myanmar senior 3rd quarter 2017€¦ · sabbath school lesson muhpyiuxo%zh' i \n+(g6\irol...
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Sabbath School Lesson jrefrmvlBuD;wef;
ykHEdSyfollOD;zkef;Ekdif (00354)
refae*sm
uif;apmihfykHEdSyfwkduf
206 a&TopÞmvrf;?
&efuif;árdUe,f? &efukefárdU
xkwfa0ol
OD;apmxDrao(00595)
OuàX
jrefrmjynfowÕraeYOykoftoif;awmf?
68 OD;0dpm&vrf;?
&efukefárdU
tkyfa& - 5000
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yxrtBudrf
Sabbath School Lesson
jrefrmvlBuD;wef;jrefrmvlBuD;wef;
jrefrmvlBuD;wef;jrefrmvlBuD;wef;jrefrmvlBuD;wef;
*vmwdMo0g'pmxJu{0Ha*vdw&m;
Zlvdkifv? Mo*kwfv? pufwifbmv
2017 ckESpf
yxrtBudrf
ed'gef;ed'gef;
ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;
rmwifvlomESihf*vmwdMo0g'pm
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrIjzihf rmwifvlomonf
&mpkESpfcsDít,loD;jcif;ESihf xHk;wrf;pOfvmatmufwGif umvMum&Snf
yHk;uG,faecJhaom or®musrf;pmrSor®mw&m;rsm;udkazmfxkwfonfh ESpf
500 jynfhajr§mufESpfudkusif;y&ef a&mrtoif;awmfrScGJxGufaom
c&pf,meftoif;awmfwdkYonf tqifoifhjzpfaeMuNyDjzpfonf/ *vmwd
Mo0g'pm (a&mrMo0g'pmESihftwl) tm;jzihf a&mrtoif;awmfrS
cGJxGufa&;0g'onf vGefcJhaomaxmifpkESpf0ufcefYuyif tpysKd;cJhonf/
&mpkESpfrsm;pGm rSm;,Gif;aombmoma&;oGefoifcsufESihf c&pf,mefbkef;BuD;
wdkY\trSm;rsm;rS vloef;aygif;rsm;pGmwdkYudkvGwfajrmufapcJhaom bmom
a&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfajzmihfrwfjcif;wnf;[l
aom r[mowif;aumif;udk rmwifvlomonf *vmwdMo0g'pmudk
zwf½INyD;od&Sdvmjcif;rS aygufzGm;vmcJhonf/ þMo0g'pmrSzwf½Iaom
t&monf vlomudkajymif;vJapcJhum urÇmBuD;onfvnf; b,faom
tcgrSaemufaMumif;jyefrvSnfhawmhacs/
vlomaemufydkif; ESpfaygif;&mpkrsm;pGmcsDNyD;aemuf wnfaxmifaom
owåraeYajrmfvihfjcif;toif;onfvnf; *vmwdMo0g'pmudkaus;Zl;wif
p&mtaMumif;&Sdonf/ *vmwdMo0g'pmudkavhvmjcif;jzihf E. J. Waggoner
ESihf A. T. Jones wdkYonf 1880 ESihf 1890 umvrsm;wGif ajrmfvihf
jcif;toif;awmfu ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfajzmihfrwfjcif;[laomor®mw&m;
udk jyefvnfawGU&Sd&efulnDay;cJhMuonf/
xdkuJhodkYaom bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;\ausm½dk;BuD;udk
zefwD;&ef *vmwdMo0g'pmonftb,fenf;/ tb,faMumihf¤if;onf
rmwifvlomuJhodkYaomvlrsm;pGm\pdwfESvHk;udk udkifvIyfEkdifoenf;/
rmwdumrmwdum
rmwdumrmwdumrmwdum
1/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvk ---------- 7
2/ aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m; ------------ 19
3/ {0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI ---------------------- 30
4/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;-------------- 42
5/ "r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif; ------------------- 55
6/ uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif; --------------------- 68
7/ ,HkMunfjcif;odkYoGm;&mvrf; -------------------- 81
8/ uReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkY -------------------- 94
9/ aygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsuf ------- 106
10/ y#dnmOfESpfck ----------------------------- 118
11/ c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif; --------------------- 131
12/ 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;touf&Sifjcif; -------------- 144
13/ {0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf ------------------ 156
14/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; ------------------ 169
-0-
56
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c&pf,mef0dnmOfa&;twGuf ta&;ygaomtmabmfrsm;pGmudkwifjyonf/
*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvkonf vGwfvyfjcif;? u,fwifjcif;wGif
ynwfawmf\u@? c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkY\tajctae? 0dnmOfawmf
OD;aqmifonfhtoufwm\oabmobm0 ponfhta&;rsm;tjyif
oefY&Sif;ajzmihfrSefaombk&m;ocifa½SUawmfwGif tjypf&Sdaomvlom;rsm;
onf rnfuJhodkYajzmihfrwfEdkifrnfenf;[laom a&S;usonfhar;cGef;udkvnf;
udkifwG,fajz&Sif;onf/ tjcm;aomt&mrsm;xuf þar;cGef;onfyif
rmwifvlomtm; b,faomtcgrQaemufaMumif;rjyefrnfhvrf;aMumif;udk
pwif&efvHIYaqmfay;aomar;cGef;yifjzpfonf/
trSefrSm? a&mrMo0g'pmuJhodkYaom tjcm;usrf;wdkYonfvnf;
txufygar;cGef;wcsKdUudkwifjyMuonf/ odkY&mwGif *vmwdMo0g'pm
onf xl;jcm;onf/ ¤if;onf vkd&if;udkwdkwdk&Sif;onfomru? ¤if;\
<u,f0vSaomtmabmfrsm;udk yk*d¾Kvfa&;t& tm;aumif;aumif;ESihf
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bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmftwGuf pdwfESvHk;wHcg;udkyGihfap&ef ulnDEkdif
pGrf;onf/
aygvk\pmonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;udk,fwdkifudk,fuspum;ajymyg
aomfvnf;? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrItm;jzihf aygvka&;om;
csdefu ordkif;jzpf&yfrSefudkod&SdchJaomf? uREfkyfwdkY\em;vnfoabmayguf
rIonf omícdkifrmayvdrfhrnf/
rsm;pGmaomusrf;wwfynm&SifwdkYonf aygvk\Mo0g'pmrsm;
xJwGif *vmwdMo0g'pmonf tvsifOD;qHk;a&;aompm? vlodrsm;aom
a,½k&SvifaumifpD (wref 15) tNyD;? at'D 49 wGifa&;cJh[ef&Sdonf
[k ,HkMunfMuonf/ þMo0g'pmonf oufwrf;t&ifhqHk;aom
c&pf,mefrSwfwrf;rSwf&mjzpfEkdifonf/ wrefawmf0w¬KESihf*vmwdMo0g'pm
wdkYu &Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyouJhodkY a&S;OD;toif;awmfxJwGif u,fwifjcif;
oabmobm0ESihfywfoufí tBudwfte,fjiif;cHkrI&Sdum? txl;ojzihf
omoemyvlwdkYudpöwGif jiif;cHkMuonf/ ,HkMunfol,k'vlwpfpk\tqdk
t&? omoemyvlrsm;twGuf a,½Iudk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;onf
jynfhpHkvHkavmufrIr&Sdacs/ omoemyvlwdkYonf ta&zsm;vSD;um arma&S
\ynwfrsm;udkvnf; vdkufavQmuf&Murnfjzpfonf (wref 15;1)/
xdkaMumihf aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUwGif omoemyvlwdkYjzihf toif;awmf
wnfaxmifaomtcg ,k'bmomqGJudkifolwcsKdUwdkYonf ]]jyóem
ajz&Sif;&ef}} a&mufvmMujcif;rSm tHhtm;oifhp&mtaMumif;r&Sdacs/
aygvkxHodkYþjyóemowif;a&mufvmaomtcg olonf
pdwftm;xufoefpGmjzihfwHkYjyefcJhonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;ESihftvkyftm;jzihf
u,fwifjcif;&onf[laom rSm;,Gif;aom{0Ha*vdowif;pum;onf
c&pfawmf\aqmif&Gufcsufudk avsmhyg;apEkdifonfhtEÅ&m,fudk owdûy
rdaomaMumihf aygvkonf {0Ha*vdowif;udk aumif;pGmumuG,fEkdif&ef
*vmwdMo0g'pmudka&;om;cJhonf/ þrSm;,Gif;aomoGefoifcsufonf
ynwfonfomt"du[laom0g'oufoufomjzpfaMumif; tjyif;xefqHk;
aompum;vHk;rsm;jzihf azmfxkwfcJhonf/
þoHk;vywfOykofpmajzoifcef;pmonf *vmwdtoif;awmf
udk a,½Itay:opömapmihfod&efawmif;qdkaom wrefawmfaygvkESihftwl
avQmufvrf;&ef uREfkyfwdkYtm;zdwfac:aeonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif þ
oifcef;pmonf rmwifvlomtwGuf a&mrtoif;awmfESihfa&SmifvTJr&bJ
cGJxGufap&ef wHcg;zGihfay;um? or®musrf;pm\{0Ha*vdowif;udk
vrf;aMumif;rSefay:jyefwnfhay;aomor®mw&m;rsm;udk uREfkyfwdkYrnfrQ
em;vnfaMumif; jyefvnfoHk;oyf&aomtcGihfudkvnf; jyifqifay;onf/
-0-
87
