa de mortalidad infantil Muertes por enfermedades infecciosas
Agua y saneamiento Acceso a agua potable Acceso rural a fuentes de agua potable Acceso a saneamiento mejorado
Vivienda Satisfacción con la vivienda Acceso a energía eléctrica Calidad del servicio eléctrico Muertes atribuibles a la contaminación del
aire en interiores
Seguridad Personal Tasa de homicidios Nivel de crímenes violentos Criminalidad percibida Terror político Muertes en carreteras
Acceso a conocimientos básicos Tasa de alfabetización en adultos Matriculación en educación primaria Matriculación en educación secundaria a
nivel inicial Matriculación en educación secundaria a
nivel bachillerato Paridad de género en educación secundaria
Acceso a información y comunicaciones Suscripciones a telefonía móvil Usuarios de internet Índice de libertad de prensa
Salud y bienestar Esperanza de vida al nacer Muertes por enfermedades no contagiosas
entre 30 y 70 años de edad Tasa de obesidad Muertes atribuibles a la contaminación del
aire en exteriores Tasa de suicidio
Sustentabilidad del ecosistema Emisión de gases de efecto invernadero Extracción de agua en porcentaje de
recursos hídricos disponibles Biodiversidad y hábitat
Derechos personales Derechos políticos Libertad de expresión Libertad de reunión/asociación Libertad de movimiento Derecho a la propiedad privada
Libertad personal y de elección Libertad de decidir sobre su vida Libertad de culto Matrimonio adolescente Satisfacción de la demanda de métodos
anticonceptivos Corrupción
Tolerancia e inclusión Tolerancia hacia los inmigrantes Tolerancia hacia los homosexuales Discriminación y violencia hacia las minorías Tolerancia religiosa Redes de apoyo en la comunidad
Acceso a educación superior Años de educación terciaria Años promedio de escolaridad de las mujeres Inequidad en logro educativo Universidades de clase mundial
Índice de Progreso Social
Fundamentos de Bienestar
ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL 2015
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress19
¿QUÉ NOS DICE
EL ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL
SOBRE EL MUNDO?
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SI EL MUNDO FUERA UN PAÍS, SU INDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL LO
UBICARÍA COMO EL ÚLTIMO DE AMERICA LATINA
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EL MUNDO PRESENTA UN MEJOR DESEMPEÑO EN LAS ÁREAS
PRIORIZADAS POR LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO DEL MILENIO
21
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EL MUNDO TIENE QUE ESFORZAR EN GARANTIZAR EL EJERCICIO DE
DERECHOS PERSONALES Y LA COHESION SOCIAL
22
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LA SUSTENTABILIDAD DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS ES IGUALMENTE UN
ÁREA PRIORITARIA DE ACCIÓN
23
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¿QUÉ NOS DICE
EL ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL
SOBRE LOS PAÍSES?
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MAPA DE PROGRESO SOCIAL 2015
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IPS 2015: LOS MEJORES 10
26
*PIB per capita PPP 2013
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IPS 2015: LOS ÚLTIMOS 10
27
*PIB per capita PPP 2013
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 28
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
1 88.36 Norway 18 81.91 Portugal 35 74 Lithuania 52 68.19 Albania
2 88.06 Sweden 19 81.62 Slovenia 36 73.66 Mauritius 53 67.79 Macedonia
3 87.97 Switzerland 20 81.17 Spain 37 73.3 Croatia 54 67.5 Mexico
4 87.62 Iceland 21 80.82 France 38 73.08 Argentina 55 67.23 Peru
5 87.08 New Zealand 22 80.59 Czech Republic 39 72.79United Arab
Emirates56 67.1 Paraguay
6 86.89 Canada 23 80.49 Estonia 40 72.6 Israel 57 66.34 Thailand
7 86.75 Finland 24 79.21 Uruguay 41 71.79 Panama 58 66.24 Turkey
