nationalism & monroe doctrine - white plains middle school€¦ · the monroe doctrine and...

Nationalism & Monroe Doctrine

SWBAT • Explain the reasons for issuance of

the Monroe Doctrine and principles of the document

• Evaluate whether the Monroe Doctrine was a policy of self-defense or expansion

Do Now

• Explain what nationalism means to you. How would someone show their nationalism?

James Monroe

• 5th President

• Democratic-Republican

• “Era of Good Feelings” spirit of nationalism swept the country

Nationalism • Monroe and his Sec of State, John Quincy

Adams, wanted to reduce regional tensions by promoting national expansion nationalism

• Nationalism- a feeling of pride in your country

- began after American Revolution, but grew as we acquired and defended our territory, especially after the War of 1812

US Expansion

• How did we acquire our first large piece of land?

US Expansion

1. Louisiana Purchase (1803)

2. Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817)

- Puts 49 degree parallel as our northern border

3. Spain sold Florida to US & ended claim to Oregon territory (1819)

US Expansion • The question government faced:

How was the US going to protect its growing nation from foreign interference?

Background 1. European wars ended- US feared

European renewal of colonization in Western Hemisphere

2. Russia intruded on US Pacific territory

3. Newly independent South American countries- Should we have a relationship with them?

Monroe Doctrine • Monroe Doctrine- 1823

• Read the excerpts of the Monroe Doctrine

• Answer questions with a partner

Monroe Doctrine Doctrine includes:

1. US will not interfere in European Affairs

2. US officially recognized independent countries in South America

Monroe Doctrine

3. US Europe: no more colonization in the Western Hemisphere!

4. Any attempt to colonize in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a direct threat/hostile action toward the US

Monroe Doctrine **This was only a paper declaration… we had no power to enforce this!**

Significance of the Doctrine

1. Continued our policy of neutrality (in European Affairs)

2. Established “US presence” which we still have today

Argument for the Doctrine

• Expansion Argument- justifies our right to expand/colonize North America

• Self-defense Argument- protect our interests in North America

Wrap Up

• How is the geographic location of the US strategic to the Monroe Doctrine?

• How did the Doctrine reflect isolationist/neutrality sentiment of G. Washington?

Missouri Compromise

SWBAT

• Explain how the compromise showed limits of nationalism

Do Now: In the 1800s, what region of the country was Missouri located?

Compromise • With the expansion of the

United States, the following question arose:

- Should slavery be allowed in newly acquired lands?

- During this period the debate was solved politically with compromise

Missouri Compromise • Missouri wanted to join the US as a

new state • Problems: Will it be a slave state or a free state? How will Congress keep politics in

balance (10 slave, 10 free)?

Missouri Compromise • Solution: Henry Clay (Sen.-Kentucky)

• In 1820:

1. Missouri enters as a slave state & Maine (northern dist. of Mass.) enters as a free state

2. Slavery excluded from all territory in LA Territory north of 36°30” parallel line (except Missouri)

Missouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise

• Was the Missouri Compromise effective?

- short-sighted approach

- does not deal with land in the West (Cal, New Mex, Oregon Territory) that would eventually be settled

View of New States NORTH

1. Afraid new territories would be slave states & the South control of the Senate

2. Freed slave labor would compete with white labor

SOUTH 1. Gov’t has no right to

tell citizens they can or cannot take slaves as property into territories

2. Slavery is legal. Fugitive Slave Clause is in the Constitution

Slavery = Legal

In an April 22 letter to John Holmes, Thomas Jefferson wrote that the division of the country created by the

Compromise line would eventually lead to the destruction of the Union:

"...this momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I

considered it at once as the knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a

reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry

passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper."

Question… • Thomas Jefferson said

the Missouri Compromise “filled him with terror.”

-Why might Jefferson have viewed the compromise this way?

Wrap Up • What did the Missouri Compromise suggest

about the limits of nationalism in the United States in the 1820s?

*Some felt regional interests were more important than the larger interests of the nation • How had the government tried to avert a

constitutional crisis? • In your opinion, did the Missouri

Compromise ignite the Civil War?