oifcef;pm (1)oifcef;pm (1)oifcef;pm (1)oifcef;pm (1)oifcef;pm (1)
wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvkwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvkwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvkwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvkwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtwGufwrefawmfaygvk
ZGef 24 - 30ZGef 24 - 30ZGef 24 - 30ZGef 24 - 30ZGef 24 - 30
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; ZGef 24ZGef 24ZGef 24ZGef 24ZGef 24
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ wref 6;9-15/ 9;1-9/ 1&m 16;7/ róJ
7;1/ wref 11;19-21/ 15;1-5/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]þtaMumif;t&mwdkYudk xdkolwdkYonf Mum;&vQifrjiif;b]]þtaMumif;t&mwdkYudk xdkolwdkYonf Mum;&vQifrjiif;b
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JJ
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aemifww&m;udk wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm;vnf; ay;awmfrlNyD[kaemifww&m;udk wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm;vnf; ay;awmfrlNyD[k
aemifww&m;udk wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm;vnf; ay;awmfrlNyD[kaemifww&m;udk wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm;vnf; ay;awmfrlNyD[kaemifww&m;udk wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm;vnf; ay;awmfrlNyD[k
bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;Mu\}} (wref 11;18)/bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;Mu\}} (wref 11;18)/
bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;Mu\}} (wref 11;18)/bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;Mu\}} (wref 11;18)/bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;Mu\}} (wref 11;18)/
wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvk (ajymif;vJNyD;aemuf wrefawmfaygvk[lí
vnf;vlodrsm;onf) ESihf olvkyfaqmifcJhonfht&mudk tb,faMumihf
vkyfaqmifonf[laomtcsufudk em;vnf&efrcJ,Of;acs/ ol\toufwm
wpfavQmufvHk; ynwfawmf\ta&;BuD;jcif;taMumif;ESihf £oa&v
vlwdkYtwGuf rMumrDa&mufvmrnfh EkdifiHa&;vGwfvyfjcif;taMumif;wdkY
jzihf ½dkufoGif;cH&aom pdwftm;xufoefonfh,k'vlwpfOD;twGuf
Mum&SnfpGmapmifharQmfcJhonfhu,fwif&Sifonf tqdk;qHk;aom&mZ0wfom;
uJhodkY &SufzG,fvdvdtowfcH&onf[laomt,ltqrSm vufcHEkdifp&m
taMumif;vHk;0r&Sdacs/
xdkaemuf a,½Iaemufvdkufolrsm;onf ynwådusrf; (arma&S
a&;aomusrf; 5 usrf;) udkrvdkufavQmufolrsm;? £oa&vvlwdkY
twGuf bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnfawmfudkaESmihfaES;apolrsm;[k wxpf
csol,HkMunfonf/ um;pifowfcH&aoma,½Ionf u,fwif&Sifjzpf
aMumif;? olonf aojcif;rSxajrmufawmfrlaMumif; olwdkY\ajymqdkcsuf
rsm;udk ,HkMunfjcif;udkazmufjyefjcif;[k ol,HkMunfvufcHonf/ þ
uJhodkYt"dyÜg,fuif;rJhaomt&m (odkYr[kwf) ¤if;,HkMunfjcif;udkpGefYvTwf
&efjiif;qefaomolwdkYudk onf;cHEkdifp&mtaMumif;r&Sdacs/ a&Smvkonf
xdkuJhodkYaom,HkMunfcsufrsm;udk £oa&vxJuxkwfypfrnfh bk&m;ocif
\udk,fpm;vS,fjzpf&ef pdwfydkif;jzwfcJhonf/ aemufydkif;wGif or®musrf;pm
onf olYtm;a,½Iudku,fwif&Siftjzpf,HkMunfol olYtrsKd;om;csif;
,k'vlwdkYtm; Murf;êuwfaomn§Of;qJoltjzpfazmfjyonf/
odkYaomfjim;vnf; bk&m;ocifonf a&SmvktwGuf tjcm;aom
tMuHtpnf&Sdawmfrlonf/ ¤if;rSm oludk,fwdkifb,faomtcgrQêudwif
rarQmfrSef;cJhonfh a,½Ionfu,fwif&SifjzpfaMumif;a[majymjcif;omru?
olonf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xJwGif xdkowif;udka[mMum;rnf[laom
t&myifjzpfonf/
we*FaEG ZGef 25 ZGef 25 ZGef 25 ZGef 25 ZGef 25
c&pf,mefrsm;ud kn§Of;qJolc&pf,mefrsm;ud kn§Of;qJol
c&pf,mefrsm;ud kn§Of;qJolc&pf,mefrsm;ud kn§Of;qJolc&pf,mefrsm;ud kn§Of;qJol
wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvkonf oawzefudkcJjzihfaygufowf&mwGifyg0if
cJholjzpfonf/ (wref 7;58) [k t&ifqHk;rSwfwrf;wifNyD;aemuf?
a,½k&SvifûrdUüjzpfaeaom omíus,fjyefYonfhn§Of;qJrIESihfqufpyfívnf;
wrefawmf0w¬KwGifazmfjyxm;onf (wref 8;1-5)/ ayw½k? oawzef?
zdvdyÜd? aygvkwdkYonf wrefawmf0w¬KwGif ta&;ygaomtcef;u@ü
yg0ifMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf olwdkYonf ,k'EkdifiH\wpfzufurf;
odkYwkdif c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;jyefYyGm;aponfhjzpf&yfrsm;wGif yg0ifMujcif;
aMumihfjzpfonf/ oawzefonf oD;jcm;ta&;ygt&ma&mufonf/
9 10
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ol\a[majymcsufESihfrmwk&aojcif;onf wm½I
ûrdUom;a&Smvktay: tav;teufvTrf;rdk;rI&Sd[efwlonf/
oawzefonf Greek pum;ajymonfh,k'vlrsKd;jzpfum? e*dk
toif;axmufckepfOD;xJrSwpfOD;jzpfcJhonf (wref 6;3-6)/ wrefawmf
0w¬Kt&? wdkif;wpfyg;rSajymif;a&TUvmaom ,k'vlrsKd;wpfpk (wref 6;9)
onf a,½ItaMumif;a[majymonfhtaMumif;t&mESihfywfoufí
oawzefESihfpum;jiif;cHkcJhMuonf/ þpum;tacstwifajymqdkrIwGif
wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvkonf yg0ifEkdifacstvm;tvm&Sdonf/
wref 6;9-15 udkzwfyg/ oawzeftay:pGJcsufrsm;onf
tb,fenf;/ þpGJcsufrsm;onf oifhtm;rnfonfht&mudkowday;
oenf;/ (róJ 26;59-61 udkvnf;zwfyg/)
oawzef\w&m;a[mcsuftay: cufxefaom&efvdkpdwfonf
taMumif;t&mESpfckaMumihfjzpfEkdifonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdkaomf? oawzef
onf olY,SOfûydifbufwdkY\trsufa'goudkEdI;aqmfonft&mrSm ,k'wdkY\
ynwfESihf ,k'bmom\tc&musum? bmoma&;ESihfvlrsKd;a&;\trSwf
tom;ozG,fwefzdk;xm;MuonfhAdrmefawmfudk yxrOD;pm;ay;ta&;xm;
jcif;r&Sdjcif;yifjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif oawzefonf þoauFwESpfckwdkY
udk ab;csdwfarS;rSdefapjcif;oufoufruacs/ olonfum;pifwifowf
cH&NyD; jyefvnfxajrmufaomu,fwif&Sifa,½Ionf ,k'bmom,HkMunf
jcif;\ppfrSefaomqHkcsufjzpfaMumif;udk cdkifcdkifrmrmxkwfazmfajymqdkcJhonf/
xdkaMumihf awmfvSefa&;pdwf"mwfjyif;xefNyD; pnf;urf;BuD;&efvkd
pdwf&Sdonfh zm&d&SJtkyfpkwGifyg0ifum a&S;OD;c&pf,mefrsm;udkqefYusifbuf
ûy&mwGif pdwftm;xufoefonfh zm&d&SJaygvk (zdvdyÜd 3;3-6) udk
a'gotrsufxGufaponfrSm tHhMop&mr&Sdacs/ a&Smvkonf bk&m;ocif
\EdkifiHawmfwnfaxmifrnfh r[mtem*wfuwdawmfrsm;rjynfhpHkao;[k
jrifaecJhonf ('Ha,v 2/ Zmc&d 8;23/ a[&Sm, 40-55)/ NyD;aemuf
a,½Ionf u,fwif&Sifjzpfonf[laomt,ltqtygt0if? £oa&v
txJrS bmoma&;azmufjyefrIudkoefYpifapjcif;jzihf bk&m;ocif\EkdifiH
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cJhonf/
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ürSm;aomolwdkYudkowf&ef pdwfqE´&SdaecJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkY,HkMunfonfh
t&mtwGuf pdwftm;xufoefrIvdktyfaepOf? tcgtm;avsmfpGmuREfkyf
wdkYrSm;aewwfMuonfudkod&Sdjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY\pdwftm;xufoefrIudk
xdef;csKyf&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,lEdkifrnfenf;/
wevFm ZGef 26
a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;
a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;
]]ocif? udk,fawmfonftb,folenf;[kar;avQmuf\/ ocif
bk&m;uvnf;? igum; oifn§Of;qJaoma,½Ijzpfownf;/ wkwfcRef