8 86.63 Denmark 25 78.45 Slovakia 42 70.89 Brazil 59 66.15Bosnia and
Herzegovina
9 86.5 Netherlands 26 78.29 Chile 43 70.19 Bulgaria 60 65.89 Georgia
10 86.42 Australia 27 77.98 Poland 44 69.83 Jamaica 61 65.7 Armenia
11 84.68United
Kingdom28 77.88 Costa Rica 45 69.79 Serbia 62 65.69 Ukraine
12 84.66 Ireland 29 77.7Korea, Republic
of46 69.55 Malaysia 63 65.64 South Africa
13 84.45 Austria 30 77.45 Cyprus 47 69.19 Kuwait 64 65.46 Philippines
14 84.04 Germany 31 77.38 Italy 48 69.01 Montenegro 65 65.22 Botswana
15 83.15 Japan 32 74.8 Hungary 49 68.85 Colombia 66 64.98 Belarus
16 82.85 United States 33 74.12 Latvia 50 68.37 Romania 67 64.92 Tunisia
1 88.36 Norway 34 74.03 Greece 51 68.25 Ecuador 68 64.31 El Salvador
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 125 – 133: very low
2015 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 29
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
1 88.36 Norway 18 81.91 Portugal 35 74 Lithuania 52 68.19 Albania
2 88.06 Sweden 19 81.62 Slovenia 36 73.66 Mauritius 53 67.79 Macedonia
3 87.97 Switzerland 20 81.17 Spain 37 73.3 Croatia 54 67.5 Mexico
4 87.62 Iceland 21 80.82 France 38 73.08 Argentina 55 67.23 Peru
5 87.08 New Zealand 22 80.59 Czech Republic 39 72.79United Arab
Emirates56 67.1 Paraguay
6 86.89 Canada 23 80.49 Estonia 40 72.6 Israel 57 66.34 Thailand
7 86.75 Finland 24 79.21 Uruguay 41 71.79 Panama 58 66.24 Turkey
8 86.63 Denmark 25 78.45 Slovakia 42 70.89 Brazil 59 66.15Bosnia and
Herzegovina
9 86.5 Netherlands 26 78.29 Chile 43 70.19 Bulgaria 60 65.89 Georgia
10 86.42 Australia 27 77.98 Poland 44 69.83 Jamaica 61 65.7 Armenia
11 84.68United
Kingdom28 77.88 Costa Rica 45 69.79 Serbia 62 65.69 Ukraine
12 84.66 Ireland 29 77.7Korea, Republic
of46 69.55 Malaysia 63 65.64 South Africa
13 84.45 Austria 30 77.45 Cyprus 47 69.19 Kuwait 64 65.46 Philippines
14 84.04 Germany 31 77.38 Italy 48 69.01 Montenegro 65 65.22 Botswana
15 83.15 Japan 32 74.8 Hungary 49 68.85 Colombia 66 64.98 Belarus
16 82.85 United States 33 74.12 Latvia 50 68.37 Romania 67 64.92 Tunisia
1 88.36 Norway 34 74.03 Greece 51 68.25 Ecuador 68 64.31 El Salvador
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 125 – 133: very low
2015 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 30
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
1 88.36 Norway 18 81.91 Portugal 35 74 Lithuania 52 68.19 Albania
2 88.06 Sweden 19 81.62 Slovenia 36 73.66 Mauritius 53 67.79 Macedonia
3 87.97 Switzerland 20 81.17 Spain 37 73.3 Croatia 54 67.5 Mexico
4 87.62 Iceland 21 80.82 France 38 73.08 Argentina 55 67.23 Peru
5 87.08 New Zealand 22 80.59 Czech Republic 39 72.79United Arab
Emirates56 67.1 Paraguay
6 86.89 Canada 23 80.49 Estonia 40 72.6 Israel 57 66.34 Thailand
7 86.75 Finland 24 79.21 Uruguay 41 71.79 Panama 58 66.24 Turkey
8 86.63 Denmark 25 78.45 Slovakia 42 70.89 Brazil 59 66.15Bosnia and
Herzegovina
9 86.5 Netherlands 26 78.29 Chile 43 70.19 Bulgaria 60 65.89 Georgia
10 86.42 Australia 27 77.98 Poland 44 69.83 Jamaica 61 65.7 Armenia
11 84.68United
Kingdom28 77.88 Costa Rica 45 69.79 Serbia 62 65.69 Ukraine
12 84.66 Ireland 29 77.7Korea, Republic
of46 69.55 Malaysia 63 65.64 South Africa
13 84.45 Austria 30 77.45 Cyprus 47 69.19 Kuwait 64 65.46 Philippines
14 84.04 Germany 31 77.38 Italy 48 69.01 Montenegro 65 65.22 Botswana
15 83.15 Japan 32 74.8 Hungary 49 68.85 Colombia 66 64.98 Belarus
16 82.85 United States 33 74.12 Latvia 50 68.37 Romania 67 64.92 Tunisia
1 88.36 Norway 34 74.03 Greece 51 68.25 Ecuador 68 64.31 El Salvador
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 125 – 133: very low
2015 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 31
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
1 88.36 Norway 18 81.91 Portugal 35 74 Lithuania 52 68.19 Albania
2 88.06 Sweden 19 81.62 Slovenia 36 73.66 Mauritius 53 67.79 Macedonia
