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NATIONAL BOARD FOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Plot B, Bida Road, P.M.B. 2239, Kaduna, Nigeria
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
AND
ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE
(ANTC)
IN
LEATHER CRAFT
CURRICULUM AND MODULE SPECIFICATIONS
2019
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General Information
Leather Craft
AIM
To give training and impart the necessary skills leading to the production of craftsmen and other skilled personnel who will be
enterprising and self-reliant.
ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS
Craft Programme
Candidates must not be less than 14 years of age and should have successfully completed three years of Junior Secondary education or
its equivalent. Special consideration may be given to sponsored candidates with lower academic qualifications who hold trade test
certificates and are capable of benefiting from the programme.
Advanced Craft Programme
Candidates should possess the National Technical Certificate (NTC), Trade Test Grade II or its equivalent and should have had a
minimum of one year post qualification cognate industrial experience.
The Curriculum
The Curriculum of each programme is broadly divided into three components:
a. General Education, which accounts for 30% of the total hours required for the programme.
b. Trade Theory, Trade Practice and Related Studies which account for 65% and
c. Supervised Industrial Training/Work Experience, which accounts for about 5% of the total hours required for the programme.
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This component of the course which may be taken in industry or in the College production unit is compulsory for the full-time
students.
Included in the curriculum are the teacher’s activity and learning resources required for the guidance of the teacher.
Unit Course/Modules
A Course/Module is defined as a body of knowledge and skills capable of being utilized on its own or as a foundation or pre-requisite
knowledge for more advanced work in the same or other fields of study. Each unit when successfully completed can be used for
employment purposes.
Behavioral Objectives
These are educational objectives, which identify precisely the type of behavior a student should exhibit at the end of a course/module or
programme. Two types of behavioral objectives have been used in the curriculum. They are:
a. General Objectives
b. Specific learning outcomes
General objectives are concise but general statements of the behavior of the students on completion of a unit of the week such as
understanding the principles and application in:
a. Orthographic projection in engineering/technical drawing;
b. Loci in Mathematics
c. Basic concepts of politics and government in Political Science
d. Demand and supply in Economics
Specific learning outcomes are concise statements of the specific behavior expressed in units of discrete practical tasks and related
knowledge the students should demonstrate as a result of the educational process to ascertain that the general objectives of
course/programme have been achieved. They are more discrete and measurable expressions of the scope of the tasks contained in a
teaching unit.
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General Education in Technical Colleges
The General Education component of the curriculum aims at providing the trainee with complete secondary education in critical subjects
like English Language, Economics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Entrepreneurial Studies and Mathematics to enhance the understanding
of machines, tools and materials of their trades and their application as a foundation for post-secondary technical education for the above
average trainee. Hence, it is hoped that trainees who successfully complete their trade and general education may be able to compete
with their secondary school counterparts for direct entry into the Polytechnics, Innovation Enterprise Institutions (IEI) or Colleges of
Education (Technical) for ND, NID or NCE courses respectively.
For the purpose of certification, only the first three courses in mathematics will be required. The remaining modules are optional and
are designed for the above average students.
National Certification
The NTC and ANTC programmes are run by Technical Colleges accredited by NBTE.
NABTEB conducts the final national examination and awards certificates.
Trainees who successfully complete all the courses/modules specified in the curriculum table and passed the national examinations in
the trade will be awarded one of the following certificates:
S/NO LEVEL CERTIFICATE
Technical Programme
1. Craft Level National Technical Certificate (NTC)
2. Advanced Craft Level Advanced National Technical Certificate
(ANTC)
Guidance Notes for Teachers Implementing the Curriculum
The number of hours stated in the curriculum table may be increased or decreased to suit individual institutions’ timetable provided
the entire course content is properly covered and the goals and objectives of each module are achieved at the end of the term.
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The maximum duration of any module in the new scheme is 300 hours. This means that for a term of 15 weeks, the course should be
offered for 20 hours a week. This can be scheduled in sessions of 4 hours in a day leaving the remaining hours for general education.
However, properly organized and if there are adequate resources, most of these courses can be offered in two sessions a day, one in
the morning and the other one in the afternoon. In so doing, some of these programmes may be completed in lesser number of years
than at present.
The sessions of 4 hours include the trade theory and practice. It is left to the teacher to decide when the class should be held in the
workshop or in a lecture room.
Integrated Approach for Teaching Trade Theory, Trade Science and Trade Calculation
The traditional approach of teaching trade science and trade calculation as separate and distinct subjects in Technical College
programmes is not relevant to the new programme as it will amount to a duplication of the teaching of mathematics and physical
science subjects in the course. The basic concepts and principles in mathematics and physical science are the same as in the trade
calculation and trade science. In the new scheme therefore, qualified persons in these fields will teach mathematics and physical
science and the instructors will apply the principles and concepts in solving trade science and calculation problems in the trade theory
classes. To this end, efforts have been made to ensure that mathematics and science modules required to be able to solve technical
problems were taken as pre-requisite to the trade module.
Evaluation of Programme/Module
For the programme to achieve its objectives, any course started at the beginning of a term must terminate at the end of the term.
Instructors should therefore devise methods of accurately assessing the trainees to enable them give the student’s final grades at the
end of the term. A national examination will be taken by all students who have successfully completed their modules. The final award
will be based on the aggregate of the scores attained in the course work and the national examination.
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Curriculum Table (NTC)
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
S/No Subject Code Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Total Hours for Each
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 1 Term 2 Term 3
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P
1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - 1 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132
2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273
3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72
6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 72
7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 - - - - - - 1 2 1 2 - - - 3 - 3 180
8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144
SUBTOTAL
9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008
9 CLS 10 Occupational Health and Safety
1 3
48
10 CLP 10 Basic Skills in Leather Works
- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
11 CLM 11 Introduction to Hides and Skin
- - - - 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 72
12 CLM 12 Principles of Leather Manufacture
- - - - - - 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - 72
13 CLM 13 Light and Heavy Leather Production
- - - - - - - - 2 5 2 5 - - - - - - 240
14 CLM 14 Leather Dyeing and Finishing
- - - - - - - - - - - - 2 5 2 5 - - 240
SUBTOTAL
10 9 2 6 5 10 11 8 9 8 7 8 9 8 7 8 4 6 1008
GRAND TOTAL 19 8 15 19 17 15 17 15 10 1728
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Curriculum Table (NTC)
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
S/No Subject Code
Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Total Hours for Each Term
1 Term 2 Term
3 Term
1 Term
2 Term
3 Term 1 Term
2 Term
3
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P
1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132
2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273
3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72
6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 72
7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 - - - - - - 1 2 1 2 - - - 3 - 3 180
8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144
SUBTOTAL
9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008
9 CLS 10 Occupational Health and Safety
1 3
48
10 CLP 10 Basic Skills in Leather Works
- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
11 CFM 11 Introduction to Footwear Manufacture (Pattern Cutting)
- - 4 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 120
12 CFM 12 Grading & Clicking
- - - - 4 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 120
13 CFM 13 Stitching (Closing) - - - - - - - - 4 6 - - - - - - - - 120
14 CFM 14 Shoe Lasting - - - - - - - - - - 3 6 1 2 - - - - 144
15 CFM 15 Sole Attaching
1 2 3 6
144
16 CFM 16 Footwear Finishing - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 6 120
10 9 5 12 7 12 9 4 11 9 8 9 9 7 8 9 8 12
GRAND TOTAL 19 17 19 13 20 17 16 17 20 1872
8
Curriculum Table (NTC)
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
S/No Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3
9
Subject Code
Term 1
Term 2 Term 3
Term 1
Term 2
Term 3
Term 1 Term 2
Term 3
Total Hours for Each
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P
1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132
2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273
3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135
5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72
6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 72
7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 - - - - - - 1 2 1 2 - - - 3 - 3 180
8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144
SUBTOTAL
9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008
9 CLS 10 Occupational Health and Safety
1 3
48
10 CLP 10 Basic Skills in Leather Works
- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
11 CLG 11 Introduction to Leather Goods Manufacture
4 6
120
12 CLG 12 Pattern Preparation
4 6
120
13 CLG 13 Cutting and Skiving
2 6 2 6
200
14 CLG 14 Sewing
2 4 2 4
150
15 CLG 15 Making and Finishing
2 4 2 4 150
10 9 6 12 7 12 9 4 9 9 7 9 9 7 9 11 6 10
GRAND TOTAL 19 18 19 13 18 16 16 20 16 1844
Curriculum Table (NTC)
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN HIDES AND SKIN PRODUCTION
S/No Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3
10
Subject Code
Term 1
Term 2 Term 3
Term 1
Term 2
Term 3
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3
Total Hours for Each
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P
1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 216
2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 288
3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 288
4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 288
5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 216
6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - - - -
- 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 120
7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 324
8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - - 288
SUBTOTAL
9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008
9 CLS 10 Occupational Health and Safety
1 3
48
10 CLP 10 Basic Skills in Leather Works
- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
11 CHS 11 Introduction to Hides and Skin
4 6
120
12 CHS 12 Slaughtering and Flaying
4 6
120
13 CHS 13 Selection, Grading, Storage and Transportation
4 6
120
14 CHS 14 Regulation Governing Hides and Skin Trade
4 1
60
10 9 6 12 7 12 9 4 11 9 5 3 7 3 9 4 4 6
GRAND TOTAL 19 18 19 13 20 8 10 13 10 1524
Curriculum Table (ANTC)
ANTC LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
11
S/NO SUBJECT CODE MODULE YEAR 1 Total Hours for Each
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3
T P T P T P
1. CMA 21 - 22 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 72
2. CEN 21 - 22 English 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
3. CEC 21 - 23 Economics 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
4. CBM 21 Entrepreneurship 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
6. CBB 21-22 Biology 1 2 1 2 1 2 108
7. ICT 20 ICT 1 2 - - - - 36
8. ICT 21 - 22 Auto CAD 1 & 2 - - 1 2 1 2 72 -
9. CLG 21 Bag Making 2 6 2 6 2 6 300
10.
GRAND TOTAL 9 10 9 10 9 10 696
Curriculum Table (ANTC)
ANTC IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
12
S/NO SUBJECT CODE MODULE YEAR 1 Total Hours for Each
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3
T P T P T P
1. CMA 21 - 22 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 72
2. CEN 21 - 22 English 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
3. CEC 21 - 23 Economics 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
4. CBM 21 Entrepreneurship 1 - 1 - 1 - 36
6. CBB 21-22 Biology 1 2 1 2 1 2 108
7. ICT 20 ICT 1 2 - - - - 36
8. ICT 21 - 22 Auto CAD 1 & 2 - - 1 2 1 2 72 -
9. CLG 21 Footwear Manufacture 2 6 2 6 2 6 300
GRAND TOTAL 9 10 9 10 9 10 696
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN
FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 11 Total Hours:
Year: ONE Term: 1&2 Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week
Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with an understanding of methods of constructing geometric figures as
well as the use of algebra to solve mathematical problems.
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General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols
2. Solve problems involving simple equations
3. Understand the properties of lines and angles.
4. Understand the types and properties of polygons.
5. Use instruments to carry out simple geometrical constructions
6. Understand the theorem of Pythagoras and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving right angled triangles.
7. Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.
Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICAT
Course Code: CMA 12 Total Hours: 84hrs.
Course: MATHEMATICS
Theoretical: 3 hours/week
Year: ONE Term: 1&2
Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week
Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with an understanding of methods of constructing geometric figures as well as the use of
algebra to solve mathematical problems.
General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols
2. Solve problems involving simple equations
3. Understand the properties of lines and angles.
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4. Understand the types and properties of polygons.
5. Use instruments to carry out simple geometrical constructions
6. Understand the theorem of Pythagoras and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving right angled triangles.
7. Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.
Theoretical Content Practical Content
Yr 1 t1 General Objective1.0: Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1-3
1.1 Define and give examples of simple algebraic expressions.
1.2 Identify like and unlike
terms
1.3 Add, subtract, multiply and
divide simple algebraic
expressions.
1.4 Introduce and remove
brackets.
• Use questions
and answers to
discuss like and
unlike terms.
•Give examples
and solve simple
expansions and
literal statements.
. Chalkboard
. Textbooks
. Flash Cards
15
1.5 Change literal statements
into symbolic forms.
1.6 Solve problems in
symbolic form.
Theoretical Content Practical Content
Yr1t1 General Objective 2.0: Solve problems involving simple equations
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
4-6
2.1 Define simple equations.
2.2 Solve simple equations
e.g. 5a+ 6 = 3a + 4
2.3 Form equations from literal
statements and solve them.
2.4 Construct and evaluate
formulae
2.5 Change the subject of any
formulae
•Discuss
equations from
literal statements.
• Explain the
meaning of simple
equations.
• Solve examples
on equations and
change of subject
of formulae.
. Chalkboard
. Textbooks
. Charts on
definition of simple
equation and use of
equation and use of
equality sign.
General Objective: 3.0 Understand the properties of lines and angles.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
7-8 3.1 Define point, line, parallel
lines, straight lines, curve,
• Explain point
and a curve and
. Chalkboard
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perpendicular and horizontal
lines.
3.2 Identify the different types
of angles e.g. acute, obtuse,
right angle; reflex angle; 30°,
60° and 75° etc.
complimentary and
supplementary angles;
adjacent angles; vertically
opposite angles, alternate and
correspondence angles.
why they have no
width.
•Explain the
different types of
angles.
• Explain what a
line is and give
examples of lines.
. Textbooks
. Mathematical sets
. set of squares
Yr 1t1 General Objective: 4.0 Understand the types and properties of polygons.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
9-12
4.1 Identify the various parts of
shapes.
4.2 Identify types of polygons
e.g. pentagon, hexagon,
heptagon, octagon, decagon
4.3 Identify the types of
triangles: equilateral triangles,
isosceles triangles, right
angled triangles and scalene
triangles.
4.4 Identify the types of
quadrilateral: rhombus,
parallelograms, squares, kite,
etc.
•Explain the
various parts of
shapes.
• Explain the
different types
and properties of
polygons.
•Lead students to
calculate the
interior and
exterior angles of
polygon.
• Chalkboard
• Textbook
• Mathematical set
•Students to
produce models of
triangles and
quadrilaterals.
• Lead students to
produce models of
triangles and
quadrilaterals.
•Cellotape
•Rulers
•Charts
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4.5 Apply the sum of the
angles of a triangle/polygon to
calculate any interior or
exterior angle of a
triangle/polygon.
4.6 Apply the sum of interior
angles of a polygon of n sides
to calculate any interior &
exterior angle: using the
formulae:
a. (2n - 4) right angles where n
= number of sides of the
polygon
b. the sum of the exterior
angles of a polygon is 4 right
angles.
Yr1t2 General Objective: 5.0 Use instruments to carryout simple geometrical constructions.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1-5
5.1 Use protractors, rulers and
compasses to draw angles of
any size.
5.2 Bisect straight lines and
angles.
5.3 Construct a line parallel/
perpendicular to a given line
•Leads students to
construct different
angles using
protractors, rulers
and compasses
•Leads students to
bisect given lines
and angles.
•Leads students to
construct simple
• Protractors,
•Ruler and
compass.
• Set squares
• Pair of dividers
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5.4 Construct an angles equal
to a given angle e.g. 30°; 45°,
60°, 90°, 120°; etc.
5.5 Divide a line segment into
a given number of equal parts
or into parts in a given ratio
5.6 Construct triangles and
quadrilateral using geometrical
instruments.
geometrical shapes
like triangles and
quadrilateral.
Yr.
1t2
General Objective 6.0: Understand the theorem of Pythagorean and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving
triangles.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
6-8
6.1 Explain the theorem of
Pythagoras.
6.2 Prove the Pythagoras
theorem.
6.3 Apply the theorem of
Pythagoras, to find any side of
a right angled triangle when
two sides are given
• Show how to
prove Pythagoras
theorem.
•Leads students
to find unknown
side of a right
angled triangle
using Pythagoras’
theorem.
•Chalkboard
•Charts
•Models
• Textbooks
General Objective 7.0: : Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Teacher’s Activities Resources
9-12
7.1 Identify and draw various
types of solid shapes e.g.,
cuboid, cylinder; cone,
pyramids, prisms, hemisphere,
•Show different
types of solid
shapes to
students
• Show how to
use formula to
. Solid Shapes
•Charts
•Models of solid
shapes
• Textbooks
•Chalkboard
•Construct models
of solid shapes.
• Construction of
models of solid
shapes.
• Lead students to
construct models
of solid shapes.
. Solid Shapes
•Charts
•Models of solid
shapes
•Cardboard
• Textbook
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and frustum of cone and
pyramid.
7.2 Calculate surface areas of
the shapes listed in 7.1 above.
7.3 Calculate the volumes of
the figures listed in 7.1 above.
7.4 Calculate the volumes of
the containers and hollow
solids, pipes and hollow
bricks.
calculate various
shapes.
•Show how to use
formula to
calculate area of
various shapes.
•Show how to use
formula to
calculate volume
of various shapes
• Scissors
•Gum
•Cellotape
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PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN
FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 13 Total Hours: 108 hours
Year: 1 & 2 Semester:1,2 & 3 Pre-requisite: CMA 12 Practical: hours/week
Goal: This module is aimed at providing the trainee with the knowledge of statistics, linear expressions and application of trigonometric ratios to problems..
General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to
1. Define statistics and stages involved in statistics.
.2. Prepare frequency table and represent statistical data in pictorial form and charts.
3. Calculate statistical averages.
4. Simplify algebraic expressions.
5. Know the factorization of algebraic expressions.
6. Plot graphs of simple algebraic expressions.
7. Understand the trigonometric ratios and their application in solvingproblems.
8. Understand the sine and cosine rules in solving problems.
9. Know distances along lines of latitudes and longitudes.
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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 14 Total Hours: 72 hrs
Year: Two Term:2 & 3 Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week
Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge of quadratic equations, properties of geometric figures and probability.
General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Solve linear simultaneous equations in two unknown variables
2. Solve and formulate quadratic equations
3. Know the conditions of congruency of triangles
4. Know the properties of parallelograms and the application of these properties in solving problems involving quadrilaterals
5. Understand the term “probability”
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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: MATHEMATICS Y 2 T 1 Course Code: CMA 15 Theoretical: 3hours/week
Year: THREE Term:1,2 &3 Pre-requisite: CMA 14 Practical: 1hour/week
Goal: This module is aimed at providing the trainee with knowledge of methods of calculating areas of regular and irregular figures
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Identify parts of the circle, calculate the area and circumference of the circle.
2. Solve problems involving chords, areas of segments and sectors of a circle.
3. Understand and use the mid-pint and intercept theorems
4. Identify and construct locus of a point in two dimensions.
5. Understand the proofs and application of the theorems relating to the chords and tangents of circle
6. Solve problems involving areas of irregular shapes.
7. Understand the properties of similar triangles and their application in solving simple problems on geometry
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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATEIN FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
COURSE: English Language and
Communication
MODULE: CEN 11 – Oral English and Reading Yr
1t1
DURATION:
2hr/wk
GOAL: This module is designed to enable the students speak correctly and fluently, and to read up to an average speed of 200 words
Per minute.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Know how to speak clearly and intelligently.
2. Know how to listen effectively to and participate in conversation.
3. Understand the various types of reading.
4. Know how to read a passage with understanding at a given speed.
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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 12 – Grammar Yr 1 t 2 DURATION: 2hr/wk
GOAL: This module is designed to enable the students acquire the necessary grammatical skills for both oral/written English
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1.0 Understand the meaning and the structural patterns in English
2.0 Understand the use of idiomatic expressions and figures of speech.
25
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: English Language and Communication -
Year 1t3
MODULE: CEN 13
Literature
DURATION: 2
hours/WK
GOAL: This module is designed to help the students read literature materials for enjoyment and appreciation
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Read any literary material with understanding.
2. Appreciate any literary material read and discuss intelligently.
3. Acquire the necessary ability in reading, understanding and discussion of literary material.
4. Appreciate any given literary piece, associating the text to real life experiences and situations.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
26
COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 14: Comprehension and Summary
Writing Yr 2 t 1
DURATION:
2hours/Wk
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the students with the ability to construct a meaningful paragraph in simple correct English, read
and summarize voluminous texts and further vocabulary development.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Know how to write a paragraph in simple, correct English.
2. Find out facts from a passage and interpret that passage.
3. Summarize a given passage.
4. Understand the meaning of lexical items in some registers.
27
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 15 Correspondence Yr 2 t 2 DURATION: 3 hours Wk
GOAL: This module is designed to help the students to be able to understand, interpret and write different types of official and
Social correspondence.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES: On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Know the different types of correspondence and be able to write simple and effective letters.
2. Gain proficiency in writing different types of letters.
3. Evaluate specimen letters for the purpose of appreciating them objectively and rewriting them correctly.
28
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: English Language and Communication Yr 3 t 1 & 2 MODULE: CEN 16 - Essay
Writing
DURATION: 3
hours/Wk
GOAL: This module is designed to equip the students with the skills and techniques for writing good essays and good reports.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Know how to write an essay using given ideas.
2. Know how to write an essay on a given topic, using simple correct English.
3. Understand the meaning and uses of reports.
4. Know the techniques for collecting data for report writing.
29
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE
COURSE: English Language and Communication Yr 3 t 3 MODULE: CEN 17 - Report Writing DURATION: 2 hours/wk
GOAL: This module is intended to provide the students with the knowledge and skills required to read, interpret and write
good and comprehensive reports.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
On completion of this module, the students should be able to:
1. Know how to present reports orally or in writing in a clear, orderly and detailed manner.
2. Interpret and analyze any given report.
30
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY
COURSE CODE: CBI 11
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 1 HOUR/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK.
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students to the fundamentals of biology as a branch of science, the scope of biology, the scientific
method of studying biology and the relevance of biology.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand Biology as a science.
2. Know various branches of biology and their inter-relationship.
3. Understand general characteristics of living and non-living things.
4. Know the differences between plants and animals
5. Understand basic classification of plants and animals.
6. Know the relevance of Biology
31
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION
OF LIFE
Course Code: CBI 12 Theoretical: 1hour/week
YEAR: 1
TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: NIL Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This course is designed to acquaint student with the micro-structural study of external and internal structure of a cell, the
organization of life and properties and functions of living cells.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand the concept of microscopy.
2. Understand the structure of a cell
3. Understand cell as a living unit and forms in which living cells exist.
4. Understand the organization of life
5. Understand cell in relation to an environment.
6. Know the properties and functions of a living cell.
32
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RERPODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS AND ECOLOGICAL
CONCEPTS
COURSE CODE: CBI 13
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 1 HOUR/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to teach student the stages of cell division, basic principles of reproduction in plants and animals,
as well as basic ecological concepts.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Know stages of cell division.
2. Understand reproduction in plants and animals
3. Understand supporting tissues in plants
4. Understand basic ecological concepts.
33
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: FLOWERING PLANTS AND SOIL SCIENCE 1
COURSE CODE: CBI 21
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 13
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students into the interrelationships between plants and soil
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand the structure of a flowering plant.
2. Understand reproduction in plants.
3. Understand the process of transpiration and mineral requirements in plants.
4. Understand the process of photosynthesis and respiration in plants.
34
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: FLOWERING PLANTS AND SOIL SCIENCE II
COURSE CODE: CBI 22
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 21
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students into the interrelationships between the plants and soil
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand tropism in plants.
2. Know the constituents, structures and characteristics of soil.
3. Understand the various methods of soil and plant conservation and improvement.
35
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: ANIMAL BIOLOGY
COURSE CODE: CBI 23
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 13
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students into general features and characteristics of animals (vertebrates and
Invertebrates).
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Know the external features and characteristics of invertebrate animals.
2. Know the external features and characteristics of vertebrates.
3. Know the different types of skeleton and supporting systems in animals
4. Know the different types of bones that make up the mammalian skeleton
5. Know the different types of joints in the body of a mammal.
6. Understand dentition of mammals.
36
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: ANIMAL METABOLISM
COURSE CODE: CBI 31
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 23
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students to the theoretical and practical knowledge of the internal organs of
animals (vertebrates and invertebrates) and their mechanism of operation.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand the mode of animal nutrition.
2. Understand the main features of the circulatory system of animals and the functions of its components.
3. Understand the process of respiration and the respiratory organ in animals
4. Understand the different excretory organs and excretory products of animals.
37
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
COURSE CODE: CBI 32
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 23 & 31
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to acquaint student with the theoretical and practical knowledge of reproduction process in
animals and the basic concepts of genetics.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand the process of reproduction in animals.
2. Understand control and co-ordination in animals.
3. Understand the basic concepts of genetics.
38
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY
COURSE: ECOLOGY AND CONTROL OF DISEASES
COURSE CODE: CBI 33
PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 31 & 32
CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students to interrelationship between living organisms and its environment
and also, to provide the student with understanding of control and prevention of diseases of both plants and animals.
General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:
1. Understand basic concepts in ecology.
2. Know the various diseases of man and their causative agents
3. Know the various forms or pollution (water, air and land)
39
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 11 Theoretical: 1hour/week
Year: 1
TERM: 1 Pre-requisite: NIL Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general principles of chemistry
such as application of and career opportunities in chemistry, Nature of matter, the structure of atoms, separation techniques,
kinetic theory of matter and gas laws
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand the general principles of chemistry such as application of and career opportunities in chemistry, nature of
matter, change in state of matter and separation techniques.
2.0 Understand the general concepts of Atoms, Molecules, Symbols of Elements and Formulae of Compounds
3.0 Understand the kinetic theory of matter and gas laws.
40
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 12 Theoretical: 1hour/week
Year: 1 TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: CCH11 Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general principles of chemistry
such as arrangement of electrons in an atom (Electronic Configuration), laws of chemical combination and shapes of simple
molecules.
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand the arrangement of electrons in an atom (Electronic Configuration) and chemical combination
2.0 Understand the shapes of simple molecules
3.0 Understand relationships between Van der waal forces and hydrogen bonding.
4.0 Understand the variation of melting and boiling points of noble gases and some simple compounds in terms of van der waals
and hydrogen bonding.
5.0 Understand the laws of chemical combinations
6.0 Understand the arrangement of elements in the periodic table.
7.0 Understand the application of periodic law in the construction of the Periodic Table
8.0 Understand the periodic properties and their relationships for the first twenty (20) elements across a periodic table and down
group.
9.0 Understand stoichiometry and chemical reactions
10.0 Understand the basic rules for writing balanced equations
41
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 13 Theoretical: 1hour/week
Year: 1
TERM: 3 Pre-requisite: CCH12 Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general principles of chemistry
such as Mole, Avogadro’s Number & Molar Volume, properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts and principle of
acid/base titrations using appropriate indicators
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand Mole, Avogadro’s Number & Molar Volume
2.0 Understand the basic preparation of standard solutions
3.0 Understand the relationship of vapour pressure with the boiling points of liquid..
4.0 understand the fundamental concept of energy and energy changes
5.0 Understand heats of reaction, formation, combustion, neutralization and solution
6.0 Understand the properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts.
7.0 Understand conductance of acids, bases and salts
8.0 Understand acidity and alkalinity with respect to pH scale..
9.0 Understand the principle of acid/base titrations using appropriate indicators
42
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 14 Theoretical: 2hour/week
Year: 2 TERM: 1 Pre-requisite: CCH13 Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general physical concept of chemistry
such as redox reaction, electrolysis, and activity series of metals.
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand rates of reaction, activation energy and collision theory
2.0 Understand the principle and concept of an electrochemical cell.
3.0 Understand primary and secondary cells.
4.0 Understand the concept of electrolysis, rusting and corrosion
5.0 Electrochemical and activity series of metals
43
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 15 Theoretical: 2hour/week
Year: 2 TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: CCH14 Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general concept of chemistry
such as rates of reaction, activation energy, chemical equilibrium, collision theory and metal extraction from their ores.
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand rates of reaction, activation energy and collision theory.
2.0 Understand chemical equilibrium and le-chatelier’s principle
3.0 Understand the methods of extraction of aluminium, iron, gold and tin from their ores..
4.0 Know the common alloys of copper, aluminium, lead and iron and their uses
44
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 16 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 2 TERM: 3 Pre-requisite: CCH15 Practical: 1hour /week
GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general concept of chemistry of
nonmetals such as occurrence, properties, uses and examples of their compounds
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand occurrence, preparation, properties and uses of some common non – metals and their compounds.
2.0 Understand the properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts.
45
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 17 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 3
TERM: 1 Pre-requisite: CCH16 Practical: 1hour /week
Goal: This module is designed to acquaint the students with the techniques of identifying structure and naming of organic
compounds and also to provide the student with an understanding of the application of chemical processes in industrial
production.
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand the meaning of organic chemistry and classification of organic compounds
2.0 Understand the structure and properties of aromatic hydrocarbons
3.0 Understand the occurrence, refining, cracking process of petroleum and uses of the fractions
4.0 Understand qualitative determination of elements present in an organic compound to determine the empirical and molecular
formulae.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 18 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 3 TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: CCH17 Practical: 1hour /week
Goal: This module is designed to acquaint the students with the techniques of identifying structure and naming of organic
compounds and also to provide the student with an understanding of the application of chemical processes in industrial
production.
46
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand basic chemistry of alkanols
2.0 Understand the basic chemistry of alkanoic acids
3.0 Understand the basic chemistry of akanoates.
4.0 Understand the basic chemistry of polymers (macro molecules).
5.0 Understand the chemistry of carbohydrates.
6.0 Understand the basic chemistry of proteins and amino acids
7.0 Understand the principle of nuclear chemistry (radioactivity).
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY
MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 19 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 3 TERM: 3 Pre-requisite: CCH18 Practical: 1hour /week
47
Goal: This module is designed to acquaint the students with the techniques of identifying structure and naming of organic
compounds and also to provide the student with an understanding of the application of chemical processes in industrial
production.