udkajcESihfuefausmufvQifcufvSonf}} (wref 9;5 NKJV)/
a&S;OD;toif;awmfudk a&Smvk\n§Of;qJjcif;onf rodrompwif
cJhygaomfvnf; (olonf oawzefudkowfaomolwdkY\0wfvHkrsm;udk
xdef;odrf;ay;cJh½HkrQomjzpfonf) vsifjrefpGmjyif;xefvmonf (wref 8;1-
3/ 9;1?2?13?14?21/ 22;3-5)/ vkumonf a&Smvk\yHk&dyfvTmudk
½dkif;pdkif;&ufpufaomom;&J (odkYr[kwf) rdrd&efoludkowfjcif;iSm pdwftm;
xufoefaeonfh vk,ufwdkufzsufaomppfom;uJhodkY yHkazmfonfhpum;
vHk;rsm;udktoHk;ûyonf/ ]]zsufqD;onf}} (wref 8;3) [líbmomjyef
qdkaompum;vHk;udk Greek bmomjzifhjyefqdkaom "r®a[mif;usrf; (qmvH
80;13) wGif xdef;r&? zsufqD;wwfaomawm0uf\ûyrlyHkudkazmfjy&m
wGif toHk;ûyonf/ a&Smvk\c&pf,mefrsm;udkn§Of;qJjcif;onf tay:,H
taysmfoabmvkyfaqmifjcif;r[kwfonfrSm &Sif;aeayonf/ ¤if;rSm
11 12
wrifwumMuH&G,fNyD;? c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udktjrpfjywfacsrIef;&ef
wpdkufrwfrwfvkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfonf/
a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;udkazmfjyonfh usrf;csufoHk;ckudkzwfyg/
(wref 9;1-18/ 22;6-21 ESihf 26;12-19)/ þtawGUtêuHwGif
bk&m;ocif\u½kPmonf rnfuJhodkYyg0ifrI&Sdoenf;/ wpfenf;tm;
jzihf ocifbk&m;onf olYtay:jyoonfhaumif;jrwfjcif;udk a&Smvkonf
rnfrQxdkufwefrI&Sdoenf;/
vlYtjriftm;jzihfMunfhaomf a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;onf jzpfEkdif
[efr&Sdacs/ (vltrsm;uvnf; ppcsif;Mum;csdefwGifr,HkMunfcJhMuacs/)
a&Smvkxdkufwefonfhwpfckwnf;aomt&mrSm jypf'Pfjzpfaomf
vnf;? xdkYtpm;bk&m;ocifonf þpdwfxufoefaom,k'vludk u½kPm
jyoawmfrlcJhonf/ odkY&mwGif a&Smvk\ajymif;vJjcif;onf tvdktavsmuf
r[kwf? tEdkiftxufûyjcif;r[kwfonfudk odxm;&efta&;BuD;onf/
a&Smvkonf bk&m;rJh0g'Dr[kwfcJhacs/ olonf bk&m;ocifudk
vGJrSm;pGmem;vnfygaomfvnf;? bmoma&;udkif;½dIif;olwpfOD;jzpfonf/
a,½Ionf aygvkudk ]]wkwfcRefudkajcESihfuefausmufvQifcufvSonf}}
(wref 26;14) [krdefYawmfrlcsufrSm 0dnmOfawmfonf a&Smvktm;
wkdufwGef;aeaMumif;jyoonf/ a&S;tcgu cRefxufaomwkwfcRefudk
v,frxGefcsifonfhEGm;rsm;tm;xdk;&eftoHk;ûyonf/ a&Smvkonf tcsdef
twefMum bk&m;ocif\xdk;qGjcif;udkqefYusifcJhonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;?
tqHk;wGif 'rmoufûrdUudkoGm;&mvrf;ü &Sifjyefxajrmufawmfrlaom
a,½IESihf tHhzG,fawGUqHkaomtcg? a&Smvkonf qufvufíwdkufcdkuf
jcif;rûyawmhacs/
oif\ajymif;vJjcif;tawGUtêuHudk jyefpOf;pm;Munfhyg/ aygvk
\tawGUtêuHuJhodkY Zmwfvrf;yrmjzpfaumif;jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif
rnfonfhtvm;wlenf;vrf;jzihf bk&m;ocif\u½kPmudk vufcH&&Sdol
jzpfcJhoenf;/ c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYtm;ay;cJhNyD;aomt&mudk b,faom
tcgrQrarhavsmh&ef tb,faMumihfta&;BuD;oenf;/
t*Fg ZGef 27
'rmouf'rmouf
'rmouf'rmouf'rmouf
ûrûr
ûrûrûrdUüa&SmvkdUüa&Smvk
dUüa&SmvkdUüa&SmvkdUüa&Smvk
a&Smvkonf a,½IESihfyufyif;awGUqHkcsdefwGif rsufvHk;uef;um?
,k'trnf&Sdaomvlwpfa,muf\tdrfudkoGm;í tmeedtrnf&Sdaom
tjcm;vlwpfa,mufudkapmihf&ef ñTefMum;jcif;cH&onf/ a&Smvk\
udk,fum,rsufvHk;uef;jcif;onf a,½I\aemufvdkufrsm;udkn§Of;qJ&ef
ydkYaqmifay;onfh omíBuD;rm;aom0dnmOfa&;rsufpduef;jcif;udk jyif;xefpGm
owday;aomt&mjzpfonf/
'rmoufûrdUoGm;&mvrf;ay:wGif olYxHodkYa,½Iudk,fxif&Sm;jcif;
onf t&m&mudkajymif;vJcJhonf/ a&Smvkonf rdrdudk,fudkrSefonf[k
,lqaomae&mwGif olonf vHk;0rSm;aecJhonf/ bk&m;ociftwGuf
vkyfaqmifaernfhtpm;? udk,fawmfudkqefYusifbufûyaecJhonf/ a&Smvk
onf 'rmoufûrdUxJudk a,½k&SvifûrdUrSxGufcGmvmonfh b0ifjrihf
pdwftm;xufoefaomzm&d&SJuJhodkYr[kwfbJ topfaomvlwpfa,muf
taejzihf 0ifoGm;cJhonf/ pm;aomufrnhftpm;? a&Smvkonf 'rmouf
ûrdUüyxroHk;&ufudk jzpfysufcJhaomt&mtm;vHk;jyefoHk;oyf&if; tpma&Smif
jcif;ESihfqkawmif;jcif;jzihf ukefvGefapcJhonf/
wrefawmf 9;10-14 udkzwfyg/ tmeed\pdwfxJwGif rnfodkY
jzpfaernfudkpOf;pm;Munfhyg/ n§Of;qJola&Smvkonf ,ckwGifa,½Iudk
,HkMunfolwpfa,mufjzpfvmonfomru? olonf aygvkjzpfvmum
wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY {0Ha*vdowif;udkaqmif,l&ef bk&m;ocif
a&G;cs,fawmfrlaomwrefawmfjzpfvmonf (wref 26;16-18 udk
zwfyg)/
13 14
tmeedonf tenf;i,fpdwf½IyfaxG;oGm;onfrSm tHhMop&mr&Sdacs/
tu,fí a,½k&SvifûrdUü&Sdaomtoif;awmfonf aygvkajymif;vJNyD;
oHk;ESpfMumonfhwdkif vufcH&efcsDwHkcswHkjzpfaeao;vQif (wref 9;26-
30)? ¤if;jzpf&yftNyD; &ufydkif;om&SdcsdefwGif 'rmoufûrdUrS,HkMunfolwdkY
\pdwfxJwGif rnfonfhar;cGef;rsm;ESihfpdk;&drfrIrsm;jzihfjynfhaernfudk odEkdif
ayonf/
wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvk\rarQmfvihfaomowif;udk ocifbk&m;onf
tmeedtm; ½lyg½Hkjzihfay;cJhonfudkvnf;owdûyyg/ ,k',HkMunfolwdkY\
&efolonf ,ckwGifolwdkY\vlwpfOD;jzpfvmonf[laomtrSefw&m;udk
olYtm;ajymjy&mwGif ½lyg½Hkjzihfajymjcif;onfomvQif tmeedudkvufcH
,HkMunfapEdkifayrnf/
a&Smvkonf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udktjrpfjzwfypf&ef
,Zfyka&m[dwftBuD;tuJrsm;\tmPmESihfay;tyfonfhwm0efwdkYESihftwl
a,½k&SvifûrdUrSxGufcGmvmcJhonf (wref 26;12)/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;
bk&m;ocifonf a&SmvktwGuf omíBuD;rm;aomwefcdk;yg&Sdonfh tjcm;
us,fjyefYaomwm0ef&Sdawmfrlonf/ a&Smvkonf {0Ha*vdowif;udk
wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY a[mMum;&rnfjzpfum? þt&monf a&Smvk
\ajymif;vJjcif;xufyif tmeedESihf,k',HkMunfolwdkYtwGuf omí
tHhtm;oihfp&mjzpfaeygonf/
a&Smvkonf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;ysHUESHYoGm;jcif;udkjzwfypf&ef
êud;pm;cJhaomae&mwGif ,ckrlbk&m;ocifonf ,k',HkMunfolrsm;vHk;0
rawG;xifxm;cJhonfh {0Ha*vdowif;ysHUESHYapjcif;twGuf olYudktoHk;ûyawmf
rlvdrfhrnf/
1&m 16;7/ róJ 7;1/ 1aum 4;5 wdkYudkzwfyg/ tjcm;
vlwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tawGUtêuHudk uREkfyfwdkY½IjrifyHkwGif tb,faMumihf
owdxm;&rnftaMumif;ESihfywfoufí þusrf;csufwdkY\owif;pum;
onftb,fenf;/ olwpfyg;udktuJjzwf&mwGif rnfonfhtrSm;rsm;udk
ûyvkyfcJhzl;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf xdktrSm;rsm;rS rnfonfht&mudkoif,lcJh
oenf;/
Ak'¨[l; ZGef 28
wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;
wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;wpfyg;trsK d;om;rsm;xHod k Y{0Ha*vdys HUES H Y jcif;
yxrqHk;aomwpfyg;trsKd;om;toif;awmfudk rnfonfhûrdUwGif
wnfaxmifoenf;/ rnfonfht&mu ,HkMunfolwdkYtm; xdkûrdUodkY
ajymif;a&TUapoenf;/ (wref 11;19-21?26)/ xdkt&monf "r®a[mif;
csdefu rnfonfhjzpf&yfudkowd&apoenf;/ ('Ha,v 2 udkzwfyg/)
oawzefaoqHk;NyD; a,½k&SvifûrdUwGifay:aygufvmaomn§Of;qJ
jcif;aMumihf rsm;pGmaom,k',HkMunfolwdkYtm; rdkifaygif; 300 a0;uGm
aom ajrmufbufü&SdonfhtEÅdtkwfûrdUodkY xGufajy;cJhMuonf/ a&mr
tkyfcsKyfrIatmufü&Sdaom qD;&D;,m;jynfe,f\ûrdUawmf tEÅdtkwfûrdUonf
a&mrûrdUESihftvufZE´&m;ûrdUwdkYNyD;aemuf 'kwd,tBuD;qHk;ûrdUjzpfonf/
¤if;ûrdUwGif vlOD;a&;ig;odef;cefYaexdkifum? vlrsKd;aygif;pHkaexdkifMuaom
aMumihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;toif;awmfwnfaxmif&eftwGufomru?