3 87.97 Switzerland 20 81.17 Spain 37 73.3 Croatia 54 67.5 Mexico
4 87.62 Iceland 21 80.82 France 38 73.08 Argentina 55 67.23 Peru
5 87.08 New Zealand 22 80.59 Czech Republic 39 72.79United Arab
Emirates56 67.1 Paraguay
6 86.89 Canada 23 80.49 Estonia 40 72.6 Israel 57 66.34 Thailand
7 86.75 Finland 24 79.21 Uruguay 41 71.79 Panama 58 66.24 Turkey
8 86.63 Denmark 25 78.45 Slovakia 42 70.89 Brazil 59 66.15Bosnia and
Herzegovina
9 86.5 Netherlands 26 78.29 Chile 43 70.19 Bulgaria 60 65.89 Georgia
10 86.42 Australia 27 77.98 Poland 44 69.83 Jamaica 61 65.7 Armenia
11 84.68United
Kingdom28 77.88 Costa Rica 45 69.79 Serbia 62 65.69 Ukraine
12 84.66 Ireland 29 77.7Korea, Republic
of46 69.55 Malaysia 63 65.64 South Africa
13 84.45 Austria 30 77.45 Cyprus 47 69.19 Kuwait 64 65.46 Philippines
14 84.04 Germany 31 77.38 Italy 48 69.01 Montenegro 65 65.22 Botswana
15 83.15 Japan 32 74.8 Hungary 49 68.85 Colombia 66 64.98 Belarus
16 82.85 United States 33 74.12 Latvia 50 68.37 Romania 67 64.92 Tunisia
1 88.36 Norway 34 74.03 Greece 51 68.25 Ecuador 68 64.31 El Salvador
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 125 – 133: very low
2015 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 32
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
69 64.27 Saudi Arabia 86 60.47 Indonesia 103 52.27 Lesotho 120 46.02 Mozambique
70 63.68 Moldova 87 60.42 Guyana 104 51.67 Kenya 121 45.85 Mauritania
71 63.64 Russia 88 60.1 Sri Lanka 105 51.62 Zambia 122 45.66 Pakistan
72 63.45 Venezuela 89 59.91 Egypt 106 51.6 Rwanda 123 44.89 Liberia
73 63.36 Bolivia 90 59.71 Uzbekistan 107 50.94 Swaziland 124 44.5 Madagascar
74 63.31 Jordan 91 59.56 Morocco 108 50.04 Benin 125 43.31 Nigeria
75 62.71 Namibia 92 59.07 China 109 49.6 Congo, Republic of 126 41.04 Ethiopia
76 62.62 Azerbaijan 93 58.58 Kyrgyzstan 110 49.49 Uganda 127 40.56 Niger
77 62.47Dominican
Republic94 58.29 Ghana 111 48.95 Malawi 128 40.3 Yemen
78 62.2 Nicaragua 95 56.82 Iran 112 48.82 Burkina Faso 129 40 Angola
79 62.19 Guatemala 96 56.49 Tajikistan 113 48.35 Iraq 130 39.6 Guinea
80 61.85 Lebanon 97 56.46 Senegal 114 47.42 Cameroon 131 35.4 Afghanistan
81 61.52 Mongolia 98 55.33 Nepal 115 47.27 Djibouti 132 33.17 Chad
82 61.44 Honduras 99 53.96 Cambodia 116 47.14 Tanzania 133 31.42Central African
Republic
83 61.38 Kazakhstan 100 53.39 Bangladesh 117 46.66 Togo
84 60.83 Cuba 101 53.06 India 118 46.51 Mali
85 60.66 Algeria 102 52.41 Laos 119 46.12 Myanmar
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 125 – 133: very low
2015 SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 33
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
69 64.27 Saudi Arabia 86 60.47 Indonesia 103 52.27 Lesotho 120 46.02 Mozambique
70 63.68 Moldova 87 60.42 Guyana 104 51.67 Kenya 121 45.85 Mauritania
71 63.64 Russia 88 60.1 Sri Lanka 105 51.62 Zambia 122 45.66 Pakistan
72 63.45 Venezuela 89 59.91 Egypt 106 51.6 Rwanda 123 44.89 Liberia
73 63.36 Bolivia 90 59.71 Uzbekistan 107 50.94 Swaziland 124 44.5 Madagascar
74 63.31 Jordan 91 59.56 Morocco 108 50.04 Benin 125 43.31 Nigeria
75 62.71 Namibia 92 59.07 China 109 49.6 Congo, Republic of 126 41.04 Ethiopia
76 62.62 Azerbaijan 93 58.58 Kyrgyzstan 110 49.49 Uganda 127 40.56 Niger
77 62.47Dominican
Republic94 58.29 Ghana 111 48.95 Malawi 128 40.3 Yemen
78 62.2 Nicaragua 95 56.82 Iran 112 48.82 Burkina Faso 129 40 Angola
79 62.19 Guatemala 96 56.49 Tajikistan 113 48.35 Iraq 130 39.6 Guinea
80 61.85 Lebanon 97 56.46 Senegal 114 47.42 Cameroon 131 35.4 Afghanistan
81 61.52 Mongolia 98 55.33 Nepal 115 47.27 Djibouti 132 33.17 Chad
82 61.44 Honduras 99 53.96 Cambodia 116 47.14 Tanzania 133 31.42Central African
Republic
83 61.38 Kazakhstan 100 53.39 Bangladesh 117 46.66 Togo
84 60.83 Cuba 101 53.06 India 118 46.51 Mali
85 60.66 Algeria 102 52.41 Laos 119 46.12 Myanmar
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 126 – 133: very low
SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress 34
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
ran
k
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
SPI
rank
SPI
scoreCountry
69 64.27 Saudi Arabia 86 60.47 Indonesia 103 52.27 Lesotho 120 46.02 Mozambique
70 63.68 Moldova 87 60.42 Guyana 104 51.67 Kenya 121 45.85 Mauritania
71 63.64 Russia 88 60.10 Sri Lanka 105 51.62 Zambia 122 45.66 Pakistan
72 63.45 Venezuela 89 59.91 Egypt 106 51.6 Rwanda 123 44.89 Liberia
73 63.36 Bolivia 90 59.71 Uzbekistan 107 50.94 Swaziland 124 44.50 Madagascar
74 63.31 Jordan 91 59.56 Morocco 108 50.04 Benin 125 43.31 Nigeria
75 62.71 Namibia 92 59.07 China 109 49.6 Congo, Republic of 126 41.04 Ethiopia
76 62.62 Azerbaijan 93 58.58 Kyrgyzstan 110 49.49 Uganda 127 40.56 Niger
77 62.47Dominican
Republic94 58.29 Ghana 111 48.95 Malawi 128 40.30 Yemen
78 62.20 Nicaragua 95 56.82 Iran 112 48.82 Burkina Faso 129 40.00 Angola
79 62.19 Guatemala 96 56.49 Tajikistan 113 48.35 Iraq 130 39.60 Guinea
80 61.85 Lebanon 97 56.46 Senegal 114 47.42 Cameroon 131 35.40 Afghanistan
81 61.52 Mongolia 98 55.33 Nepal 115 47.27 Djibouti 132 33.17 Chad
82 61.44 Honduras 99 53.96 Cambodia 116 47.14 Tanzania 133 31.42Central African
Republic
83 61.38 Kazakhstan 100 53.39 Bangladesh 117 46.66 Togo
84 60.83 Cuba 101 53.06 India 118 46.51 Mali
85 60.66 Algeria 102 52.41 Laos 119 46.12 Myanmar
Social Progress categorization:
• SPI rank 01 – 10: very high
• SPI rank 11 – 31: high
• SPI rank 32 – 56: upper middle
• SPI rank 57 –98: lower middle
• SPI rank 99 – 125: low
• SPI rank 126 – 133: very low
SOCIAL PROGRESS INDEX RESULTS
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL – RESULTADOS POR REGIÓN
35
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ÍNDICE DE PROGRESO SOCIAL 2015 – DESEMPEÑO POR REGIONES
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
RANKING IPS 2015 EN AMÉRICA LATINA: 3 GRUPOS
Grupo 1: Uruguay, Chile, Costa Rica,
Argentina, Panamá, Brasil, Jamaica
con un IPS superior a 70 presentan
brechas de bienestar menores.
Grupo 2: Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico,
Perú y Paraguay, con un IPS superior
a 65, tienen niveles medio-altos de
progreso social y brechas de bienestar
intermedias.
Grupo 3: El Salvador, Venezuela,
Bolivia, Rep. Dominicana, Nicaragua,
Guatemala, Honduras, Cuba y Guyana
tienen niveles de progreso social
medio (IPS entre 60 y 65) y brechas de
bienestar amplias.
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress38
¿CUÁL ES LA RELACIÓN ENTRE EL ÍNDICE DE
PROGRESO SOCIAL Y EL PIB PER CÁPITA?
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
EL PROGRESO SOCIAL SÍ AUMENTA CON EL PIB PER CÁPITA, PERO
EL CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO NO LO ES TODO
39
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ALGUNOS ASPECTOS DEL PROGRESO SOCIAL MEJORAN POCO CON
MAYOR RIQUEZA
40
Especialmente
salud y
bienestar y
sostenibilidad
de los
ecosistemas
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
ALGUNOS PAÍSES PUEDEN EXPERIMENTAR NIVELES SIMILARES DE
PROGRESO SOCIAL Y DIFERENTES NIVELES DE PIB PER CÁPITA (PPP)
41
Paraguay logra el mismo
nivel de progreso social
(67.10) que México
(67.50) con menos de la
mitad del PIB per cápita
(U$D 7,833 en
comparación con U$D
16,291).
$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000 $70,000 $80,000 $90,000
GDP per capita (PPP)
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
So
cia
l P
rog
ress
Ind
ex
Correlation = 0.78
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
MIENTRAS QUE OTROS PAÍSES EXPERIMENTAN NIVELES DE PROGRESO
SOCIAL DIFERENTES, A PESAR DE TENER UN PIB PER CAPITA SIMILAR
42
Estonia logra un nivel de
progreso social (80.49)
mucho más alto que
Rusia (63.64) con un nivel
de PIB per cápita similar
(U$D 25,132 en
comparación con U$D
23,564).