General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Understand industrial and environmental chemistry
2.0 Understand the classification and sources of food stuff with respect to their raw materials.
3.0 Understand the concept of environmental pollution.
Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 11 Theoretical: 2 hours/week
Year: 1 Term: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: hours/week
48
Goal: The module is aimed at introducing the trainee to the Basic Elements and subject matter of Economics.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Understand the basic concept in economics
2. Understand the basic tools for economics
3. Understand the basic concept in production
4. Understand land as a factor of production
5. Understand labour as a factor of production
6. Understand capital as a factor of production
7. Know the role of the entrepreneur
8. Understand division and specialization of labour
9. Understand scale of production
10. Production Possibility Curve (PPC)
11. Understand the law of variable proportions/diminishing returns.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 12 Theoretical: 2 hours/week
Year: 1 Term 2 Pre-requisite: CEC 11 Practical: hours/week
49
Goal: The module is designed to introduce the trainee to basic elements of population studies and the organization of human and
material resources in the production of goods and services.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand concepts in population studies
2.0 Understand population dynamics
3.0 Understand the concept of labour market
4.0 Appreciate the role of labour unions
5.0 Understand the concept of business organization
6.0 Understand sole proprietorship
7.0 Understand partnership
8.0 Understand limited liability company
9.0 Understand stocks and shares
10.0 Understand co-operatives
11.0 Understand public corporations.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 13 Theoretical: 2 hours/week
50
Year: 1 Term: 3 Pre-requisite: CEC 12 Practical: hours/week
Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the rationale for consumer behavior
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Appreciate the laws of demand
2.0 Understand the laws of supply
3.0 Understand consumer behavior
4.0 Understand the concept of elasticity of demand
5.0 Understand the concept of elasticity of supply
6.0 Understand the concept of equilibrium
7.0 Understand the price system
8.0 Understand the concept of revenue
9.0 Know cost concept.
Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 21 Theoretical: 2 hours/week
Year: 2 Term 1 Pre-requisite:CEC 13 Practical: hours/week
Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the rationale for consumer behavior
51
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand the distribution chain
2.0 Understand concept of market
3.0 Understand perfect competition
4.0 Understand imperfect competition
5.0 Understand Monopoly
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 22 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 2 Term: 2 Pre-requisite: CEC 21 Practical: hours/week
52
Goal: This module is designed to equip the trainee with knowledge of the dynamics and operation of the financial system
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Understand money
2. Understand inflation
3. Understand deflation
4. Understand devaluation of the currency
5. Understand tariffs
6. Understand the banking system
7. Understand Central Bank
8. Know other financial institutions
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 23 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 2 Term: 3 Pre-requisite: CEC 22 Practical: hours/week
53
Goal: The module is designed to equip the trainee with a good grip of the operations of the agricultural and industrial sectors of the
Nigerian economy and the elements of international trade.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Understand the agricultural sector of Nigeria
2. Understand industrialization in Nigeria
3. Understand industrial development process in Nigeria
4. Understand international trade
5. Appreciate the concept of Import and export.
6. Appreciate the concept of balance of payment
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 31 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 3 Term: 1 Pre-requisite: CEC 23 Practical: hours/week
54
Goal: The module is designed to give the trainee a good understanding of government income and expenditure and an overview of
national income accounting
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Understand public finance
2. Understand the budget
3. Understand national income
4. Understand national/public debt
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE
Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 32 Theoretical: 2hours/week
Year: 3 Term: 2 Pre-requisite: CEC 31 Practical: hours/week
55
Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the problems of economic growth and national development
and the impact of Nigeria’s relationship with other nations of the world on the nation’s economy
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Appreciate economic growth
2. Understand economic development
3. Understand International economic organizations
4. Understand economic integration
56
PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: Entrepreneurship Course Code: CBM 11 Total Hours: 2 hours/week
Year: II Term : I , II , III Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours/week
Goal: The intent of the course is to promote the knowledge of small scale business formations and management to trainees who may
wish to operate their own small scale businesses after training.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Understand the concept of Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur, Business and Small scale Business
2. Understand the Process of identification of business opportunities.
3. Understand the process of registration of small scale business.
4. Understand the basic methods of financing business.
5. Understand the methods of customers care in small scale business.
6. Understand the challenges of small scale business in Nigeria and strategies for overcoming them.
7. Understand the process, methods and importance of record keeping in small scale business.
57
Year II
Term I
Theoretical Practical
General Objective:1.0: Understand the meaning of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur, Business and Small scale Business
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s
Activities
Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources
1-4 1.1 Define Entrepreneurship Explain
Entrepreneurship
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Discuss Entrepreneurship Guide students to know
Entrepreneurship • Internet and
relevant web sites
1.2 Define Entrepreneur and identify his. Qualities
Explain
Entrepreneur and
his qualities
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Discuss Entrepreneur and his qualities
Guide students to know
the meaning of
Entrepreneur and his
qualities
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Invite an Entrepreneur to interact with students
1.3 List the various types of Entrepreneurs
Explain the
various types of
Entrepreneurs
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• State the various types of Entrepreneurs
Guide students to know
the various types of
Entrepreneurs
• Internet and relevant web sites
1.4 Define Business and Small scale business.
Explain Business
and Small scale
business
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Discuss Business and Small scale business
Guide students to know
the meaning of
business and small scale
business
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Visit to a model small scale business
1.5 List the various types of business formations.
a. Sole Proprietorship b. Partnership
Compare and
contrast the
features of the
various types of
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Discuss and state the features of various types of business formations.
Guide students to know
the various types of
business formations.
• Internet and relevant web sites
58
General Objective: 2.0: Understand the Process of identification of business opportunities.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s
Activities
Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources
5-8
2.1Define Business opportunities
Explain Business
opportunities
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Define Business opportunities
Guide students to know
the meaning of Business
opportunities
• Internet and relevant web sites
2.2 Explain the process of
identification of business
opportunities.
• Monitoring of business environment
Explain the
process of
identification of
business
opportunities.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss the process of
identification of business
opportunities.
Guide students to
understand the process
of identification of
business opportunities.
• Internet and relevant web sites
c. Limited liability Company
business
formations
• Invite an Entrepreneur to interact with students
1.6 Identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the types of
business formations in 1.5
above.
Explain the
advantages and
disadvantages of
the types of
business
formations in 1.5
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the types of business formations
Guide students to know
the advantages and
disadvantages of types
of business formations
• Internet and relevant web sites
59
• Generation of business ideas
• Choice of location
• Conducting a feasibility study
• Recognition of obstacles and devising ways to overcome them.
• Planning of operational strategies
• Deciding on the nature of business formation.
2.3 Identify the areas of small
scale business opportunities in
Nigeria e.g.
• Welding
• Woodwork
• Arts and Crafts
• I.C.T
• Manufacturing e.g. soap making, yogurt , zobo Textile etc.
Explain the areas
of small scale
Business
opportunities in
Nigeria.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State areas of small scale
business opportunities in
Nigeria.
Guide students to
identify the areas of
small scale business
opportunities in Nigeria
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Visits to sites such as welding workshops , business centers etc.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand the process of registration and formation of small scale businesses.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s
Activities
Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources
9-12
3.1 Explain the process of
registration and formation of small
scale business.
Explain the
process of
registration and
formation of
small scale
business.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Define registration and
Formation of small scale
business.
Guide students to know
the meaning of
registration and
formation of small scale
business.
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Visits existing small scale business.
60
3.2Identifythe factors of
production
• Land
• Labour
• Capital • Entrepreneur
Explain the
factors of
production
•
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker.
Discuss the factors of
production
Guide students to know
the factors of production
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Interaction with entrepreneurs
3.3 Explain the role of Entrepreneurship in small
scale business
Explain the role of Entrepreneurship in small scale business
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss the role of Entrepreneurship in small scale business
Guide students to know the role of Entrepreneurship in
small scale business
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Interaction with entrepreneurs
61
Theoretical Practical
Year II
Term II
General Objective: 4.0: Understand methods of financing small scale businesses.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s
Activities
Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources
1-4
4.1 Define business financing.
Explain the
meaning of
business financing
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Define Business financing
Guide students to know
the meaning of business
financing
Internet and relevant
web sites
4.2 Identify the sources of business financing and their advantages / disadvantages. • Equity sources
• Debt sources
Explain the
sources of
business financing
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State the of sources of
business financing
Guide students to know
the sources of business
financing
• Internet and relevant web sites
4.3 Identify governmental sources of financing business e.g. NDE; NAPEP etc.
Explain governmental sources of financing business e.g. NDE; NAPEP etc.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State governmental sources of financing business
Guide students to know the governmental sources of financing business
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Visit to some of the institutions
4.4 Identify non-governmental sources of financing business e.g. cooperative societies , banks etc.
Explain the non- governmental sources of financing business
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State the non- governmental sources of financing business
Guide students to know non- governmental sources of financing business
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Visit to some of the institutions
General Objective: 5.0: Understand methods of customer care in small scale business.
5-12 5.1 Define customer and customer
care .
• Explain the terms customer and customer care .
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
• Discuss customer and customer care .
• Guide students to know the meaning of customer and customer care .
• Internet and relevant web sites
62
5.2 Identify types of customers a. Passive customers b. All knowing Customers c. Cynic Customers d. Mouners customers
Explain types of customers
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State types of customers
Guide students to know types of customers
• Internet and relevant web sites
5.3 Identify the principles of quality service.
Explain the principles of quality service.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss the principle of
quality service.
Guide students to understand the principle of quality service.
• Internet and relevant web sites
5.4 Explain causes of customer dissatisfaction.
Explain causes of customer dissatisfaction.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss causes of customer
dissatisfaction.
Guide students to understand causes of customer dissatisfaction.
• Internet and relevant web sites
• Personal visit to long standing
5.5 Identify causes of conflict with customers
Explain causes of conflict with customers
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss causes of conflict with customers
Guide students to understand causes of conflict with customers
• Internet and relevant web sites
5.6 Identify solutions to causes of conflicts with customers
Proffer solutions to causes of conflicts with customers
• Text books
• Marker Board Marker
Proffer solutions to causes
of conflicts with customers
Guide students to understand solutions to causes of conflicts with customers
• Internet and relevant web sites
63
Year II
Term III
General Objective: 6.0: Understand the challenges of small scale businesses in Nigeria and strategies for overcoming them.
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources
6.1 Define the terms
Problems/ Challenges
Explain the terms
Problems/ Challenges
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss the terms Problems/
challenges
Guide students to know
the meaning of
Problems/ Challenges
• Internet and relevant web sites
6.2Identify the Problems of
small scale business in Nigeria.
Explain the problems of small scale business in Nigeria
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Identify Problems of small
scale business in Nigeria.
Guide students to know the Problems of small scale business in Nigeria.
• Internet and relevant web sites
6.3Identify the strategies for
overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria
Explain the strategies for overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Identify the strategies for
overcoming the problems
facing small scale business in
Nigeria
Guide students to know the strategies for overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria
• Internet and relevant web sites
General Objective: 7.0: Understand the methods and importance of record keeping in small scale business
7.1 Define record, record
keeping and record
management
Explain record, record
keeping and record
management
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Define record, record keeping
and record management
Guide students to know
the meaning of record,
record keeping and
record management
• Internet and relevant web sites
7.2Explain the process of
record keeping.
Explain the process
of record keeping.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Discuss the process of record
keeping.
Guide students to know
the process of record
keeping.
Internet and relevant
web sites
7.3Identify methods of record
keeping.
Identify methods of
record keeping.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
Explain methods of record
keeping.
Guide students to know
methods of record
keeping.
Internet and relevant
web sites
7.4 Explain the importance
of record keeping.
Explain the
importance of
record keeping.
• Text books
• Marker Board
• Marker
State the importance of
record keeping.
Guide students to know
the importance of
record keeping.
Internet and relevant
web sites
64
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
COURSE CODE: ICT 11
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 HOURS
GOAL: This course is designed to provide students with basic knowledge of computer.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Understand the concept of computer structure and processes
2.0 Know the different operating System.
3.0 Understand the use of Internet as a source of Information
4.0 Know how to Assemble Computer.
5.0 Understand the basic principle of Troubleshooting.
65
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL TECHNICAL
CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 1
COURSE CODE: ICT 12
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 Hours
GOAL: This course is intended to empower students with skills of Computer Application.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Understand Computer Application using MS Word.
2.0 Know how to Format text Document.
3.0 Understand the use of Microsoft Word Advance features.
4.0 Understand Computer Application using Microsoft PowerPoint
5.0 Know how to Edit Microsoft Power Point Presentation
6.0 Understand the use of Microsoft Power Point Advanced features.
66
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION II
COURSE CODE: ICT 13
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 Hours
GOAL: This course is designed to equip students with data and record management skills.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Understand Computer Application using Microsoft Excel.
2.0 Know the Use of Functions and formula in Microsoft Excel.
3.0 Know how to format Excel Workbook/Worksheet.
4.0 Understand Microsoft Excel Advanced features.
5.0 Understand Computer Application using MS Access.
6.0 Understand Database Construction and Formatting.
67
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: AUTOCAD 1
COURSE CODE: ICT 14
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 HOURS
GOAL: This course is designed to introduce student to based knowledge in Computer based Design Software.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Understand Computer Application using AutoCAD
68
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: AUTOCAD II
COURSE CODE: ICT 15
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36
GOAL: This course is intended to equip the student with the Advanced Skills in Computer based design software.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Know Computer Application using AutoCAD.
69
PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)
COURSE: BASIC NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS
COURSE CODE: ICT 16
TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 Hours
GOAL: The course is designed to equip the student with Skill knowledge of basic concept of Computer
Networking.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Understand the Concept and Implementation of Computer Networking.
70
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: Technical Drawing Course Code: CTD 11 Theoretical: 1 hour/week
Year: ONE Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours/week
Goal: This module is to train the students to interpret and make simple drawings.
General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Practice the various forms of engineering drawing principles in the manufacturing and construction industries.
2.0 Name and explain the uses of various drawing instruments and equipments.
3.0 List and apply types of lines and forms of lettering.
4.0 Carry out simple geometrical constructions.
5.0 Apply the basic principles of free-hand sketching and pictorial drawings.
6.0 State the principles of dimensioning and make dimensioning of simple drawings.
7.0 Apply the of orthographic drawing in illustrating simple pictorial/orthographic projections
8.0 State the principles of sectioning and draw sections of simple pictorial/ orthographic drawings.
71
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
COURSE; Descriptive Geometry Course Code: CTD 12 Total Hours: 106
Course Specification:
Course: Geometrical Drawing Theoretical: 1 hour/week
Year: Two Pre-requisite: CTD 11 Practical: 2 hours/week
Goal: This module is intended to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge Engineering drawings.
General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. State correctly the principles and application of loci
2. Determine the true lengths, angles and surfaces from given projected view
3. Draw simple auxiliary plans and elevations
4. Determine the line of intersection between meeting surfaces and develop given surfaces
5. Apply the basic principles of auxiliary projection and draw simple auxiliary views.
6. State the principles of sectioning and draw sections of Isometric/ orthographic projections.
7. Interpret, assemble and construct simple engineering drawings.
8. Interpret and draw simple plumbing drawings.
72
Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Programme: Course Code: CTD 13 Total Hours: 48 Hrs
Course: Engineering Drawing Theoretical: 0 hour/week
Year: THREE Pre-requisite: CTD 12 Practical: 2 hours/week
Goal: This module is intended to enhance the trainee’s practical skills in engineering drawing.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Demonstrate basic knowledge of principles and skills needed in the designs of modern buildings.
2. Interpret and apply symbols, conventions and other standard practices in Engineering Drawing.
3. Apply the different types of cams, the principles of motion and methods of laying out plate cam profiles.
4. Illustrate the basic features and applications of various types of gears and the methods of representing gears in drawing.
5. Explain the practical uses of tolerance and methods of indicating tolerance in production drawings.
6. Draw and interpret exploded illustrations of simple assembly drawings.
7. Draw and interpret simple electrical and electronic circuits.
8. Draught, trace and produce, working drawings of buildings.
74
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER TRADES
MODULE: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES
COURCE CODE: CLS 10
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting
Grading storing and transporting Hide and Skins.
General Objectives:
1.0 Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment
2.0 Understand safety rules in the Leather work Environment
3.0 Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
4.0 Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
5.0 Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
6.0 Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace 7.0 Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
75
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER
MANUFACTURE
Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Course Code: Contact Hours: 60
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I
GOAL:
General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Explain occupational health and safety 1.2 Explain environmental
hazard risks
1.3 Explain the effect of
environmental hazards
• State the occupational health and safety
Hide and
Skins
Apply environmental
protection methods
Identify environmental
hazard risks
General Objective 2.0: Understand safety rules in the leather work environment
2.1 Name Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
2.2 Explain uses of
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment e.g.
Head Protection gears,
Foot Protection gears,
Face Protection gears,
Eye Protection gears,
Hand Protection gears,
• Explain Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Explain uses of Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather work
environment in 2.2
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs)
2.1 Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment.
2.2 Use appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
correctly.
2.3 Maintain clean
working
surrounding/
environment
• Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Demonstrate uses
of appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
• Guide students to
maintain clean
working
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs
76
Body Protection gears,
etc
surrounding/
environment
General Objective 3.0: Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
3.1 State the importance of
first aid in the work
environment
3.2 Name the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
• Explain the importance of
first aid in the work
environment.
• Explain the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
First aid
3.1 Identify first aid
materials needed in
the work
environment.
3.2 Select first aid
materials applicable
in the leather work
environment.
3.3 Apply first aid
methods when
necessary in the
work environment
• Assist students to
identify first aid
materials needed
in the work
environment.
• Select first aid
materials
applicable in the
leather work
environment.
• Demonstrate first
aid procedures
necessary in the
work environment
First aid
Materials
General Objective 4.0: Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
4.1 Explain safety rules
and regulations to
maintain health and
hygiene in the work
environment.
4.2. Explain personal
hygiene of workers
4.3 State general rules on
hygiene that must be
followed in the work
environment and the
importance to the
health of the worker.
• Explain safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
• State the importance of
maintaining good
personal hygiene.
• Explain the need and
relevance of compliance
to safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs).
4.1 Wear clean and
smart and
appropriate Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs).
4.2 Get any cuts, grazes
and wounds given
immediate treatment
by appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment.
• Guide students to
work safely at all
times complying
with health and
safety and other
regulations and
guidelines e.g. use
of correct PPEs.
• Guide students to
identify the
procedures to
follow to get any
cuts, grazes and
wounds given
immediate
77
4.4 State own
responsibilities under
the Health and Safety
Act as it relates to
leather industry
4.5 Report illness and
infections promptly to
the appropriate
persons.
4.0 Describe how to deal
with cuts, grazes and
wounds promptly by
an appropriate
personnel (First Aider)
• Explain students’ or
workers’ or instructors’
responsibilities under the
Health and Safety Act as
it relates to leather
industry.
• Illustrate procedure to
report illness and
infections promptly to the
appropriate persons.
• Explain why it is
important to deal with
cuts, gazes and wounds
promptly and accurately
by an appropriate
personnel (first aider) in
the work environment
treatment by
appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment
General Objective 5.0: Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
5.1 State the importance of
working in a healthy,
safe and hygienic
workplace.
5.2 Report any accident or
near accidents quickly
• Explain the importance of
working in a healthy, safe
and hygienic workplace at
all times.
• Guide students to report
any accident or near
accidents quickly and
5.1 Practice emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
5.2 Follow
organizational
• Demonstrate
emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
• Follow
organizational
78
and accurately to the
right personnel.
5.3 State where
information about
health and safety
procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
5.4 Describe types of
hazards that may occur
in the leather work
environment.
5.5 Describe how types of
hazards that may occur
in the workplace can
be prevented or dealt
with effectively.
5.6 State types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be
dealt with personally
by student or worker.
5.7 State hazards in the
leather work
environment that
should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or
accurately to the right
personnel.
• Explain sources of
information about health
and safety procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
• Explain possible types of
hazards or near hazards
that may occur in the
leather work
environment.
• Describe how types of
hazards or near hazards in
the workplace can be
prevented or dealt with
effectively.
• Explain types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be dealt
with personally by the
student or worker.
• State hazards in the
leather work environment
that should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or seeking
for external solution e.g.
enhanced medical
attention.
security procedures
in doing work in the
leather industry.
5.3 Carry out proper
disposal methods of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.4 Observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.5 Observe proper
control of sound and
noise in the work
environment.
5.6 Identify any hazards
or potential hazards
in the work
environment and
how to deal with
them effectively.
security procedures
in doing work in
the leather industry.
• Assist students to
dispose organic and
inorganic waste
safely.
• Assist students to
observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
• Assist students to
observe sound and
noise protection
methods in the
work environment.
• Ensure that
identified hazards
or potential hazards
are dealt with
promptly and
accurately
79
seeking for external
solution
General Objective 6.0: Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace
a 6.1 State how to warn
other people about
dangers and hazards in
the work place.
6.2 State why it is
important to warn
people about dangers
and hazards in the
workplace.
6.3 Describe types of
emergencies that may
happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Describe how to deal
with emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 State where to find the
first aid equipment in
the work environment.
• Explain how to warn
other people about
hazards in the work place
and why it is important.
• Describe how to warn
people about hazards in
the work place giving
specific examples using
relevant teaching aids.
• Explain types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain procedures to
deal with types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain location of the
first aid equipment in the
work environment.
6.1 Illustrate how to
warn other people
about dangers and
hazards in the work
place.
6.3 Identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Practice how to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 Locate the First Aid
equipment in the
work environment.
6.6 Identify who is a first
• Demonstrate how to
warn other people
about hazards in the
work place and why
it is important.
• Guide students to
identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Demonstrate
procedures to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Assist students to
locate the First aid
equipment in the
work environment
indicating necessary
marks and position
in the workplace.
80
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work place.
6.7 Describe safe lifting
and handling
techniques that should
be followed in the
work place.
6.8 State other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
• Explain who is a First
Aider and the functions of
a First Aider.
• Explain safe lifting and
handling techniques that
should be followed in the
work place.
• Explain other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own position
in the work environment
aider in the work
place.
6.7 Carryout safe lifting
and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
6.8 Identify other ways
of working safely
that is relevant to
own position in the
work environment
Guide students to
identify who is a
First Aider and the
functions of a First
Aider.
• Demonstrate safe
lifting and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
• Demonstrate other
ways of working
safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
General Objective 7.0: Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
7.1 Describe the
organizational
emergency procedures
with particular
reference to fire
outbreak.
7.2 State possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Describe how to
minimize possibility of
fire outbreak in the
work place.
• Explain how own
organizational emergency
procedures should be
followed e.g. in the event
of fire outbreak.
• Explain possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
• Explain methods and
procedures to minimize
possibility of fire
outbreak in the work
place.
Fire alarms
7.1 Identify
organizational
emergency
procedures with
particular reference
to fire outbreak.
7.2 Identify possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Identify how to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
• Demonstrate the
organizational
emergency
procedures to be
followed e.g. in the
event of fire
outbreak.
• Show possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
• Show methods to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
Fire alarms
81
7.4 State where to find the
alarms e.g. fire alarms
in the work place
7.5 Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
7.6 State why a fire should
never be approached
unless it is declared
safe by appropriate
person
7.6 State the importance of
following fire safety
rules.
7.7 Describe
organizational security
procedures for dangers
e.g. fire outbreak in a
work environment.
7.8 State the importance of
reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or
non-routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate personnel
• Explain where to find
the alarms e.g. fire
alarms in the work place
• Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
• Explain why a fire
should never be
approached unless it is
declared safe by
appropriate person
• Explain the importance
of following fire safety
rules.
• Explain organizational
security procedures for
dangers e.g. fire
outbreaks are
considered very
important in the work
place.
• Explain the importance
of reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or non-
routine) incidents that
will constitute dangers
in the workplace to the
appropriate personnel
7.4 Locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place.
7.5 Practice how to set
off fire alarm when
necessary.
7.7 Identify
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g. fire
outbreak in a work
environment.
7.8 Recognize the need
for reporting all
usual or unusual
(routine or non-
routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate
personnel
• Guide students to
locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place
• Demonstrate how
to set off fire alarm
when necessary
• Guide students to
observe
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g.
fire outbreaks.
• Show the need for
reporting all usual
or unusual (routine
or non-routine)
incidents that will
constitute dangers
in the workplace to
the appropriate
personnel
82
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN
LEATHER MANUFACTURE
MODULE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION
COURSE CODE: CLP 10
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general;
leather works to be able to function effectively in the leather work environment.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
83
1.0 Know types of leather for making leather products,
2.0 Know how to measure effectively in leather works
3.0 Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
4.0 Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
5.0 Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
6.0 Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
7.0 Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works,
84
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 240 HOURS
YEAR: 1 TERM: 1 PRE-REQUISITE
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general; leather works to be able
to function effectively in the leather work environment.
8.0 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 1.0:Know types of leather for making leather products
week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
1.1 List various types of
Leather.
1.2 List the types of
Animal skins used for
leather works.
1.3 Name sources of
different types of
leather
• Name various types
of Leather.
• Explain the types of
Animal skins used
for leather works.
• Explain sources of
different types
Hide and skin
leather
Leather hide and
skin
Larger and small
animals e.g.
elephant, goat
etc.
1.1 Identify the types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
1.2 Identify different
leathers for different
uses.
• Show students
various types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
• Guide students to
identify different
leathers for
different uses.
Hide and skin
leather
General Objectives 2.0: Know how to measure effectively in leather works
2.1 List the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works
2.2 Explain the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Give examples of the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works.
• State the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
Tape ruler
Protractor Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system.
Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system
Convert measurement in
yards to the metric system
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
Tape ruler
Protractor
85
2.3 Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
2.4 List the units of
measurement of leather sizes.
2.5 Compare the metric
system of measurement to measurement in yards commonly used for measurement of fabric materials.
• Explain the units of measurement of leather sizes.
• Explain the measurement of fabric materials in yards and compare to measurement of same materials in metric system.
• Convert
measurement in
yards to the
metric system
General Objective 3.0: Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
3.1 List basic working tools used in leather works
3.2 State the functions of
each working tools used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic working tools used in leather works
• Explain the functions of each working tools used in leather works
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Identify basic working tools used leather works.
Use basic working tools in
leather works
• Guide students to
identify the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
Clicking
knives
Punching
pliers
86
General Objective 4.0: Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
4.1 List the primary equipment used in leather works.
4.2 List basic equipment
used in cutting process in leather works.
4.3 Describe the function
of each basic equipment used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic equipment used in leather works.
• Explain the functions of each equipment used in leather works
Sewing machine
Stamping
machine
Identify the basic equipment used for leather works.
Use basic Equipment in Leather
• Guide students
to identify the
basic equipment
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
equipment used
in leather works.
Sewing
machine
Stamping
machine
General Objective 5.0: Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
5.1 List basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
5.2 Explain basic manual
cutting process. In leather works.
5.3 Describe the process of
cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
5.4 the process of cutting
leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
• Give examples of basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
• Explain basic manual cutting process. In leather works.
• Illustrate the process of cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
• Illustrate the process of cutting leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
Scissors
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Cut pattern using
click knife (knife)
Cut simple paper pattern using hand tools.
Cut simple leather materials
for making leather products
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple paper pattern using hand tools.
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple leather materials for making leather products
Hand clicking
knife and
clicking press
with clicking
knives
Skiving hand
Skiving knife
or
skiving
machine
Scissors
Punching
pliers
87
General Objective 6.0: Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
6.1 State basic operation of leather sewing machine.
6.2 Describe basic
preparation of cutting leather material for sewing
• Describe how leather sewing machine works.
• Explain the basic preparation required of cutting leather material for sewing
6.1 Carry out manual sewing of simple leather works.
• Demonstrate
manual sewing
of simple leather
works.
General Objective 7.0: Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works
7.1 Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
7.2 Describe how to cut the
patterns on paper materials using scissor
• Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
• Describe how to cut the patterns on paper materials using scissor
7.1 Cut simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors. 7.2 Identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials.
• Demonstrate cutting of simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors.
• Guide students to identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials
88
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL
CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 11 INTRODUCTIONS TO FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE (PATTERN
CUTTING)
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge in footwear
manufacture.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand how to design and develop various patterns and sections.
2.0 Know all the materials used in pattern designing and preparation.
3.0 Know the materials used in reinforcing patterns (linings, stitches, binding tapes, etc.)
89
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
Course: INTRODUCTION TO FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
(PATTERN CUTTING)
Course Code: CFM 11 Contact Hours: 120
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM 3
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge in footwear manufacture.
General Objective 1.0: Understand how to design and develop various patterns and sections. Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
Design and pattern cutting
1.1 Outline the sequence of
designing.
1.2 Explain various methods
of obtaining forme.
1.3 Explain standard making.
1.4 Explain sectional Net
pattern and Working
patterns.
1.5 List various allowances
needed in pattern
preparation.
Explain the sequence
of designing.
Describe forme and
methods used.
Describe standard
marking.
Describe Net pattern
and Working pattern.
Explain the
allowances needed in
pattern preparation.
Marker board
Marker
Projector
Charts
Show the sequence and
the methods used.
Carryout forme cutting.
Identify standard
markings.
Carryout the cutting of
the Net patterns.
Undertake the process
of cutting Net and
Working patterns.
Demonstrate how
the design is
obtained.
Guide students to
cut the forms.
Guide to identify the
standard markings.
Demonstrate how to
cut Net and working
Patterns.
Last
Masking tape
Blade
Scissors
Cardboard
Pencil
Leather board
Cardboard
pattern paper
Scissors
Knives
General Objective 2.0: Know all the materials used in pattern designing and preparation.
90
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
2.1 Define last.
2.2 Describe different materials
for design and preparation.
2.3 State types of equipment
and tools for design and
preparation.
Explain the materials
for design and pattern
preparation.
Explain the functions
of the equipment and
tools.
Marker board
Marker
Projector
Charts
Identify different
materials for design
and preparation
Identify types of
equipment and tools for
design and preparation.
Use the equipment
above for design and
preparation.
Demonstrate how to
use the equipment.
Cardboard
Masking tape
Marker
Various forming
apparatus
Last
General Objective 3.0: Know the materials used in reinforcing the patterns (linings, stitches, binding tapes, etc.) Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
3.1 Describe materials used for
reinforcement in pattern
preparation.
3.2 Explain upper
reinforcement.
3.3 State the process of upper
reinforcement.
3.4 List various machines used
for upper reinforcement.
Explain different
materials used for
reinforcement in
pattern preparation.
Describe parts of
lasts.
Describe upper
reinforcement.
Outline the process of
reinforcement.
Describe types of
upper reinforcement.
Marker board
Marker
Projector
Charts
Identify materials used
for reinforcement in
pattern
Carryout bindings of
uppers.
Use binding machine
for upper
reinforcement.
Identify the parts of
last.
Use binding tape for
upper reinforcement.
Carryout upper
reinforcement.
Demonstrate how to
tape uppers.
Guide the process of
upper reinforcement.
Lasting machine
Binding
machine tape
(leather lining,
etc)
Upper binding
Toe puff
Counter
91
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL
CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 12: FOOTWEAR BOTTOM PREPARATIONS (GRADING AND
CLICKING)
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to
prepare shoe bottom components
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know various tools and equipment used for cutting and preparation of bottom components
2.0 Know the basic materials used for shoe bottom components
3.0 Understand the technique of cutting materials for bottoming
4.0 Understand the various operations involved in the preparation of bottoming parts
92
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: FOOTWEAR BOTTOM PREPARATION Course Code: CFM 12 Contact Hours: 120
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR 2, TERM 1
GOAL: This module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to prepare shoe bottom components
General Objective 1.0: Know various tools and equipment used for cutting and preparing bottom components
Theoretical Practical
General Objective 1.0: Understand Workshop Safety Rules and application in Machine Shop
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
Tools and Equipment
1.1 Describe all machines,
equipment and hand
tools used in cutting for
preparing shoe bottom
components e.g. cutting
press, cutting knives,
cutting boards, sole
roughing machine, sole
splitting machines, etc.
1.2 Explain the safety
precautions involved in
cutting and preparing
sole components
1.3 Explain the functions
and working principles
of the machine
mentioned in 1.1 above.
Explain the
machines, tools for
shoe bottom
component in 1.1.
Explain safety
precautions in 1.2.
Describe the
functions of the
machines in 1.3.
Insoles
Soles
Cutting knives
Boards
Roughing
machine
Rivet
Eye goggle
Coverall
Hand-gloves
Clicking press
Sole roughing
machines
Sole splitting
machines.