a&S;OD;toif;awmf\urÇmtESHYomoemvkyfief;pwif&ef XmecsKyftwGuf
taumif;qHk;ae&myifjzpfonf/
tEÅdtkwfûrdUu rnfonfhtjzpftysufaMumihf AmeAonf xdkûrdU
odkYvnfywf&efESihf tEÅdtkwfûrdUolYxHodkYaygvktm;zdwfac:&ef aemufydkif;
üqHk;jzwfcJhoenf;/ xdkûrdUu toif;awmfudkrnfuJhodkYaomyHk&dyfrsKd;jzihf
yHkazmfoenf;/ (wref 11;20-26)/
aygvk\toufwmudk ESpftpOftvdkufpD&efcufcJaomfvnf;?
olajymif;vJNyD; a,½k&SvifûrdUudkoGm;cJhonfhtcsdef (wref 9;26-30)
ESihf AmeAonf olYtm;tEÅdtkwfûrdUwGifvmaygif;&ef zdwfac:aomtcsdef
15 16
Mum;umvonf ig;ESpfcefYMumanmif;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ xdktawmtwGif;
aygvkbmvkyfcJhoenf;/ taotcsmajym&efcufcJonf/ odkY&mwGif *vmwd
1;21 rS olYrSwfcsufudktajccHaomf? olonf ½I&djynfESihfudvdudjynf
wdkYwGif {0Ha*vdowif;udka[maevdrfhrnf/ wcsKdUaomolwdkYtMuHûy
onfrSm xdktcsdeftawmtwGif; olYrdom;pkonf olYtm;tarGjzwfum
(zdvdyÜd 3;8/ 2aum 11;23-28) wGif olazmfjyonfhtcuftcJrsm;pGm
udk cHcJh&onf[líjzpfonf/ tEÅdtkwfûrdUü&Sdaomtoif;awmfonf oefY&Sif;
aom0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrIatmufwGif a0qmpGmyGifhvef;aecJhonf/
wrefawmf 13;1 wGifazmfjycsufonf vlrsKd;aygif;pHkaexdkifaom xdkûrdUü
&Sdaomtoif;awmfxJüyif vlrsKd;pktzHkzHkESihf,Ofaus;rItjzmjzm&SdaeaMumif;
a&mifjyef[yfvsuf&Sdonf/ (qdkufy&yfrSAmeA? uka&aejynfom;vkud?
udvdudjynfrSaygvk? tmz&durS½Iarmif? tjcm;ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;
trsKd;om;rsm;tm;vHk;udkvnf; xnfhpOf;pm;Munfhyg/) ,ckwGif 0dnmOf
awmfonf ½I&djynfESihf,k'jynfwdkYudkausmfvGefum omoemvkyfief;rsm;
omía0;a0;a&muf&SdEdkif&ef tEÅdtkwfûrdUudktajcûyí {0Ha*vdowif;
pum;onf omírsm;pGmaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHa&muf&Sdap&ef
êud;yrf;awmfrlcJhonf/
wrefawmf 11;19-26 ukdjyefzwfyg/ ,Ofaus;rIESihfvlrsKd;pHk
jcm;em;uGJjym;pGm&Sdaeaom tEÅdtkwfûrdU&Sd toif;awmfü&Sdaomaumif;uGuf
rS ,aeYtoif;awmfrsm;twk,lEdkif&ef uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfht&moif,l
&&Sdoenf;/
Mumoyaw; ZGef 29
toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©
toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©toif;awmftwGif;y#dyu©
trSefyifvlom;onfrjynfhpHkyg/ a&S;OD;,HkMunfoltodkuft0ef;
xJwGif rMumrDtwGif;jyóempwifjzpfvmcJhonf/
toif;awmfxJpwif0ifcJholtm;vHk;onf a&S;OD;toif;awmfxJ
odkY ,HkMunfolwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;0ifvmonfudk rESpfûrdUMuacs/
oabmxm;uGJvGJrIrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkYomoemûyjcif;r[kwfbJ
rnfonfht&may:tajccHNyD; wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk toif;awmfxJ
0ifcGihfûyrnf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ wcsKdUwdkYonf a,½Iudk,HkMunfjcif;
wpfckwnf;onf c&pf,mef\trSwfvu©Pmtjzpf owfrSwf&efrvHk
avmuf[kcH,lMuonf/ olwdkYu ,HkMunfjcif;udkta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihf
arma&Synwfrsm;udkvdkufavQmufjcif;wdkYjzihf jznfhpGuf&rnf[k jiif;qdk
Muonf/ ppfrSefaomc&pf,mefwpfOD;jzpf&ef wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ta&
zsm;vSD;&efvdktyfonf[k tcdkiftrmqdkMuonf/ (ayw½kESihfaumfaevd
wdkY\jzpf&yfESihf ¤if;jzpf&yftay:wHkYjyefcsuftm;jzihf ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;ESihf
wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;Mum;u oif;uGJjcif;twkdif;twmudk (wrefawmf
10;1-11;18) uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrifEkdifonf/)
zdvdyÜd\&Srm&dvlrsKd;rsm;Mum; omoemûyjcif; (wref 8;14)
ESihf tEÅdtkwfûrdUu wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihftwl omoemûyjcif; (wref
11;22) wdkYudkppfaq;&ef a,½k&SvifûrdUrS acgif;aqmifrsm;a&mufvm
jcif;onf c&pf,meftodkuft0ef;xJwGif ,k'vlrsKd;r[kwfaomolrsm;tm;
yg0ifapjcif;udpöwcsKdUudkñTefjyonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;
rcHaoma&mrppfom;aumfaevdtm; ayw½ka&ESpfjcif;ay;jcif;tay:
wHkYjyefrIonf a&S;OD;,HkMunfolrsm;Mum;wGif wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udpö
ESihfywfoufí oabmxm;uGJvGJrI&SdaeaMumif; &Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/
tcgtm;avsmfpGm aumfaevduJhodkYaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk toif;
awmfxJ0ifapjcif;onf wcsKdUaomolwdkYudk uoduatmufjzpfapaomf
vnf; a,½Iudk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;tay:tajccHNyD; wpfyg;trsKd;om;
rsm;twGuf toif;awmfwHcg;rsm;udk us,fus,fzGihfxm;&ef aygvk\
&nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&Sdêud;yrf;rIaMumihf vlwcsKdUonf aygvk\omoemarS;rSdef
oGm;ap&ef wrif&nf&G,fêud;pm;vkyfaqmifMuonf/
17 18
F- 2
tEÅdtkwfûrdUrS wpfyg;trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;ESihftwl aygvk\
omoemudk ,k'jynfrSvlwcsKdUwdkYuwdkufzsuf&ef rnfuJhodkYêud;pm;Mu
oenf;/ wrefawmf 15;1-5/
wrefawmf 15 wGifyg&Sdonfh a,½k&SvifûrdUtpnf;ta0;onf
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfoufqdkifí aemufqHk;wGifaygvkbufüygaomfvnf;?
