nanoscale science and engineering centers (nsec) · 2/17/2005 · james t. yardley, managing...
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US-Korea Forum on Nanomanufacturing Research and Education
James T. Yardley, Managing directorColumbia University NSECDepartment of Electrical Engineering
US-Korea Forum on Nanomanufacturing Research and Education
James T. Yardley, Managing directorColumbia University NSECDepartment of Electrical Engineering
Col
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f New
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kin
the
City
of N
ew Y
ork
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers (NSEC):Research and Education
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NSF Nanocenters (NSEC): what are they?
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Source: Mike Roco
NNI Infrastructure 2001-4: R&D Centers, Networks, User Facilities.
Seven NNI themes: Biotechnology, Nanostructures ‘by design’ and novel phenomena, Device and system architecture, Environmental Processes,Multiscale modeling, Nanoscale manufacturing; Societal implications and Improving human performance
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What does a Nanocenter actually do anyway ?
•Research concept and theme.•People: broadly based single university or group of universities.
•Leadership and management structure.•Identified primary thrusts (evolving).
•Suborganization varies…•Could be project, or collaborations…
•Outreach and education resources and program.•International (optional)•Industrial interaction and collaboration.
•A logo
•Other elements…
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Columbia NSEC program team and collaborators.
Daniel Akins
Linda Doerrer
Robert Krchnavek
* Scientific director‡ Managing director
Center encompasses approximately 70 researchers at a significant level of involvement.
Bridging postdocsassure close and real collaboration.
Senior Research Scientists:
Shalom WindMark Hybertsen
Research Assoc.Latha Venkataraman
Christian KlocRobert WillettDave Lang
Phaedon AvourisCherie KaganNorton Lang
Graciela Blanchet
ChemistryRonald Breslow *Louis BrusGeorge FlynnRichard FriesnerAnn McDermottColin Nuckolls
Electrical EngineeringTony Heinz
Applied PhysicsIrving HermanStephen O’BrienAron Pinczuk
PhysicsPhilip KimHorst Stormer *
Chemical EngineeringJames Yardley ‡
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What will be the new paradigm?
Hypothesis: Molecules provide an attractive alternative to silicon for electronic information processing.
What will be the new paradigm?What will be the new paradigm?
Hypothesis: Hypothesis: MoleculesMolecules provide an provide an attractive alternative to silicon for attractive alternative to silicon for electronic information processing.electronic information processing.
Heart of the Columbia University Nanocenter:• Understanding of charge transport in nano-scale molecular materials.• Synthesis of new materials and new nano-fabrication schemes.• Measurement and control of charge transport in individual molecules.• Collaboration with major industrial capability.
Heart of the Columbia University Nanocenter:Heart of the Columbia University Nanocenter:• Understanding of charge transport in nano-scale molecular materials.• Synthesis of new materials and new nano-fabrication schemes.• Measurement and control of charge transport in individual molecules.• Collaboration with major industrial capability.
Fundamental physics: projected limit for conventional silicon-based integrated circuit.
Calculations per second per $1000
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
Integrated circuit
Transistor
Vacuum tube
Relay
Electro-mechanical
10-4
10-2
1102
104
106
1081010
Year (time)
Conceptual basis for Center program.
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Research: seeking fundamental understanding.
Transport in single walled carbon nanotubes.
Vision: practical CNT FET
Bachtold, et al.,Science, Nov. 2001
Vision: the monolayer FETSiO2
Organic monolayerAu Au
Transport in ordered molecular arrays.
Vision: single molecule FET
Transport in single molecules.
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The Columbia University Nanocenter
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Optical Spectroscopy of Single Nanotubes
TonyHeinz
FengWang
Louis Brus
Stephen O’Brien
E22
E33 E44
slit edges
nanotube scattering
OpticalScattering
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Graphite microcrystal
AFM cantilever
Insulating substrate
Cleaved thin layer
Seeking a truly two dimensional molecular conductor.
Philip KimJosh SmallYuanbo Zhang Alex HendersonNada PetrovicElizabeth Gabor
Nanopencil
10µ1µ 1µ
104
105
1 10 100Temperature (K)
Mob
ility
(cm
2 /Vse
c)
holeelectron
12 nm Graphite Crystal:
Mobility at 1.7K ~ 50,000 cm2/Vs
at 300K~ 3000 cm2/Vs
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New chemistry for understanding molecular conductance.
Cruciform π-systems
Bis-benzoxazoles•Flat•Oxidatively stable•High tensile strength•Rock stable
Surface Recognition
Ken SugoJen KlareGeorge Tulevski
Colin Nuckolls
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Structure and conductance in ordered arrays (cont..).
naphthalocyanine
George Flynn,Chemistry
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Process:100 keV e-beam lithographyPMMA bilayer resist
Ti
SiSiO2
Au
Al(Ox) gate
Au
~ 4 nm
Ti/Au/Ti3/8/3 nm
50 nm
e-beam writing:
Shalom Wind
Nanoscale device fabrication
MBE
Substrate
AlGaAs
AlGaAsGaAs25nm etch
selective
Jochen Ulrich
~20nm Si3N4 layer (cvd)
25nm
10nm
200nm
SS
SS S
SS
SS
SS
S
SO
SS
SS
SS
SS
SS
S
O
length: 9.6 nm Ronald BreslowDennis Bong
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Education in nanocenters: example, ColumbiaNanocenter
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Educational and Outreach Consortium.