$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000 $70,000 $80,000 $90,000
GDP per capita (PPP)
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
So
cia
l P
rog
ress
Ind
ex
Correlation = 0.78
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
Bajo progreso social para
su nivel de ingreso
Alto progreso social para
su nivel de ingreso
Alto progreso social para
su nivel de ingreso
LA MAYORÍA DE LOS PAÍSES LATINOAMERICANOS TIENEN UN DESEMPEÑO
MÁS ALTO DE LO QUE CABRIA ESPERAR DADO SU PIB PER CÁPITA
GTM
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
4 LATINOAMÉRICANOS CON DESEMPEÑO RELATIVO SOBRESALIENTE
EN RELACIÓN A SU PIB PER CÁPITA A NIVEL GLOBAL
44
Costa Rica tiene un IPS nueve puntos más alto que lo que cabría esperar dado su nivel de PIB per
cápita. Junto con Uruguay y Nicaragua forman parte del grupo de países con mejor desempeño
relativo del mundo. Sin embargo, un desempeño relativo alto puede ser signo de deterioro
económico más que del éxito en la creación de progreso social (por ejemplo, Moldavia, Kirguistán).
Nota Técnica: El desempeño relativo de un país se mide en relación a un grupo de 15
países con un PIB per cápita similar (medido en paridad de poder de compra), utilizando
el promedio de 4 años. El “amount of over-performance” es medido en puntos de IPS.
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
PAÍSES CON DESEMPEÑO RELATIVO INSUFICIENTE EN RELACIÓN A
SU PIB PER CÁPITA (PPP) A NIVEL GLOBAL
45
Países con riqueza proveniente de recursos naturales y países en conflicto presentan un bajo
rendimiento relativo. Pero, algunos de los países más industrializados del mundo (por ejemplo, los
Estados Unidos, Francia e Italia) también. Sólo Venezuela y Rep. Dominicana hacen parte de esta lista.
Nota Técnica: El desempeño relativo de un país se mide en relación a un
grupo de 15 países con un PIB per cápita similar (medido en paridad de
poder de compra), utilizando el promedio de 4 años. El “rendimiento” es
medido en puntos de IPS.
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress46
IPS 2015 VS PIB PER CAPITA: REGIONES
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress47
ANÁLISIS DE FORTALEZAS Y DEBILIDADES
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
Social Progress Index rank: 16/133GDP per capita rank: 5/133 UNITED STATES
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
BASIC HUMAN NEEDS 91.23 21 W FOUNDATIONS OF WELLBEING 75.15 35 W OPPORTUNITY 82.18 8 N
Nutrition and Basic Medical Care 98.52 39 N Access to Basic Knowledge 95.33 45 W Personal Rights 82.16 24 W
Undernourishment (% of pop.) 5.0 1 N Adult literacy rate (% of pop. aged 15+) 99.0 1 N Political rights (1=full rights; 7=no rights) 1 1 N
Depth of food deficit (cal./undernourished person) 8 1 N Primary school enrollment (% of children) 91.8 73 W Freedom of speech (0=low; 2=high) 2 1 S
Maternal mortality rate (deaths/100,000 live births) 28 55 W Lower secondary school enrollment (% of children) 98.0 57 W Freedom of assembly/association (0=low; 2=high) 1 48 W
Child mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births) 6.9 38 W Upper secondary school enrollment (% of children) 89.5 49 W Freedom of movement (0=low; 4=high) 3 67 W
Deaths from infectious diseases (deaths/100,000) 31.3 37 N Gender parity in secondary enrollment (girls/boys) 1.0 1 N Private property rights (0=none; 100=full) 80 17 W
Water and Sanitation 98.68 28 W Access to Information and Communications 85.00 23 W Personal Freedom and Choice 82.64 15 N
Access to piped water (% of pop.) 98.6 25 W Mobile telephone subscriptions (subscriptions/100 people) 95.5 87 W Freedom over life choices (% satisfied) 86.6 27 W
Rural access to improved water source (% of pop.) 98.0 41 W Internet users (% of pop.) 84.2 13 N Freedom of religion (1=low; 4=high) 3 55 W
Access to improved sanitation facilities (% of pop.) 100.0 27 N Press Freedom Index (0=most free; 100=least free) 23.5 36 W Early marriage (% of women aged 15-19) 0.03 32 W
Satisfied demand for contraception (% of women) 84.7 14 N
Corruption (0=high; 100=low) 74 15 N
Shelter 90.05 6 N Health and Wellness 68.66 68 W Tolerance and Inclusion 74.46 15 N
Availability of affordable housing (% satisfied) 69.0 7 S Life expectancy (years) 78.7 30 W Tolerance for immigrants (0=low; 100=high) 81.5 11 N
Access to electricity (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Premature deaths from non-comm. diseases (prob. of dying) 14.3 35 W Tolerance for homosexuals (0=low; 100=high) 71.3 15 N
Quality of electricity supply (1=low; 7=high) 6.3 19 W Obesity rate (% of pop.) 31.8 126 W Discrim. and viol. against minorities (0=low; 10=high) 4.5 31 N