aygvk\omoemvkyfief;ukd qufvufNyD;wdkufcdkufcJhMuonf/ ckepfESpfcefY
vGefNyD;aemuf aygvkonf a,½k&SvifûrdUodkYa&mufvmcsdeftwGif;? rsm;pGm
aomolwdkYonf aygvk\{0Ha*vdudk oHo,&SdaeMuqJjzpfonf/ trSef
rSmaygvkonf AdrmefawmfodkYoGm;csdefwGif ]]þolum;? igwdkYtrsKd;ESihf
ynwfw&m;udkvnf;aumif;? þt&yfXmeudkvnf;aumif; cyfodrf;aom
t&mwdkYüqefYusifbufûyí vltaygif;wdkYtm; qHk;rMo0g'ay;aomol
jzpfyg\}} (wref 21;28/ 21;20?21) [k tm&SrSvmaomvlwcsKdU
[pfa<u;&m? aygvkonf toufqHk;½HI;vkrwwfjzpfcJhonf/
aygvk\oGefoifcsuftaMumif; pdk;&drfylyefaeMuaom þ,k'
,HkMunfolwdkY\ae&mwGif rdrdudk,fudkxm;Munfhyg/ tb,faMumihfolwdkY
\pdk;&drfrIESihfqefYusifjcif;wdkYonf wcsKdUwpf0uft"dyÜg,f&Sdoenf;/
uREfkyfwdkY\êudwifrSef;qonfht,ltqESifhwuG? ,Ofaus;rI (bmom
a&;) em;vnfoabmaygufrIonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;vrf;vTJapEkdifonf[l
aomtcsufrS rnfonfht&mudkoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/ uREfkyfwdkY\&nf&G,f
csufonf rnfrQyifaumif;ygap? tvm;wltrSm;rsKd;rS rdrdudk,fudk
umuG,f&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/
aomMum ZGef 30
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
]]aygvktm; *sL;bmomudkpdwftm;xufoefpGmumuG,fol[lí
vnf;aumif;? a,½I\aemufvdkufrsm;udk rarmryef;n§Of;qJaomol
[lívnf;aumif; ,cifuodcJhMuonf/ &J&ifhNyD;trDStcdkuif;um? ZGJvHkYv
jzihf ol\tpGrf;rsm;ESihfuRrf;usifrIwdkYonf olYtm;t&mcyfodrf;eD;yg;udk
pGrf;aqmifEdkifaponf/ olonf tHhrcef;&Sif;vif;pGmqifjcifoHk;oyfEkdifpGrf;
&Sdum? ol\&ufpufonfhaxhvHk;aighvHk;rsm;onf ûydifbufudk&p&mr&Sdatmif
jzpfoGm;apEdkifonf/ ,ckwGifrl xl;xl;jcm;jcm;tvm;tvm&Sdonfh þ
vli,fonf ,cifu oln§Of;qJcJhaomolwdkYESihfaygif;pnf;um? a,½I\
emrjzihf taMumuft&GHUuif;rJhpGmw&m;a[maeonfudk ,k'vlwdkYjrifawGU
Mu&onf/
]]wdkufyGJwGif AdkvfcsKyftowfcH&jcif;onf olYppfwyftwGuf
qHk;½HI;rIBuD;jzpfaomfvnf; ol\aojcif;onf &efolwdkYtm; rnfonfh
aemufxyfcGeftm;rQray;pGrf;acs/ odkY&mwGif xifay:ausmfapmonfhvl
wpfOD; &efolYwyfESifhyl;aygif;aomtcg? ol\wm0efrsm;qHk;½HI;onfomru?
olyl;aygif;onfhwpfzufwyfonf wdusjywfom;onfhtusKd;&&Sdonf/
wm½IûrdUom;a&Smvkudk 'rmoufûrdUoGm;&mvrf;wGif ocifbk&m;onf
vG,fulpGmtaoowfEkdifonf/ xdktcgn§Of;qJaomtiftm;onf rsm;pGm
cGeftm;avsmhoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif bk&m;ocif\apmifrrIjzihf a&Smvk
\toufudkcsrf;omay;onfomru? olYudkajymif;vJapum xdkodkYjzihf
&efolYbufrScsefyD,Hudk c&pfawmfbufodkYajymif;ay;awmfrlcJhonf/
pum;ajymaumif;NyD; rn§mrwma0zefwwfol? ravsmhaom&nf&G,fcsuf
ESihf raMumufwwfaom&JpGrf;owåd&Sdonfhaygvkonf a&S;OD;toif;awmf
wGifvdktyfonfh wu,fht&nftcsif;rsm;udkydkifqdkifcJhonf}} (AA, p. 124).
-0-
19 20
oifcef;pm (2)oifcef;pm (2)oifcef;pm (2)oifcef;pm (2)oifcef;pm (2)
aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\tcGihftmPmESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;
Zlvdkif 1 - 7Zlvdkif 1 - 7Zlvdkif 1 - 7Zlvdkif 1 - 7Zlvdkif 1 - 7
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 1 Zlvdkif 1 Zlvdkif 1 Zlvdkif 1 Zlvdkif 1
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ 2ay 3;15?16/ *vmwd 1/ zdvdyÜd 1;1/
*vmwd 5;12/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
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]]taMumif;rlum;? ,ckwGifigonf vl\tvdkodk Yvdkuf]]taMumif;rlum;? ,ckwGifigonf vl\tvdkodk Yvdkuf]]taMumif;rlum;? ,ckwGifigonf vl\tvdkodk Yvdkuf
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oavm/ bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfodkYvdkufoavm/ vlwdkYpdwfudkoavm/ bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfodkYvdkufoavm/ vlwdkYpdwfudkoavm/ bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfodkYvdkufoavm/ vlwdkYpdwfudk
El;ñGwfapjcif;iSm&SmMuHoavm/ vlwdk YpdwfudkEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSmEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSm&SmMuHoavm/ vlwdk YpdwfudkEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSm
El;ñGwfapjcif;iSm&SmMuHoavm/ vlwdk YpdwfudkEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSmEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSm&SmMuHoavm/ vlwdk YpdwfudkEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSmEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSm&SmMuHoavm/ vlwdk YpdwfudkEl;ñGwfapjcif;iSm
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uuuHao;vQif? c&pfawmf\tapcHuRefr[kwfNyD}} (*vmwd 1;10)/Hao;vQif? c&pfawmf\tapcHuRefr[kwfNyD}} (*vmwd 1;10)/
Hao;vQif? c&pfawmf\tapcHuRefr[kwfNyD}} (*vmwd 1;10)/Hao;vQif? c&pfawmf\tapcHuRefr[kwfNyD}} (*vmwd 1;10)/Hao;vQif? c&pfawmf\tapcHuRefr[kwfNyD}} (*vmwd 1;10)/
wuúodkvfwpfckrSausmif;om;wpfpkonf olwdkY\ausmif;y&0Pf
twGif; vlrsKd;? usm;^r? tqifhtwef;? bmoma&;,HkMunfrIra&G;
0ifxGufEkdif&ef taqmifwpfckudkwnfaqmufcJhMuonf/ tu,fí
ESpfrsm;pGmMumNyD;aemuf xdkausmif;ol^om;rsm;onf ausmif;y&0Pf
twGif;odkYjyefvmNyD; tcsif;ausmif;ol om;rsm;u ¤if;taqmifyHkajymif;
xm;onfudkjrifawGUonfhtjzpfudkawG;Munfhyg/ ausmif;ü&Sdaomvlrsm;
pnf;vHk;rIudkyHkazmfonfh vltrsm;&if;ESD;pGma&maESmqufqHEkdif&ef&nf&G,f
aom tcef;us,fBuD;udkawGU&rnfhtpm; vlrsKd;? usm;^r ponfwdkYudktajccH
NyD; 0ifxGufjcif;udkuefYowfxm;onfhtcef;i,frsm;jzihf tcef;zGJUxm;
onf/ tcef;rsm;jyifqifzGJUxm;aomausmif;ol om;rsm;u &mpkESpfrsm;pGm
usihfoHk;vmcJhaomusihfpOfrsm;aMumihf þodkYajymif;vJjyifqif&eftcGihf
tmPm&SdaMumif; axmufjyonfudkawG;Munfhyg/
þuJhodkYaomtajctaerSm aygvkonf *vmwdûrdU&Sdtoif;om;
rsm;xHpm;a&;ay;ydkYcsdefü &ifqdkif&aomtjzpfrsKd;yifjzpfacsonf/ ,HkMunf
jcif;wpfckwnf;udktajccHum wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;toif;awmfxJ0ifEkdif
rnfh olYtMuHtpnfudk toif;om;rsm;rjzpfvmrD wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;
onf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;cH&rnf[k r&ruawmif;qdkonfh rSm;,Gif;aom
q&mrsm;\pdefac:rIudkcH&onf/
aygvkjrifawGU&aom þtajctaerSm {0Ha*vdowif;\tESpf
om&udkwdkufcdkufjcif;oufoufjzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf olwHkYjyef&rnf/
¤if;wHkYjyefrIrSm *vmwdtoif;awmfudka&;aomMo0g'pmyifjzpfonf/
we*FaEG Zlvdkif 2 Zlvdkif 2 Zlvdkif 2 Zlvdkif 2 Zlvdkif 2
Mo0g'pma&;olaygvkMo0g'pma&;olaygvk
