n e o l i t h i c a g e
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NEOLITHIC AGE
From the Era of the beginning of the farming to the Metals Age.
NEOLITHIC TECHNOLOGY• The mankind made
new tools as:– Sickle (hoz, para
segar el cereal).– Hand mill (molino
de mano, para moler el cereal).
– A chopper axe ( un hacha de piedra, pero la piedra está pulimentada).
THE DOMESTICATION OF FIRST ANIMALS SPECIES AND PLANTS.
Plants.• Wheat (Trigo).
• Barley (Cebada).
• Lentil (Legumbres como la lenteja).
• Rice (arroz) in Asia.
• Corn (maiz) in America.
Animal species.– VACA (cow).
– OVEJA (sheep).
– CABRA (goat).
– CERDO (pig).
– PERRO (dog).
– One of the last animal species domesticated was the cat.
THE BEGINNING OF POTTERY (cerámica).
• How to make a bowl (vasija):
– 1. Clay (barro).
– 2. Model the clay.
– 3. Make some geometric paintings on the clay or make some lines or basic symbols.
– We use holes on the ground as ovens to cook the bowls.
THE MANKIND BECOME SEDENTARY.
• FIRST VILLAGES: mankind built first houses with a circular form. They hadn't different rooms. In the middle of the house they used to made a circle with stones and they used it as kitchen and heating.
• After a few centuries the mankind built their houses with a rectangular form.
• They began to divide the house in different rooms, one of them for the animals.
NEOLITHIC ARCHAELOGICAL SITES.
• The mankind became sedentary and a farmer and shepperd in the Middle East (actually countries as Iraq, Israel, Palestine, Siria, south Turkey and west Iran).
CHATAL HUYUK (south Turkey).
CHATAL HUYUK' S TEMPLES
-Archeologists found out some houses they identified as temples.
- They found out the rooms decorated with paintings and sculptures of heads of bulls.
- In the Ancient Times the bull was identified with the virility of the man and in general with fecundity.
- Some of the paintings found at Chatal Huyuk show hunting scenes, rituals dance. They also found out some sculptures of heads of bulls, pregnant women and a figure of the “Mother Goddess” (la Diosa Madre).
- Nowadays some villages in Africa are still built with the same structure of Chatal Huyuk. It is a defensive structure.
NEOLITICH ON EAST MEDITERRANEAN SEA :JERICHO
- The village was surrounded by a wall but for first time they built a tower to defend themself.
- Jericho was near the Dead Sea and they used to trade with salt.
- Jericho had already 2.000 people. They were the only one sedentary people around the Dead Sea; the rest of the people were nomads.
- Archaeologists found some skulls decorated as human heads.
- They buried their deads under the ground of the houses.
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