Household air pollution attr. deaths (deaths/100,000) 0 1 N Outdoor air pollution attributable deaths (deaths/100,000) 33.6 78 W Religious tolerance (1=low; 4=high) 3 36 N
Suicide rate (deaths/100,000) 10.7 81 W Community safety net (0=low; 100=high) 90.1 27 W
Personal Safety 77.66 30 W Ecosystem Sustainability 51.63 74 W Access to Advanced Education 89.47 1 S
Homicide rate (1= 20/100,000) 2 41 W Greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalents per GDP) 421.7 4 N Years of tertiary schooling 1.8 1 S
Level of violent crime (1=low; 5=high) 1 1 N Water withdrawals as a percentage of resources 2.9 85 W Women's average years in school 13.9 4 N
Perceived criminality (1=low; 5=high) 2 2 N Biodiv. and habitat (0=no protection; 100=high protection) 63.4 68 W Inequality in the attainment of edu. (0=low; 1=high) 0.07 38 W
Political terror (1=low; 5=high) 3 80 W Number of globally ranked universities 181 1 S
Traffic deaths (deaths/100,000) 11.4 38 W
Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Netherlands, Ireland, Austria,
United Arab Emirates, Sweden, Germany, Denmark,
Australia, Canada, Belgium, Iceland, Finland, and Norway
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
Social Progress Index rank: 1/133GDP per capita rank: 2/133 NORWAY
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
BASIC HUMAN NEEDS 94.80 9 N FOUNDATIONS OF WELLBEING 88.46 1 S OPPORTUNITY 81.82 9 N
Nutrition and Basic Medical Care 99.36 7 N Access to Basic Knowledge 99.12 7 N Personal Rights 87.91 11 N
Undernourishment (% of pop.) 5.0 1 N Adult literacy rate (% of pop. aged 15+) 100.0 1 N Political rights (1=full rights; 7=no rights) 1 1 N
Depth of food deficit (cal./undernourished person) 8 1 N Primary school enrollment (% of children) 99.4 8 N Freedom of speech (0=low; 2=high) 1 15 N
Maternal mortality rate (deaths/100,000 live births) 4 4 N Lower secondary school enrollment (% of children) 98.9 52 W Freedom of assembly/association (0=low; 2=high) 2 1 N
Child mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births) 2.8 3 N Upper secondary school enrollment (% of children) 123.0 1 N Freedom of movement (0=low; 4=high) 4 1 N
Deaths from infectious diseases (deaths/100,000) 25.2 25 N Gender parity in secondary enrollment (girls/boys) 1.0 68 W Private property rights (0=none; 100=full) 90 3 N
Water and Sanitation 100.00 1 N Access to Information and Communications 96.11 1 N Personal Freedom and Choice 91.38 2 N
Access to piped water (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Mobile telephone subscriptions (subscriptions/100 people) 116.5 1 N Freedom over life choices (% satisfied) 95.4 1 N
Rural access to improved water source (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Internet users (% of pop.) 95.1 2 S Freedom of religion (1=low; 4=high) 4 1 N
Access to improved sanitation facilities (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Press Freedom Index (0=most free; 100=least free) 6.5 3 N Early marriage (% of women aged 15-19) 0.00 1 N
Satisfied demand for contraception (% of women) 84.6 15 N
Corruption (0=high; 100=low) 86 5 N
Shelter 86.99 14 N Health and Wellness 80.60 3 S Tolerance and Inclusion 79.30 10 N
Availability of affordable housing (% satisfied) 44.5 69 W Life expectancy (years) 81.5 11 N Tolerance for immigrants (0=low; 100=high) 81.6 10 N
Access to electricity (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Premature deaths from non-comm. diseases (prob. of dying) 10.7 10 N Tolerance for homosexuals (0=low; 100=high) 80.2 5 N
Quality of electricity supply (1=low; 7=high) 6.7 3 N Obesity rate (% of pop.) 19.8 71 W Discrim.and viol. against minorities (0=low; 10=high) 3.7 15 N
Household air pollution attr. deaths (deaths/100,000) 0 1 N Outdoor air pollution attributable deaths (deaths/100,000) 3.8 16 N Religious tolerance (1=low; 4=high) 3 36 N
Suicide rate (deaths/100,000) 10.4 75 W Community safety net (0=low; 100=high) 93.8 11 N
Personal Safety 92.85 3 N Ecosystem Sustainability 78.03 2 S Access to Advanced Education 68.69 16 N
Homicide rate (1= 20/100,000) 1 1 N Greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalents per GDP) 163.1 1 S Years of tertiary schooling 0.9 24 N
Level of violent crime (1=low; 5=high) 1 1 N Water withdrawals as a percentage of resources 0.4 30 N Women's average years in school 14.9 2 S
Perceived criminality (1=low; 5=high) 2 2 N Biodiv. and habitat (0=no protection; 100=high protection) 71.7 49 N Inequality in the attainment of edu. (0=low; 1=high) 0.02 7 N
Political terror (1=low; 5=high) 1 1 N Number of globally ranked universities 4 40 W
Traffic deaths (deaths/100,000) 4.3 5 N
United Arab Emirates, Switzerland, United States, Saudi