Mo0g'pma&;olaygvkMo0g'pma&;olaygvkMo0g'pma&;olaygvk
2ay 3;15?16 udkzwfyg/ aygvk\Mo0g'pmudk a&S;OD;toif;
awmfonf rnfodkYoabmxm;onftaMumif; þusrf;csufonfbm
ajymoenf;/ 0dnmOfawmfrIwfoGif;jcif;onf rnfodkYvkyfaqmifaMumif;
þt&mu rnfuJhodkYoGefoifoenf;/
aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYudkpma&;&mwGif olonf ajymifajrmuf
onfhpmayvuf&mudkzefwD;&ef êud;pm;jcif;r[kwfyg/ xdkYtpm;? oefY&Sif;
aom0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrIjzihf aygvkonf oludk,fwkdifESihf*vmwdûrdU
rS,HkMunfolrsm;yg0ifonfhtajctaetwdtusudk ajymqdkaejcif;jzpfonf/
*vmwdMo0g'pmuJhodkYaompmrsm;onf wrefawmfaygvk\
omoemvkyfief;wGif ta&;BuD;aomu@üyg0ifonf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;
rsm;xHodkY omoemûytaejzihf aygvkonf ajrxJyifv,fwpf0dkufwGif
jyefYusJaeaomtoif;awmfrsm;pGmudk wnfaxmifcJhonf/ olwwfEkdif
onfhtcsdefwdkif; þtoif;awmfrsm;udkvnfywfcJhaomfvnf;? wpfae&m
wnf;wGif MumjrihfpGmraeEkdifcJhacs/ ol\ysufuGufrItwGuf tpm;xdk;
21 22
tjzpfaygvkonf olwdkYudkvrf;ñTefrIay;Ekdif&ef þtoif;awmfrsm;udk
Mo0g'pmrsm;a&;cJhonf/ tBudrftawmfrsm;rsm;aygvk\pmrsm;udk
toif;awmfrsm;tcsif;csif;rQa0cJhMuonf (aumavmoJ 4;16)/ aygvk\
Mo0g'pmwcsKdUaysmufqHk;oGm;aomfvnf;? ol\emrnfjzihf "r®opfusrf;wGif
tenf;qHk;wpfq,fhoHk;tkyf&Sdaeonf/ txufygayw½k\pum;rSazmfjy
ouJhodkY twdkif;twmwpfckjzihf aygvk\a&;om;csufrsm;udk or®musrf;pm
tjzpfvufcHMuonf/ þtjcif;t&monf tqHk;wGiftoif;awmfordkif;
tapmydkif;wGif aygvk\omoemonf rnfrQtmPm&SdaMumif;jyo
vsuf&Sdonf/
wpfcsdefwGif c&pf,mefwcsKdUu aygvk\pmta&;tom;yHkpHonf
wpfrlxl;jcm;um? bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;aomEIwfawmfxGufpum;yg&SdEdkif&ef
0dnmOfawmfuzefwD;ay;onfhyHkpHjzpfonf[k ,HkMunfcJhMuonf/ þtjrif
onf Oxford wuúodkvfrSusrf;wwfvli,fESpfOD;jzpfonfh Bernard Grenfell
ESihf Arthur Hunt wdkYonf a&S;pm (c&pfawmfrwkdifrDESihf c&pfawmf
aemufydkif;ESpfaygif;&mcsDutoHk;ûycJhonfh usLyifrS&aompuúLay:a&;om;
aompm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;) tydkif;tpig;odef;cefYudk tD*spfEdkifiHwGif&SmazG
awGU&SdcsdefrSpí ajymif;vJoGm;cJhonf/ a&S;tusqHk;aom "r®opfusrf;
apmifwcsKdUudk &SmazGawGU&Sdjcif;tjyif? olwdkYonf ukefydkYvTmtwGuf
aiGawmif;cHpmrsm;? tcGefaqmifpm&Gufrsm;? jzwfydkif;rsm;ESihf udk,fa&;
udk,fwma&;aompmrsm;udkvnf; &SmazGawGU&SdcJhMuonf/
vlwdkYudktvGeftHhtm;oifhaponfrSm aygvkMo0g'pmrsm;\
tajccHyHkpHrSm olYacwftcgu pma&;olwdkYa&;aeusyHkpHrsm;rS cGJxGufae
jcif;jzpfonf/ pma&;onfhyHkpHwGif (1) ay;ydkYolESihfvufcHolwdkYudkazmfjy
onfh tzGihfEIwfcGef;qufojcif;tNyD; EIwfqufpum;xnfha&;jcif;?
(2) aus;Zl;wifpum;ajymjcif;? (3) pmudk,fudka&;jcif;ESihftqHk;wGif
(4) tydwfrSwfcsufcsjcif;wdkYyg0ifonf/
tusOf;tm;jzihf aygvkonf olYacwfutajccHpma&;onfhyHkpHudk
vdkufum? olYacwfuvlwdkYudk olwdkYESihf&if;ESD;NyD;jzpfonfhqufoG,fenf;
ESihf qufoG,fonfhyHkpHrsm;jzihf pum;ajymqdkcJhonf/
tu,fí or®musrf;pmudk,aeYa&;&rnfqdkcJhaomf? uREfkyfwdkY
xHodkYa&muf&Sd&ef ocifbk&m;onf rnfonfhqufoG,fenf;? yHkpHrsm;udk
toHk;ûyrnf[k oif,lqoenf;/
wevFm Zlvdkif 3
aygvkud kac:awmfrljcif;aygvkud kac:awmfrljcif;
aygvkud kac:awmfrljcif;aygvkud kac:awmfrljcif;aygvkud kac:awmfrljcif;
aygvk\ay;pmrsm;onf a,bk,stm;jzihf a&S;pma&;onfhyHkpH
udkvdkufaomfvnf;? *vmwdMo0g'pmonf aygvk\tjcm;ay;pmrsm;wGif
rawGU&onfh xl;jcm;aomt*Fg&yfrsm;pGm&Sdonf/ þt&mudkodrSwfcsdef
wGif ¤if;jcm;em;rIrsm;onf aygvkpma&;onfhtajctaerSefukd ydkí
em;vnfoabmaygufEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
*vmwd 1;1?2 rS aygvk\EIwfqufpum;udk {zuf 1;1/
zdvdyÜd 1;1 ESifh 2ouf 1;1 wdkYwGif ola&;aomt&mESihfEdIif;,SOfyg/
*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvk\EIwfcGef;qufojcif;onf tjcm;EIwfcGef;
qufjcif;rsm;ESihf rnfonfht&monfwlnDum? rnfonfht&monf
jcm;em;oenf;/
*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvk\EIwfqufpum;onf ol\tjcm;
EIwfqufpum;xuf tenf;i,fomí&Snfonfomru? ol\wrefawmf
tcGihftmPm\tajctjrpfudkazmfjy&ef a&;aeusyHkpHrScGJxGufvmcJhonf/
]]wrefawmf}} [laompum;vHk;onf ]]apvTwfcH&ol}} (odkYr[kwf)
]]qufom;? wref}} [lí wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ "r®opfusrf;wGif
¤if;udk a,½I\rlvaemufvdkufwpfq,fhESpfOD;? xajrmufawmfrlNyD;aemuf
a,½Iudk,fa&mifxifjyaomtjcm;olrsm;ESihf udk,fawmf\oufaocHrsm;
23 24
tjzpf wm0efay;cH&olrsm;wdkYudkom&nfñTef;onf (*vmwd 1;19/
1aum 15;7)/ aygvku rdrdonf ¤if;a&G;cs,fonfhtzGJUwGifyg0ifaMumif;
tav;teufajymqdkonf/
aygvku rdrd\wrefawmftjzpfonf vlom;wpfpHkwpfOD;ay:
wGifwnfonf[laomtcsufudk jyif;jyif;xefxefjiif;qdkonfhtcsufonf
*vmwdûrdUü&SdaomvlwcsKdUwdkYonf ol\wrefawmfjzpfjcif;\tcGihftmPm
udkarS;rSdefap&efêud;pm;onfudk xif[yfaponf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf
uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhNyD;onfhtwkdif;? u,fwifjcif;onf ynwfawmfapmihf
jcif;aMumihfr[kwfbJ? c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;üomtajcûy
aMumif; aygvk\owif;pum;aMumihf toif;awmfxJuvlwcsKdUonf
raysmf&TifcJhMuacs/ aygvk\owif;pum;onf em;axmifjcif;udktm;ray;
[k cHpm;Muonf/ þjyóemzefwD;olrsm;onf odrfarGUeufeJMuonf/
aygvk\{0Ha*vdowif;pum;onf ol\wrefawmfjzpfjcif;ESihfqdkifaom
tcGihftmPm (a,m[ef 3;34) ESihf wdkuf½dkufqufoG,fxm;aMumif;
olwdkYodcJhMuonf/ NyD;aemuf olwdkYonf xdktcGihftmPmudk tjyif;
txefwdkufcdkuf&ef qHk;jzwfcJhMuonf/
odkYaomfvnf; olwdkYonf aygvk\wrefawmfjzpfjcif;udk
wdkuf½dkufrjiif;y,fMuacs/ ¤if;onf trSefwu,fta&;rBuD;[kom
jiif;qdkMuonf/ aygvkonf a,½I\rlvaemufvdkufwpfa,mufr[kwf
[k qdkvdk[ef&Sdonf/ xdkaMumihf ol\tcGihftmPmonf bk&m;ocif
xHrSr[kwfbJ vlom;xHrSvmonf? aygvkESihfAmeAwdkYudk omoemûy
tjzpfwm0efay;tyfaom tEÅdtkwfûrdUrStoif;awmfacgif;aqmifrsm;
(wref 13;1-3) jzpfEdkifonf[kqdkMuonf/ (odkYr[kwf) aygvkudk
tvsifOD;qHk;ESpfjcif;ay;onfhtmeed (wref 9;10-18) xHrSvnf;
jzpfEkdifonf[kqdkjyefonf/ olwdkY\tawG;ü aygvkonf tEÅdtkwfûrdU
(odkYr[kwf) 'rmoufûrdUrSvmaomwrefxufrydkacs/ xdkaMumihf ol\
owif;pum;onf oludk,fydkifxifjrif,lqcsufomjzpfNyD; bk&m;ocif
\EIwfawmfxGufpum;r[kwf[k jiif;Muonf/
aygvkonf þpGyfpGJcsuf\pdk;&drfzG,ftEÅ&m,fudk todtrSwf
ûyvsuf? csufcsif;yif rdrd\bk&m;ay;wrefawmftjzpfudk umuG,f
ajymqdkonf/
,aeYuREfkyfwdkY\toif;awmfabmifxJwGif or®musrf;pm\tcGihf