1.1 Identify all
machines,
equipment and
hand tools used in
cutting for
preparing shoe
bottom
components
1.2 Store, care, adjust
and maintain the
machines,
equipment and
tools for preparing
shoe bottom
components e.g
cutting press,
cutting knives,
cutting boards, sole
roughing machine,
sole splitting
machines, etc.
Show all machines,
equipment and hand tools
for cutting and preparation.
Show the various ways to
store, care, adjust and
maintain the machines,
equipment and tools for
preparing shoe bottom
components.
Demonstrate the cutting and
sole preparation.
Cutting Press,
Cutting
Knives,
Cutting
Boards, Sole
Roughing
Machine, Sole
Splitting
Machines
93
1.3 Observe the safety
precautions
involved in cutting
and preparing sole
components.
General Objective 2.0: Know the basic materials used for shoe bottom components Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
Materials for Shoe Bottom
2.1 Describe the different
materials employed for
shoe bottoming Leather,
rubber (compact and
micro-cellular), leather
board, plastics and other
man-made materials.
2.2 State the basic
characteristics of the
materials mentioned in 2.1
above and their uses.
List all available
materials for sole
bottoming in 2.1.
Explain the
characteristics of the
materials mentioned
in 2.1
above.
Shoe bottoms
Soles
2.1 Identify shoe
bottoming
components e.g. in-
sole, mock welt, heels,
shank, etc.
2.2 Select suitable
type
of materials
according to the
components to be
produced.
Show shoe bottoming
components.
Show the various materials
according to the
components to be produced.
Sole
Shank (iron
and wood)
General Objective 3.0: Understand the technique of cutting materials for bottoming Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning
Outcomes
Student’s Activities Resources
Cutting Materials for
Bottoming
3.1 Explain the technique of
cutting for maximum
economy for good quality
insoles and soles out of
leather
3.2 State the technique of
cutting economically all
Describe the cutting
techniques for insole
and leather sole.
Describe the
functions of bottom
cutting machines.
Leather board
Soles
Rubber blank
Cut bottom parts by
hand and machine
Demonstrate how to cut
bottoming parts by hand and
machine.
Knives
Cutting
machine
Sole materials
94
bottom parts from man-
made materials.
3.3 Explain the functions of
bottom cutting machines.
Microcellular
rubber
Insole board
General Objective 4.0: Understand the various operations involved in the preparation of bottoming parts
Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Student’s Activities Resources
Preparation of Bottoming
Parts
4.1 Select the most suitable
method and tool for
roughing or preparing
surface before adhesive
application e.g.
• Wire brush,
• Abrasive paper
• Chemical treatment
and the reason for the
choice
4.2 Explain how to carry out
the following operations:-
• Sole reduction.
• Insole covering.
• Insole slotting.
• Sole roughing.
4.3 Explain how to carryout
insole moulding.
Explain the purpose for
4.1.
Discuss how to carry
out the operations in
4.2.
Discuss how to carryout
insole moulding.
Adhesive
Wire brush
Abrasive
4.1 Carry-out the following
Operations by hand:
(i) Reducing insole
and sole edge
(ii) Insole covering
(iii) Insole slotting
(iv) Sole roughing
4.2 Produce insole moulding.
4.3 Use machine to carry out
the following operations:-
(i) Reducing insole
and sole edge
(ii) Insole covering
(iii) Insole slotting
(iv) Sole roughing
Carry-out the
following
Operations by hand:
(i) Reducing insole
and sole edge
(ii) Insole covering
(iii)Insole slotting
(iv) Sole roughing
Produce insole
moulding.
Use machine to carry
out the following
operations:-
(i) Reducing
insole and
sole edge
(ii) Insole
covering
(iii) Insole
slotting
(iv) Sole
roughing
Insole
board
Leather
roughing
machine
Insole
moulding
machine
Soles
95
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL
CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 13 CLOSING (STITCHING)
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the skill to prepare and
assemble shoe uppers
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Identify various types of preparation and sewing machines, their functions and maintenance
2.0 Know different sewing operations
3.0 Know the technique of upper preparation
96
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
COURSE:CLOSING (STITCHING) COURSE CODE: CFM 13 CONTACT
HOURS: 120
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE:
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the skills to prepare and assemble shoe uppers GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Identify various types of preparation and sewing machines, their functions and maintenance week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Sewing Machines
1.1 Describe all common
preparation and sewing
machines
1.2 Explain the functions
and operation of sewing
machines e.g.
Skiving machines;
Folding machines,
etc.
1.3 Explain the functions of
different types of sewing
machines. E.g.
• Flat bed,
• Post bed;
• Zig-Zag
1.4 Explain functions of
attachment guides
Explain all common
preparation and sewing
machines and their operations
White board
Charts
Identify all common
preparation and sewing
machines
Identify
attachment
guides and stitching
Clean and
lubricate all
machines
Identify different
needles by type,
points and size
Change needles
and threads in
sewing machines
Identify different
Guide student to
carry out the
processes
Skiving
machines;
Folding
machines
Flat bed,
Post bed;
Zig-Zag
Sewing
machines
Splitting
machine
Perforating
machine
Stamping
machine
97
1.5 Explain attachment Guides and stitching
1.6 Clean and
lubricate all
machines
1.7 Describe different
needles by type,
points and size
1.8 Explain the process of
changing needles
and threads in
sewing machines
1.9 Describe different
types of threads
by thickness,
composition,
twist.
.10 Explain stitch formation
and make necessary
adjustments in sewing
machines e.g.
• Stitch length;
• Tension
• Stitch length
• Tension
• Stitch formation
• Chain stitch
formation
types of threads
by thickness,
composition,
twist.
Embossing
machine
98
• Lock stitch
.11 Explain the working
principles of machine
for upper preparation
e.g.
• Splitting machine
• Skiving machine
• Perforating machine
• Stamping machine
• Embossing machine
.12 Explain the working
principles of various
sewing machines e.g.
• Single needle flat-
bed
• Twin needle flat-
bed
• Zig-zag
• Binding machine;
• One needle cylinder
arm;
• Needle post-bed
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know different Sewing Operations
Sewing Closing Operations
2.1 Explain different
methods of
sewing/closing
operation, e.g.
• zig-zag or
buttled seam;
• close seam;
• lap seam;
Describe the different methods of
sewing/closing
Operation 2.1 to 2.4
White board
Charts
Assemble upper
components
using different
methods of
stitching and
different types
of sewing
machines.
Guide
student to
carry out the
processes
99
• biding, etc
2.2 Assemble upper
components using different
methods of stitching and
different types of sewing
machines.
2.3 Describe the decoration
of shoe uppers by
means of stitching, using
different kinds of stitches,
threads and machines
2.4 Describe the following
operations on the
finished upper.
• edge trimming;
• edge pounding;
• edge staining;
• eye letting;
• thread cutting and
cleaning
Decorate shoe
uppers by
means of
stitching, using
different kinds of
stitches,
threads and
machines
Apply the
following
operations on the
finished upper.
• edge trimming;
• edge pounding;
• edge staining;
• eye letting;
• thread cutting
and cleaning
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know the techniques of Upper Preparation
3.1 Describe the preparation of shoe uppers
following the correct
sequence thus:
(i) upper splitting;
(ii) skiving
(iii) folding by hand
(iv) folding by machine
(v) perforating for decoration
(vi) attaching reinforcements;
(vii) applying adhesives of different
type by hand or/and by machine
(viii) laminating of uppers or attaching
Explain the
techniques of
upper preparation
3.1 to 3.3
White board
Charts
Prepare shoe uppers
following the
correct sequence thus:
(i) upper splitting;
(ii) skiving
(iii) folding by
hand
(iv) folding by
machine
(v) perforating for
decoration
(vi) attaching
100
3.2 Explain splitting, skiving,
folding, performing
3.3 Explain types of upper
reinforcement e.g.
• vee, etc.
• stitching, etc.
reinforcements;
(vii) applying
adhesives of
different type
by hand or/and
by machine
(viii) laminating of
uppers or
attaching
Identify types of upper
reinforcement e.g.
vee, stitching, etc
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL
101
CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 14 SHOES LASTING
PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 13 CLOSING
DURATION: 144 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to enable the trainee acquire knowledge and skills in shoe lasting
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know various tools, equipment and machines used for shoe lasting.
2.0 Understand the techniques of lasting shoes
102
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
Course: SHOE LASTING Course Code: CFM 14 Contact Hours: 144
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement and Practical
GOAL: This module is designed to enable the trainee acquire knowledge and skills in shoe lasting
General Objective 1.0: Know various tools, equipment and machines used for shoe lasting. Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical Practical
General Objective 1.0: Understand Workshop Safety Rules and application in Machine Shop
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s
Activities
Resources
Tools and Equipment
1.1 State all machines,
equipment and hand tools
used in shoe lasting
pincers, tack lifter, lasting
stand, lasting machines for
toe, seat and side lasting
machine.
1.2 State the safety precautions
involved in using lasting
equipment and machines.
1.3 Explain the functions and
working principles of the
machines mentioned in 1.1
above.
Explain the
machines, equipment
and tools in 1.1.
Explain the safety
precaution involved
in using the
machines, equipment
and tools in 1.1.
Describe the
functions of the
machines, equipment
and tools in 1.1.
Marker board
Marker
Charts
Audio-visual
resources
(projector)
Identify all machines,
equipment and hand
tools used in shoe
lasting pincers, tack
lifter, lasting stand,
lasting machines for
toe, seat and side
lasting machine.
Store, care, adjust and
maintain the machines,
equipment mentioned
in 1.1.
Demonstrate the
activities involved in
Lubricants
Screw drivers
Pliers
Spanners
103
General Objective 2.0: Understand the techniques of lasting shoes Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s
Activities
Resources
Shoe Lasting
2.1 Describe Lasting technique
2.2 Explain the purpose of
Lasting
2.3 Describe different parts of
a last and different
methods of bottom metal
plating in relation to
different lasting techniques.
2.4 Outline the different types
of tacks and staples and
their uses in lasting
2.5 Describe the different types
of materials used for stiffener
and toe puff e.g. leather
board, nitro-cellulose
impregnated cloth,
polystyrene impregnated
cloth.
2.6 State the appropriate
treatment to be given to the
materials before lasting e.g.
solvent activation, heat
activation
2.7 Explain the consequences
of the stress applied on the
upper material during
lasting and the use of
Shoe Lasting
Explain Lasting
technique
State the purpose of
Lasting
Describe different
parts of a last and
different methods of
bottom metal plating
in relation to
different lasting
techniques.
Explain the different
types
of tacks and staples
and
their uses in
lasting
Explain different
types of materials
used for stiffener and
toe puff e.g. leather
board, nitro-cellulose
impregnated cloth,
polystyrene
impregnated
cloth.
Explain the
appropriate treatment
Marker board
Marker
Charts
Audio-visual
resources
(projector)
Identify different types
of materials used for
stiffener
and toe puff e.g.
leather
board, nitro-
cellulose
impregnated cloth,
polystyrene
impregnated
cloth.
Carry out the
following lasting
operations:
(i) Insole
attaching
(ii) Upper mulling
(iii) Toe puff and
counter
treatment
(iv) Assembling
upper, last and
stiffener,
according to
pairs, size and
fittings;
Demonstrate the
lasting process in
2.1.
Insole board
Upper leather
Moulded
stiffener
Toe puff
Lasting
Pincers
Upper
materials
Heat setting
chamber
Lasted upper
104
mulling.
2.8 Enumerate different lasting
techniques
2.9 Explain how to carry out
the following lasting
operations:-
i. Insole attaching.
ii. Upper mulling.
iii. Toe puff and counter
treatment.
iv. Assembling upper, last and
stiffener, according to pairs,
size and fittings.
v. Drafting of upper by hand.
vi. Lasting by hand.
vii. Lasting by machine using
specific equipment for each part
of the shoe, eg. toe and forepart,
seat and wait.
2.10 Explain the need for
setting lasted upper on the last
2.11 State different methods of
setting lasted upper on
the last.
to be given to the
materials before
lasting e.g. solvent
activation, heat
activation
Explain the
consequences of the
stress applied on the
upper material during
lasting and the use of
mulling.
Discuss different
lasting techniques
Explain the need for
setting lasted upper on
the last
Discuss how to carry
out the following
lasting operations:-
i. Insole attaching.
ii. Upper mulling.
iii. Toe puff and
counter treatment.
iv. Assembling upper,
last and stiffener,
according to pairs,
size and fittings.
v. Drafting of upper
by hand.
vi. Lasting by hand.
vii. Lasting by
machine using
(v) Drafting of
upper by hand
(vi) Lasting by
hand
(vii) Lasting by
machine using
specific
equipment for
each part of the
shoe e.g. toe
and forepart,
seat and waist
(viii) Heat setting
2.2 Examine the
lasted shoe to
ascertain the
correct balance of
the upper and the
similarity
between the two
feet as a pair.
Identify the need for
setting lasted upper on
the last
Show the lasted shoe
to ascertain the
correct balance of
the upper and the
similarity between
the two feet as a
pair.
Lasted upper
in pair
105
specific equipment for
each part of the shoe,
eg. toe and forepart,
seat and wait.
Explain different
methods of setting
lasted upper on the
last.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN
FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
106
MODULE: CFM 15 SOLE ATTACHING
PRE-REQUISITE: CFM 14 SHOES LASTING
DURATION: 180 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to
perform sole attaching operations
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know various tools and equipment used for sole attaching
2.0 Understand the various bottom preparation operations on lasted shoe before sole attaching
3.0 Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles)
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE&ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR
107
MANUFACTURE
Course: SOLE ATTACHING Course Code: CFM 15 Contact Hours: 180
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement and Practical
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to perform sole attaching operations
General Objective 1.0: Know various tools and equipment used for sole attaching Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Tools and Equipment for sole
Attaching
1.6 Describe the various
machines,
equipment and hand-tools
used in sole attaching, e.g.
roughing machine, cement
applying machine and
brushes, cement re-
activating machine, sole
tying attaching machine,
hammer, etc.
1.7 Explain the storage, care,
adjust and maintain the
machines and equipment
mentioned in 1.1 above
1.8 Explain the safety
precautions involved in
using equipment in 1.1
above.
Explain the various
machines and hand
tools, their storage
care, adjustment,
maintenance, their
functions and
working principles.
White board
Charts
Identify various machines,
equipment and hand-tools
used in sole attaching, e.g.
roughing machine, cement
applying machine and
brushes, cement re-
activating machine, sole
tying attaching machine,
hammer, etc.
carry out sole attaching
using the machines,
equipment and hand tools
Store, care, adjust and
maintain the machines and
equipment mentioned
above
Show student the
machines, tools and
equipment and
demonstrate their
functions and working
principles.
Roughing
machine,
Cement
applying
machine and
brushes,
Cement re-
activating
machine,
Sole tying
attaching
machine,
hammer, etc
108
General Objective 2.0: Understand the various bottom preparation operations on lasted shoe before sole attaching Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Preparation on Lasted Shoe
2.1 Select the correct type of
scouring abrasive as well
as suitable method and
equipment for roughing
e.g. wire brush, sand
paper.
2.2 Explain the need for shank
and bottom fillers and
enumerate different types
of these two components
and functions they perform
Explain the
preparation process
White board
Charts
2.1 Carryout the
following
operations
(i) pounding of
lasted shoe;
(ii) flat scouring of
lasting margin
(iii) roughing of
lasting margin
(iv) insertion of
shank and
bottom filler.
Guide student to carry
out the operations
wire brush, sand
paper.
shank and
bottom filler
General Objective 3.0: Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles) Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Technique of Sole Attaching
3.1 Explain different types of
adhesives their
List different types of
adhesives
White board
Charts
Identify different types of
adhesives
Guide student to carry
out the processes
Adhesives
109
uses and properties
3.2 Explain how these
adhesives should be stored
and handled considering
both their instability and
hazardous nature
3.3 Explain the mechanism of
adhesion and specific
precautions to take in
attaching sole to the lasted
upper, e.g.
- surface contamination;
- adhesive condition;
- adhesive application;
- relative humidity, etc.
3.4 Explain the purpose and
method of reactivation of
adhesive.
3.5 Select the appropriate
adhesive in relation to the
nature of the sole materials
Outline the uses and
properties of
Adhesives
Describe the storage
and handling of
adhesives
Carry out the
following
sole attaching
operations:
(i) Sole
Treatment
(ii) Apply
adhesive on
the lasted
shoe bottom
and sole unit
(iii) reactivate the
adhesive
applied to the
lasted shoe
bottom and
on the sole
unit
(iv) mock welt
attaching
(v) spot the lasted
shoe on the
sole unit
(vi) press lasted
shoe and sole
unit.
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE &ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 16 FOOT WEARS FINISHING
110
PRE-REQUISITE: CFM 15 SHOE ATTACHING
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to accomplish
finishing operations on footwear
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know the tools, equipment and machines used for shoe finishing.
2.0 Understand the technique of finishing of sole and heel.
3.0 Understand various operations involved in shoe cleaning, dressing and packing
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: FOOTWEAR FINISHING Course Code: CFM 16 Contact Hours: 120
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement and Practical
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to accomplish finishing operations onFootwear
111
General Objective 1.0: Know the tools, equipment and machines used for shoe finishing. Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s
Activities
Resources
Tools and Equipment for
Shoe Finishing
1.1 Identify the machines,
equipment and hand-tools
used for finishing
operations, e.g.
- Trimming machine,
scouring machine,
edge cutters, spraying
gum, spraying booth,
etc.
1.2 Store, care, adjust and
maintain the machines and
equipment mentioned in
1.1 above.
1.3 Explain the safety
precautions involved in
using the machines and
tools mentioned in 1.1
above.
1.4 Explain the functions and
working principles of the
machines mentioned in 1.1
above.
Explain the finishing
operation in 1.1.
Explain the storage,
care, adjust and
maintain the
machines and
equipment mentioned
in 1.1 above.
State the safety
precautions involved
in using the machines
in 1.1.
Describe the
functions of the
machines in 1.1.s
Abrasive
Edge cutters
Spraying gun
Spraying booth
Trimming
Machine,
Scouring
Machine, Edge
Cutters, Spraying
Gum, Spraying
Booth
Eye goggle
Nose cover
Hand-gloves
Overall
Carryout the
following finishing
operations;-
• Trimming
• Scouring
• Edge-
cutting
• Spraying
Carryout the
following on
machines after use;-
• Store
• Care
• Adjust
• Maintain
Guide students to
carry out the
following finishing
operations;-
• Trimming
• Scouring
• Edge-
cutting
• Spraying
Guide students to
carry out the
following on
machines after use;-
• Store
• Care
• Adjust
• Maintain
Finishing
machine
Goggles
Hand-gloves
Nose cover
Trimming
machine,
Scouring
machine,
edge cutters,
spraying gum,
spraying booth,
etc.
112
General Objective 2.0: Understand the technique of finishing of sole and heel Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
Techniques of Sole and Heel
finishing
2.1 Explain the difference
between finishing the sole
before attaching and finishing
the sole after attaching.
2.2 Select the correct type of
scouring abrasive as well
as suitable method and
equipment for roughing
e.g. wire brush, sand
paper.
2.3 Explain the need for shank
and bottom fillers and
enumerate different types
of these two components
and functions they
perform.
Discuss the
difference between
finishing the sole
before attaching and
finishing the sole
after attaching.
Describe the various
types of scouring
abrasive as well as
suitable method and
equipment for
roughing.
Discuss the types of
shank and bottom
fillers and the
purpose.
Abrasive
Wire brush
Sand-paper
Iron shank
Wooden shank
Fillers
Carryout the
following
operations
(i) pounding of
lasted shoe;
(ii) flat scouring of
lasting margin
(iii) roughing of
lasting margin
(iv) insertion of
shank and
bottom filler.
Demonstrate the
operations in 2.1.
Roughing
machines
Scouring
machine
Lasted upper
felt
Iron shank
Wood shank
Filler
General Objective 3.0: Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles) Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s
Activities
Resources
113
Technique of Sole Attaching
3.1 State different types of
adhesives their
uses and properties
3.2 State how these
adhesives should be stored
and handled considering
both their instability and
hazardous nature
3.3 Explain the mechanism of
adhesion and specific
precautions to take in
attaching sole to the lasted
upper, e.g.
- surface contamination;
- adhesive condition;
- adhesive application;
- relative humidity, etc.
3.4 Explain the purpose and
method of reactivation of
adhesive.
3.5 Select the appropriate
adhesive in relation to the
nature of the sole materials
Explain the different
types of adhesives
and their uses and
properties.
Explain how these
adhesives should be
stored and handled
considering both their
instability and
hazardous nature.
Discuss the
following:-
• The
mechanism
of
adhesion and
specific
precautions to
take in
attaching sole to
the lasted
upper, e.g.
- surface
contaminatio
n;
- adhesive
condition;
- adhesive
application;
Latex
Neoprene
Halt melt
Polyurethane
latex
Adhesive
Identify different
types of adhesives
Carry out the
following
sole attaching
operations:
(i) sole
Treatment
(ii) Apply
adhesive on
the lasted
shoe bottom
and sole unit
(iii) reactivate the
adhesive
applied to the
lasted shoe
bottom and
on the sole
unit
(iv) mockwelt
attaching
(v) spot the lasted
shoe on the
sole unit.
(vi) heat activation.
(vii) press lasted
shoe and sole
unit.
Show different types
of adhesives
Guide students to
carry out the
following
sole attaching
operations:
(i) sole
Treatment
(ii) Apply
adhesive on
the lasted
shoe bottom
and sole unit
(iii) reactivate the
adhesive
applied to the
lasted shoe
bottom and
on the sole
unit
(iv) mockwelt
attaching
(v) spot the lasted
shoe on the
sole unit.
(vi) heat activation.
(vii) press lasted
shoe and sole
unit.
Pre-finished
sole
Adhesive
(Neoprene, Hot
melt latex, etc)
Sole laying
machine
Hand-gloves
Eye goggles
Nose protector
114
- relative
humidity,
etc.
• The purpose
and
method of
reactivation of
adhesive.
• How to select
the
appropriate
adhesive in
relation to the
nature of the sole
materials
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
115
Clicking knives Dividers
Scions Brushes
Owls Pen marker
Rulers Pencils
Hammers Erasers
Nail Remover Masking tapes
Charping stones Pattern Papers
Pincers Soles
Eyelet players Lasting nails
Tape rules Stitching owls
Clicking boards Cardboards
Adhesives Shanks
Lasts Heals
Eyelet punches Resin Soles
Sewing machines Roughing machines
Hand cutting tools Cement applying machines
Flat bed machine Cement reactivating machines
Post bed machine Sole attaching machines
Zig-zag machines Trimming gun
Bending machine Scouring machine
Splitting machines Edge cutters
Folding machine Spraying gun
Perforating machines Spraying booth
Stamping machines Embossing machine
Cutting press Cutting knives
Cutting board Sole roughing machines
Sole splitting machine Lasting pincers
Tach Lifter Lasting stand
Lashing machines.
116
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTURE
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER TRADES
117
MODULE: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES
COURCE CODE: CLS 10
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational
health and safety in leather trades.
General Objectives:
7.0 Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment
8.0 Understand safety rules in the Leather work Environment
9.0 Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
10.0 Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
11.0 Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
12.0 Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace 8.0 Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOOD MANUFACTURE
118
Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Course Code: Contact Hours: 60
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather trades.
General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Explain occupational health and safety 1.2 Explain environmental
hazard risks
1.3 Explain the effect of
environmental hazards
• State the occupational health and safety
Hide and
Skins
Apply environmental
protection methods
Identify environmental
hazard risks
Guide the applications
and identification
Safety charts
Protective
clothing and
equipment
General Objective 2.0: Understand safety rules in the leather work environment
2.1 Name Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
2.2 Explain uses of
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment e.g.
Head Protection gears,
Foot Protection gears,
Face Protection gears,
• Explain Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Explain uses of Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather work
environment in 2.2
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs)
2.1 Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment.
2.2 Use appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
correctly.
2.3 Maintain clean
working
• Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Demonstrate uses
of appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
• Guide students to
maintain clean
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs
119
Eye Protection gears,
Hand Protection gears,
Body Protection gears,
etc
surrounding/
environment
working
surrounding/
environment
General Objective 3.0: Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
3.1 State the importance of
first aid in the work
environment
3.2 Name the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
• Explain the importance of
first aid in the work
environment.
• Explain the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
First aid
3.1 Identify first aid
materials needed in
the work
environment.
3.2 Select first aid
materials applicable
in the leather work
environment.
3.3 Apply first aid
methods when
necessary in the
work environment
• Assist students to
identify first aid
materials needed
in the work
environment.
• Select first aid
materials
applicable in the
leather work
environment.
• Demonstrate first
aid procedures
necessary in the
work environment
First aid
Materials
General Objective 4.0: Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
4.1 Explain safety rules
and regulations to
maintain health and
hygiene in the work
environment.
4.2. Explain personal
hygiene of workers
4.3 State general rules on
hygiene that must be
followed in the work
environment and the
importance to the
health of the worker.
• Explain safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
• State the importance of
maintaining good
personal hygiene.
• Explain the need and
relevance of compliance
to safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs).
4.1 Wear clean and
smart and
appropriate Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs).
4.2 Get any cuts, grazes
and wounds given
immediate treatment
by appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment.
• Guide students to
work safely at all
times complying
with health and
safety and other
regulations and
guidelines e.g. use
of correct PPEs.
• Guide students to
identify the
procedures to
follow to get any
cuts, grazes and
wounds given
120
4.4 State own
responsibilities under
the Health and Safety
Act as it relates to
leather industry
4.5 Report illness and
infections promptly to
the appropriate
persons.
4.0 Describe how to deal
with cuts, grazes and
wounds promptly by
an appropriate
personnel (First Aider)
work environment.
• Explain students’ or
workers’ or instructors’
responsibilities under the
Health and Safety Act as
it relates to leather
industry.
• Illustrate procedure to
report illness and
infections promptly to the
appropriate persons.
• Explain why it is
important to deal with
cuts, gazes and wounds
promptly and accurately
by an appropriate
personnel (first aider) in
the work environment
immediate
treatment by
appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment
General Objective 5.0: Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
5.1 State the importance of
working in a healthy,
safe and hygienic
workplace.
5.2 Report any accident or
near accidents quickly
• Explain the importance of
working in a healthy, safe
and hygienic workplace at
all times.
• Guide students to report
any accident or near
accidents quickly and
5.1 Practice emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
5.2 Follow
organizational
• Demonstrate
emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
• Follow
organizational
121
and accurately to the
right personnel.
5.3 State where
information about
health and safety
procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
5.4 Describe types of
hazards that may occur
in the leather work
environment.
5.5 Describe how types of
hazards that may occur
in the workplace can
be prevented or dealt
with effectively.
5.6 State types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be
dealt with personally
by student or worker.
5.7 State hazards in the
leather work
environment that
should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or
accurately to the right
personnel.
• Explain sources of
information about health
and safety procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
• Explain possible types of
hazards or near hazards
that may occur in the
leather work
environment.
• Describe how types of
hazards or near hazards in
the workplace can be
prevented or dealt with
effectively.
• Explain types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be dealt
with personally by the
student or worker.
• State hazards in the
leather work environment
that should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or seeking
for external solution e.g.
enhanced medical
attention.
security procedures
in doing work in the
leather industry.
5.3 Carry out proper
disposal methods of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.4 Observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.5 Observe proper
control of sound and
noise in the work
environment.
5.6 Identify any hazards
or potential hazards
in the work
environment and
how to deal with
them effectively.
security procedures
in doing work in
the leather industry.
• Assist students to
dispose organic and
inorganic waste
safely.
• Assist students to
observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
• Assist students to
observe sound and
noise protection
methods in the
work environment.
• Ensure that
identified hazards
or potential hazards
are dealt with
promptly and
accurately
122
seeking for external
solution
General Objective 6.0: Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace
a 6.1 State how to warn
other people about
dangers and hazards in
the work place.
6.2 State why it is
important to warn
people about dangers
and hazards in the
workplace.
6.3 Describe types of
emergencies that may
happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Describe how to deal
with emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 State where to find the
first aid equipment in
the work environment.
• Explain how to warn
other people about
hazards in the work place
and why it is important.
• Describe how to warn
people about hazards in
the work place giving
specific examples using
relevant teaching aids.
• Explain types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain procedures to
deal with types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain location of the
first aid equipment in the
work environment.
6.1 Illustrate how to
warn other people
about dangers and
hazards in the work
place.
6.3 Identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Practice how to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 Locate the First Aid
equipment in the
work environment.
6.6 Identify who is a first
• Demonstrate how to
warn other people
about hazards in the
work place and why
it is important.
• Guide students to
identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Demonstrate
procedures to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Assist students to
locate the First aid
equipment in the
work environment
indicating necessary
marks and position
in the workplace.
123
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work place.
6.7 Describe safe lifting
and handling
techniques that should
be followed in the
work place.
6.8 State other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
• Explain who is a First
Aider and the functions of
a First Aider.
• Explain safe lifting and
handling techniques that
should be followed in the
work place.
• Explain other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own position
in the work environment
aider in the work
place.
6.7 Carryout safe lifting
and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
6.8 Identify other ways
of working safely
that is relevant to
own position in the
work environment
Guide students to
identify who is a
First Aider and the
functions of a First
Aider.
• Demonstrate safe
lifting and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
• Demonstrate other
ways of working
safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
General Objective 7.0: Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
7.1 Describe the
organizational
emergency procedures
with particular
reference to fire
outbreak.
7.2 State possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Describe how to
minimize possibility of
fire outbreak in the
work place.
• Explain how own
organizational emergency
procedures should be
followed e.g. in the event
of fire outbreak.
• Explain possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
• Explain methods and
procedures to minimize
possibility of fire
outbreak in the work
place.
Fire alarms
7.1 Identify
organizational
emergency
procedures with
particular reference
to fire outbreak.
7.2 Identify possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Identify how to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
• Demonstrate the
organizational
emergency
procedures to be
followed e.g. in the
event of fire
outbreak.
• Show possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
• Show methods to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
Fire alarms
124
7.4 State where to find the
alarms e.g. fire alarms
in the work place
7.5 Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
7.6 State why a fire should
never be approached
unless it is declared
safe by appropriate
person
7.6 State the importance of
following fire safety
rules.
7.7 Describe
organizational security
procedures for dangers
e.g. fire outbreak in a
work environment.
7.8 State the importance of
reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or
non-routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate personnel
• Explain where to find
the alarms e.g. fire
alarms in the work place
• Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
• Explain why a fire
should never be
approached unless it is
declared safe by
appropriate person
• Explain the importance
of following fire safety
rules.
• Explain organizational
security procedures for
dangers e.g. fire
outbreaks are
considered very
important in the work
place.
• Explain the importance
of reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or non-
routine) incidents that
will constitute dangers
in the workplace to the
appropriate personnel
7.4 Locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place.
7.5 Practice how to set
off fire alarm when
necessary.
7.7 Identify
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g. fire
outbreak in a work
environment.