Arabia, Netherlands, Ireland, Austria, Sweden, Germany,
Denmark, Australia, Kuwait, Canada, Belgium, and Iceland
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
Social Progress Index rank: 72/133GDP per capita rank: 45/133 VENEZUELA
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
BASIC HUMAN NEEDS 66.12 87 W FOUNDATIONS OF WELLBEING 74.69 41 N OPPORTUNITY 49.55 69 N
Nutrition and Basic Medical Care 95.99 65 N Access to Basic Knowledge 91.66 72 N Personal Rights 36.60 98 W
Undernourishment (% of pop.) 5.0 1 N Adult literacy rate (% of pop. aged 15+) 96.3 60 N Political rights (1=full rights; 7=no rights) 5 92 W
Depth of food deficit (cal./undernourished person) 12 52 N Primary school enrollment (% of children) 92.3 69 N Freedom of speech (0=low; 2=high) 0 103 W
Maternal mortality rate (deaths/100,000 live births) 110 85 W Lower secondary school enrollment (% of children) 91.9 76 W Freedom of assembly/association (0=low; 2=high) 1 48 N
Child mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births) 14.9 60 N Upper secondary school enrollment (% of children) 75.5 72 N Freedom of movement (0=low; 4=high) 4 1 N
Deaths from infectious diseases (deaths/100,000) 58.2 59 N Gender parity in secondary enrollment (girls/boys) 1.1 1 N Private property rights (0=none; 100=full) 5 131 W
Water and Sanitation 81.86 67 N Access to Information and Communications 73.96 53 N Personal Freedom and Choice 54.35 91 W
Access to piped water (% of pop.) 86.8 54 N Mobile telephone subscriptions (subscriptions/100 people) 101.6 1 N Freedom over life choices (% satisfied) 63.1 98 W
Rural access to improved water source (% of pop.) 75.3 94 W Internet users (% of pop.) 54.9 50 N Freedom of religion (1=low; 4=high) 3 55 W
Access to improved sanitation facilities (% of pop.) 90.9 59 N Press Freedom Index (0=most free; 100=least free) 35.4 88 W Early marriage (% of women aged 15-19) 0.17 90 W
Satisfied demand for contraception (% of women) 77.6 41 N
Corruption (0=high; 100=low) 19 128 W
Shelter 61.02 86 W Health and Wellness 71.31 49 N Tolerance and Inclusion 60.58 39 N
Availability of affordable housing (% satisfied) 34.6 103 W Life expectancy (years) 74.5 55 N Tolerance for immigrants (0=low; 100=high) 67.8 43 N
Access to electricity (% of pop.) 100.0 1 N Premature deaths from non-comm. diseases (prob. of dying) 15.7 38 N Tolerance for homosexuals (0=low; 100=high) 46.9 34 S
Quality of electricity supply (1=low; 7=high) 1.7 116 W Obesity rate (% of pop.) 30.8 125 W Discrim. and viol. against minorities (0=low; 10=high) 6.8 80 N
Household air pollution attr. deaths (deaths/100,000) 1.65921 1 N Outdoor air pollution attributable deaths (deaths/100,000) 9.3 35 N Religious tolerance (1=low; 4=high) 3 36 N
Suicide rate (deaths/100,000) 8.3 62 W Community safety net (0=low; 100=high) 89.2 36 N
Personal Safety 25.59 131 W Ecosystem Sustainability 61.83 35 N Access to Advanced Education 46.66 67 N
Homicide rate (1= 20/100,000) 5 113 W Greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalents per GDP) 533.7 4 N Years of tertiary schooling 0.4 62 N
Level of violent crime (1=low; 5=high) 4 105 W Water withdrawals as a percentage of resources 2.3 79 W Women's average years in school 10.7 64 N
Perceived criminality (1=low; 5=high) 5 123 W Biodiv. and habitat (0=no protection; 100=high protection) 92.9 18 S Inequality in the attainment of edu. (0=low; 1=high) 0.18 65 N
Political terror (1=low; 5=high) 3.5 109 W Number of globally ranked universities 4 40 N
Traffic deaths (deaths/100,000) 37.2 129 W
Panama, Romania, Belarus, Uruguay, Lebanon, Turkey,
Azerbaijan, Mexico, Mauritius, Iran, Bulgaria, Brazil, Latvia,
Botswana, and Croatia
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
Social Progress Index rank: 42/133GDP per capita rank: 54/133 BRAZIL
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
BASIC HUMAN NEEDS 71.14 74 W FOUNDATIONS OF WELLBEING 76.21 30 S OPPORTUNITY 65.33 32 S
Nutrition and Basic Medical Care 96.34 61 N Access to Basic Knowledge 96.13 38 N Personal Rights 75.20 33 N
Undernourishment (% of pop.) 5.0 1 N Adult literacy rate (% of pop. aged 15+) 92.6 81 N Political rights (1=full rights; 7=no rights) 2 38 N
Depth of food deficit (cal./undernourished person) 12 52 N Primary school enrollment (% of children) 95.0 52 N Freedom of speech (0=low; 2=high) 1 15 N
Maternal mortality rate (deaths/100,000 live births) 69 71 W Lower secondary school enrollment (% of children) 114.0 1 N Freedom of assembly/association (0=low; 2=high) 2 1 N
Child mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births) 13.7 57 N Upper secondary school enrollment (% of children) 95.3 40 N Freedom of movement (0=low; 4=high) 4 1 N