tmPmonf rnfonfhenf;vrf;rsm;tm;jzihf odrfarGUpGmpdefac:rIcH&oenf;/
þpdefac:rIrsm;udk rnfuJhodkYod&SdEdkifrnfenf;/ omíta&;BuD;onfrSm
or®musrf;pm\tcGihftmPmESihfywfoufí ¤if;wdkYonf oif\udk,fydkif
tawG;rsm;udk rnfuJhodkYvTrf;rdk;aecJhMuoenf;/
t*Fg Zlvdkif 4
aygvk\{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\{0Ha*vdw&m;
aygvk\{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\{0Ha*vdw&m;aygvk\{0Ha*vdw&m;
rdrd\wrefawmfjzpfjcif;udkumuG,fjcif;tjyif? *vmwdtoif;
awmfudktzGihfEIwfqufpum;wGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkxyfí
tav;ay;ajymqdkoenf;/ *vmwd 1;3-5 udk {zuf 1;2/ zdvdyÜd
1;2 ESihf aumavmoJ 1;2 wdkYESihfEdIif;,SOfyg/
aygvkMo0g'pmrsm;\xl;jcm;onfhvu©PmwpfckrSm EIwfcGef;
qufpum;rsm;wGif ]]aus;Zl;awmf}} ESihf ]]Nidrfoufjcif;}} wdkYudkwGJoHk;jcif;
jzpfonf/ þpum;vHk;ESpfckudkaygif;pyfjcif;onf Greek wdkYESihf,k'wdkY
\EIwfqufonfhyHkpHudk jyifqifûyjyifjcif;jzpfonf/ Greek pma&;q&m
wdkYonf ]]EIwfcGef;qufygonf}} (chairein) [koHk;pGJonfhae&mwGif
aygvkonf Greek pum;vHk; (charis) ESifhoHwlaMumif;uJGpum;vHk;
]]aus;Zl;awmf}} (Grace) [ka&;om;onf/ þodkYoHk;pGJjcif;udk ,k'wdkY\
xHk;pHEIwfqufaom ]]Nidrfoufjcif;}} jzihfxyfaygif;xnfhonf/
25 26
þpum;vHk;ESpfvHk;udkwGJxm;jcif;onf pum;pjrnfoufouf
r[kwfacs/ trSefrSm rdrd\{0Ha*vdowif;pum;udk tajccHususazmfjy
jcif;jzpfonf/ (aygvkonf tjcm;aom"r®opfusrf;a&;om;olrsm;xuf)
pum;vHk;ESpfvHk;udk omítoHk;ûyonf/ aus;Zl;awmfESihfNidrfoufjcif;onf
aygvkxHrSr[kwfbJ tzbk&m;ocifESihfocifa,½Ic&pfawmfxHrSjzpfonf/
{0Ha*vdowif;\rnfonfhu@udk aygvkonf *vmwd
1;1-6 wGif xnfhoGif;oenf;/
aygvkonf rdrd\tzGifhEIwfqufpum;wGif {0Ha*vdowif;\
oabmobm0udk tenf;tusOf;omazmfjyaomfvnf;? {0Ha*vdowif;\
tESpfom&udk tcef;i,ftenf;i,fwGif ajymifajrmufpGmazmfjyxm;onf/
{0Ha*vdowif;onf rnfonfht"duusaomor®mw&m;ay:wGifwnfrSDae
oenf;/ aygvktqdkt&? olYudkwdkufcdkufolrsm;a<u;aMumfonfhtcsuf
jzpfaom ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmufjcif;ürrSDwnfacs/ trSefwu,frSm
{0Ha*vdowif;onf rdrd\vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:taocHjcif;ESihf aojcif;
rS&Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf c&pfawmfvkyfaqmifawmf
rlonfhtay:wGif vHk;vHk;rSDwnfonf/ c&pfawmf\aojcif;ESihfxajrmuf
jcif;onf uREkfyfwdkYudk,fwdkif b,faomtcgrQrvkyfEdkifonfht&mudk
vkyfaqmifay;cJhonf/ ¤if;onf tjypfw&m;ESihfaojcif;\wefcdk;udk
csKd;zsufum? vlrsm;pGmudkaMumuf&GHUjcif;ESihf tcsKyftaESmifüzrf;xm;onfh
raumif;rI\wefcdk;rS rdrd\aemufvdkufrsm;udk vGwfajrmufapawmfrlonf/
c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocifjyifqifawmfrlonfh
tHhzG,faus;Zl;awmfESihfNidrfoufjcif;udk aygvkonf pOf;pm;qifjcifaom
tcg? tcef;i,f 5 wGif urÇmtqufqufbkef;BuD;ap[lí tusOf;
csD;rGrf;xm;onf/
*vmwd 1;1-5 wGif aygvktoHk;ûyaompum;vHk;rsm;udkzwf
&mwGif? {0Ha*vdowif;pum;onf rnfonfht&mjzpfonfqdkonfudk
oifem;vnfonfhyHkpHjzihfa&;csyg/
Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 5
tjcm;aom{0Ha*vdr&S dtjcm;aom{0Ha*vdr&S d
tjcm;aom{0Ha*vdr&S dtjcm;aom{0Ha*vdr&S dtjcm;aom{0Ha*vdr&S d
aygvk\a&;om;aomMo0g'pmrsm;wGif tzGifhEIwfqufpum;
aemufudk rnfonfht&muvdkufaeusjzpfoenf;/ *vmwdMo0g'pmonf
rnfuJhodkYjcm;em;oenf;/ *vmwd 1;6 udk a&mr 1;8/ 1aum 1;4/
zdvdyÜd 1;3 ESihf 1oufom 1;2 wdkYESihfEdIif;,SOfyg/
toif;awmfrsm;odkYa&;aomrdrdpmwGif a'ocHpdefac:rIrsm;ESihf
jyóemrsKd;pHkudk aygvkonfajymqdkwwfaomfvnf;? rdrd\EIwfcGef;quf
pum;aemufwGif qkawmif;jcif; (odkYr[kwf) rdrdpmzwfy&dowfwdkY\
,HkMunfjcif;twGuf bk&m;ocifudkaus;Zl;wifonfhpum;rsm;udk a&;ae
usjzpfonf/ r½dk;om;aomtusihfrsKd;pHkjzihf ½kef;uefae&aomaum&defok
toif;awmfudka&;aomMo0g'pmüyif þuJhodkYa&;om;cJhonf (1aum
1;4 ESihf 5;1 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg)/ odkYaomfjim;vnf; *vmwdûrdU\tajc
taeonf tvGefyifpdwfrcsrf;ajrhzG,fjzpfaomaMumihf aygvkonf
aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;udk vHk;vHk;csefvSyfum? qdkvdk&if;udkcsufcsif;
azmfjyonf/
*vmwdûrdUüjzpfysufaomt&mtay: ol\tav;xm;rItwkdif;
twmudkazmfjy&ef aygvkonf rnfonfhjyif;xefaompum;vHk;rsm;udk
toHk;ûyoenf;/ *vmwd 1;6-9/ 5;12 udkzwfyg/
*vmwdvlwdkYudkjypfwifpGyfpGJ&mwGif aygvkonf wnfhwnfhyif
tjypfwifajymqdkonf/ ½dk;½dk;ajym&vQif olwdkYonf c&pf,meftjzpf
ac:awmfrljcif;udk opömazmufMuaMumif;olpGyfpGJonf/ trSefrSm tcef;
i,f (6) wGiftoHk;ûyonfh ]]cGmonf}} [laompum;vHk;udk ppfom;
rsm;onf ppfwyfudktNyD;pGefYcGmjcif;jzihf rdrdwdkYEdkifiHawmfudk opömazmuf
onfhjzpf&yfrsKd;wGiftoHk;ûyonf/ 0dnmOfa&;t&qdkaomf? *vmwdvlwdkY
onf bk&m;ocifudkausmcdkif;xGufcGmonf[k aygvkajymaeonf/
27 28
*vmwdvlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkrnfuJhodkYpGefYcGmMuoenf;/
tjcm;aom{0Ha*vdowif;odkYvSnfhoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ aygvkonf
{0Ha*vdowif;wpfckru&Sdonf[k ajymaejcif;r[kwfbJ? tjcm;aom
{0Ha*vdwpfck&Sdaeonfhtvm; toif;awmfxJrSvlwcsKdUonf c&pfawmf
udk,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;onf rvHkavmufyg (wref 15;1-5) [k
oGefoifaeolwdkYudkajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ þuJhodkY{0Ha*vdowif;udk
vdk&mqGJajymjcif;aMumihf aygvkonf vGefpGmpdwfraumif;jzpfum? tjcm;
aom{0Ha*vdowif;udka[maomolwpfpHkwpfOD;onf bk&m;ocif\usdef
jcif;udkcH&efyiftvdk&Sdaeonf (*vmwd 1;8)/ þtcsufonf aygvk
onf tvGefjywfom;um þtwdkif;ESpfcgwdwdajymqdkxm;onf
(*vmwd 1;9)/
,aeYuREfkyfwdkYtoif;awmfxJüyifvQif ,HkMunfcsufxufrdrdwdkY
tawGUtêuHudkta&;xm;onfrsm;&Sdaeonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfqufqHa&;
wGif rnfonfhtawGUtêuHonf ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfoenf;/ tawGU
têuHonf rnfrQyifta&;BuD;ygap? rnfonfhaygvk\a&;om;csuf
onf rSefuefaom,HkMunfcsuf\ta&;BuD;jcif;udk uREfkyfwdkYtm;oGefoif
oenf;/
Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 6
aygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlv
aygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlvaygvk{0Ha*vd\tprlv
*vmwdûrdUrSjyóemaumifrsm;onf olwpfyg;\axmufcHrIudk
vdkcsifonfhtwGuf aygvkonf ol\{0Ha*vdowif;udka[monf[k
pGyfpGJMuonf/ aygvkonf vlom;\axmufcHrIudk êud;pm;&SmazG½Hkomjzpf
cJhvQif tjcm;rnfonfhenf;vrf;udkûycJhvdrfhrnfenf;/ *vmwd 1;6-9?