7.8 Recognize the need
for reporting all
usual or unusual
(routine or non-
routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate
personnel
• Guide students to
locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place
• Demonstrate how
to set off fire alarm
when necessary
• Guide students to
observe
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g.
fire outbreaks.
• Show the need for
reporting all usual
or unusual (routine
or non-routine)
incidents that will
constitute dangers
in the workplace to
the appropriate
personnel
125
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER TRADES
MODULE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION
COURSE CODE: CLP 10
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general;
leather works to be able to function effectively in the leather work environment.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
9.0 Know types of leather for making leather products,
10.0 Know how to measure effectively in leather works
11.0 Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
12.0 Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
126
13.0 Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
14.0 Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
15.0 Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works,
127
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER TRADES
COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLP 11 CREDIT HOURS: 240 HOURS
YEAR: 1 TERM: 1 PRE-REQUISITE
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general; leather works to be able
to function effectively in the leather work environment.
16.0 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 1.0:Know types of leather for making leather products
week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
1.4 List various types of
Leather.
1.5 List the types of
Animal skins used for
leather works.
1.6 Name sources of
different types of
leather
• Name various types
of Leather.
• Explain the types of
Animal skins used
for leather works.
• Explain sources of
different types
Hide and skin
leather
Leather hide and
skin
Larger and small
animals e.g.
elephant, goat
etc.
1.3 Identify the types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
1.4 Identify different
leathers for different
uses.
• Show students
various types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
• Guide students to
identify different
leathers for
different uses.
Hide and skin
leather
General Objectives 2.0: Know how to measure effectively in leather works
2.1 List the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works
2.2 Explain the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Give examples of the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works.
• State the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
Tape ruler
Protractor Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system.
Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system
Convert measurement in
yards to the metric system
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
Tape ruler
Protractor
128
2.3 Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
2.4 List the units of
measurement of leather sizes.
2.5 Compare the metric
system of measurement to measurement in yards commonly used for measurement of fabric materials.
• Explain the units of measurement of leather sizes.
• Explain the measurement of fabric materials in yards and compare to measurement of same materials in metric system.
• Convert
measurement in
yards to the
metric system
General Objective 3.0: Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
3.1 List basic working tools used in leather works
3.2 State the functions of
each working tools used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic working tools used in leather works
• Explain the functions of each working tools used in leather works
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Identify basic working tools used leather works.
Use basic working tools in
leather works
• Guide students to
identify the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
Clicking
knives
Punching
pliers
129
General Objective 4.0: Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
4.1 List the primary equipment used in leather works.
4.2 List basic equipment
used in cutting process in leather works.
4.3 Describe the function
of each basic equipment used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic equipment used in leather works.
• Explain the functions of each equipment used in leather works
Sewing machine
Stamping
machine
Identify the basic equipment used for leather works.
Use basic Equipment in Leather
• Guide students
to identify the
basic equipment
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
equipment used
in leather works.
Sewing
machine
Stamping
machine
General Objective 5.0: Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
5.1 List basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
5.2 Explain basic manual
cutting process. In leather works.
5.3 Describe the process of
cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
5.4 the process of cutting
leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
• Give examples of basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
• Explain basic manual cutting process. In leather works.
• Illustrate the process of cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
• Illustrate the process of cutting leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
Scissors
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Cut pattern using
click knife (knife)
Cut simple paper pattern using hand tools.
Cut simple leather materials
for making leather products
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple paper pattern using hand tools.
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple leather materials for making leather products
Hand clicking
knife and
clicking press
with clicking
knives
Skiving hand
Skiving knife
or
skiving
machine
Scissors
Punching
pliers
130
General Objective 6.0: Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
6.1 State basic operation of leather sewing machine.
6.2 Describe basic
preparation of cutting leather material for sewing
• Describe how leather sewing machine works.
• Explain the basic preparation required of cutting leather material for sewing
6.1 Carry out manual sewing of simple leather works.
• Demonstrate
manual sewing
of simple leather
works.
General Objective 7.0: Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works
7.1 Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
7.2 Describe how to cut the
patterns on paper materials using scissor
• Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
• Describe how to cut the patterns on paper materials using scissor
7.1 Cut simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors. 7.2 Identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials.
• Demonstrate cutting of simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors.
• Guide students to identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials
131
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 11 INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of leather and
its uses.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand the history of and development of leather goods.
2.0 Know materials used in leather goods manufacture.
3.0 Know materials used in reinforcing leather goods, finishing materials and principle of adhesion in leather goods manufacture
132
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTURE
COURSE CODE: CLG 11 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE: REQUISITE NIL
GOAL: This module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of leather and synthetic
General Objective 1.0: understand the history and development of leather and synthetic materials (PU, PVC etc)
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities
1.1 Outline the origin of the
use of leather;
1.2 List the sources of the
leathers;
1.3 Outline the process of
leather production with
emphasis on tanning.
1.4 List the types of leather
used in the industry
1.5 Explain characteristics of
types of leather used in
the industry.
1.6 Outline the origin and
properties of synthetic
materials pu/pvc.
Explain the origin and
sources of leather
Describe the processes of
leather production with
emphasis on tanning
Explain the types and
characteristics of leather
used in industry
Explain the origin and
properties of pu, pvc and
textile materials
PU, PVC
Textile
materials
Carryout flying Guide student to fly
carcass
Carcass
animal
133
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know materials used in leather goods manufacture
2.1 Differentiate between hide and skin 2.2 List synthetic materials
used in hides and skin
production
2.3 State the advantages and
disadvantages of
synthetic materials used
in hide and skin
production ;
2.4 Classify leather as soft
leather, hard leather etc.
2.5 Explain the choice of a
particular leather for a
particular product
2.6List different types of fiber
boards used in leather
goods industry.
2.7Explain the properties of
different types of fiber
boards used in leather
goods industry
2.8 List different types of
yarns and threads used in
leather goods manufacture
Explain the difference
between hide and skin
Explain the types of
synthetic materials
Explain the advantages and
disadvantages of synthetic
materials
Explain the classification of
leather
Describe the choice of
leather for a particular
product
Explain different types of
fiber boards used in leather
goods industry
State the properties of
different types of fibers
Explain the different types
of yarns and threads used.
PVC coated
fabric
PU coated
fabric
Synthetic
(lylon) and
cotton
threads
Choose leather for
-clothing for garment
-upholstery
Identify Synthetic and
cotton threads
Guide the choice of
different leathers.
Show student the
different threads
Differentiat
e types of
leather
light/heavy
leather
Synthetic
thread and
cotton
threads
134
2.9 Explain the properties of
different types of yarns
and threads used in
leather goods manufacture
2.10 Explain the structure of
fabrics
2.11 Explain the uses of
fabrics in leather goods
industry.
2.12 Explain the
characteristics and uses
of plastics in the leather
goods industry.
State the properties of yarns
and threads.
Describe the structure of pvc
coated fabric and pu coated
fabric and their uses in
leather goods industry
State the characteristics and
uses of plastics in the leather
goods industry.
Identify fabrics use in
leather goods industry
Identify plastic use in
leather goods industry
Show student the fabric
and plastic materials.
Fabric and
plastic
materials
135
General Objective 3.0: Know materials used in reinforcing leather goods, finishing materials and principle of adhesion in leather goods
manufacture
3.1 Explain the importance of
reinforcing leather goods.
3.2 Explain materials used
for reinforcing in leather
goods manufacturing
3.3 Explain the characteristics
and uses of materials used
for reinforcing in leather
goods manufacturing.
3.4 Explain the sources,
properties and uses of
dressing and finishing
materials.
3.5 List the types of adhesive
used in the leather goods
industry
3.6 Explain the principles of
adhesion
3.7 Explain the criteria for the
selection of a particular
type of adhesive for a
particular purpose, taking
into consideration the
nature of the material
State the importance of
reinforcing leather goods
Describe the materials used
for reinforcement
State the characteristics and
uses of the materials used.
State the sources, properties
and uses of dressing and
finishing materials
Explain the adhesive used in
leather industry
Discuss the principles of
adhesion
State the selection criteria
for adhesive for particular
purpose.
Identify materials used
for reinforcing in
leather goods
manufacture
Select adhesive for
temporary or
permanent attachment
Guide the selection
process
Robber
latex new
print bag,
jacket
wallet etc.
136
3.8 Explain the application
and effects of adhesives
3.9 Describe cleaning
materials with examples
3.10 list source of cleaning
materials properties action
and state their uses
3.11 List different types of
dyes and pigment used in
leather goods manufacture.
3.12 Explain the origin and
composition of dyes and
pigments
Describe the application
adhesives
Explain cleaning materials
such as thinner
Explain the source,
properties and used of
closing materials
Explain different types of
dyes and pigment
State the origin and
composition of dyes and
pigments
-apply adhesive on
materials such as bags,
jacket wallet etc.
-observe the effects of
adhesives on bag,
wallet jacket etc.
Identify cleaning
materials
Identify different types
of dyes and pigment
Show student closing
materials
Show student different
dyes and pigment
Cleaning
materials
Dyes
Pigment
137
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN
LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 12 PATTERN PREPARATIONS
PREREQUISITE
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: To enable trainees to design and prepare patterns for use in leather goods manufacturing
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know all instrument and equipment used in pattern preparation.
2.0 Know the production of pattern for various products.
3.0 Understand the application of leather goods patterns.
138
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUCTURE
COURS: PATTERN DESIGN AND PREPARATION COURSE CODE: CLG 12 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:
YEAR: SEMESTE PRE: REQUISITE NIL
GOAL: To enable trainees to design and prepare patterns for use in leather goods manufacturing
General Objective 1.0: Know all instruments and equipment used in pattern design and preparation
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Student’s Activities Resources
1.1 Describe all instruments
and materials used in
pattern preparation e. g
ruler, tape, pencil,
mathematics set, knife,
cardboard, scissors,
adhesive
1.2 Describe the uses of the
instruments and
materials identified in
1.1 above;
1.3 Explain the storage and
care for the instruments
mention in 1.1 above.
1.4 Explain the safety
precaution involved in the use
of the instruments above
Explain the
instruments
and materials in 1.1
State the uses of the
instruments and
materials
State the storage
procedure and safety
precaution in the use
of instruments
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify all instruments
in pattern preparation
e.g. ruler, tape,
mathematical set, knife,
cardboard, scissors,
adhesive.
Store and care for the
instruments
Use of the instruments
to carry out pattern
design and preparation
Show the instruments
to the student
Ruler
Tape
Mathematic
al set
Knife
Cardboard
Scissors
Adhesive
139
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the production of patterns for various products
2.1 Distinguish the
followings, bags, belt, wallet
etc.
2.2 Explain the measurement
of the items in 2.1 above
2.3 Explain pattern scale on
cardboard
2.4 state the sequence of
pattern cutting e.g. forme
cutting, standard making, net
patterns, working patterns,
lining
2.5 Describe pattern cutting
for fittings
explain the followings,
bags, belt, wallet etc
Describe the
measurement of the
items in 2.2
Describe pattern scale
on cardboard
Explain the sequence of
pattern cutting.
Explain pattern cutting
for fittings
Marker
Board
Projector
Sketch the following
items: bag, belt, wallet
etc.
Insert the
measurements of the
various parts of the
items in the sketch.
Draw the patterns to
scale on cardboard.
Cut pattern including
pattern for fittings
Guide student to sketch
the items and insert
measurements of varies
parts of the items
Guide the drawing
Guide the cutting process
140
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand the application of leather good pattern
3.1 Describe assemble
patterns
3.2 Describe corrections on
patterns to eliminate error
3.3 Explain selection and
estimation of cost of materials
to ensure economical
production
3.4 Describe the transfer of
test pattern to permanent
patterns
Explain assemble
patterns
State corrections on
patterns to eliminate
error
Describe the selection
and cost estimation of
materials.
Explain the process of
transfer
Marker
Board
Projector
Assemble patterns
Make corrections on
patterns to eliminate
errors
Select and estimate
cost of materials and
make appropriate
adjustment on patterns
to ensure economical
production
Transfer test pattern to
permanent pattern.
Guide the process
141
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 13 CUTTING AND SKIVING
PREREQUISITE: CLG 12 PATTERN PREPARATIONS:
DURATION: 180 HOURS
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the skills required for cutting and skiving leather
goods using all relevant equipment and machines
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know all cutting and skiving machines, hands tools and equipment.
2.0 Understand the principles of cutting.
142
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTCURE
COURSE: CUTTING AND SKIVING COURSE CODE: CLG 13 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:
YEAR: PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the skills required for cutting and skiving leather goods using all relevant equipment and
machines
General Objective 1.0: Know all cutting and skiving machines, hand tools and equipment
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Name machines,
equipment and hand tools
used in cutting and skiving
e.g. clicking machine,
skiving machine, hand
skiving knife, hand clicking
knife.
1.2 Explain the safety
precaution involved in
cutting and skiving.
1.3 explain the maintenance
of machine, equipment
and tools
List the machines
equipment and hand
tools
State the safety
precautions involved
in cutting and skiving
Describe the
maintenance of
machine, equipment
and tools
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify the machines,
equipment and hand
tools used in cutting
and skiving
Maintain the machine
equipment and hand
tools listed in 1.1
above.
Store tools on the
shelves
Show student the
machines, equipment and
hand tools
Guide the maintenance
of the machine,
equipment and tools
Clicking
machine
skiving
machine
skiving
knife
clicking
board
clicking
knife
143
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Understanding the principles of cutting and skiving (machine clicking and skiving)
2.1 Explain the principles of
cutting and skiving.
2.2 Explain the appropriate
tools for skiving and clicking
2.3 Explain and apply
interlocking and pattern
arrangement to avoid waste of
material
2.4 Distinguish between
pattern area and cutting area
2.5 Explain skiving and its
purpose.
Discuss the
principles of cutting
and skiving
Describe the tools for
cutting and skiving
Describe the
application of
interlocking and
pattern arrangement
to avoid waste of
material
Differentiate between
pattern area and
cutting area
Describe skiving
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify tools for
cutting and skiving
Select appropriate tools
for hand cutting
Place given materials
and make out for
cutting.
Cut marked material by
hand
Cut material with
clicking press
Operate skiving
machine
Carryout hand skiving
Carryout measurement
for thickness and size
of leather.
Show cutting and skiving
tools
Guide the process
Cutting and
skiving
tools
Clicking
press
Skiving
machine
Vernier
caliper
Measuring
tape
144
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 14 SEWING (CLOSING)
PREREQUISITE: CLG 13 CUTTING AND SKIVING
DURATION: 150 HOURS
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to assemble the
component part of a leather product and stitch them together
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know various types of machines, their functions and maintenances,
2.0 Understand the necessary preparations before sewing.
3.0 Understand the principles of machine sewing.
4.0 Understand the procedure of all hand stitching.
145
PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTCURE
COURSE: SEWING (CLOSING) COURSE CODE: CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to assemble the component part of a leather product and stitch
them together
General Objective 1.0: Know various types of machines, their function and maintenance
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers’ Activities Resources
1.1 Describe all common
sewing machines
1.2 Explain the working
principles of sewing
machines
1.3 Differentiate between
manual and electrical
sewing machines
1.4 Explain the function of
different types of sewing
machines flat bed, post bed
binding machines, zig-zag
machines etc.
1.5 Explain attachment and
their functions.
1.6 Explain the following
processes
-cleaning and lubrication
-hanging needles and thread
in sewing machine
Explain all common
sewing machines and
their working principles
State the difference
between manual and
electrical sewing
machines
State the function of
different types of sewing
machines.
State important of
attachment
Describe the processes
in 1.6
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify all common
sewing machines such
as binding, zigzag,
double needle flat bed
and post machines
Identify attachments
(guides and gadgets)
Clean and lubricate
sewing machines
Show sewing machines
Show attachment to
student
Guide the processes
Binding
machine
Zigzag
machines
Double
needle
machine
Flatbed
machine
Post
machine
146
-making necessary adjustment
in sewing machine
Change needles and
thread in sewing
machines
Making necessary
adjustment in sewing
machines
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Understand the necessary preparation before sewing
2.1 Explain different types of
needles
2.2 Explain different types of
thread
2.3 Describe the adjustment
of machine tension
2.4 Explain the selection of
appropriate thread, needle and
stitches for a job
2.5 Explain the selection of
appropriate thread attachment
for a job
Describe different types
of needles
Describe different types
of thread
Explain the adjustment
Of machine tension
Describe the processes
in 2.4
Describe the selection of
appropriate thread for a
job
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify the different
types of needle by
-size
-point
-shape etc
Identify the different
types of thread by
-thickness
-composition
Adjust the machine
tension to suit the type
of work
Select appropriate
thread, needle and
stitches for a job
Use appropriate thread
attachment for a job
Show different types of
needles
Show different types of
thread by thickness and
composition
Guide the adjustment of
machine tension
Guide the selection of
appropriate thread,
needle and stitches for a
job
Guide the use of
appropriate attachment
for a job.
Different
types of
needles
Thread
needle
stitches
147
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand the principles of sewing machines
3.1 Explain machine
sequence and procedures for
various grades and types of
work.
3.2 Describe the operation of
sewing machine
3.3 Explain sewing defects
and their corrections
Describe machine
sequence and procedures
for various grades and
types of work.
Explain the operation of
sewing machine
Describe sewing defects
and their corrections
Marker
Board
Projector
Operate sewing
machine
Identify sewing defects
and correct them
Guide the operation
sewing machine
Show sewing defects and
their corrections.
Sewing
machine
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0 Understand the procedure for all hand stitching
4.1 Explain hand stitching
procedure
4.2 Explain stitch length
4.3 Explain the application of
appropriate tension during
hand stitching
4.4 Explain stitching faults
and their correction
Describe hand stitching
procedure
Describe stitch length
Describe the application
process
Describe stitching faults
and their corrections
Marker
Board
Projector
Select stitching length
for a job
Apply appropriate
tension during hand
stitching
Identify stitching fault
and correct them
Guide stitching length
selection for a job
Show the application of
tension during hand
stitching
Show stitching fault and
their corrections.
148
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 15 MAKING AND FINISHING
PREREQUISITE: CLG 14 SEWING (CLOSING)
DURATION: 120 HOURS
GOAL: The module is design to enable the trainee assemble and finish leather goods.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand the procedure for the assembly of foot-wear.
2.0 Understand the procedure for assembly of bags.
3.0 Know the fittings for attachment of leather goods
4.0 Understand finishing operations on all leather goods.
149
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTCURE
COURSE: MAKING AND FISNISHING COURSE CODE: CLG15 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING
GOAL: The module is design to enable the trainee assemble and finish leather goods
General Objective 1.0: Understand the procedure for the assembly of bags
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Explain the component
part of a bag
1.2 Describe the preparation
of appropriate frame and
board manually, and by
machine
1.3 Explain the selection of
appropriate handle and
cover of a bag
List the component
part of a bag
Explain the
preparation of
appropriate frame
Describe the
processes
Marker
Board
Projector
Sketch and label the
component part of a
bag
Prepare appropriate
frame and board
i. Manually
ii. By machine
Select appropriate
handle for a given bag
Cover the frame
manually or by
machine
Insert the lining
Guide the processes Bag
Wallet
Belt
Strap
Upholstery
Clothing
150
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the fitting for attachment on leather goods
2.1 Explain the assessment,
selection and insertion of
fittings for all classes of
leather goods
2.2 Describe the construction
of suitable fittings.
State the assessment
Explain the
construction of
suitable fittings
Marker
Board
Projector
Assess, select and
insert suitable fittings
for all classes of leather
goods
Construct suitable
fittings for all classes of
leather goods
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand finishing operations on all leather goods
3.1 Explain classing of
assembled leather goods
3.2 Describe spraying and
polishing of assembled goods
3.3 Explain defect of
assembled goods
3.4 Describe arrangement of
products according to sizes,
pair or set
3.5 Explain packaging of
finished products
Describe the
processes
Explain the processes
State causes of
defects
State the arrangement
procedures
Describe packaging
of finished products
Marker
Board
Projector
Clean the assembled
leather goods
Spraying or polish
assembled goods
Inspect for defects and
remove defective
product in mass
production.
Arrange products
according to sizes, pair
or set
Package the finished
products
Guide the processes
spraying
and
polishing
equipment
Packaging
materials
152
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEA IN LEATHER TRADES
MODULE: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES
COURCE CODE: CLS 10
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational
health and safety in leather trades.
General Objectives:
13.0 Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment
14.0 Understand safety rules in the Leather work Environment
15.0 Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
16.0 Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
17.0 Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
18.0 Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace 9.0 Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
153
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER
MANUFACTURE
Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES Course Code: CLS 10 Contact Hours: 60
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather trades.
General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Explain occupational health and safety 1.2 Explain environmental
hazard risks
1.3 Explain the effect of
environmental hazards
• State the occupational health and safety
Hide and
Skins
Apply environmental
protection methods
Identify environmental
hazard risks
General Objective 2.0: Understand safety rules in the leather work environment
2.1 Name Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
2.2 Explain uses of
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment e.g.
Head Protection gears,
Foot Protection gears,
Face Protection gears,
• Explain Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Explain uses of Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather work
environment in 2.2
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs)
2.1 Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment.
2.2 Use appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
correctly.
2.3 Maintain clean
working
• Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Demonstrate uses
of appropriate
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
• Guide students to
maintain clean
working
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs
154
Eye Protection gears,
Hand Protection gears,
Body Protection gears,
etc
surrounding/
environment
surrounding/
environment
General Objective 3.0: Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
3.1 State the importance of
first aid in the work
environment
3.2 Name the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
• Explain the importance of
first aid in the work
environment.
• Explain the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
First aid
3.1 Identify first aid
materials needed in
the work
environment.
3.2 Select first aid
materials applicable
in the leather work
environment.
3.3 Apply first aid
methods when
necessary in the
work environment
• Assist students to
identify first aid
materials needed
in the work
environment.
• Select first aid
materials
applicable in the
leather work
environment.
• Demonstrate first
aid procedures
necessary in the
work environment
First aid
Materials
General Objective 4.0: Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
4.1 Explain safety rules
and regulations to
maintain health and
hygiene in the work
environment.
4.2. Explain personal
hygiene of workers
4.3 State general rules on
hygiene that must be
followed in the work
environment and the
importance to the
health of the worker.
• Explain safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
• State the importance of
maintaining good
personal hygiene.
• Explain the need and
relevance of compliance
to safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs).
4.1 Wear clean and
smart and
appropriate Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs).
4.2 Get any cuts, grazes
and wounds given
immediate treatment
by appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment.
• Guide students to
work safely at all
times complying
with health and
safety and other
regulations and
guidelines e.g. use
of correct PPEs.
• Guide students to
identify the
procedures to
follow to get any
cuts, grazes and
wounds given
155
4.4 State own
responsibilities under
the Health and Safety
Act as it relates to
leather industry
4.5 Report illness and
infections promptly to
the appropriate
persons.
4.0 Describe how to deal
with cuts, grazes and
wounds promptly by
an appropriate
personnel (First Aider)
work environment.
• Explain students’ or
workers’ or instructors’
responsibilities under the
Health and Safety Act as
it relates to leather
industry.
• Illustrate procedure to
report illness and
infections promptly to the
appropriate persons.
• Explain why it is
important to deal with
cuts, gazes and wounds
promptly and accurately
by an appropriate
personnel (first aider) in
the work environment
immediate
treatment by
appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment
General Objective 5.0: Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
5.1 State the importance of
working in a healthy,
safe and hygienic
workplace.
5.2 Report any accident or
near accidents quickly
and accurately to the
right personnel.
5.3 State where
information about
health and safety
• Explain the importance of
working in a healthy, safe
and hygienic workplace at
all times.
• Guide students to report
any accident or near
accidents quickly and
accurately to the right
personnel.
• Explain sources of
information about health
and safety procedures and
5.1 Practice emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
5.2 Follow
organizational
security procedures
in doing work in the
leather industry.
5.3 Carry out proper
disposal methods of
• Demonstrate
emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
• Follow
organizational
security procedures
in doing work in
the leather industry.
• Assist students to
dispose organic and
156
procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
5.4 Describe types of
hazards that may occur
in the leather work
environment.
5.5 Describe how types of
hazards that may occur
in the workplace can
be prevented or dealt
with effectively.
5.6 State types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be
dealt with personally
by student or worker.
5.7 State hazards in the
leather work
environment that
should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or
seeking for external
solution
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
• Explain possible types of
hazards or near hazards
that may occur in the
leather work
environment.
• Describe how types of
hazards or near hazards in
the workplace can be
prevented or dealt with
effectively.
• Explain types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be dealt
with personally by the
student or worker.
• State hazards in the
leather work environment
that should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or seeking
for external solution e.g.
enhanced medical
attention.
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.4 Observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.5 Observe proper
control of sound and
noise in the work
environment.
5.6 Identify any hazards
or potential hazards
in the work
environment and
how to deal with
them effectively.
inorganic waste
safely.
• Assist students to
observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
• Assist students to
observe sound and
noise protection
methods in the
work environment.
• Ensure that
identified hazards
or potential hazards
are dealt with
promptly and
accurately
General Objective 6.0: Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace
a 6.1 State how to warn
other people about
dangers and hazards in
the work place.
• Explain how to warn
other people about
hazards in the work place
and why it is important.
6.1 Illustrate how to
warn other people
about dangers and
hazards in the work
• Demonstrate how to
warn other people
about hazards in the
work place and why
157
6.2 State why it is
important to warn
people about dangers
and hazards in the
workplace.
6.3 Describe types of
emergencies that may
happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Describe how to deal
with emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 State where to find the
first aid equipment in
the work environment.
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work place.
6.7 Describe safe lifting
and handling
techniques that should
be followed in the
work place.
6.8 State other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
• Describe how to warn
people about hazards in
the work place giving
specific examples using
relevant teaching aids.
• Explain types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain procedures to
deal with types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain location of the
first aid equipment in the
work environment.
• Explain who is a First
Aider and the functions of
a First Aider.
• Explain safe lifting and
handling techniques that
should be followed in the
work place.
• Explain other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own position
in the work environment
place.
6.3 Identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Practice how to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 Locate the First Aid
equipment in the
work environment.
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work
place.
6.7 Carryout safe lifting
and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
6.8 Identify other ways
of working safely
it is important.
• Guide students to
identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Demonstrate
procedures to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Assist students to
locate the First aid
equipment in the
work environment
indicating necessary
marks and position
in the workplace.
Guide students to
identify who is a
First Aider and the
functions of a First
Aider.
• Demonstrate safe
lifting and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
• Demonstrate other
ways of working
158
that is relevant to
own position in the
work environment
safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
General Objective 7.0: Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
7.1 Describe the
organizational
emergency procedures
with particular
reference to fire
outbreak.
7.2 State possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Describe how to
minimize possibility of
fire outbreak in the
work place.
7.4 State where to find the
alarms e.g. fire alarms
in the work place
7.5 Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
7.6 State why a fire should
never be approached
unless it is declared
safe by appropriate
person
• Explain how own
organizational emergency
procedures should be
followed e.g. in the event
of fire outbreak.
• Explain possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
• Explain methods and
procedures to minimize
possibility of fire
outbreak in the work
place.
• Explain where to find
the alarms e.g. fire
alarms in the work place
• Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
• Explain why a fire
should never be
approached unless it is
declared safe by
appropriate person
Fire alarms
7.1 Identify
organizational
emergency
procedures with
particular reference
to fire outbreak.
7.2 Identify possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Identify how to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
7.4 Locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place.
7.5 Practice how to set
off fire alarm when
necessary.
7.7 Identify
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g. fire
• Demonstrate the
organizational
emergency
procedures to be
followed e.g. in the
event of fire
outbreak.
• Show possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
• Show methods to
minimize possibility
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
• Guide students to
locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place
• Demonstrate how
to set off fire alarm
when necessary
• Guide students to
observe
organizational
security procedures
Fire alarms
159
7.6 State the importance of
following fire safety
rules.
7.7 Describe
organizational security
procedures for dangers
e.g. fire outbreak in a
work environment.
7.8 State the importance of
reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or
non-routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate personnel
• Explain the importance
of following fire safety
rules.
• Explain organizational
security procedures for
dangers e.g. fire
outbreaks are
considered very
important in the work
place.
• Explain the importance
of reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or non-
routine) incidents that
will constitute dangers
in the workplace to the
appropriate personnel
outbreak in a work
environment.
7.8 Recognize the need
for reporting all
usual or unusual
(routine or non-
routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate
personnel
for dangers e.g.
fire outbreaks.
• Show the need for
reporting all usual
or unusual (routine
or non-routine)
incidents that will
constitute dangers
in the workplace to
the appropriate
personnel
160
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
MODULE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION
COURSE CODE: CLP 10
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in leather work to be
able to function effectively in the leather work environment.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
17.0 Know types of leather for making leather products,
18.0 Know how to measure effectively in leather works
19.0 Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
20.0 Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
161
21.0 Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
22.0 Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
23.0 Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works,
162
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLW 10 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS
YEAR: 1 TERM: 1 PRE-REQUISITE
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in leather work to be able to function effectively
in the leather work environment.
24.0 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 1.0:Know types of leather for making leather products
week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
1.7 List various types of
Leather.
1.8 List the types of
Animal skins used for
leather works.
1.9 Name sources of
different types of
leather
• Name various types
of Leather.
• Explain the types of
Animal skins used
for leather works.
• Explain sources of
different types
Hide and skin
leather
Leather hide and
skin
Larger and small
animals e.g.
elephant, goat
etc.
1.5 Identify the types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
1.6 Identify different
leathers for different
uses.
• Show students
various types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
• Guide students to
identify different
leathers for
different uses.
Hide and skin
leather
General Objectives 2.0: Know how to measure effectively in leather works
2.1 List the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works
2.2 Explain the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Give examples of the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works.
• State the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
Tape ruler
Protractor Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system.
Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system
Convert measurement in
yards to the metric system
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
Tape ruler
Protractor
163
2.3 Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
2.4 List the units of
measurement of leather sizes.
2.5 Compare the metric
system of measurement to measurement in yards commonly used for measurement of fabric materials.
• Explain the units of measurement of leather sizes.
• Explain the measurement of fabric materials in yards and compare to measurement of same materials in metric system.
• Convert
measurement in
yards to the
metric system
General Objective 3.0: Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
3.1 List basic working tools used in leather works
3.2 State the functions of
each working tools used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic working tools used in leather works
• Explain the functions of each working tools used in leather works
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Identify basic working tools used leather works.
Use basic working tools in
leather works
• Guide students to
identify the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
Clicking
knives
Punching
pliers
164
General Objective 4.0: Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
4.1 List the primary equipment used in leather works.
4.2 List basic equipment
used in cutting process in leather works.
4.3 Describe the function
of each basic equipment used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic equipment used in leather works.
• Explain the functions of each equipment used in leather works
Sewing machine
Stamping
machine
Identify the basic equipment used for leather works.
Use basic Equipment in Leather
• Guide students
to identify the
basic equipment
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
equipment used
in leather works.
Sewing
machine
Stamping
machine
General Objective 5.0: Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
5.1 List basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
5.2 Explain basic manual
cutting process. In leather works.