Linda Linda DoerrerDoerrer, , Chemistry,Chemistry,Barnard CollegeBarnard College
Daniel Akins,Daniel Akins,Chemistry,Chemistry,CUNYCUNY
Robert Robert KrchnavekKrchnavek,,Electrical Eng., Electrical Eng., Rowan UniversityRowan University
Strategic Strategic elements of elements of program:program:
•• MetroMetro--NY baseNY base•• Diverse student populationDiverse student population•• Strong science and engineeringStrong science and engineering
IBMColumbia UniversityBarnard CollegeCUNYLucentRowan University
• Engagement• Growth• Transition
•• EngagementEngagement•• GrowthGrowth•• TransitionTransition
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Engagement: Drawing from and broadening the pool of talented students.
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Engagement: Drawing from and broadening the pool of talented students.
Bill Nye, “The Science Guy” with students and staff.
Professor Horst Stormer with Prof. Wendy Crone and students.
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Engagement: Drawing from and broadening the pool of talented students.Summer programs: Middle School and High School teachers and students.
Tom Byrne Florence Dodier
Benjamin CardozaHigh School, Working with Ron Breslow
DeWitt ClintonHigh School, Working with Stephen O’Brien
RET: Research Experience for Teachers.
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General public: Video production.
Engagement: Drawing from and broadening the pool of talented students.
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Growth: Involving students in all aspects of the program: Safety Program.
• Strong chemical and materials hygiene.• HS&E educational program for all participants.• Protection against inhalation and dermal
exposure.• Proper procedures for handling of potentially
hazardous materials.• Strict adherence to government and institutional
regulations.• Proper disposal of waste materials.• Dissemination of information regarding potential
hazards.• Proper reporting of all reportable incidents.
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Dr. Byung Hee Hong
Education: International cooperation.
Japan: Prof. Takao SomeyaUniversity of Tokyo.
Hong Kong: Prof. Michael LoyHong Kong University of Science and Technology.
Korea: Center for Superfunctional MaterialsProf. Kim S. Kwang, DirectorDepartment of ChemistryPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang, Korea
• Collaborative research• Visiting scientists
Prof. Kwang S. Kim
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Columbia-Korea collaborative research: Extracting inner shells of long multi-wall carbon nanotubes.
Byung Hee HongPhilip KimKwang S. Kim
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Molybdenum selenide nanowire: synthesis and transport.
Bismuth semi-metallic nanowire synthesis.
Columbia-Korea collaborative research…continued.
Ju Young Lee
Yeon Suk Hong Yeon Suk HongLatha Venkataraman
Ju Young LeeKwang S. KimPhilip Kim
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•Graduate level•No credit•1.5 days•Open to all (priority to nsec students)
•Maximum of 25 students
•Minimum of 15 students
Transition: Preparation for “life after theuniversity experience in nanotechnology”.Short courses
Ethical conduct of research• The ethos of the researcher• Schematic of research process• Discussion groups: case studies• Federal codes: Misconduct in Science and Engineering• Sample major case, facts and regulatory
framework.
Science Policy: Nanotechnology at the Science-Society Interface
• A comparison: Genetic Eng. And Nanotech.• Current state of nanotechnology.• Assessing nanotechnology• Nanotechnology and public perception.• Political science: the role of government.
Scientific presentation and writing skills.
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Arden House Retreat - annually.
• 19 faculty members• 3 research scientists• 7 industrial collaborators• 3 undergraduate students• 40 graduate students and
postdocs
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ExtraSlides
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Evolution of NSF NSEC’s
Rice University
Columbia University
Harvard University
Cornell UniversityRPI
Northwestern University
2001
UCLA
University of Illinois
2003
Univ. of Pennsylvania
Northeastern Univ.
Ohio State Univ.
U. Calif. Berkeley
Stanford Univ.
Univ. of Wisconsin
2004
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NSF NSEC’s: Special programs
Columbia University
Harvard University
Cornell UniversityRPI
Northwestern University
Univ. of Pennsylvania
Ohio State Univ.
U. Calif. Berkeley
Stanford Univ.
Univ. of Wisconsin
Science and engineering Rice University
+ Environment/Biology
UCLA
University of Illinois
+ Manufacturing
Northeastern Univ.
+ Societal Impact
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US Infrastructure for Nanotechnology Research.NSF
• Individual research grants.• NIRTs• Research centers
[MRSECs]Columbia for example
[STCs]Cornell for example.
NSEC’sNSEC’s• National nanotechnology infrastructure network
Ex: Purdue -Computational nanotechnology
• Center for Learning and Teaching (NCLT).
Other collaborating agencies• ARO• AFOSR• DOE• NIST
National Institute of Health
Seven themes: Biotechnology, Nanostructures ‘by design’ and novel phenomena, Device and system architecture, Environmental Processes,Multiscale modeling, Nanoscale manufacturing; Societal implications and Improving human performance
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers
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