Deaths from infectious diseases (deaths/100,000) 92.8 78 W Gender parity in secondary enrollment (girls/boys) n/a Private property rights (0=none; 100=full) 50 39 N
Water and Sanitation 84.98 62 N Access to Information and Communications 73.60 54 N Personal Freedom and Choice 71.63 36 N
Access to piped water (% of pop.) 92.1 41 N Mobile telephone subscriptions (subscriptions/100 people) 135.3 1 N Freedom over life choices (% satisfied) 70.4 67 N
Rural access to improved water source (% of pop.) 85.3 77 N Internet users (% of pop.) 51.6 55 N Freedom of religion (1=low; 4=high) 4 1 N
Access to improved sanitation facilities (% of pop.) 81.3 73 W Press Freedom Index (0=most free; 100=least free) 34.0 84 N Early marriage (% of women aged 15-19) 0.04 38 N
Satisfied demand for contraception (% of women) 86.8 10 N
Corruption (0=high; 100=low) 43 52 N
Shelter 67.70 69 N Health and Wellness 73.63 34 N Tolerance and Inclusion 66.45 24 S
Availability of affordable housing (% satisfied) 41.5 86 N Life expectancy (years) 73.6 68 N Tolerance for immigrants (0=low; 100=high) 66.6 50 N
Access to electricity (% of pop.) 98.9 67 N Premature deaths from non-comm. diseases (prob. of dying) 19.4 74 N Tolerance for homosexuals (0=low; 100=high) 64.2 21 S
Quality of electricity supply (1=low; 7=high) 4.1 77 W Obesity rate (% of pop.) 19.5 70 W Discrim. and viol. against minorities (0=low; 10=high) 5.6 49 N
Household air pollution attr. deaths (deaths/100,000) 11.9633 46 N Outdoor air pollution attributable deaths (deaths/100,000) 3.9 18 N Religious tolerance (1=low; 4=high) 3 36 N
Suicide rate (deaths/100,000) 6.4 49 N Community safety net (0=low; 100=high) 89.6 32 N
Personal Safety 35.55 122 W Ecosystem Sustainability 61.49 38 N Access to Advanced Education 48.05 62 N
Homicide rate (1= 20/100,000) 5 113 W Greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalents per GDP) 401.6 4 N Years of tertiary schooling 0.4 65 N
Level of violent crime (1=low; 5=high) 4 105 W Water withdrawals as a percentage of resources 0.9 46 W Women's average years in school 9.3 77 N
Perceived criminality (1=low; 5=high) 4 94 W Biodiv. and habitat (0=no protection; 100=high protection) 66.7 58 N Inequality in the attainment of edu. (0=low; 1=high) 0.25 79 W
Political terror (1=low; 5=high) 4 119 W Number of globally ranked universities 22 3 S
Traffic deaths (deaths/100,000) 22.5 105 W
Botswana, Montenegro, Iraq, Thailand, Bulgaria, Costa Rica,
Iran, Algeria, Mauritius, Mexico, Serbia, Azerbaijan, Lebanon,
Belarus, and South Africa
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress52
PROGRESO SOCIAL, DESIGUALDAD Y POBREZA
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
LA DESIGUALDAD DE INGRESOS NO EXPLICA EL PROGRESO SOCIAL
53
r2 = 0.18
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
LA POBREZA SÍ
54
r2 = 0.70
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress55
¿CÓMO GENERAR ACCIÓN?
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress56
Conectando
innovadores sociales
de distintos sectores en
torno a métricas
accionables para
mejorar el bienestar
humano
RED DE PROGRESO SOCIAL
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
RED DE PROGRESO SOCIAL EN LATINOAMÉRICA
57
• 117 organizaciones(gobierno, sociedad civil, empresas y academia)
• 10 Países
• Brasil
• Chile
• Colombia
• Costa Rica
• El Salvador
• Guatemala
• Panamá
• Paraguay
• Peru
• Trinidad y Tobago
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress
• El Indice Global de Competitividad y el IPS se complementan y nos dan una hoja de ruta
• Sí ocupamos crecer más. Hay variables del progreso social que se afectan rápida y directamente del aumento de los ingresos de las personas.
• Hay una agenda económica ineludible: levantar las barreras a las pymes, controlar la corrupción y la inseguridad, mejorar la infraestructura
• Educación y salud se trasladarán en mayor crecimiento económico
58
Competitividad
51/144
Progreso social
28/133
Hacia una agenda de desarrollo sostenible
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress59
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress60
IMPACTO
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress61
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress62
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress63
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress64
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress65
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress66
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Social Progress Imperative #socialprogress67
PARTICIPA EN LA RED DE PROGRESO SOCIAL
WWW.SOCIALPROGRESSIMPERATIVE.ORG
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