5.3 Describe the process of
cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
5.4 the process of cutting
leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
• Give examples of basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
• Explain basic manual cutting process. In leather works.
• Illustrate the process of cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
• Illustrate the process of cutting leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
Scissors
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Cut pattern using
click knife (knife)
Cut simple paper pattern using hand tools.
Cut simple leather materials
for making leather products
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple paper pattern using hand tools.
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple leather materials for making leather products
Hand clicking
knife and
clicking press
with clicking
knives
Skiving hand
Skiving knife
or
skiving
machine
Scissors
Punching
pliers
165
General Objective 6.0: Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
6.1 State basic operation of leather sewing machine.
6.2 Describe basic
preparation of cutting leather material for sewing
• Describe how leather sewing machine works.
• Explain the basic preparation required of cutting leather material for sewing
6.1 Carry out manual sewing of simple leather works.
• Demonstrate
manual sewing
of simple leather
works.
General Objective 7.0: Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works
7.1 Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
7.2 Describe how to cut the
patterns on paper materials using scissor
• Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
• Describe how to cut the patterns on paper materials using scissor
7.1 Cut simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors. 7.2 Identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials.
• Demonstrate cutting of simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors.
• Guide students to identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials
166
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER S MANUFACTURE
MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN
COURSE CODE: CHS 11
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 72 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of the raw
materials and chemicals used in leather manufacture
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their values.
2.0 Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering and bleeding of animals for the production of hides and skin.
3.0 Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin.
4.0 Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage.
5.0 Understand the grading of hides and skin.
6.0 Know approved pattern of flaying
7.0 Know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing
8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin
167
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS
YEAR: TERM PRE-REQUISITE:
GOAL:
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their
values and supply. week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Hides and Skin
1.1 List different
sources of hide
and skin for
the industry.
1.2 Draw the cross
section of hide
and skin.
1.3 Outline the
differences
between hide
and skin e.g.in
- Size
- Area
- Weight
- sex,
etc
1.4 Explain the
need for
proper care of
• Explain the term
- Hide and Skin
- Farm Domestic and
- Wild animals
• Draw and label the
sections of the hide and
skin structure.
• Explain the differences
between hides and skin in
terms of size, area weight
and sex.
• Explain the need for the
following:
- good feeding
-.healthy animals in order
to produce good and
healthy skin for quality
leathers.
Cattle Range
Good Feeds
Use of Pattern
Knives
Knives
File for
sharpening
knives
Red hot Iron
1.1 Measure the size
of hide and skin
with measuring
tape.
1.2 Calculate area of
the hides and skin
with the
measurement
above.
1.3 Weigh the animal
skin or hide, etc.
• Demonstrate
measurement of
hide and skin.
• Guide students to
calculate area of the
hides and skin with
the measurement
above.
• Demonstrate
weighing of hides
and skins.
Cattle Range
Good Feeds
Knives
File for
sharpening
knives
Red hot Iron
168
animals prior
to slaughter.
1.5 List the
different
determinants
of the value of
hides and skin
- Sex
- Age
- Feeding, etc.
1.6 List the
damages
inflicted on
hides and skin
during
slaughter,
flaying,
curing, and
their effects on
the quality of
hides and skin.
1.7 Explain
branding
marks on the
skin of live
animals
• Explain quality flaying.
• Explain effects of good
feeding on the animals.
• Explain damages inflicted
on the hides and skin
during flaying e.g. knife
cuts, gauge marks,
scratches and bruises.
• Explain the effect of
branding on a live animal
as a cause of damage on
the hide and skin quality.
• Describe branding
marks on the skin of
live animals
Use of Inks for
branding
Use of hot Iron
rods for branding
1.4 Identify bruises or
scratches on the
grain pattern of
hides and skins.
1.5 Identify branding
marks on the skin
of live animals
• Conduct visual
assessment of hides
and skins to identify
bruises and
scratches on the
grain surface.
• Guide students to
identify the effect of
branding marks on
the quality of hide
and skins for
production of good
quality leather.
Pattern
Knives
Inks for
branding
hot Iron rods
for branding
169
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2.0: Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering of animals for the production of hides and skin. Tools and Equipment
used in slaughtering
2.1 Identify tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir e.g.
- Using Knives
- Using Electronic
- Stoning
- Electric Shock
2.2 Explain the uses of the
tools and equipment
used in 2.1 above.
• Explain approve knives
pattern.
• Explain modern methods
of bleeding
- Explain different methods
of killing the animals e.g.
the use of
- Knives
- Electronic Stoning
- Electric Shock
- Knives
- Electronic
Stoning
- Electric Shock
2.1 Mention the
tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir.
2.2 Observe the
slaughtering of
animals for the
production of hides
and skin.
Guide students to
maintain the tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir.
Supervise the
slaughtering of
animals for the
production of hides
and skin.
- Knives
- Electronic
Stoning
- Electric
Shock
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 3.0: Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin. Trade Terms in Hides
and Skin
3.1 Explain the following
common trade terms
in hides and skin
✓ Fell-mongering
✓ Hinny
✓ Kip
✓ Calf
✓ Green Weight
(including its ratio in
• Explain the common
trade names in hides and
Skin listed in 3.1.
• Explain a calf, calfskin
Fallen animals
Fallen skins
Rejects
3.1 Identify skin from
fallen (dead)
animals e.g. it’s
very bloody nature,
which stains every
object it comes in
contact with.
Guide students to
identify the features
of skin from fallen
(dead) animals, e.g.
the skin is very
bloody and stains any
objects it comes in
contact, which has
effect on resultant
leather due to patchy
dyeing.
Fallen
animals
Fallen skins
Rejects
170
relation to dry
weight, salted weight)
✓ Stencil number
(including their uses)
✓ Hide Yield
✓ Hide Constitution e.g.
tanned
✓ Wild
✓ Spready hides
3.2 State the hides and skin
regulations applicable
in different parts of
Nigeria.
• Explain fell-mongering,
poor bleeding, and their
effects on the quality of
hides and skin.
• Explain various terms
listed above
• .Explain the hides and
skin regulations
applicable in different
parts of Nigeria.
3.2 Identify the effects
of blood on the
skin as causes of
patching.
3.3 Identify the effects
of blood on the
skin as causes of
dyeing
Guide students to
identify the effects of
blood on the skin as
causes patching and
dyeing.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4.0: Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage. 4.1 Explain the techniques
of curing and flaying
using fraying knives
and machines.
4.2 Describe the different
curing methods in
Nigeria including:
- flinting
-pickling
- tent or parasol drying
-the three wire system.
4.3 Explain other methods
of curing with salt e.g.
✓ dry and wet salting,
✓ brining indicating
where each type of
• Explain the terms curing,
flaying.
• Describe the patterns for
flaying knives.
• Explain the different
curing methods in
Nigeria including:
- flinting
- pickling
- tent or parasol drying
- the three wire system.
• Explain other curing
methods with salts in 4.3
• Define brining and its
uses in curing.
4.1 Identify common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ industrial salt.
4.2 Identify types of
knives cuts, scars,
gauges, etc on
hides and skin.
4.3 Identify possible
damages during
storage and
transportation e.g.
- holes on skins due to
insects’ damages
Show students
common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ industrial salt.
• Guide students
to identify types
of knives cuts,
scars, gauges, etc
on hides and
skin.
• Guide students
to identify
possible
damages during
storage and
171
curing is mainly
practiced.
4.4 Name common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ denatured salt.
4.5 Explain the recipe for
salting, brining and
pickling.
4.6 Explain the theory of
salt penetration during
curing.
4.7 Differentiate between
dry salting and wet
salting.
4.8 State the application of
wet and dry salting.
4.9 Explain the importance
and uses of fungicide
Bactenocide solutions.
4.10 Explain the use of the
following insecticides
during storage:
✓ liquid insecticide
✓ powder insecticide
✓ aerosole
• Define pickling and its
uses in curing.
• Give examples of
common commercial
curing salts (Industrial)
listed in 4.4.
• Explain the recipe for
salting, brining and
pickling.
• Explain the theory of salt
penetration during
curing
• Explain dry salting and
wet salting and their
applications.
• Explain the popularity of
wet salting.
• Explain the uses of the
following insecticides
during storage:
- liquid insecticide
- powder insecticide
- aerosole
• Describe the preparation
of fungicide Bactenocide
solution.
- holes caused by
rodents
- cracks, bends on
skin
during baling,
movement, etc.
4.4 Carry out both wet
and dry salting.
4.5 Prepare salt
solution for brining
process.
4.6 Demonstrate the
effects of poor
application of
brining
4.7 Identify fungicides
used on hides and
skin e.g.
- “Busan 30”
- “ Nercolan F24”
4.8 Identify the effect
of poor application
of fungicides and
over dilution.
4.9 Identify grain
cracks and
transportation
e.g. grain cracks,
holes effects
from rodents and
insects attack,
etc.
• Demonstrate
both wet and dry
salting
• Demonstrate
how to prepare
salt solution for
brining.
• Demonstrate the
effects of poor
application of
brining
• Show samples of
fungicides used
on hides and
skins e.g.
- “Busan 30”
- “ Nercolan F24”
• Demonstrate the
effect of poor
application of
fungicides and
over dilution.
172
4.11Outline the effects of
salt in Tannery waste
water.
4,12 Explain the process of
dilution and spraying
on the skins.
4.13 Describe holes on
skins due to insects’
damages i.e. holes on
dried salted hides and
skins.
4.14 Explain grain cracks
on stored skins i.e.
cracks on dried salted
hides and skins
4.15 Differentiate salt
(NaCl) as a Bacteriol
stat (i.e. makes
bacteria inactive) or
Bacteriol side i.e.
agents that kills
bacteria)
• Explain the effects of salt
in Tannery waste water.
• Explain the process for
dilution and spraying on
the skins with pesticides.
• Explain possible
damages on skins during
storage and
transportation e.g
- cracks on stored skins.
- holes on skins due to
insects’ damages
- holes caused by rodents
- cracks, bends, on skin
during baling,
movement, etc.
• Explain reasons why salt
(NaCl) act as as a
Bacteriol stat (i.e. makes
bacteria inactive) or
Bacteriol side i.e. agents
that kills bacteria)
damages due to
storage and
transportation.
4.10 Identify grain
damages due to
storage/
transportation
• Lead students to
observe grain
damages due to
storage/
transportation
• Guide students
to identify the
grain damages
occurring due to
storage and
transportation.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 5.0: Understand the grading of hides and skin
Grading of Hides and
Skin
5.1 Differentiate between
grading and selection
in hides and skin.
5.2 Explain the application
of grading and selection
in hides and skin of
• Explain the terms:
grading, selection in
hides and skins.
• Describe different grades
in hides and skin e.g.
- Measuring
tapes
- Grades I, II III
and IV and also
Rejects.
5.1 Select skins into
different sizes e.g.
- heavy,
- medium,
- light
5.2 Identify different
grades in hides and
• Demonstrate
selection of skins
into different
sizes e.g.
- heavy,
- medium,
- light
• Assist students
in the
- Measuring
tapes
- Grades I, II III
and IV
- Rejects.
173
goats, sheep,
crocodiles, snakes, etc.
5.3 State the grades of
hides and skins as
Grade I, II, III, IV and
Rejects
5.3 Explain commercial
classification of hides
and skin.
5.4 Explain folding and
bundling of hides and
skin.
5.5 State the maximum
height a pile of hide
and skins could be
giving consideration to
the system of packing
the skins flesh to flesh
or grain to grain.
Grades I, II III and IV
and also Rejects.
• State reasons for Grade I
as best for leather
production rather than
Grades II. III, IV and
Rejects.
• Explain the value of
hides over skins, area
yield, more applicable to
various production while
skins are limited.
• Explain folding and
bundling of hides and
skin.
• Explain the maximum
height a pile of hide and
skins could considering
the system of packing
the skins according to:
- flesh to flesh
- grain to grain
skin e.g. Grades I,
II, III and IV and
their uses.
5.3 Identify Rejects of
hide and skins.
and their uses.
5.4 Carry out piling of
salted hide and
skins according to
- flesh to flesh and
- grain to grain.
5.5 State the maximum
height a pile of
hide and skins
could be.
identification of
different
grades in hides
and skin e.g.
Grades I, II, III
and IV and also
Rejects and their
uses.
• Demonstrate
piling of salted
hide and skins.
• Guide students
to identify
maximum height
to pile skins
according to
- flesh to flesh
- grain to grain.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 6.0: Know approved pattern of flaying
Pattern of flaying
6.1Explain the meaning of
flaying.
6.2 Mention types of
flaying knives.
6.2 Describe manual
flaying.
• Describe the process of
flaying and its purpose
in hides and skin
• Explain types of flaying
knives with examples
• Describe Manual flaying
Various types of
fraying knives
Compressors for
inflation of
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
Motor Cycle
pumps for
6.1 Identify various
types of fraying
knives
6.2 Use pump or
compressor to
inflate the animal
prior to making
initial ripping cut.
• Show students
types of fraying
knives.
• Demonstrate the
use of pumps or
compressor to
inflate the
animal before
making initial
ripping cut.
Various types of
fraying knives
Compressors for
inflation of
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
Motor Cycle
pumps for
174
6.4 Describe the procedure
of inflation of animal
using pumps or
compressor to make
initial ripping cut.
• Explain the procedure of
inflation of animal using
pumps or compressor to
make initial ripping cut,
inflation of the
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
6.3 Make initial
ripping cuts.
6.4 Carry out flaying
using appropriate
tools.
• Demonstrate
initial ripping
cuts.
• Demonstrate
flaying using
appropriate
tools.
inflation of the
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 7. 0: know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing
Rules and regulations of
Hides and Skins sales and
marketing
7.1 Define a rule as guide
for hides and skins
production, sales and
market.
7.2 State the laws on the
following:
- Flaying
- Preparation
- Preservation
- Transportation
- Marketing
7.2 Differentiate between
rules and regulation as
each affects marketing
of hides and skins.
• Explain Hide and Skins
laws.
• Explain a rule as guide
for hides and skins
production.
• State the gazettes
number on Hide and
Skin.
• State the laws on the
following:
- Flaying
- Preparation
- Preservation
- Transportation
- Marketing
• Explain the differences
between rules and
regulation in relation to
the marketing of hides
and skins.
Fraying knives
Abattoir
Slaughter Slab
Hides and Skin
7.1 Identify States of
the Federation that
obey laws and
regulation on
hides and Skins,
7.2 Cite example of
Law, e.g. Hides
and Skins properly
flayed are not
allowed to leave
Abattoir of
Slaughter slabs.
7.3 Identify the effects
of obeying the
laws and
regulations on
Hides and Skin.
e.g. the recovery
rates of hides and
skin will be
• Give examples
of States of the
Federation that
obey laws and
regulations on
hides and Skins.
• Cite example of
Law, e.g. Hides
and Skins
properly flayed
are not allowed
to leave Abattoir
of Slaughter
slabs.
• Cite the effects
of obeying the
laws and
regulations on
Hides and Skin.
e.g. the
recovery rates of
Flaying knives
Abattoir
Slaughter Slab
Hides and Skin
175
7.3 Explain the flowing
licenses in relation to
hides and skin:
- Local Government
- States
- Federal
7.4 Explain rules of hides
and skin as they affect
hides and skins
marketing and
transportation
7.5 Explain curing or
preservation of hide
and skins.
7.6 Explain the proper
storage process of hide
and skins
7.7 Outline the importance
of preservation of hide
and skins to ensure
quality in leather
manufacture.
7.8 Describe best practices
in preservation of
hides and skin e.g.
proper application of
- wet and dry salting
- Brining and
- chilling i.e.
refrigeration.
• Explain the flowing
licenses in relation to
hides and skin:
- Local Government
- States
- Federal
• Explain rules of hides
and skin as they affect
hides and skins marketing
and transportation.
• Explain curing or
preservatives of hide and
skins.
• Explain the proper best
storage process of hides
and skins
• Explain the importance of
preservation of hide and
skins in relation to best
practices in leather
manufacture.
• Describe best practices in
preservation of hides and
skin e.g. proper
application of
- wet and dry salting
- Brining and
- chilling i.e. refrigeration
Laws and
Regulation on
Hide and Skim
Licenses in
relation to hides
and skin:
- Local
Government
- States
- Federal
Storage Facilities
increased as the
properly flayed
hides and skin are
not allowed to
leave the abattoir
or slaughter house
7.4 Visit Canteens,
Abattoirs,
Slaughter slabs to
observe best
practices of
slaughtering
animals and
fraying of hide and
skins.
7.5 Carry out curing or
preservation of
hide and skins.
7.6 Comply to best
practices in
preservation of
hides and skin e.g.
proper application
of
- wet and dry
salting
- Brining and
- chilling (i.e.
refrigeration)
hides and skin
will be increased
as the properly
flayed hides and
skin are not
allowed to leave
the abattoir or
slaughter house.
• Take students on
industrial visit s
to Canteens,
Abattoirs,
Slaughter slabs
to observe
abattoir best
practices of
slaughtering
animals and
fraying of hide
and skins.
• Demonstrate
preservation of
hides and skin
e.g. proper
application of
- wet and dry
salting
- Brining and
- chilling (i.e.
refrigeration).
Laws and
Regulation on
Hide and Skim
Licenses in
relation to hides
and skin:
- Local
Government
- States
- Federal
Storage
Facilities
176
7.7 Adopt proper
storage process of
hide and skins.
• Guide students
to apply proper
storage of hide
and skins
GENERAL OBEJECTIVE 8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin
Common diseases and
defects of hides and skin
8.1 List common diseases
of hides and skin e.g.
✓ Ticks and mangees
✓ Mycotics dermatitis
8.2 Explain common
diseases of hides and
skins listed below:
- Dermatophilosis
congolenses
- Tick bites
- Mycotics dermatitis
8.3 List common defects of
hides and skin e.g.
- Knife cuts
- Gauge marks
- Bad shape
- Improper bleeding
-Rubbed or dragged
grain
- Poor storage
• Explain diseases and
defects associated with
hides and skins.
• Explain common diseases
of hides and skin e.g.
✓ Dermatophilosis
congolenses
✓ Tick bites
✓ Mycotics dermatitis
• Describe the effects the
diseases above on tanned
leather
• Explain common defects
of hides and skin with
examples as in 8.3.
• Explain fraying cuts,
scars, gauges, scratches
as defects on hides and
skins.
- Diseases skins
- Processing
Chemicals
- Visit to
Canteen, Abattoir
or Slaughter
slabs
- Abattoir and
Slaughter House
best practices
8.1 Tan a skin from a
diseased animal.
8.2 Tan a skin that is
poorly flayed.
8.3 Illustrate tanned
leather with poor
shape.
8.4 Identify types of
diseases s due to
poor flaying.
8.5 Identify types of
defects due to poor
flaying
• Guide students
to carry out the
activities in 8.1
to 8.4.
• Observe
diseased tanned
leather and
guide students to
identify the
features.
• Guide students
to identify types
of diseases s due
to poor flaying.
• Guide students
to identify types
of defects due to
poor flaying
- Diseases skins
- Processing
Chemicals
- Visit to
Canteen,
Abattoir or
Slaughter slabs
- Abattoir and
Slaughter House
best practices
177
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFATURE
MODULE: CLM 12 PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION
PRE-REQUISITE: CHS 11 INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKINN
DURATION: 72 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of the technology
of leather manufacture.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know the sources of water, its properties and importance in tanning.
2.0 Understand the use of tannery dyes, finishes and other chemicals.
3.0 Know tannery machines and equipment.
4.0 Understand in outline the process of leather manufacture.
5.0 Understand the basic principles of quality control in leather manufacture.
178
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
Course: PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION Course Code: CLM 12 Contact Hours: 120
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR II, TERM I
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of the technology of leather manufacture
General Objective 1.0: Know the sources of water, its properties and importance in tanning. Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical: 4 Hours Practical: 6 Hours
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Water for Tanning
1.1 State the available
sources of water
supply in tanning.
1.2 Explain the
importance of water in
the tanning process
1.3 Explain the effect of
hard water on tanning.
1.4 Outline the process of
removal of water
hardness before use in
tanning.
• Explain the available
sources of water
supply in tanning.
• State the importance
of water in the tanning
process
• Describe the effect of
hard water on tanning
Explain the process of
removal of water
hardness before use in
tanning.
Charts
1.1 Identify the
available sources of
water supply in
tanning.
1.2 Carry out removal of
water hardness
before use in
tanning.
Show sources of water
supply in tanning.
Demonstrate the
process of removal of
water hardness before
use in tanning.
• Hard
Water
• Drums
General Objective 2.0: Understand the use of tanning dyes, finishes and other chemicals
179
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Tannery dyes, finishes
and other chemicals:
2.1 Name major
vegetable
tanning
materials used
in Nigeria and
describe the
sources.
2.2 Outline the
preparation of
chrome
liquors.
2.3 Explain the
basic
principles of
basicity of
chrome
liquors.
2.4 Explain the
use of: oils,
fats, waxes,
fat liquors in
tanning and
their merits.
2.5 List types of
dyes and
finishes for
the leather
industry and
outline their
characteristics
State major vegetable
tanning materials used in
Nigeria and describe the
sources.
Explain the preparation of
chrome liquors.
Discuss the basic
principles of basicity of
chrome liquors.
Describe the use of: oils,
fats, waxes, fat liquors in
tanning and outline their
merits.
State types of dyes
and finishes for the
leather industry
outline and their
characteristics
Identify the following in
tanning:-
-indicators;
-PH papers;
-scales;
-buffer solutions.
Show the following in
tanning:-
-indicators;
-PH papers;
-scales;
-buffer solutions.
indicators;
-PH papers;
-scales;
-buffer
solutions.
180
2.6 List the
sources of
dyes and
finishes listed
in 2.5 above.
2.7 Explain the
factors
governing the
choice of dyes
and finishes in
tanning.
2.8 Explain the
principle of
fixation of
dyes and
finishes.
2.9 Explain the
use of the
following in
tanning:-
-indicators;
-PH papers;
-scales;
-buffer
solutions.
2.10 State the
safety
precautions to
be observed in
the use of:-
acids, alkalis,
State the sources of
dyes and finishes
listed in 2.5 above
State the factors
governing the choice of
dyes and finishes in
tanning.
Discuss the principle of
fixation of dyes and
finishes.
Describe the use of the
following in tanning:-
-indicators;
-PH papers;
-scales;
-buffer solutions.
Outline State the safety
precautions to be observed
in the use of:- acids,
alkalis, salts, finishes etc.
in the leather industry.
183
General Objective 3.0: Know tannery machines and equipment. Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Tannery Machines and
Equipment:
3.1 List tanning
equipment
and machines
according to
the production
process e.g.
Equipment:
drum, paddle,
pits
Machines:
unhairing,
fleshing,
splitting,
shaving, etc
3.2 Explain the
measurement
of volumes
and capacity
of pit, drums,
paddles.
3.3 State the
safety
precautions to
be observed in
the use of the
different
equipment
and machines
listed in 3.1
above.
Describe tanning
equipment and
machines according to
the production process
as listed in 3.1.
Describe the measurement
of volumes and capacity
of pit, drums, paddles.
Explain the safety
precautions to be
observed in the use of
the different
equipment and
machines listed in 3.1
Projector
Marker Board
Identify tanning
equipment and machines
according to the
production process e.g.
Equipment:
drum, paddle, pits
Machines:
un hairing, fleshing,
splitting, shaving, etc
Measure volumes and
capacity of pit, drums,
paddles.
Observe safety
precautions in the use of
the different equipment
and machines listed in
3.1
Guide the
identification of
tanning equipment and
machines
Guide the
measurement of
volumes and capacity
of pit, drums, paddles.
Demonstrate safety
precautions in the use
of the different
equipment and
machines listed in 3.1
Equipment:
drum, paddle,
pits
Machines:
un hairing,
fleshing,
splitting,
shaving
Safety charts
184
General Objective 4.0: Understand in outline the process of leather manufacture Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
185
Outline of leather
manufacture:
4.1 Outline the
process of
leather
manufacture.
4.2 Explain the
different
departments
in the tanning
industry viz:
-beam yard;
-tan yard;
-finishing
yard;
-laboratory.
4.3 Explain in
outline the
operation of
each of the
departments
viz:
Bean yard:
soaking,
liming and
unhairing,
deliming,
bating,
drenching,
degreasing,
pickling.
Explain the process of
leather manufacture
Describe the different
departments in the tanning
industry.
Describe the operation of
each of the departments in
4.2.
Projector
Marker Board
Identify the different
departments in the
tanning industry viz:
-beam yard;
-tan yard;
-finishing yard;
-laboratory.
Show the different
departments in the
tanning industry viz:
-beam yard;
-tan yard;
-finishing yard;
-laboratory.
Tanning
industry
186
Tan yard:
vegetable
tannages, chrome
tannages, semi-
chrome tannages,
aldehydes, oils,
syntan, zirconium.
Finishing yard:
dyeing, fat
liquoring,
finishing.
4.4 Explain the
different
drying
methods in
leather
manufacture:
vacuum
drying, drying
under tension.
4.5 Outline the
manufacturing
process of
different types
of leather e.g.
uppers,
upholstery,
sued, soles,
etc.
Describe the different
drying methods in
leather manufacture
Explain the
manufacturing process
of different types of
leather
187
General Objective 5.0: Quality Control in leather manufacture Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Quality Control in
Leather Manufacture:
5.1 Explain
different
quality
control
measures in
the various
processes f
leather
manufacture.
5.2 Explain the
various
physical and
chemical tests
involved in
the quality
control of
finished
leather.
5.3 Compare
leather and
leather
substitutes in
order to
ascertain their
similarities
and
differences.
Describe different
quality control
measures in the
various processes f
leather manufacture
Describe the various
physical and chemical
tests involved in the
quality control of finished
leather.
State the similarities and
leather substitutes
differences of leather
Projector
Marker Board
Carry out various
physical and chemical
tests used in quality
control of finished
leather.
Guide the processes of
physical and chemical
tests used in quality
control of finished
leather.
Leather
laboratories
188
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFATURE
MODULE: CLM 13 LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER PRODUCTION
PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 12 PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION
DURATION: 240 HOURS
189
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to
manufacture light and heavy leather
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Understand how to carry out beam yard processes
2.0 Understand simple recipes of various tanagers and tan various leathers up to crust, pearl stages (wet blue)
3.0 Know various chemicals in the tannery
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
Course: LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER MANUFACTURE Course Code: CFM 14 Contact Hours: 240
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM I,2,&3
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact colour and aesthetic appeal to
leather for use in shoe and leather goods manufacture
General Objective 1.0: Know the technique of application of stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather. Year:1 Theoretical Practical
190
Term:1
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Beam House Processes
1.5 Explain processes in a
Beam House.
1.6 List recipes for
soaking hide and skins
in water e.g. soap,
water and detergents
1.7 List chemical for
unhairing of hide and
skins e.g. Sodium
Sulphide, Calcium
Hydroxide.
1.8 List chemicals for
liming of hide and
skins e.g. calcium
hydroxide/ hydrated
lime.
1.9 Outline the
importance of
weighing limed pelts.
1.10 List chemicals for
deliming of limed
pelts e.g. 2%
Ammonium Chloride,
100% water.
• Explain the various
process in a beam
house
- selection of hides
and skins to sizes
- soaking
- unhairing
- liming
- fleshing
- weighing
- deliming
- bating
• Explain recipe for
soaking hide and skins
in water
• Explain recipe for
unhairing of hides and
skins.
• Explain recipe for
liming of hides and
skins.
• Explain the
importance of
weighing limed pelts.
• Explain the recipe for
deliming of limed
pelts e.g. 2%
Ammonium Chloride,
100% water
Soaking Aids
• Soap
• Water
• Sodium salt
• Phases
• Calcium
log dioxide
• Machines
• Drum
• Paddle
• Plastic
Containers
• Salt (Nacl)
• Acid
(H2SO4
• PH paper
• Indicators
• Cutting
• Knives
• Indicator
1.3 Select raw
materials for
light, medium and
heavy hide from.
cattle for heavy
leather production
1.4 Weigh raw
materials and use
the weight to
determine the
quantity of
chemicals and
other material for
the processing of
light and heavy
leathers
1.5 Unhair soaked
hides using
appropriate
chemicals and
methods e.g.
- paint unhairing
method.
1.6 Lime the unhaired
pelts using correct
recipe and methods
e.g.
• Select the Hide
and skins into
different sizes i.e.
Light, Medium
and Heavy and
soak accordingly
in pits, paddles,
plastic containers,
drums, tanks, etc
• Weigh different
Hides i.e. Light,
Medium and
Heavy hides and
soak accordingly.
• Calculate quantity
of chemicals and
other materials
required for the
processing of hide
and skins heavy
leathers using the
measured weight.
1.13 Demonstrate
the unhairing
methods on soaked
hides using
appropriate recipe
e.g. paint unhairing
method.
• Hides
• Skin
• Water
• Scales
• Sodium
sulphide
• Calcium
hydroxid
• Drums
• Paddles
• calculator
s
ammonium
chloride
191
1.11 State recipe for
bating of delimed pelt;
0.5% Bate powder,
80% Water (@ 40oC).
1.12 State recipe for
drenching; 0.4%
Formic acid (@ 50%
Water).
1.13 Describe the
process of Rounding
of butt area of hide
and skins for heavy
leather manufacture
1.14 State the uses of
the rounded parts of
the hide for the
production of light
leather
1.15 State Chemical
reactions involved in
deliming process of a
leather.
1.16 Define bating in
leather production
1.17 Explain the
process of bating of
delimed pelts.
• Explain the recipe for
bating of delimed pelt
e.g 0.5% Bate
powder, 80% Water
(@ 40oC).
• Explain the recipe for
drenching; 0.4%
Formic acid at 50%
Water).
• Explain Rounding of
hide or limed pelt to
the butt area for heavy
leather manufacture.
• Explain the uses of
the rounded parts of
hide for the
production of light
leather or for specific
types of heavy
leathers
• Explain the chemical
reactions involved in
deliming process
• Explain the process of
bating of delimed
pelts and the test for
bating
• Bate
powder
• Fomic Acid
(1:5)
• PH3.840
• Sulphuric
Acid (1:10)
Knives
Hides
-
Ammonium
sulphate
-
Ammonium
chloride
-lime/sulphide
system method
(i.e. pulping).
1.7 Round to get out
the butt area of
the hide e.g. belly
and tail regions
required for
heavy leather
manufacture
1.8 Delime using
various deliming
agents e.g.
Ammonium
Sulphate
(NH4)2SO4},
Ammonium
Chloride(NH4Cl) 1.9 Bate delimed
pelts using the
appropriate bating
powder e.g.
Pancreatic bate
{0.8%) (0.02%
Oropone) Bate
powder, 80%
Water (at 40oC)}.
1.10 Carry out test for
bating e.g. thumb
print and porosity.
• .Demonstrate the
process of liming
the unhaired pelts
using correct
recipe and
methods e.g.
-lime/sulphide
system method
(i.e. pulping).
• Demonstrate
rounding of hide
by marking and
cutting out neck,
belly and tail
regions leaving the
Butt area for
heavy leather
manufacture.
• Demonstrate the
process of
deliming the limed
pelts using
appropriate
quantity of
deliming agents
listed in 1.5.
• Guide students to
measure correct
quantity of bate
powder.
• Demonstrate the
process of bating
of delimed pelts
192
1.11 Drench the bated
pelt for vegetable
tanning.
1.12 Add 4% Salt
(NaCl) before
acid (1.0%
H2SO4) during
drenching at
dilution ratio of 1
: 10 vs Acid:
Water) to avoid
swelling of the
leather.
using appropriate
bating powder
listed in 1.7.
• Demonstrate test
for bating e.g.
thumb print and
porosity.
• Demonstrate the
process of
drenching bated
pelts for vegetable
tanning.
• Demonstrate
adding 4% Salt
(NaCl) before acid
( 1.0% H2SO4)
during drenching
(at dilution ratio of
1 : 10 vs Acid:
Water) to avoid
swelling of the
leather.
General Objective 2.0:Understand simple recipes of various tanagers and tan various leathers up to crust, pearl stages (wet blue) Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
193
Leather Tanning
2.1 Explain the
formulation of
recipes for tanning of
heavy leathers:
- 200% Water,
- 35% Vegetable extract
(bagaruwa)
- Run 4 hours
-100% water
-20% bagaruwa
-leave overnight
-add fungicide
2.2 Explain the
penetration region of
vegetable extract
(bagaruwa) on the
tanned leather.
2.3 Explain the
significance of using
vegetable materials
instead of chrome for
the purpose of fullness
and weight of leather
required.
2.4 Explain the
importance of adding
fat liquor into the
tanning liquor tin
order to soften the
leather.
2.5 Explain the re-tanning
process using either
chrome or aluminium
• Explain the
formulation of recipes
for tanning of heavy
leathers.
• Explain the procedure
for formulation of
recipes for tanning of
heavy leathers.
e.g based on quantity
of chrome 5.5% -
6.0% run 8 hours until
penetration
• Explain the
penetration of
vegetable extract
(bagaruwa) on the
tanned leather.
• Explain the
significance of using
vegetable materials
instead of chrome for
the purpose of fullness
and weight of leather
required.
• Explain the action of
fat liquor when added
to tanning liquor for
the purpose softening
the leather.
Explain the re-tanning
process using either
chrome or aluminium
to increase tensile
• Synthetic tans
• Vegetable
extracts
• Water and
Sodium
bicarbonate
• Fat liquors
• Raw oil wage
e.g
- Paste drying
- Toggle
drying
Mineral tanning
salts e.g.
2.1 Tan to produce
light leather
using:
✓ Calf skins;
✓ Sheep;
✓ Goat;
✓ Kids,
✓ Medium and
light etc.
2.2 Tan to produce
specific
leathers e.g
✓ For uppers;
✓ Clothing leathers
✓ Book-binding
✓ Gloving
✓ Linning
✓ Glazed kids
✓ Reptile skin for
✓ Fancy leathers
2.3 Tan parts of
rounded hides
e.g.
• butt area;
• belly area, etc to
produce specific
types of heavy
leather e.g. for:
• outer soles;
• ladies flexible
soles;
✓ insoles;
• betting
2.4 Apply post
tanning
processes e.g.
• Tan different
leathers from
different Raw
Materials for:
✓ Uppers/upholster
✓ Clothing, lining
leather
✓ Uppers, tinings
✓ Glazed kids
✓ Uppers Hides –
con be used to
produced light
leathers either as
uppers or
upholstery
• Demonstrate
tanning to produce
specific leathers
listed in 2.2 using
given recipes
depending on type
of leather required
and materials
available.
• Demonstrate the
process of tanning
parts of rounded
hides e.g.
• butt area;
• belly area, etc to
produce specific
heavy leather types
for in 2.3.
• Guide students to
carry out post
tanning processes
Mineral
tanning salts
e.g.
194
to increase tensile
strength and softness.
2.6 Explain the
introduction of dyes
and fixations
2.7 List the recipes of
fatliquoring
- 4% fat liquor at 50oC
2.8 List the recipes of
dyeing
- 1% dye of choice.
2.9 List recipes for fixing
the dyes (fixation)
- 0.5% based on the
quantity of dyes
used.
2.10 State properties
for different types of
leathers produced
2.11 State the type of
applications the
produced leathers are
meant for
2.12 List chemicals
required for each type
of leather
2.13 State function of
each component of the
recipe and the role
each component plays
in the process.
2.14 State duration and
concentrations of
strength and softness.
• Explain the
introduction of dyes
and fixations
• Explain the recipes of
fatliquoring
- 4% fat liquor at 50oC
• Explain the recipes of
dyeing
- 1% dye of choice.
• Explain recipes for
fixing the dyes
(fixation) 0.5% based
on the quantity of
dyes used.
• Explain properties for
different types of
leathers produced
• Explain the uses and
applications of each
type of leather
produced.
• Explain functions of
each component of the
recipe and its roles in
a given process.
• Explain
concentrations,
duration of process
mentioned above.
• Explain duration and
concentrations of
chemicals for each
process above
zirconium,
Aluminum
chrome as most
popular
• stripping;
• cleaning of
vegetable tanned
leathers;
• Oiling;
• Stuffing and
impregnation
with waxes.
2.5 Incorporate fats
and fat-liquors
into light,
medium and
heavy leathers
to soften the
leather and
increase the
tensile strength
2.6 Recognize
softness of
leather due to
effects of fat
liquor addition
2.7 Dry light
leathers by
various methods
e.g. by Paste
drying and
Toggle drying.
2.8 Mention mineral
tanning salts,
zirconium,
listed in 2.4 using
appropriate
recipes and
following
appropriate
procedures and
sequence of
chemical
additional and
running time.
• Demonstrate the
process of
incorporating fats
and fat-liquors
into leathers for
the purpose of
softening and
increase of tensile
strength.
• Recognize
softness of
leather due to
effects of fat
liquor addition
• Demonstrate
various methods
of drying leathers,
e.g.
✓ paste drying
✓ toggle drying.
• Guide students to
identify mineral
tanning salts,
zirconium,
Aluminum
chrome as
most popular
195
chemicals for each
process above.
2.15 Describe tests to
ascertain completion
of tanning process and
final quality of leather
process.
2.16 Mention mineral
tanning salts,
zirconium, Aluminum
chrome as most
popular.
2.17 Outline specific
properties of different
types of leather
during tanning process
2.18 Outline specific
properties of tanning
in leather e.g. fullness
of the produced
leather.
• Explain the necessary
tests to satisfy
completion and final
quality of leather of
process.
• Explain mineral
tanning salts,
zirconium, Aluminum
chrome most popular.
• Explain specific
properties of different
types of leather during
tanning process
• Explain the specific
properties of tanning
in leather e.g. fullness
of the produced
leather.
Aluminum
chrome as most
popular.
2.9 Identify time of
penetration of
chemicals.
2.9 Identify level of
agitation of
chemicals (rpm)
in leather during
tanning and
re-tanning
process of
leather.
2.10 Identify the
difficulties of
tanning
penetration in
various types of
leather.
2.11 Carry out test
to ascertain
completion of
the tanning
process on a
leather e.g.
fullness of the
produced
leather.
zirconium,
Aluminum chrome
as most popular.
• Guide students to
identify the
various effects of
different
concentration of
chemicals, time
and level of
agitation during
tanning and
re-tanning process
on leather of a
selected leather.
• Show students the
difficulties of
tanning
penetration in
various types of
leather.
• Demonstrate
specific properties
of tanning in
leather e.g.
conducting
appropriate testing
to confirm the
fullness of the
produced leather
General Objective 3.0:Know various chemicals commonly used in tannery
Common Chemicals
used in Tannery • Explain the role of
each of the chemicals
Chemicals used in
Beam House
3.1 Identify
chemicals • Guide students to
identify the
Chemicals in
Beam House
196
3.1 List chemicals
commonly used in
Beam House
✓ Water
✓ Sodium Sulphate
✓ Calcium Hydroxide
✓ Ammonium Chloride
✓ Ammonium Sulphate
✓ Sulphuric Acid
✓ Formic Acid
3.2 List chemicals
commonly used in the
Tan Yard
✓ Acids such as
- H2SO4,,
- Formic Acid
✓ Chrome Powder
3.3 List chemicals used in
Wet Finishing yard
✓ Dyes
✓ Syntans
✓ Vegetables Extracts
3.4 List chemicals used in
the finishing yard
✓ Pigments
✓ Binders
✓ Waxes
✓ Plasticizers
3.5 Explain the effects of
dye, syntans,
vegetable extracts on
tanned leather.
listed in 3.1used for
each process in the
Beam Yard.
• Explain the role of
each of the chemicals
listed in 3.2 used in
each process in the
Tan Yard.
• Explain the role of
each of the chemicals
listed in 3.3 used in
each process in the
Wet Finishing Yard
• Describe the
appearances of the
listed chemicals above
• Explain the effects
chemicals on pelts and
leathers e.g their
corrosive nature.
• Describe the
appearances in terms of
colour solubility.
• Explain the effects of
dye, syntans, vegetable
extracts on tanned
leather.
• Explain the chemicals
in used in
finishing yard e,g.
✓ Water
✓ Sodium,
Sulphate
✓ Calcium
Hydroxide
✓ Ammonium
Chloride
✓ Ammonium
Sulphate
✓ Sulphuric
Acid
✓ Formic Acid.
Chemicals used
in Tan Yard
Tan Yard
✓ Acids such as
- H2SO4,,
- Formic Acid
✓ Chrome
Powder
Chemicals used
in Wet Finishing
yard
✓ Dyes
✓ Syntans
✓ Vegetables
Extracts
Chemicals of
finishing yard
✓ Pigments
✓ Binders
✓ Waxes
✓ Plasticizers
commonly used
in Beam House
✓ Water
✓ Sodium,
Sulphate
✓ Calcium
Hydroxide
✓ Ammonium
Chloride
✓ Ammonium
Sulphate
✓ Sulphuric Acid
✓ Formic Acid
3.2 Identify
chemicals used in
Tan Yard
✓ Acids such as
- H2SO4,,
- Formic Acid
✓ Chrome Powder
3.3 Identify
chemicals used Wet
finishing yard
✓ Dyes
✓ Syntans
✓ Vegetables
Extracts
3.4 List chemicals of
finishing yard
✓ Pigments
✓ Binders
✓ Waxes
✓ Plasticizers
,
chemicals used in
Beam House as listed
in 3.1
• Demonstrate the
action of the
chemicals used in the
Beam House on Hid
and side.
• Guide students to
identify the
chemicals used in
Tan Yard as listed in
3.2
• Demonstrate the
effects of chemicals
used in tan yard on
the pelts.
• Guide students to
identify the
chemicals used in
Wet finishing yard.
• Guide students to
identify the
chemicals used in
general finishing
yard
✓ Water
✓ Sodium,
Sulphate
✓ Calcium
Hydroxide
✓ Ammonium
Chloride
✓ Ammonium
Sulphate
✓ Sulphuric
Acid
✓ Formic Acid
Chemicals
used in
Tan Yard
✓ Acids e.g.
-H2SO4,, -
Formic Acid
✓ Chrome
Powder
Chemicals
used in Wet
Finishing yard
✓ Dyes
✓ Syntans
✓ Vegetables
Extracts
Chemicals of
finishing yard
✓ Pigments
✓ Binders
✓ Waxes
✓ Plasticizers
197
3.5 Explain the chemicals
in used in
finishing yard e,g
.pigments, Binders,
Waxes, Plasticizers.
3.6 Explain the effects of
pigment on crust
leather.
3.7 Explain value addition
on the crust leather
due to impact of
finishing chemicals
pigments, Binders,
Waxes, Plastizers
• Explain the effects of
pigment on crust
leather.
• Explain value addition
on the crust leather due
to impact of finishing
chemicals.
3.5 Carryout dyeing
using appropriate
chemicals in 3.3
( i.e. a process of
wet finishing).
3.6 Carry out
pigmentation
appropriately.
3.7 Carryout general
finishing process
at the finishing
yard using
appropriate
chemicals in 3.4.
• Demonstrate the
processes at Wet
finishing yard by
carrying out Dyeing
using appropriate
chemicals in 3.3.
• Carryout
pigmentation using
appropriate
chemicals mentioned
in 3.4.
• Carryout finishing
process at the Wet
finishing yard at the
finishing yard using
appropriate
chemicals in 3.4.
198
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFATURE
MODULE: CLM 14 LEATHER DYEING AND FINISHING
PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 13 LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER MANUFACTURE
DURATION: 240 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact
color and aesthetic appeal to leather for use in shoe and leather goods manufacture
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1. Know the techniques of application of dye stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather
2. Know the characteristics of finished leather and its substitutes and their uses.
199
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
Course: LEATHER DYEING AND FINISHING Course Code: CLM 14 Contact Hours: 288
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR III, TERM I, II and III
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact color and aesthetic appeal to leather for use
in shoe and leather goods manufacture
General Objective 1.0: Know the techniques of application of dye stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical: 2 Hours Practical: 6 Hours
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Application of Dye Stuff,
Pigments and Finishes:
1.1 Explain the
application of
post tanning
processes before
dyeing and
finishing of
leather viz:
wetting back of
dried leather in
warm water;
neutralization( if
chrome leather)
1.2 Describe the
preparation of
dye solution and
finishing dopes.
Describe the application
of post tanning processes
before dyeing and
finishing of leather
Explain the preparation of
dye solution and finishing
dopes.
Marker board
Projector
Apply post tanning
processes before
dyeing and finishing of
leather viz:
wetting back of dried
leather in warm
water;
neutralization( if
chrome leather)
Prepare dye solution and finishing dopes
Apply dying
processing to leather,
using various dyes,
viz: acid dyes;
basic dyes;
Guide the application
and preparation
processes
warm water;
Various dyes
suede leather;
clothing
leather ;
glove leather ;
glaced kids.
200
1.3 Explain the
application of
dying processing
to leather, using
various dyes, viz:
acid dyes;
basic dyes;
direct dyes;
and using various
methods iz;
pad dyeing;
drum dyeing.
1.4 Describe the
dyeing of various
types of leather;
e.g. suede
leather;
clothing leather ;
glove leather ;
glaced kids.
1.5 Explain the
application of
pigments using
prepared dopes
by:
padding;
spraying;
curtain coating.
Describe the application
processes
Explain the dyeing
process of various types
of leather
Describe the application
of pigments using
prepared dopes by:
padding;
spraying;
curtain coating
direct dyes;
and using various
methods iz;
pad dyeing;
drum dyeing.
Dye various types of
leather; e.g. suede
leather; clothing
leather ;
glove leather ;
glaced kids.
Apply pigments using
prepared dopes by:
padding;
spraying;
curtain coating.
Apply top finish by
spraying.
Glaze or wet plate by machine, taking into consideration the types of finish for heavy leather, roll by machine
201
1.6 Describe the
application of top
finish by spraying.
Explain top finish
application by spraying
General Objective 2.0: know the characteristics of finished leather and its substitutes and their uses
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Characteristics of finished
leather:
2.1 Classify
leather as
soft, hard etc
and explain
the choices of
a particular
type of
leather
product.
2.2 List leather
substitute and
explain their
advantage
and
disadvantage
2.3 List different
kinds of goods
that may be
State the classification
of leather and choice
of leather product
State leather substitute explaining their advantage and disadvantage State different kinds of goods that may be
Marker
board
Projector
Identify materials
used for reinforcing in
leather goods
manufacture
Guide the
identification of
materials for reinforcing in leather goods manufacture
materials used for reinforcing
202
manufactured
from lather.
2.4 List different
types of fibre
boards used
in leather
good industry
and explain
their
properties.
2.5 List different
types of yarns
and threads
used in
leather goods
manufacture
and explain
their uses.
2.6 Explain the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of using
leather in the
making of
shoes and
other leather
goods as
manufactured from lather. State different types of fibre boards used in leather good industry explaining their properties.
Explain different types of
yarns and threads used in
leather goods
manufacture and their
uses.
State the advantages and
disadvantages of using
leather in the making of
shoes and other leather
goods as compared to the
use of other materials
203
compared to
the use of
other
materials.
2.7 Explain
materials
used for
reinforcing in
leather goods
manufacture,
their
characteristics
and uses.
2.8 Explain the principles of adhesion
2.9 List types of adhesive used in leather works industry.
State materials used for
reinforcing in leather
goods manufacture, their
characteristics and uses.
Discuss the principles of adhesion
State types of adhesive
used in leather works
industry.
204
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN
LEATHER MANUFACTURE
LIST OF EQIUPMENT
WET PROCESSES: 1. Beams 2. Fleshing and unhairing knives 3. Drums 4. Vats 5. Horses (wooden) 6. Plastic basins and plastic pails and cups (all graduated) 7. Pits 8. Hose pipes 9. Avery weighing machine 10. Scales 11. Fleshing machine 12. Unhairing machine 13. Splitting machine 14. Tan yard 15. Seeting machine 16. Shaving machine 17. Buffing machine 18. Staking machine 19. Drying chamber 20. Toggling frames 21. Plating machine with different plates 22. Spray gun 23. Finishing chamber with exhaust fan.
205
Tannery Machines for Training of 30 Students
S/N
Tools
Minimum tools
required
Beam horse
machine
1 Beam horse 5
2 Beam/fleshing
knives
5
3 Fleshing machine 1
4 Drums 3
5 Vats 5
6 Horses 5
7 Plastic
containers(different
5 (each)
206
sizes ranging from
cups, buckets,
drums)
8 Hose pipes 2
9 A very weighing
sealers
2
10 Smaller sealers (50gm-200gm)3
11 Smaller sealers (10gm-50gm)3
12 Fleshing machine 1
Tan yard
13 Splitting machine 1
14 Seeting out
machine
1
15 Shaving machine 1
16 Buffing machine 2
207
17 Staking machine 1
18 Drying
machine/toggle
dryers
1
Finishing machine
19 Complete set of
spraying machine
1
20 Rotto pressing
machine
1
21 Embossing
machine/different
embossing plates
1
22 A lazing machine 2
23 Spraying gum 3
24 Spraying boot 3
208
25 Extractors- to
extract
gaseous/fames up
to the sky
6
26 Finishing chamber
with exhaust fans
1
27 Factory building to house the machines and the labour force
210
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICAT IN LEATHER TRADES
MODULE: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES
COURCE CODE: CHS 10
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 60 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather
trades
General Objectives:
19.0 Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment
20.0 Understand safety rules in the Leather work Environment
21.0 Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
22.0 Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
23.0 Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
24.0 Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace 10.0 Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
211
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER
MANUFACTURE
Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY INLEATHER TRADE Course Code: CHS 10 Contact Hours: 60
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather
trades General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Explain occupational health and safety 1.2 Explain environmental
hazard risks
1.3 Explain the effect of
environmental hazards
• State the occupational health and safety
Hide and
Skins
Apply environmental
protection methods
Identify environmental
hazard risks
General Objective 2.0: Understand safety rules in the leather work environment
2.1 Name Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
2.2 Explain uses of
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
• Explain Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Explain uses of Personal
Protective Equipment
(PPEs) applicable to
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs)
2.1 Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to leather
wok environment.
2.2 Use appropriate
Personal Protective
• Select Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
applicable to
leather wok
environment.
• Demonstrate uses
of appropriate
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs
212
applicable to leather
wok environment e.g.
Head Protection gears,
Foot Protection gears,
Face Protection gears,
Eye Protection gears,
Hand Protection gears,
Body Protection gears,
etc
leather work
environment in 2.2
Equipment (PPEs)
correctly.
2.3 Maintain clean
working
surrounding/
environment
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPEs)
• Guide students to
maintain clean
working
surrounding/
environment
General Objective 3.0: Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment
3.1 State the importance of
first aid in the work
environment
3.2 Name the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
• Explain the importance of
first aid in the work
environment.
• Explain the first aid
materials applicable in
the leather wok
environment
First aid
3.1 Identify first aid
materials needed in
the work
environment.
3.2 Select first aid
materials applicable
in the leather work
environment.
3.3 Apply first aid
methods when
necessary in the
work environment
• Assist students to
identify first aid
materials needed
in the work
environment.
• Select first aid
materials
applicable in the
leather work
environment.
• Demonstrate first
aid procedures
necessary in the
work environment
First aid
Materials
General Objective 4.0: Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment
4.1 Explain safety rules
and regulations to
maintain health and
hygiene in the work
environment.
4.2. Explain personal
hygiene of workers
• Explain safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
• State the importance of
maintaining good
personal hygiene.
Personal
Protective
Equipment
(PPEs).
4.1 Wear clean and
smart and
appropriate Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPEs).
4.2 Get any cuts, grazes
and wounds given
• Guide students to
work safely at all
times complying
with health and
safety and other
regulations and
guidelines e.g. use
of correct PPEs.
213
4.3 State general rules on
hygiene that must be
followed in the work
environment and the
importance to the
health of the worker.
4.4 State own
responsibilities under
the Health and Safety
Act as it relates to
leather industry
4.5 Report illness and
infections promptly to
the appropriate
persons.
4.0 Describe how to deal
with cuts, grazes and
wounds promptly by
an appropriate
personnel (First Aider)
• Explain the need and
relevance of compliance
to safety rules and
regulations to maintain
health and hygiene in the
work environment.
• Explain students’ or
workers’ or instructors’
responsibilities under the
Health and Safety Act as
it relates to leather
industry.
• Illustrate procedure to
report illness and
infections promptly to the
appropriate persons.
• Explain why it is
important to deal with
cuts, gazes and wounds
promptly and accurately
by an appropriate
personnel (first aider) in
the work environment
immediate treatment
by appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment.
• Guide students to
identify the
procedures to
follow to get any
cuts, grazes and
wounds given
immediate
treatment by
appropriate
personnel (First
Aider) in the work
environment
General Objective 5.0: Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment
214
5.1 State the importance of
working in a healthy,
safe and hygienic
workplace.
5.2 Report any accident or
near accidents quickly
and accurately to the
right personnel.
5.3 State where
information about
health and safety
procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
5.4 Describe types of
hazards that may occur
in the leather work
environment.
5.5 Describe how types of
hazards that may occur
in the workplace can
be prevented or dealt
with effectively.
5.6 State types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be
dealt with personally
by student or worker.
• Explain the importance of
working in a healthy, safe
and hygienic workplace at
all times.
• Guide students to report
any accident or near
accidents quickly and
accurately to the right
personnel.
• Explain sources of
information about health
and safety procedures and
regulations can be
obtained in the work
environment.
• Explain possible types of
hazards or near hazards
that may occur in the
leather work
environment.
• Describe how types of
hazards or near hazards in
the workplace can be
prevented or dealt with
effectively.
• Explain types of hazards
in the leather work
environment that be dealt
with personally by the
student or worker.
5.1 Practice emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
5.2 Follow
organizational
security procedures
in doing work in the
leather industry.
5.3 Carry out proper
disposal methods of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.4 Observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
5.5 Observe proper
control of sound and
noise in the work
environment.
5.6 Identify any hazards
or potential hazards
in the work
environment and
how to deal with
them effectively.
• Demonstrate
emergency
procedures when
necessary in a wok
environment.
• Follow
organizational
security procedures
in doing work in
the leather industry.
• Assist students to
dispose organic and
inorganic waste
safely.
• Assist students to
observe proper
pollution control of
organic and
inorganic wastes.
• Assist students to
observe sound and
noise protection
methods in the
work environment.
• Ensure that
identified hazards
or potential hazards
are dealt with
promptly and
accurately
215
5.7 State hazards in the
leather work
environment that
should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or
seeking for external
solution
• State hazards in the
leather work environment
that should be reported to
someone else for
treatment and/or seeking
for external solution e.g.
enhanced medical
attention.
General Objective 6.0: Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace
a 6.1 State how to warn
other people about
dangers and hazards in
the work place.
6.2 State why it is
important to warn
people about dangers
and hazards in the
workplace.
6.3 Describe types of
emergencies that may
happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Describe how to deal
with emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 State where to find the
first aid equipment in
the work environment.
• Explain how to warn
other people about
hazards in the work place
and why it is important.
• Describe how to warn
people about hazards in
the work place giving
specific examples using
relevant teaching aids.
• Explain types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain procedures to
deal with types of
emergencies that may
happen in the workplace.
• Explain location of the
first aid equipment in the
work environment.
6.1 Illustrate how to
warn other people
about dangers and
hazards in the work
place.
6.3 Identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.4 Practice how to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
6.5 Locate the First Aid
equipment in the
work environment.
• Demonstrate how to
warn other people
about hazards in the
work place and why
it is important.
• Guide students to
identify types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Demonstrate
procedures to deal
with various types of
emergencies that
may happen in the
workplace.
• Assist students to
locate the First aid
equipment in the
work environment
indicating necessary
216
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work place.
6.7 Describe safe lifting
and handling
techniques that should
be followed in the
work place.
6.8 State other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
• Explain who is a First
Aider and the functions of
a First Aider.
• Explain safe lifting and
handling techniques that
should be followed in the
work place.
• Explain other ways of
working safely that is
relevant to own position
in the work environment
6.6 Identify who is a first
aider in the work
place.
6.7 Carryout safe lifting
and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
6.8 Identify other ways
of working safely
that is relevant to
own position in the
work environment
marks and position
in the workplace.
Guide students to
identify who is a
First Aider and the
functions of a First
Aider.
• Demonstrate safe
lifting and handling
techniques that
should be followed
in the work place.
• Demonstrate other
ways of working
safely that is
relevant to own
position in the work
environment
General Objective 7.0: Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place
7.1 Describe the
organizational
emergency procedures
with particular
reference to fire
outbreak.
7.2 State possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Describe how to
minimize possibility of
fire outbreak in the
work place.
• Explain how own
organizational emergency
procedures should be
followed e.g. in the event
of fire outbreak.
• Explain possible causes
for fire outbreak in the
workplace.
• Explain methods and
procedures to minimize
possibility of fire
outbreak in the work
place.
Fire alarms
7.1 Identify
organizational
emergency
procedures with
particular reference
to fire outbreak.
7.2 Identify possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
7.3 Identify how to
minimize possibility
• Demonstrate the
organizational
emergency
procedures to be
followed e.g. in the
event of fire
outbreak.
• Show possible
causes for fire
outbreak in the
workplace.
• Show methods to
minimize possibility
Fire alarms
217
7.4 State where to find the
alarms e.g. fire alarms
in the work place
7.5 Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
7.6 State why a fire should
never be approached
unless it is declared
safe by appropriate
person
7.6 State the importance of
following fire safety
rules.
7.7 Describe
organizational security
procedures for dangers
e.g. fire outbreak in a
work environment.
7.8 State the importance of
reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or
non-routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate personnel
• Explain where to find
the alarms e.g. fire
alarms in the work place
• Describe how to set off
fire alarm when
necessary.
• Explain why a fire
should never be
approached unless it is
declared safe by
appropriate person
• Explain the importance
of following fire safety
rules.
• Explain organizational
security procedures for
dangers e.g. fire
outbreaks are
considered very
important in the work
place.
• Explain the importance
of reporting all usual or
unusual (routine or non-
routine) incidents that
will constitute dangers
in the workplace to the
appropriate personnel
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
7.4 Locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place.
7.5 Practice how to set
off fire alarm when
necessary.
7.7 Identify
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g. fire
outbreak in a work
environment.
7.8 Recognize the need
for reporting all
usual or unusual
(routine or non-
routine) incidents
that will constitute
dangers in the
workplace to the
appropriate
personnel
of fire outbreak in
the work place.
• Guide students to
locate alarms e.g.
fire alarms in the
work place
• Demonstrate how
to set off fire alarm
when necessary
• Guide students to
observe
organizational
security procedures
for dangers e.g.
fire outbreaks.
• Show the need for
reporting all usual
or unusual (routine
or non-routine)
incidents that will
constitute dangers
in the workplace to
the appropriate
personnel
218
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN
LEATHER TRADE
MODULE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION
COURSE CODE: CBS 10
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 72 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in
leather works to be able to function effectively in the leather work environment.
General Objectives:
219
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
25.0 Know types of leather for making leather products,
26.0 Know how to measure effectively in leather works
27.0 Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
28.0 Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
29.0 Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
30.0 Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
31.0 Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works,
220
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS
YEAR: 1 TERM: 1 PRE-REQUISITE
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in
leather works to be able to function effectively in the leather work environment.
32.0 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 1.0:Know types of leather for making leather products
week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
1.10 List various types
of Leather.
1.11 List the types of
Animal skins used for
leather works.
1.12 Name sources of
different types of
leather
• Name various types
of Leather.
• Explain the types of
Animal skins used
for leather works.
• Explain sources of
different types
Hide and skin
leather
Leather hide and
skin
Larger and small
animals e.g.
elephant, goat
etc.
1.7 Identify the types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
1.8 Identify different
leathers for different
uses.
• Show students
various types of
leathers used for
producing leather
products.
• Guide students to
identify different
leathers for
different uses.
Hide and skin
leather
General Objectives 2.0: Know how to measure effectively in leather works
2.1 List the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works
2.2 Explain the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Give examples of the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works.
• State the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.
• Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
Tape ruler
Protractor Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system.
Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system
Convert measurement in
yards to the metric system
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.
Tape ruler
Protractor
221
2.3 Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.
2.4 List the units of
measurement of leather sizes.
2.5 Compare the metric
system of measurement to measurement in yards commonly used for measurement of fabric materials.
• Explain the units of measurement of leather sizes.
• Explain the measurement of fabric materials in yards and compare to measurement of same materials in metric system.
• Convert
measurement in
yards to the
metric system
General Objective 3.0: Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.
3.1 List basic working tools used in leather works
3.2 State the functions of
each working tools used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic working tools used in leather works
• Explain the functions of each working tools used in leather works
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Identify basic working tools used leather works.
Use basic working tools in
leather works
• Guide students to
identify the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
working tools
used in leather
works.
Clicking
knives
Punching
pliers
222
General Objective 4.0: Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.
4.1 List the primary equipment used in leather works.
4.2 List basic equipment
used in cutting process in leather works.
4.3 Describe the function
of each basic equipment used in leather works
• Explain the working principles of the basic equipment used in leather works.
• Explain the functions of each equipment used in leather works
Sewing machine
Stamping
machine
Identify the basic equipment used for leather works.
Use basic Equipment in Leather
• Guide students
to identify the
basic equipment
used in leather
works.
• Demonstrate the
uses of the basic
equipment used
in leather works.
Sewing
machine
Stamping
machine
General Objective 5.0: Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works
5.1 List basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
5.2 Explain basic manual
cutting process. In leather works.
5.3 Describe the process of
cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
5.4 the process of cutting
leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
• Give examples of basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.
• Explain basic manual cutting process. In leather works.
• Illustrate the process of cutting paper pattern using hand tools.
• Illustrate the process of cutting leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.
Scissors
Clicking knives
Punching pliers
Cut pattern using
click knife (knife)
Cut simple paper pattern using hand tools.
Cut simple leather materials
for making leather products
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple paper pattern using hand tools.
• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple leather materials for making leather products
Hand clicking
knife and
clicking press
with clicking
knives
Skiving hand
Skiving knife
or
skiving
machine
Scissors
Punching
pliers
223
General Objective 6.0: Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.
6.1 State basic operation of leather sewing machine.
6.2 Describe basic
preparation of cutting leather material for sewing
• Describe how leather sewing machine works.
• Explain the basic preparation required of cutting leather material for sewing
6.1 Carry out manual sewing of simple leather works.
• Demonstrate
manual sewing
of simple leather
works.
General Objective 7.0: Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works
7.1 Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
7.2 Describe how to cut the
patterns on paper materials using scissor
• Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.
• Describe how to cut the patterns on paper materials using scissor
7.1 Cut simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors. 7.2 Identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials.
• Demonstrate cutting of simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors.
• Guide students to identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials
224
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATECERTIFICATE IN HIDES ANS SKIN
MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN
COURSE CODE: CHS 11
PRE-REQUISITE: NIL
DURATION: 72 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of the raw
materials and chemicals used in leather manufacture
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
9.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their values.
10.0 Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering and bleeding of animals for the production of hides and skin.
11.0 Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin.
12.0 Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage.
13.0 Understand the grading of hides and skin.
14.0 Know approved pattern of flaying
15.0 Know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing
16.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin
225
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE
COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS
YEAR: TERM PRE-REQUISITE:
GOAL:
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their
values and supply. week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Specific Learning
objectives
Teachers Activities Learning
Resources
Hides and Skin
1.8 List different
sources of hide
and skin for
the industry.
1.9 Draw the cross
section of hide
and skin.
1.10 Outline
the differences
between hide
and skin e.g.in
- Size
- Area
- Weight
- sex,
etc
1.11 Explain
the need for
proper care of
animals prior
to slaughter.
• Explain the term
- Hide and Skin
- Farm Domestic and
- Wild animals
• Draw and label the
sections of the hide and
skin structure.
• Explain the differences
between hides and skin in
terms of size, area weight
and sex.
• Explain the need for the
following:
- good feeding
-.healthy animals in order
to produce good and
healthy skin for quality
leathers.
• Explain quality flaying.
Cattle Range
Good Feeds
Use of Pattern
Knives
Knives
File for
sharpening
knives
Red hot Iron
Use of Inks for
branding
1.6 Measure the size
of hide and skin
with measuring
tape.
1.7 Calculate area of
the hides and skin
with the
measurement
above.
1.8 Weigh the animal
skin or hide, etc.
• Demonstrate
measurement of
hide and skin.
• Guide students to
calculate area of the
hides and skin with
the measurement
above.
• Demonstrate
weighing of hides
and skins.
Cattle Range
Good Feeds
Knives
File for
sharpening
knives
Red hot Iron
Pattern
Knives
226
1.12 List the
different
determinants
of the value of
hides and skin
- Sex
- Age
- Feeding, etc.
1.13 List the
damages
inflicted on
hides and skin
during
slaughter,
flaying,
curing, and
their effects on
the quality of
hides and skin.
1.14 Explain
branding
marks on the
skin of live
animals
• Explain effects of good
feeding on the animals.
• Explain damages inflicted
on the hides and skin
during flaying e.g. knife
cuts, gauge marks,
scratches and bruises.
• Explain the effect of
branding on a live animal
as a cause of damage on
the hide and skin quality.
• Describe branding
marks on the skin of
live animals
Use of hot Iron
rods for branding
1.9 Identify bruises or
scratches on the
grain pattern of
hides and skins.
1.10 Identify
branding marks on
the skin of live
animals
• Conduct visual
assessment of hides
and skins to identify
bruises and
scratches on the
grain surface.
• Guide students to
identify the effect of
branding marks on
the quality of hide
and skins for
production of good
quality leather.
Inks for
branding
hot Iron rods
for branding
227
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2.0: Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering of animals for the production of hides and skin. Tools and Equipment
used in slaughtering
2.1 Identify tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir e.g.
- Using Knives
- Using Electronic
- Stoning
- Electric Shock
2.2 Explain the uses of the
tools and equipment
used in 2.1 above.
• Explain approve knives
pattern.
• Explain modern methods
of bleeding
- Explain different methods
of killing the animals e.g.
the use of
- Knives
- Electronic Stoning
- Electric Shock
- Knives
- Electronic
Stoning
- Electric Shock
2.1 Mention the
tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir.
2.2 Observe the
slaughtering of
animals for the
production of hides
and skin.
Guide students to
maintain the tools and
equipment used in
slaughter slabs and
abattoir.
Supervise the
slaughtering of
animals for the
production of hides
and skin.
- Knives
- Electronic
Stoning
- Electric
Shock
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 3.0: Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin. Trade Terms in Hides
and Skin
3.1 Explain the following
common trade terms
in hides and skin
✓ Fell-mongering
✓ Hinny
✓ Kip
✓ Calf
✓ Green Weight
(including its ratio in
relation to dry
weight, salted weight)
• Explain the common
trade names in hides and
Skin listed in 3.1.
• Explain a calf, calfskin
• Explain fell-mongering,
poor bleeding, and their
Fallen animals
Fallen skins
Rejects
3.1 Identify skin from
fallen (dead)
animals e.g. it’s
very bloody nature,
which stains every
object it comes in
contact with.
Guide students to
identify the features
of skin from fallen
(dead) animals, e.g.
the skin is very
bloody and stains any
objects it comes in
contact, which has
effect on resultant
leather due to patchy
dyeing.
Fallen
animals
Fallen skins
Rejects
228
✓ Stencil number
(including their uses)
✓ Hide Yield
✓ Hide Constitution e.g.
tanned
✓ Wild
✓ Spready hides
3.3 State the hides and skin
regulations applicable
in different parts of
Nigeria.
effects on the quality of
hides and skin.
• Explain various terms
listed above
• .Explain the hides and
skin regulations
applicable in different
parts of Nigeria.
3.2 Identify the effects
of blood on the
skin as causes of
patching.
3.3 Identify the effects
of blood on the
skin as causes of
dyeing
Guide students to
identify the effects of
blood on the skin as
causes patching and
dyeing.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4.0: Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage. 4.1 Explain the techniques
of curing and flaying
using fraying knives
and machines.
4.2 Describe the different
curing methods in
Nigeria including:
- flinting
-pickling
- tent or parasol drying
-the three wire system.
4.3 Explain other methods
of curing with salt e.g.
✓ dry and wet salting,
✓ brining indicating
where each type of
curing is mainly
practiced.
• Explain the terms curing,
flaying.
• Describe the patterns for
flaying knives.
• Explain the different
curing methods in
Nigeria including:
- flinting
- pickling
- tent or parasol drying
- the three wire system.
• Explain other curing
methods with salts in 4.3
• Define brining and its
uses in curing.
4.1 Identify common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ industrial salt.
4.2 Identify types of
knives cuts, scars,
gauges, etc on
hides and skin.
4.3 Identify possible
damages during
storage and
transportation e.g.
- holes on skins due to
insects’ damages
- holes caused by
rodents
Show students
common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ industrial salt.
• Guide students
to identify types
of knives cuts,
scars, gauges, etc
on hides and
skin.
• Guide students
to identify
possible
damages during
storage and
transportation
e.g. grain cracks,
229
4.4 Name common
commercial curing
salts e.g.
✓ fine salt
✓ granular salt
✓ denatured salt.
4.5 Explain the recipe for
salting, brining and
pickling.
4.6 Explain the theory of
salt penetration during
curing.
4.7 Differentiate between
dry salting and wet
salting.
4.8 State the application of
wet and dry salting.
4.9 Explain the importance
and uses of fungicide
Bactenocide solutions.
4.10 Explain the use of the
following insecticides
during storage:
✓ liquid insecticide
✓ powder insecticide
✓ aerosole
4.11Outline the effects of
salt in Tannery waste
water.
• Define pickling and its
uses in curing.
• Give examples of
common commercial
curing salts (Industrial)
listed in 4.4.
• Explain the recipe for
salting, brining and
pickling.
• Explain the theory of salt
penetration during
curing
• Explain dry salting and
wet salting and their
applications.
• Explain the popularity of
wet salting.
• Explain the uses of the
following insecticides
during storage:
- liquid insecticide
- powder insecticide
- aerosole
• Describe the preparation
of fungicide Bactenocide
solution.
• Explain the effects of salt
in Tannery waste water.
- cracks, bends on
skin
during baling,
movement, etc.
4.4 Carry out both wet
and dry salting.
4.5 Prepare salt
solution for brining
process.
4.6 Demonstrate the
effects of poor
application of
brining
4.7 Identify fungicides
used on hides and
skin e.g.
- “Busan 30”
- “ Nercolan F24”
4.8 Identify the effect
of poor application
of fungicides and
over dilution.
4.11 Identify grain
cracks and
damages due to
holes effects
from rodents and
insects attack,
etc.
• Demonstrate
both wet and dry
salting
• Demonstrate
how to prepare
salt solution for
brining.
• Demonstrate the
effects of poor
application of
brining
• Show samples of
fungicides used
on hides and
skins e.g.
- “Busan 30”
- “ Nercolan F24”
• Demonstrate the
effect of poor
application of
fungicides and
over dilution.
230
4,12 Explain the process of
dilution and spraying
on the skins.
4.16 Describe holes on
skins due to insects’
damages i.e. holes on
dried salted hides and
skins.
4.17 Explain grain cracks
on stored skins i.e.
cracks on dried salted
hides and skins
4.18 Differentiate salt
(NaCl) as a Bacteriol
stat (i.e. makes
bacteria inactive) or
Bacteriol side i.e.
agents that kills
bacteria)
• Explain the process for
dilution and spraying on
the skins with pesticides.
• Explain possible
damages on skins during
storage and
transportation e.g
- cracks on stored skins.
- holes on skins due to
insects’ damages
- holes caused by rodents
- cracks, bends, on skin
during baling,
movement, etc.
• Explain reasons why salt
(NaCl) act as as a
Bacteriol stat (i.e. makes
bacteria inactive) or
Bacteriol side i.e. agents
that kills bacteria)
storage and
transportation.
4.12 Identify grain
damages due to
storage/
transportation
• Lead students to
observe grain
damages due to
storage/
transportation
• Guide students
to identify the
grain damages
occurring due to
storage and
transportation.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 5.0: Understand the grading of hides and skin
Grading of Hides and
Skin
5.1 Differentiate between
grading and selection
in hides and skin.
5.2 Explain the application
of grading and selection
in hides and skin of
goats, sheep,
crocodiles, snakes, etc.
• Explain the terms:
grading, selection in
hides and skins.
• Describe different grades
in hides and skin e.g.
Grades I, II III and IV
and also Rejects.
- Measuring
tapes
- Grades I, II III
and IV and also
Rejects.
5.1 Select skins into
different sizes e.g.
- heavy,
- medium,
- light
5.2 Identify different
grades in hides and
skin e.g. Grades I,
II, III and IV and
their uses.
• Demonstrate
selection of skins
into different
sizes e.g.
- heavy,
- medium,
- light
• Assist students
in the
identification of
different
grades in hides
- Measuring
tapes
- Grades I, II III
and IV
- Rejects.
231
5.3 State the grades of
hides and skins as
Grade I, II, III, IV and
Rejects
5.3 Explain commercial
classification of hides
and skin.
5.4 Explain folding and
bundling of hides and
skin.
5.5 State the maximum
height a pile of hide
and skins could be
giving consideration to
the system of packing
the skins flesh to flesh
or grain to grain.
• State reasons for Grade I
as best for leather
production rather than
Grades II. III, IV and
Rejects.
• Explain the value of
hides over skins, area
yield, more applicable to
various production while
skins are limited.
• Explain folding and
bundling of hides and
skin.
• Explain the maximum
height a pile of hide and
skins could considering
the system of packing
the skins according to:
- flesh to flesh
- grain to grain
5.3 Identify Rejects of
hide and skins.
and their uses.
5.4 Carry out piling of
salted hide and
skins according to
- flesh to flesh and
- grain to grain.
5.5 State the maximum
height a pile of
hide and skins
could be.
and skin e.g.
Grades I, II, III
and IV and also
Rejects and their
uses.
• Demonstrate
piling of salted
hide and skins.
• Guide students
to identify
maximum height
to pile skins
according to
- flesh to flesh
- grain to grain.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 6.0: Know approved pattern of flaying
Pattern of flaying
6.1Explain the meaning of
flaying.
6.2 Mention types of
flaying knives.
6.2 Describe manual
flaying.
6.4 Describe the procedure
of inflation of animal
using pumps or
compressor to make
initial ripping cut.
• Describe the process of
flaying and its purpose
in hides and skin
• Explain types of flaying
knives with examples
• Describe Manual flaying
• Explain the procedure of
inflation of animal using
pumps or compressor to
make initial ripping cut,
Various types of
fraying knives
Compressors for
inflation of
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
Motor Cycle
pumps for
inflation of the
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
6.1 Identify various
types of fraying
knives
6.2 Use pump or
compressor to
inflate the animal
prior to making
initial ripping cut.
6.3 Make initial
ripping cuts.
• Show students
types of fraying
knives.
• Demonstrate the
use of pumps or
compressor to
inflate the
animal before
making initial
ripping cut.
• Demonstrate
initial ripping
cuts.
Various types of
fraying knives
Compressors for
inflation of
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
Motor Cycle
pumps for
inflation of the
animals before
making initial
ripping cuts
232
6.4 Carry out flaying
using appropriate
tools.
• Demonstrate
flaying using
appropriate
tools.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 7. 0: know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing
Rules and regulations of
Hides and Skins sales and
marketing
7.1 Define a rule as guide
for hides and skins
production, sales and
market.
7.2 State the laws on the
following:
- Flaying
- Preparation
- Preservation
- Transportation
- Marketing
7.6 Differentiate between
rules and regulation as
each affects marketing
of hides and skins.
7.7 Explain the flowing
licenses in relation to
hides and skin:
- Local Government
- States
- Federal
• Explain Hide and Skins
laws.
• Explain a rule as guide
for hides and skins
production.
• State the gazettes
number on Hide and
Skin.
• State the laws on the
following:
- Flaying
- Preparation
- Preservation
- Transportation
- Marketing
• Explain the differences
between rules and
regulation in relation to
the marketing of hides
and skins.
• Explain the flowing
licenses in relation to
hides and skin:
- Local Government
- States
- Federal
Fraying knives
Abattoir
Slaughter Slab
Hides and Skin
7.1 Identify States of
the Federation that
obey laws and
regulation on
hides and Skins,
7.2 Cite example of
Law, e.g. Hides
and Skins properly
flayed are not
allowed to leave
Abattoir of
Slaughter slabs.
7.3 Identify the effects
of obeying the
laws and
regulations on
Hides and Skin.
e.g. the recovery
rates of hides and
skin will be
increased as the
properly flayed
hides and skin are
not allowed to
• Give examples
of States of the
Federation that
obey laws and
regulations on
hides and Skins.
• Cite example of
Law, e.g. Hides
and Skins
properly flayed
are not allowed
to leave Abattoir
of Slaughter
slabs.
• Cite the effects
of obeying the
laws and
regulations on
Hides and Skin.
e.g. the
recovery rates of
hides and skin
will be increased
as the properly
flayed hides and
skin are not
Flaying knives
Abattoir
Slaughter Slab
Hides and Skin
233
7.4 Explain rules of hides
and skin as they affect
hides and skins
marketing and
transportation
7.9 Explain curing or
preservation of hide
and skins.
7.10 Explain the proper
storage process of hide
and skins
7.11 Outline the
importance of
preservation of hide
and skins to ensure
quality in leather
manufacture.
7.12 Describe best
practices in
preservation of hides
and skin e.g. proper
application of
- wet and dry salting
- Brining and
- chilling i.e.
refrigeration.
• Explain rules of hides
and skin as they affect
hides and skins marketing
and transportation.
• Explain curing or
preservatives of hide and
skins.
• Explain the proper best
storage process of hides
and skins
• Explain the importance of
preservation of hide and
skins in relation to best
practices in leather
manufacture.
• Describe best practices in
preservation of hides and
skin e.g. proper
application of
- wet and dry salting
- Brining and
- chilling i.e. refrigeration
Laws and
Regulation on
Hide and Skim
Licenses in
relation to hides
and skin:
- Local
Government
- States
- Federal
Storage Facilities
leave the abattoir
or slaughter house
7.8 Visit Canteens,
Abattoirs,
Slaughter slabs to
observe best
practices of
slaughtering
animals and
fraying of hide and
skins.
7.9 Carry out curing or
preservation of
hide and skins.
7.6 Comply to best
practices in
preservation of
hides and skin e.g.
proper application
of
- wet and dry
salting
- Brining and
- chilling (i.e.
refrigeration)
7.7 Adopt proper
storage process of
hide and skins.
allowed to leave
the abattoir or
slaughter house.
• Take students on
industrial visit s
to Canteens,
Abattoirs,
Slaughter slabs
to observe
abattoir best
practices of
slaughtering
animals and
fraying of hide
and skins.
• Demonstrate
preservation of
hides and skin
e.g. proper
application of
- wet and dry
salting
- Brining and
- chilling (i.e.
refrigeration).
• Guide students
to apply proper
storage of hide
and skins
Laws and
Regulation on
Hide and Skim
Licenses in
relation to hides
and skin:
- Local
Government
- States
- Federal
Storage
Facilities
GENERAL OBEJECTIVE 8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin
234
Common diseases and
defects of hides and skin
8.1 List common diseases
of hides and skin e.g.
✓ Ticks and mangees
✓ Mycotics dermatitis
8.2 Explain common
diseases of hides and
skins listed below:
- Dermatophilosis
congolenses
- Tick bites
- Mycotics dermatitis
8.3 List common defects of
hides and skin e.g.
- Knife cuts
- Gauge marks
- Bad shape
- Improper bleeding
-Rubbed or dragged
grain
- Poor storage
• Explain diseases and
defects associated with
hides and skins.
• Explain common diseases
of hides and skin e.g.
✓ Dermatophilosis
congolenses
✓ Tick bites
✓ Mycotics dermatitis
• Describe the effects the
diseases above on tanned
leather
• Explain common defects
of hides and skin with
examples as in 8.3.
• Explain fraying cuts,
scars, gauges, scratches
as defects on hides and
skins.
- Diseases skins
- Processing
Chemicals
- Visit to
Canteen, Abattoir
or Slaughter
slabs
- Abattoir and
Slaughter House
best practices
8.1 Tan a skin from a
diseased animal.
8.2 Tan a skin that is
poorly flayed.
8.3 Illustrate tanned
leather with poor
shape.
8.4 Identify types of
diseases s due to
poor flaying.
8.5 Identify types of
defects due to poor
flaying
• Guide students
to carry out the
activities in 8.1
to 8.4.
• Observe
diseased tanned
leather and
guide students to
identify the
features.
• Guide students
to identify types
of diseases s due
to poor flaying.
• Guide students
to identify types
of defects due to
poor flaying
- Diseases skins
- Processing
Chemicals
- Visit to
Canteen,
Abattoir or
Slaughter slabs
- Abattoir and
Slaughter House
best practices
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS PRODUCTION
235
MODULE: CHS 12 Slaughtering and Flaying
PREREQUISITE: CHS 11
DURATION: HOURS
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of raw, hide and skin,
slaughter and flaying techniques.
General Objectives:
On completion of this course, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know the sources, similarities and differences between hides and skins.
2.0 know the structure, function and component of hide and skin.
3.0 Know the general layout of abattoirs, slaughter slab, various equipment and their uses
4.0 know slaughter procedure
5.0 Know flaying procedure, equipment and tools for flaying.
236
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS
PRODUCTION
COURSE: SLAUGHTERING AND FLAYING COURSE CODE: CHS 11 CREDIT HOURS: Contact Hours:
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE:
GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of raw, hide and skin, slaughter and flaying techniques.
General Objective 1.0:Know the sources, similarities and differences between Hide and Skin
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 mention the major
sources of hide and skin
1.2 Explain the different
between hide and skin
1.3 Describe the different
sources of hide and skin in
available in Nigeria e.g
cowhide, sheepskin, reptile
skin etc
1.4 Describe different hides
and skin from different
breeds e.g bunaji, Rahaji,
Sokoto red, Kano brown
etc
List major sources of
hide and skin.
Explain the differences
Explain the difference
types of hide and skin
from different types
of animals.
List different types of
animal breeds.
Hide and Skin
from different
ruminate, birds,
reptiles etc.
Identify hide and skin
From large animal and
Skin from small
ruminates, reptile and
amphibians.
Identify the following
animal breeds Bunaji,
Rahaji, Sokoto red,
Kano brown etc
Present different types of
hide and skin
Show the animal breeds
on charts
Raw hide
and skin
from
animals,
birds and
other
sources
chart
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the structure, function and component of hide and skin.
2.1 Describe animal skin
structure
2.2 Explain the function of
skin to the body
Explain animal skin
structure
List the different
function enumerate the
Diagram of
animal skin
structure
Identify the major skin
components and draw
skin structure.
Illustrate the diagram of
skin structure
Level
diagram of
skin
structure
Slides
237
2.3 Describe the different
component (layers) of the
skin and their importance in
leather production.
2.4 list the various
Biochemical components of
the skin and their proportions
e.g. water 60-65%, protein
33% etc.
important of these
components in leather
production.
Explain the 3layers of
epidermis, dermis and
hypodermis state which
component is used for
leather manufacture
Explain protein as the
main leather making
material
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know the general layout of Abattoir, slaughter slab, various equipment, tools and their uses.
3.1 Define abattoir and
slaughter slab
3.2 Differentiate between
Abattoir and slaughter slab
3.3 Describe an abattoir
3.4 mention the equipment
and tools in abattoir
3.5 Describe slaughter slab
Explain the function of
abattoir and slaughter
slab.
Distinguish between
Abattoir and slaughter
slab and their tools.
State the layout of
modern abattoir
List and describe the
equipment and tools in
abattoir
Abattoir and
slaughter slab
Equipment and
tools
Identify the following
• Abattoir
• Slaughter slab
• Equipment and
tools used in
Abattoir and
Slaughter slab
Visit Abattoir and
Slaughter slab
Abattoir
Slaughter
slab
Cutting
equipment
and tools.
238
3.6 Mention tools for flaying
in slaughter slab
List and describe the
equipment in slaughter
slab.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0 Slaughter procedures.
4.1 Explain slaughter
procedures.
4.2 Mention the importance
of proper bleeding
4.3 State the implication of
dragging the animal or
carcass on the floor of the
slab
State slaughter
procedures.
Explain the important
of proper bleeding to
the quality of resultant
skin
Explain the implication
of dragging the animal
or carcass to the quality
resultant skin.
Abattoir and
slaughter slab
Equipment and
tools
Identify the procedure
for proper slaughter.
Carryout Slaughtering
Demonstrate
Slaughtering process
Abattoir
and
slaughter
slab
Equipment
and tools
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 5.0 Know flaying procedure, equipment and tools for flaying.
5.1 Define flaying
5.2 List equipment and tools
for flaying
5.3 Explain the importance of
flaying on quality of the
resultant hide and skin
5.4 Mention throwing and
how it affects.
5.5 Mention the difference
methods of flaying e.g hand
flaying, mechanical or flaying
mechanism
State the definition of
flaying
Describe flaying and
how it affect the quality
of the resultant hide
and skin
Describe throwing and
explain how shape
affect the quality of
hide and skin
State the difference
between methods with
their advantages and
disadvantages
Abattoir
Slaughter
Slab
Approved
pattern
Live
Animals
Identify different
methods of flaying.
Identify tools and
equipment for flaying
Flay an animal
Identify approved
pattern
Weigh, wash and mark
hide and skin after
flaying
Illustrate different
methods of flaying for
large and small
ruminants
Guide students to
identify tools and
equipment
Identify possible defects
that can arise from fault
flaying.
Show approve pattern to
students
Abattoir
Slaughter
slab.
Approved
pattern of
flaying hide
and skin.
Approval
pattern
239
5.6 State the differences in
flaying large animal and
small ruminants.
5.7 Explain air inflation
methods manual using
mouth, pump or can presser
5.8 Mention butchers as a
main producer of hide and
skin
5.9 Mention equipment and
tools for flaying
5.10 Describe approved
pattern of flaying
5.11 State possible damages
that can be inflicted during
flaying
5.12 State the importance of
weighing, washing and
marking of hide and skin after
flaying.
Describe how large
animal and small
ruminants, reptile and
other animal are flayed.
Enumerate the
differences in
employing this
methods with their
advantages and
disadvantages
Explain the role of
butcher in hide and ski
n production
State the tools and
equipment used
Explain the importance
of approve pattern and
state how it can affect
the quality of resultant
hide and skin
List the damages that
can occur during
flaying
Explain the importance
of weighing, washing
and marking of hide
and skin after flaying.
Guide students to weigh,
wash and mark
Weighing
Balance
Washing
utensils
Stencils
240
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL
IN HIDES AND SKIN
MODULE: CHS 13: SELECTION, GRADING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF HIDES
AND SKIN
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: 240 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting
Grading storing and transporting Hides and Skins.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the student should be able to:
1.0 Know proper ways of selecting and grading Hides and Skins
2.0 Know proper ways of storing Hide and Skins
3.0 Know proper ways of transporting Hide and Skins
241
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER
MANUFACTURE
Course: SELECTION, GRADING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION
OF HIDES AND SKIN
Course Code: CHS 13 Contact Hours: 240
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM I,2,&3
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting, grading, storing and transporting
Hides and Skins
General Objective 1.0: Know proper ways of selecting and grading Hides and Skins
Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 Define selection
and grading
1.2 List guide lines
for selection and
grading of Hide
and Skins.
1.3 Explain the
assortment of
Hides and Skins.
1.4 List various Hides
and Skins
constitution
Explain selection and
grading
State the guidelines
Describe the assortment
by size, by weight etc.
State the constitutions
Explain with their
causes
Hides and Skins
Identification of
defects selection
and grading
according to
quality
Guide in
identification of
touts and defect
Guide in selection
and grading
Hides and
Skins
242
1.5 Mention defects
that leads to low
grade and rejects
1.6 Explain the
following selection
methods first clear,
second clear Rejects.
1.7 Explain grading
method for grade
1,grade 2,grade 3 and
Rejects
Explain the causes of
the defects. e.g. poor
pattern (shape) Grain
defects, flying defects
(sources and causes)
Branding and tick,
warble etc.
Describe the methods of
selections following
first clear second clear
and Reject.
Describe the method of
grading
grade1,grade2,grade3
and Reject
Hides and Skins
Identify the
defects
Carryout selection
and grading of
hides and skins
using the
following
methods.
Visual inspection
visual first clear,
second clear and
reject
Guide the
identification
Guide selection and
grading
Hides and
Skins
canteen
Hides and
Skins
Visit Hides
and Skins
canteen
General Objective 2.0: Know the proper way of storing hide and skins
2.1 State a proper
Hide and Skins store.
2.2 State proper ways
of storing Hide and
Skins
Describe Hide and
Skins store i.e.
ventilated free
Rodent free
Insect free etc
Explain storing of Hide
and Skins on wooden
Hide and Skin
store
Lay and pile hide
and skin on
wooden pallets
Guide students to
Lay and pile hide
and skins
Hide and
skin store
243
2.3 State the effect of
heat, leaking roof
etc
2.4 Explain the
defects caused by
Improper
curing and
preservation of
Hides and Skins
during storage
pallets, moderate piles,
low temperature and
low humidity etc.
List causes of defects in
Hide and Skins stores
e.g. insects
mould/bacteria, rodents
etc
Spray the required
preservatives and
insecticides
Guide students to
spray preservatives
and insecticides
Preservatives
and
Insecticides
General Objective 3.0: Know the proper way of transporting hide and skins
3.1 Describe proper
handling of hides
and skins.
3.2 Explain possible
damages that can
occur during
transportation of
hide and skins
3.3 State possible
contaminants during
transportation of
hide and skins
State the manner of
laying and piling of hide
and skins in transit
List the possible defects
e.g. bruises, holes etc
List the possible
contaminants.
Hides and skins
Lay and pile hide
and skin into a
vehicle
Evacuate hides
and skins from
vehicle
Guide in laying and
piling and
evacuating
Vehicle
Hides
Skins
244
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS PRODUCTION
MODULE: CHS 14 REGULATION GOVERNING HIDE AND SKINS TRADE
PRE-REQUISITE:
DURATION: HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of regulation
governing Hides and Skins Trade.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Know the format and interpretation of official Hides and Skin Regulation in Nigeria
2.0 Know the trade characteristics and marketing channels
245
PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKIN
PRODUCTION
Course: REGULATION GOVERNING HIDE AND SKIN TRADE Course Code: CHS 14 Contact Hours: 240
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM I,2,&3
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of regulation governing Hides and Skins Trade.
General Objective 1.0: Know the format and interpretation of official Hides/Skin Regulation in Nigeria Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
1.1 List the terms used in
Hide/Skin Regulation
1.2 Define the term used in
Hide/Skin Regulation of
Hides/Skin
1.3 Give brief historical
background of Hide/Skin
ordinance
1.4 Describe registered market
1.5 List criteria used in
registration of
Health/Safety market
1.6 Define Inspector
1.7 List duties of Hides/Skin
Inspector
• Mention the
terms in the
regulation
• State the
definitions of
terms in the
regulation
• Briefly state the
history of the
Hides/Skin
ordinance
• Mention example
of registered
market
• State the
requirements for
registration.
• Explain the
consequences of
defaulting the
- Hide and
Skins
Ordinance
1958
- Reviewed
Hide and
Skins Rules
and
Regulations
246
1.8 State the powers of control
of Hide/Skins Inspector
e.g. seizure arrest, etc.
1.9 State restriction on
purchase and restrictions
on sale
1.10 Describe improper
treatment of Hide/Skins.
1.11 Define buyer’s License
1.12 List guideline for
issuance of buyers License
1.13 State the licensed
buyer’s obligations
provision of the
regulations.
General Objective 2.0:Know the Trade Characteristics and Marketing Channels Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Student’s Activities Resources
2.1 State historical background
of trade in Hide/Skins Tin
Nigeria
2.2 State selling, pricing
procedure noting the
choice of middlemen and
its disadvantages
2.3 Explain bulk buying, its
causes and disadvantages
2.4 Describe typical
distribution channel in
Nigeria
3.0 Explain the
selling and
pricing
procedures
4.0 List the
disadvantages of
middlemen
5.0 State and list the
disadvantages
6.0 State the
distribution
channels
Visit a typical Hide
and Skins canteen
Guide tour of Hide and
Skins Canteen • Hide and
Skins
Canteen
247
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR HIDES AND SKIN PRODUCTION
1. Weighing Scale
2. Beams
3. Fleshing Knives
4. Trimming Knives
5. Flaying Knives
6. Salting Stabs
7. Wooden Pallets
8. Spray gum
9. Compressor
10. Measuring Tape
11. Wooden/Plastic Horse
12. Drying Shed
249
PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CLG 22 BAG MAKING
PREREQUISTE: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS
MANUFACTURE
DURATION: 300 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills
to make bags and related products.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Acquire a basic understanding of bag designing.
2.0 Understand the methods of testing materials.
3.0 Know machines in general use in leather bag making.
4.0 Understand the techniques for specialized cutting and skiving.
5.0 Acquire specialized skills in the use of sewing machines, guides and gadgets and their maintenance.
250
PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUCTURE
COURS: Bag Making COURSE CODE: CLG 22 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours: 300
YEAR: SEMESTER PRE: REQUISITE NIL
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills to make bags and related products.
General Objective 1.0: Acquire a basic understanding of bag designing. Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
objectives
Student’s Activities Resources
Bag Designing
1.1 Analyse design for
the appreciation of
function, appearance
and economic
production.
1.2 Explain the
influence on design
of social habits,
fashion, seasons,
selling price levels,
marketing,
advertising and
consumer research.
1.3 Explain effects and
limitations of
material selection
and components
Explain design
analysis for the
appreciation of
function, appearance
and economic
production
Discuss the influence
on design of social
habits, fashion,
seasons, selling price
levels, marketing,
advertising and
consumer research.
State the effects and
limitations of material
selection and
components upon
constructional supply.
Marker
Board
Project
Carryout design
illustrations and
presentations.
Carry out design
analysis and
specifications.
Make permanent
patterns for hand
bags, including
handles of varying
design, shape and
construction, flap
over and framed
gusseted purse
construction of
varying design; flap
over and framed face
edge hand bags; and
flap over and framed
turned hand bags of
Guide students to carry
out the tasks
Various
designs of
bags and
related
products
251
upon constructional
supply.
1.4 Describe the
relationship of
aesthetic appeal of
size, proportion and
shape; colour,
harmony, contrast,
weight and balance.
1.5 Explain design
illustrations and
presentations.
1.6 Explain design
analysis and
specifications.
1.7 Explain permanent
patterns for hand
bags, including
handles of varying
design, shape and
construction, flap
over and framed
gusseted purse
construction of
varying design; flap
over and framed
face edge hand
bags; and flap over
Explain the
relationship of
aesthetic appeal of
size, proportion and
shape; colour,
harmony, contrast,
weight and balance
Describe design
illustrations and
presentations, analysis
and specifications
Describe permanent
patterns for hand bags
varying design and
gusset arrangement.
252
and framed turned
hand bags of
varying design and
gusset arrangement.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0Understand the methods of testing materials
Material Testing
2.1 List the
equipment and
chemicals used
in the testing of
main materials
used in leather
goods
manufacture.
2.2 Explain physical
and chemical
testing of main
material used in
a leather good
manufacture.
State the equipment
and chemicals used in
the testing of main
materials used in
leather goods
manufacture.
Describe physical and
chemical testing of
main material used in
a leather good
manufacture
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify the
equipment and
chemicals used in the
testing of main
materials used in
leather goods
manufacture.
Carry out physical
and chemical testing
of main material used
in a leather good
manufacture.
Show students the
equipment and
chemicals used in
testing materials for
leather goods
manufacture.
Guide the physical and
chemical testing of
main material used in a
leather good
manufacture.
Equipment
and
chemicals
used in
testing
materials
for leather
goods
manufactur
e
253
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know machines in general use in leather bag making.
Machines for leather Bags
making
1.1 List all machines
, equipment and
tools used in
leather bag
industry:-
for mechanical
handling,;
processing;
control;
1.2 List the machine
and equipment
requirements for
flow line or
batch
production.
1.3 Explain the basic
principles of
servo machines.
State all machines ,
equipment and tools
used in leather bag
industry
State the machine and
equipment
requirements for flow
line or batch
production
Discuss the basic
principles of servo
machines
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify all machines
, equipment and tools
used in leather bag
industry:-
for mechanical
handling,; processing;
control;
Identify the machine
and equipment
requirements for flow
line or batch
production.
Plan for adequate
lighting, ventilation,
air conditioning and
dust extraction in a
factory workshop.
Show the machines ,
equipment and tools
used in leather bag
industry and their
requirements
Show the planning
stages for adequate
lighting, ventilation,
air conditioning and
dust extraction.
machines ,
equipment
and tools
used in
leather bag
industry
Fire
extinguish
ers
Fire
beaters
Goggles
Fire boots
Fire
protective
clothing
Helment
254
1.4 Explain the
importance of
heat in leather
industry.
1.5 Explain
viscosity.
1.6 Apply the
knowledge of
viscosity in
choosing
lubricants for
machines.
1.7 Differentiate
between
hydraulic and
pneumatic
pressure.
1.8 Explain the
importance of
adequate
lighting,
ventilation, air
conditioning and
dust extraction in
a factory and
plan for these
facilities in
workshop.
State the importance
of heat in leather
industry.
Discuss viscosity and its
application in choosing
lubricants for
machines.
State the difference
between hydraulic
and pneumatic
pressure
Discuss the
importance of
adequate lighting,
ventilation, air
conditioning and dust
extraction in a factory
and plan for these
facilities in
workshop.
Identify common
causes of fire
Demonstrate
extinction of fire of
all classes.
Show common causes
of fire
Demonstrate the
process of fire
extinguishing in a
factory
255
1.9 List common
causes of fire
and state
precautions
against fire
outbreak.
1.10 Explain the
basic principles
of fire
extinction.
1.11 Describe
extinction of fire
of all classes.
1.12 Explain the
factory Act
concerning the
safety and
working
conditions in
leather goods
industry.
State common causes
of fire and
precautions against
fire outbreak.
Discuss the basic
principles of fire
extinction.
Explain extinction of
fire of all classes
Discuss the factory
Act concerning the
safety and working
conditions in leather
goods industry.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0Understand the techniques for specialized cutting and skiving.
1.1 Explain the
grading method
for leather.
1.2 Explain the
costing method
for leather and
other related
materials.
Describe the grading
method for leather.
Describe the costing
method for leather
and other related
materials.
Marker
Board
Projector
Identify the
techniques for cutting
reptiles, artificial
grained leather,
patterned fabrics,
plastics, brocades
reinforcements and
Demonstrate the
cutting techniques and
guide the cutting of the
items by hand or
machine
Leather
cutting
tools
Skiving and
256
1.3 Explain the
techniques for
cutting reptiles,
artificial grained
leather, patterned
fabrics, plastics,
brocades
reinforcements
and leather for
all types of
articles.
1.4 Describe cutting
the items named
in 4.3 above
by hand;
by machine;
1.5 Describe
machine skiving
and splitting.
Describe the
techniques for cutting
reptiles, artificial
grained leather,
patterned fabrics,
plastics, brocades
reinforcements and
leather for all types of
articles.
Explain machine
skiving and splitting
leather for all types of
articles.
Cut the items named
in 4.3 above:
by hand; by
machine.
Carryout machine
skiving and splitting.
Show machine skiving
and splitting
splitting
machines
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 5.0 Acquire specialized skills in the use of sewing machines, guides and gadgets and their maintenance.
Use of Sewing Machines,
Guides and Gadget.
5.1 Explain machine
position
machines for
maximum
lighting and
work flow.
Describe machine
positioning for
maximum lighting
and work flow.
Explain factors of
work limitations of
machines.
Marker
Board
Projector
Position machines for
maximum lighting
and work flow.
Use guides and
mechanical aids for
machine stitching and
thread lubrication.
Show the processes of
positioning machines,
using guides and
mechanical aids for
machine stitching and
thread lubrication
Sewing
Machines,
Guides and
Gadget
257
5.2 State factors of
work limitations
of machines.
5.3 Explain the use
of guides and
mechanical aids
for machine
stitching and
thread
lubrication.
5.4 Explain work
handling,
manipulation
and organization
for the
promotion of
machining
continuity.
5.5 Explain finished
products for
defects.
Describe the use of
guides and
mechanical aids for
machine stitching and
thread lubrication.
Outline work handling
manipulation and
organization for the
promotion of
machining continuity
Describe finished
products for defects.
Organize work
handling,
manipulation and
organization for the
promotion of
machining continuity.
Inspect finished
products for defects.
Demonstrate work
handling, manipulation
and organization for
the promotion of
machining continuity
Guide the inspection of
finished products to
detect defects
Finished
products
259
PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
MODULE: CFM 22 ADVANCES IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
PRE-REQUISITE: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANAUFACTURE
DURATION: 300 HOURS
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills in
the manufacture of footwear.
General Objectives:
On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:
1.0 Acquire a broad understanding of the materials – their properties, availability and uses in the footwear industry.
2.0 Understand in-depth the theory and practice of pattern cutting
3.0 Understand the theory and practice of all operation in the footwear upper departments.
4.0 Understand the in-depth theory and practice of all operations in the bottoming departments
5.0 Understand Finishing and Shoe-Rooming
260
PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE
Course: ADVANCES IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE Course Code: CFM 22 Contact Hours: 300
Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement
GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills in the manufacture of footwear.
General Objective 1.0: Acquire a broad understanding of the materials – their properties, availability and uses in the footwear
industry. Year:1
Term:1
Theoretical Practical
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Materials
1.1 Explain the influence of
raw materials on defects,
quality variation and
properties of finished
upper and bottom leathers
1.2 Describe the various types
of upper and lining leather
and determine their
suitability for shoe making
purposes
1.3 List factors affecting price
value, grades and
substance of upper and
bottom leather
1.4 Sort leathers into various
grades
1.5 Explain the nature,
properties and uses of
different types of cleaners,
• Discuss the
influence of raw
materials
• Explain the
various upper and
lining leather
• Explain the
factors that affect
the price, value,
grade and
substance
• State different
types of cleaners,
finishing and
staining materials
- Defect
leathers
- Nitrocellulose
- Thinner
- Burnishing
Materials
• Sort leather into
various grades
and sections
• Applying the
knowledge in
1.8 and 1.9 in
choosing
abrasive for
work/wire brush
• Use the cleaners
and polishes
•
• Guide the process
of sorting leathers
into various grades
• Apply the
knowledge in 1.8
and 1.9 in
choosing abrasive
for work for Grid
• Demonstrate the
use of the cleaners
- Leather/
Materials/
Mannuals
- Cleaners
- Dressings
- Finishes
- Inks
- Stains
- Nitrocellul
ose
- Thinner
- Burnishing
- materials
261
dressings, finishes, inks
and stains in leather goods
1.6 State the factors affecting
leather selection and
suitability for different
shoe making purposes
1.7 Explain the properties
production, and processing
for shoe making purposes
of:-
(i) rubber of all types
both natural and
man made, solid
or expanded
(ii) Plastics and
polymeric
materials for
moulded bottom
units and for
injection moulding
1.8 Outline the production of
stiffeners, puffs, shanks,
heels and bottom units.
1.9 Explain the properties of
different forms of
abrasives for use in shoe
making process
1.10 Explain the effect of
structure, hardness, grain,
size, nature of coating and
• Explain the
factors affecting
leather selection.
• Describe the
properties
production and
processing for
shoe making
• Describe the
stiffeners and toe
puff
• State the
properties of
different forms of
abrasives
• Discuss the
effects of
structure,
hardness, grain,
- Thinner NC
Finish, Dyes
and pigments.
- The Grid and
different
types and size
of abrasive
• Explain rubber
latex for
temporary
attachment
• Produce
stiffeners, puffs,
shank, heels and
bottom units.
Thinner and
Nitrocellulose
Latex and
crape, etc.
Leather board,
soles, iron
262
bonding and the influence
of these factors on the
selection and use of
abrasives
1.11 Apply the knowledge in
1.9 and 1.10 in choosing
abrasive for work
1.12 Explain the basic principle
of abrasive production,
transmission and
conversion into thrust as
applicable to shoe
machinery
1.13 State the advantages and
disadvantages of abrasives
compared with purely
mechanical system
1.14 Describe in outline the
basic mechanical
principles and devices as
used in shoe machinery
1.15 Explain adhesion and state
possible reasons for failure
of an adhesive joint
1.16 Explain the importance of
separating techniques and
machine adjustments in
relation to bond strength
and permanence
size, nature of
quoting and
bonding.
• Discuss the basic
principles of
abrasive
production,
transmission and
conversion into
trust
• Explain the
advantages and
disadvantages of
abrasives
• Explain the basic
mechanical
principles and
devices as use in
shoe making
• Describe
adhesion and
failure for an
adhesive joint
• State the
importance of
separating
techniques.
- Paper and
Fabric coat
abrasives
263
General Objective 2.0:Understand in-depth the theory and practice of pattern cutting Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Pattern Cutting
2.1 Explain the shape,
separating techniques and
machine adjustments in
relation to bond strength
and permanence
2.2 Explain the responsibilities
of pattern cutter in relation
to foot health and comfort
2.3 Select last for various
construction and different
purposes
2.4 Explain methods of
producing uppers patterns
for all types of footwear
and use the common
methods to produce uppers
for all types of footwear
2.5 Describe the modification
of design and patterns for
purposes of economy
and/or suitability of
materials
Describe the shapes
separating techniques
and machine
adjustments in
relation to bond
strength
and permanence
• State the
responsibilities of
the pattern cutter
• Describe method
of producing
upper pattern
• Explain the
modification of
designs for
purposes of
economy and
suitability of
materials
• State the effect
on pattern cutting
of man-made
materials
Marker board
Projector • Select last for
various
construction and
different
purposes
• Produce pattern
for bottoming
components
• Identify
essential
machinery for
cutting and
preparation of
outsole, insole
and
other bottoming
components.
• Tack, stich and
cement and
demonstrate
other methods
of lasting and
attaching.
• Illustrate the inter-
locking ability of
patterns in relation
to material layout
• Use markers, jigs,
dies and guides in
closing.
• Demonstrate
caster and direct
cutting of bottom
materials and the
importance of
inter-locking of
patterns
• Guide the processes
264
2.6 Explain the effect on
pattern cutting of man-
made materials
2.7 Explain the process of
grading and
standardization in the
making of pattern for jig
and knife
2.8 Produce pattern for
bottoming components
2.9 Explain the effects and
uses of heat and humidity
in shoe manufacturing
processes
2.10 Explain the influence
of these factors (heat and
humidity) on shoe
materials and processes in
so far as they affect the
work of the pattern cutters
2.11 Illustrate the inter-
locking ability of patterns
in relation to material
layout
2.12 Explain the importance
of tightness, stretch,
quality and substance in
hand and machine cutting.
• Describe the
process of
grading and
standardization
on the patterns
• Discuss the
effects and uses
of heat and
humidity in shoe
manufacture
• Discuss the
influence of heat
and humidity on
shoe materials
• State the
importance of
tight.
• Describe other
group and size
making methods
• State the
requirements for
pattern
allowances
• Explain the
equipment for
upper decoration
• Fit uppers,
soles, heels and
bottom units
• Use markers,
jigs, dyes and
guides in
closing.
• Illustrate types of
heel and explain
their effects on
pattern
• Guide the processes
Cutting, M/C
and Leather
265
2.13 Explain the use
markers, jigs, dyes and
guides in closing.
2.14 Explain other group
and size marking methods
2.15 Explain the
requirements of different
types of machines using
them in preparation,
machining and finishing of
upper in relation to pattern
allowances.
2.16 List and use the
equipment for upper
decoration e.g
stitching,
bows,
buckles and
eyelets.
2.17 Explain and follow the
sequence of operation in
making of uppers
2.18 Demonstrate caster and
direct cutting of bottom
materials and the
importance of inter-locking
of patterns
2.19 Describe the essential
machinery for cutting and
preparation of outsole,
• State the
sequence of
operation in
making of uppers
• Explain types of
fit, stiffeners and
puffs
• Explain the
advantages of
Premolding and
foaming
• Explain the
sequence of shoe
room operation
• Explain
operations in
relation to pattern
cutting
• Discuss the
classification on
higher level.
- Identify the
equipment for
upper decoration
of stitching
bows, etc
Use the
equipment
above
• Guide the processes
Soles and
insole
266
insoles and other
bottoming components
2.20 Tack, stich and cement
and demonstrate other
methods of lasting and
attaching.
2.21 Fit uppers, soles, heels
and bottom units
2.22 List types of fit
stiffeners and puffs
2.23 State the advantages of
pre moulding and foaming
in making uppers and
insole
2.24 Illustrate types of heel
and explain their effects on
pattern
2.25 Describe in sequence
shoe room operation
2.26 List individual
operations in relation to
pattern cutting e.g. panel
trimming effect on pattern
cutting of man-made
materials
2.27 Explain the
classification of leather as
- Identify
essential
machinery for
cutting and
preparation of
out sole in sole
and the
components
Use essential
machineries for
the above
- Identify fits,
stiffeners and
puffs
- Track, Stitch
and cement shoe
sole
- Fit uppers,
soles, heels and
bottom units
267
soft, hard etc. and explain
the choice of a particular
types of leather for a
particular product.
works industry.
General Objective 3.0:Understand theory and practice of all operation in the upper departments
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Upper Department
3.1 Explain departmental
workflow, work transport
and process control in
upper making
3.2 Illustrate last sizes and
ranges and charts
3.3 Explain pattern
interchanges in upper
making
3.4 Explain different methods
of guide marking for upper
assembly
3.5 Explain upper materials
and give example of upper
specifications
3.6 Apply system of layout on
all types of materials and
• Describe
departmental
workflow, work
transport
and process
control in
upper making
• Describe the
application of
multi-luckiness
cutting
• State the
machines and
equipment
• Explain faults in
closing and their
effects on
subsequence
departments
• Explain the
operational
sequence
Marker board
Projector
• Identify pattern
interchanges in
upper making
• Identify
machines and
equipment used
for wide range
of footwear
produced from a
wide variety of
materials
• Illustrate last sizes
and ranges and
charts
• Demonstrates
different methods
of guide marking
for upper
assembly
• Identify upper
materials and give
example of upper
specifications
• Apply system of
layout on all types
of materials and
for all systems of
cutting by hand,
machine or
automatic
equipment
Various Lasts
268
for all systems of cutting
by hand, machine or
automatic equipment
3.7 Explain and apply multi-
luckiness cutting
3.8 Explain marking of cut
section
3.9 Check quality in the
cutting department e.g. for
tightens ,stretch, quality
substance, flexibility
3.10 List machines and
equipment used for a wide
range of footwear
produced from a wide
variety of materials
3.11 Describe edge and
decorative treatments
3.12 List faults in closing and
explain their effects on
subsequent departments
3.13 Describe and apply the
operational sequence for a
varied range of footwear
with loose, fixed or
laminated linings
3.14 Explain and apply the
• Describe the
application of
fitting methods in
upper making
• State the effect of
pulling and
lasting on close
uppers
• Explain the
effects of faults
in cutting and
closing on the
lasting
department
• State the
equipment and
materials
• Describe the
application of
Identify upper
materials
Identify marking
of cut section
• Pull and last the
uppers
• Carryout edge
and
decorative
treatments
• Identify the
equipment and
materials
• Identify marking
of cut section
• Check quality in
the cutting
department e.g. for
tightens ,stretch,
quality substance,
flexibility
• Carryout edge and
decorative
treatments
• Repair damaged
finished product
with appropriate
materials
• Inspect finished
product for defects
• Pack box and label
269
fitting methods in upper
making
3.15 Explain defective uppers
3.16 Explain the effect of
drafting and lasting on
seam and close upper
construction
3.17 Explain the effect of
drafting and lasting on
seam and upper
construction
3.18 List the equipment and
name the materials used
in the shoe room for all
types of shoe
3.19 Describe different types
of socks and socks design
and state their uses
3.20 Explain the repair
damaged finished product
with appropriate materials
3.21 Outline, inspect procedure
of finished product for
defects
3.22 Pack box and table
fitting methods in
upper making
• Describe
defective uppers
and effect of
drafting and
lasting
• Describe the
effect of drafting
and lasting
• State the
equipment used
in the shoe room
• Explain types of
socks design and
uses
• Describe the
repair process
• Carryout upper
making applying
fitting methods
• Identify
defective uppers
• Pull the toes and
the upper to
check effect of
drafting and
lasting
• Draft and last
uppers
• Operate
equipment in
shoe room
• Identify
different types
of socks and
socks design
• Repair damage
finished product
with appropriate
materials
270
• Inspect finished
product for
defect
• Pack box and
table
General Objective 4.0:Understand the depth the theory and practice of all operations in the bottoming departments
Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Bottoming Department
4.1 Explain the relationship
between kest shape and
dimensions, and
components, equipment
and machine settings
4.2 Explain work flow, work
transport and process
control in bottoming
departments.
4.3 State lasting and other
allowances required in
pattern cutting for a
different methods of
construction and types of
lasting equipment
4.4 Explain the effect of
substance and elasticity on
lasting/sewing.
4.5 List and correct faults in
closing which may affect
the lasting department
• State the
relationship
between kest
shape and
dimensions, and
components,
equipment
and machine
settings
• Describe work
flow and work
transport
• Outline lasting
and often
allowances
• State the effect of
substances and
elasticity on
lasting/sewing
Marker board
Projector
Guide the following
Processes
• Operate all
automatic and
semi-automatic
machinery used in
cutting and
preparation of
bottom stock
• Use equipment for
cutting and
preparation of
bottoming
components.
• Operate all
machinery
generally used for
lasting and for
attaching a variety
of upper materials
and common
styles.
• Fit soles, heels and
bottom units
271
4.6 Identify bottom materials
and give example of
bottom specifications.
4.7 describe defects in
Materials
4.8 List all automatic
machinery used in cutting
and preparation of bottom
stock
4.9 List equipment for
cutting and preparation of
bottoming components
4.10 List in correct sequence
the system of drafting and
lasting (back part or fore
part)
4.11 Explain the effect of heat
and moisture on materials
prior to and after lasting.
4.12 List all machinery
generally used for lasting
and for attaching a variety
of upper materials and
common styles
4.13 List the various methods
of Sole attachment
4.14 Explain the moulding
systems by direct and
• Outline faults and
their corrections
• Explain defects
in materials
• State all
automatic
machinery use in
cutting and
preparation
• State equipment
for cutting and
preparation
• Outline in correct
sequence the
system of
drafting
• State the effect of
heat and moisture
prior to and after
lasting
• Outline the
various methods
of sole
attachment
• Describe the
moulding process
-
- Operate
automatic
machinery used
in cutting and
preparation of
bottom sole
- Use equipment
for cutting and
preparation of
bottoming
components
- Operate
machinery used
for lasting and
for attaching
- Apply the
various methods
of sole
attachment
- Fit soles, heels
and bottom units
• Apply adhesives
used in the
bottoming
department by
using correct
method.
• Carryout pre-
finishing
operations
including bottom
stock preparations
by automatic and
semi-automatic
systems.
• Prepare and treat
heels prior to
fitting
• Apply edge and
bottom finishes
• Identify bottom
materials
• Identify defects on
materials
Beam process
Twin beam
press soles
272
injection methods using
granular, solid or liquid
materials
4.15 Fit soles, heels and bottom
units
4.16 List adhesives used in the
bottoming department by
using correct method.
4.17 Compare traditional
finishing with finishing
using semi-automatic
equipment.
4.18 Explain pre-finishing
operations including
bottom stock preparations
by automatic and semi-
automatic systems.
4.19 Explain and treat heels
prior to fitting.
4.20 List types and shapes of
accessories e.g.
- Knives
- Cutters
- Stones
- Abrasives
- For different types of
edges.
• Differentiate
between
traditional
finishing with
facility using
semi-automatic
equipment
• Describe pre-
finishing
operations
• Describe heels
treatment prior to
fitting
• State the types
and shapes of the
accessories
• Describe the
application
- Apply abrasive
by using correct
method
- Carry out the
finishing
operations
- Prepare and
treat heels prior
to fitting
- Apply edge and
bottom finishes
in sole
Soles and heels
Finishing
machine
273
4.21 Explain the application of
edge and bottom finishes
in sole
General Objective 5.0:Understand Finishing and Shoe-Rooming Week
Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning
Outcome
Teacher’s Activities Resources
Tools and Equipment for
Shoe Finishing
5.1 Explain the machines,
equipment and hand-tools
used for finishing
operations, e.g.
- Trimming machine,
scouring machine,
edge cutters, spraying
gum, spraying booth,
etc.
5.2 Store, care, adjust and
maintain the machines and
equipment mentioned in
1.1 above
5.3 Explain the safety
precautions involved in
using the machines and
tools mentioned in 1.1
above.
5.4 Explain the function and
working principles of he
machines mentioned in 1.1
above.
• Explain the types
of machines use
in finishing
• Store in cool
place working
machine, pigment
and dyes
• State the safety
procedure
• Describe the
operation
• State the
differences in the
methods
Marker board
Projector
- Operate the tools
and equipment
for finishing the
soles
- Carry out
the storage,
care and
adjustment
- List safety
gadgets
- Carry out
the
operation
(i) Identify
the
machines,
equipment and
hand-tools used
for finishing
operations, e.g.
(ii) Trimming
machine,
scouring
machine,
edge
cutters,
spraying
gum,
spraying
booth, etc.
(iii) Store,
care,
adjust and
maintain
the
machines
and
equipment
mentioned
in 1.1
above
Trimming
Machines
Scouring
machine
Edge cutter
machines
Spraying
machines, etc.
Boat,
Nose cover,
Hand gloves
Eye goggle
274
5.5 Explain the difference
between the two methods
of sole finishing:
(i) finishing the sole
before attaching
(ii) finishing the sole
after attaching,
taking into
consideration the
technical process,
equipment,
advantages,
inconveniences,
etc
5.6 Identify edge trimming
tools according to:
(i) equipment used
(ii) material nature and
thickness
(iii) edge profile
5.7 Explain heel scouring
abrasives according to heel
material and equipment
used
5.8 Explain the following
operations:
(i) sole edge trimming
(ii) heel scouring (fine
and supper fine)
(iii) sole heel
assembling (with
nail or adhesive)
(iv) edge inking
• Cleaning and
Spraying
packages
• Explain Heel
scouring sole and
in sole trimming
• Describe
scouring abrasive
according to heel
materials
- Carry out
the
operations
(iv) etc
(v) Identify
edge
trimming
tools
according
to:
(vi) equipment
used
275
(v) last removing
5.9 Identify cleaning materials
e.g. solvent, detergent, etc
5.10 Select cleaning
products in relation to
materials, types of stains or
spots for uppers
5.11 Identify different types
of shoe dressing products
e.g. polish, filler, waxes,
silicones, etc.
5.12 Select dressing
products according to the
nature of the finishing of
the upper materials and the
desired effect
5.13 Perform the following
operations:
(i) cleaning of the
shoe (inside and
outside)
(ii) inserting sock
(iii) repairing shoes
damaged during
making process
(iv) top line treatment
(v) fitting of
ornaments
(vi) dressing of the
shoe by hand
• Thinner
• Thinner and edge
burnishing
materials
• Dyeing machine
finish
• Thinner and Edge
burnishing
materials dyes
and machine
finish
(vii) material
nature and
thickness
(viii) edge
profile
(ix) Explain
heel
scouring
abrasives
according
to heel
material
and
equipment
used
(x) Perform
the
following
operations
:
(xi) sole edge
trimming
(xii) heel
scouring
(fine and
supper
fine)
(xiii) sole heel
assemblin
g (with
nail or
adhesive)
(xiv) edge
inking
276
(vii) dressing of the
shoe by spray gum
(viii) arranging shoes in
pairs and sizes
(ix) final examination
(x) packing
(xv) last
removing
• Identify cleaning
materials e.g.
solvent, detergent,
etc
•
277
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED
NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE. 1. Staple gun inside attaching.
2. Back former; OMIC or BU No. 1
3. Forepart Lasting; ASTRA or BU No. 4
4. Basic tack lasting; BU model A
5. Basic cement side lasting; Kamborian.
6. Basic tack seat lasting; BU No. 5
7. Wire brush roughing wheel
8. Sole attacking press; BUCSA or SIGMA
9. Heel nailing; BU 80/c model A
10. Some form of finishing or pre-finishing but this is a matter of local choice.
11. Lasting tacks (lasting pins on which to hold the last when working)
12. Tack (removing) knives
13. Breasting knives
14. Scissors
15. Manchester cutters.
16. Clicking knives.
17. Clicking knives.
278
18. Closars folding hammers.
19. Steel rules
20. Divider
21. Grading M/C for patterns
22. Skving M/C
23. Splitting M/C
24. Stamping M/C
25. Post bed M/C
26. Flat bed M/C for edge and decoration.
27. Zig-Zag M/C for closing back
28. Eyeletting M/C for eyelet attaching
29. Revertting M/C for revetting
30. Modern omic pre-heating M/C for pre-heating of uppers.
31. Schon toe lasting M/C for lasting toe
32. Heat reactivator
33. Schon heel/seat lasting M/C for lasting heel.
34. Heat setter
35. Roughening M/C for roughening lasting part of upper and insole
279
36. Desco pressing M/C for pressing sole with upper
37. Spraying M/C for finishing upper and bottom.
280
MINIMUM LIST OF LEATHER TRADES EQUIPMENT
S/NO ITEMS QUANTITY
REQUIRED
QUANTITY
AVAILABLE
ADDITIONAL
QUANTITY
REQUIRED
1. Staple gun for inside attaching 5 tins
2. Back former; OMIC or BU, No. 1 5
3. Forepart lasting; ASTRA or BU No 4 5
4. Basic tack lasting; BU Model A 5
5. Basic cement side lasting; Kamborain 5
6. Basic tack seat lasting; BU No. 5 5
7. Wire brush roughing wheel 3
8. Sole attacking press; BUCSA or SIGMA 4
9. Heel nailing; BU 80/C Model A 4
10. Some form of finishing or pre-finishing
(but this is a matter of local choice)
11. Lasting tacks (lasting pins on which to
Hold the last when working)
2 packets
12. Tack (Removing) knives 15
281
13. Boasting knives 15
14. Scissors 15
15. Manchester cutters 10
16. Clicking knives 15
17. Clicking boards 15
18. Closars folding hammers 10
19. Steel rules 22
20. Divider 22
21. Grinding machine for patters 3
22. Skiving machine 2
23. Splitting machine 2
24. Stamping machine 2
25. Postbed machine 2
26. Flatbed machine for edge and decoration 2
27. Zig-zag machine for closing back 2
28. Eyeletting machine for eyelet attaching 2
29. Rivetting machine for riveting 2
30. Modern Omic pre-heating machine for 2
282
Pre-heating of uppers
31. Schon toe lasting machine for lasting tow 2
32. Heat reactivator
33. Schon heel seat lasting machine for lasting heel 2
34. Heat setter 2
35. Roughening machine for roughening lasting
part of upper and insole
2
36. Desco pressing machine for pressing sole with
upper
2
37. Spraying machine for finishing upper and
bottom
2
Wet Processes
1. Beams 4
2. Fleshing and unhairing knives 15
3.. Drums 4
4. Vats 4
5. Horses (wooden) 10
6. Plastic basing plastic & Cups (all graduated) 10 each
7. Pits 4
283
8. Hose pipes (4 lengths of 10m each)
9. Avery weighing machine 1
10. Scales 2
11. Fleshing machine 1
12. Unhairing machine 1
13. Splitting machine 1
14. Tan yard 1
15. Seeting machine 1
16. Shaving machine 2
17. Buffing machine 2
18. Staking machine 1
19. Drying chamber 2
20. Toggling frames 4
21. Plating machine with different plates 1
22. Spray gun 2
23. Finishing chamber with exhaust fan 1
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