11-24 udkoHk;oyfyg/
tb,faMumihfaygvkonf ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk
ta&zsm;vSD;&efrawmif;qdkoenf;/ aygvkudkqefYusifolrsm;u aygvk
onf rnfonfhenf;ESihfrqdk ajymif;vJjcif;udktvdk&Sdonf[k pGyfpGJMu
onf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf ta&zsm;rvSD;&efawmif;qdkrnfudk
aygvkodaecJhaomaMumihf olwdkYudkta&zsm;vDS;&efrawmif;qdkjcif;jzpfonf
[k olwdkYawG;xifcJhMuonf/ aygvkonf vlYtêudufvdkufol[k pGyfpGJ
Muonf/ þpGyfpGJcsufrsm;udkwHkYjyef&mwGif tcef;i,f 8 ESihf 9 wGif
ola&;om;ouJhodkY olYûydifbufrsm;udk jyif;xefaompum;rsm;jzihf
jyefvnfwdkufcdkufonf/ tu,fíolonf vlwdkY\axmufcHrIudkom
vdkcsifcJhaomf tjcm;enf;vrf;jzihfjyefajzqdkrnfrSmtrSefyifjzpfonf/
vlYtvdkudkvdkuf&efêud;pm;aqmif&GufaepOf c&pfawmf\
aemufvdkufrjzpfEkdif[k tb,faMumihfaygvkajymoenf;/
rdrd\{0Ha*vdowif;\tcGihftmPmonf bk&m;ocifxHawmf
rS wdkuf½dkuf&&Sdonf[k tcef;i,f 11 ESihf 12 wGifazmfjyNyD;aemuf
tcef;i,f 13-24 wGif rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/
tcef;i,f 13-24 wGif aygvk\rajymif;vJrD (tcef;i,f
13?14)? ajymif;vJcsdef (tcef;i,f 15?16) ESihfajymif;vJNyD; (tcef;i,f
16-24) tajctaersm;udk a&;om;azmfjyonf/ aygvku ta&zsm;
vSD;jcif;ESihfoufqdkifaomowif;wpfckcsif;pDonf wpfpHkwpfOD;xHrS&&Sdonfh
{0Ha*vdvHk;0rjzpfEkdifbJ? bk&m;ocifxHrSvmaom {0Ha*vdowif;jzpf
aMumif; tcdkiftrmqdkxm;onf/ aygvkonf vufydkufxdkifum? rdrd
tm;ac:awmfrljcif;udk ar;cGef;xkwfjcif;tm;jzihf wpfpHkwpfOD;u ol\
owif;pum;udk csKd;ESdrfjcif;rsKd;cGihfrûycJhacs/
c&pfawmfü rdrdtm;ac:awmfrljcif;onf rnfrQaocsmrI&Sdoenf;/
trIaqmif&ef bk&m;ocifac:awmfrlonfht&mtwGuf aocsmpGm
rnfuJhodkYoifodEkdifrnfenf;/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif oifhtm;ac:awmfrljcif;
29 30
udkaocsmpGmodaomfvnf;? tjcm;olwdkY\tMuHÚmPfudkem;axmif&ef
tb,faMumihfoif,l&rnfenf;/
aomMum Zlvdkif 7
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
]]toif;awmftm;vHk;eD;yg;wGif Zmpfjrpftm;jzihf ,k'vljzpfaom
toif;ol om;wcsKdU&SdMuonf/ xdkajymif;vJvmaomolrsm;udkcsOf;uyf
&ef ,k'q&mwdkYonf tqifoifhjzpfaeMuum? olwdkYtm;jzihf toif;
awmfrsm;xJwGifajcukyfae&m,lMuonf/ or®musrf;pmtaxmuftxm;
rsm;t&? aygvk\oGefoifcsufrsm;udkûzwfcs&ef rjzpfEkdifacs/ xdktaMumif;
aMumihf olYMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIudkacszsuf&efESihf olYtcGihftmPmudkqkwf,kwf
ap&ef or®musrf;pmrSr[kwfonfhpDrHcsufrsm;udk tm;xm;Muonf/
olonf a,½I\wynfhawmfrjzpfcJh[lívnf;aumif;? udk,fawmf\apcdkif;
onfhwm0efudkvnf; r&&SdcJh[lívnf;aumif; odkYaomfvnf; olonf
ayw½k? ,mukyfESihftjcm;aomwrefawmfrsm;udk wdkuf½dkufqefYusifí
,HkMunfcsufrsm;udkoGefoif0Hhonf[k olwdkYxkwfazmfajymMum;Muonf/
]]toif;awmfrsm;udkvsifjrefpGmzsufqD;&ef jcdrf;ajcmufaeaom
raumif;rIrsm;udk oljrifaomtcg aygvk\pdwfESvHk;arTaESmufaponf/
csufcsif;yif*vmwdvlwdkYudkpma&;um? olwdkY\rSm;,Gif;aomtqdkrsm;udk
xkwfazmfNyD; ,HkMunfjcif;rSxGufcGmoGm;olwdkYtm; jyif;xefpGmtjypfwif
cJhonf}} (E. G. White, Sketches From the Life of Paul, pp. 188,189).
-0-
oifcef;pm (3)oifcef;pm (3)oifcef;pm (3)oifcef;pm (3)oifcef;pm (3)
{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI{0Ha*vdw&m;\pkpnf;rI
Zlvdkif 8 - 14Zlvdkif 8 - 14Zlvdkif 8 - 14Zlvdkif 8 - 14Zlvdkif 8 - 14
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8Zlvdkif 8
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 2;1-14/ 1aum 1;10-13/ urÇm
17;1-21/ a,m[ef 8;31-36/ aumavmoJ 3;11/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]]]
]]]]]]oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;
oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;oifwdkYonftcsif;csif;cspfMuí? pdwfruGJjym;bJ? wpfvHk;
wpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;M
wpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;Mwpf0wnf;M
uu
uuuHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&Sdaom
Hpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&SdaomHpnfjcif;ESih fwuG oabmwnDwñGwfwnf;&Sdaom
tm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmh
tm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmhtm;jzihf ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;udk pHkvifapMuavmh
}}}}
}}}}}} (zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd
(zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd (zdvdyÜd
2;2)/2;2)/
2;2)/2;2)/2;2)/
bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJa&;orm; *RefcJvfAif;onf toif;awmf
udkwdkufcdkuf&ef rm&fewf\t"duvufeufrSm rnDñGwfrIESihfuGJjym;
jcif;jzpfonf[k,HkMunfum? *kdPf;uGJrIudk uyfqdk;uJhodkYa&SmifMuOf&ef
c&pf,mefwdkYtm;owday;cJhonf/
odkYaomf pnf;vHk;jcif;twGuf or®mw&m;udkay;qyf&rnfavm/
tu,fí bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;\zcif rmwifvlomonf Worm
ûrdUtpnf;ta0;ü olYudkppfaq;pOfwGif ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomu,fwif
jcif;&onf[laomtjrifudkpGefYvTwfum pnf;vHk;jcif;udka&G;cs,frnfhtjzpf
rsKd;udkawG;Munfhyg/
]]tu,fí ûyjyifajymif;vJol (rmwifvlom) onf tcsuf
wpfckwGiftavQmhay;cJhvQif pmwefESihfol\taygif;tygwdkYonf atmifEkdif
cJhMuvdrfhrnf/ odkY&mwGif ol\r,drf;,dkifaomjrJjrHjcif;onf toif;awmf
31 32
udkvGwfajrmufapum? omíaumif;aomacwfopfudk tpûyEkdifcJhonf}}
(GC, p. 166).
*vmwd 2;1-14 wGif? wrefawmftodkuft0ef;Mum; pnf;vHk;
rIudkzsufqD;&efêud;pm;ol ,HkMunfolwcsKdU\&efrS xdkpnf;vHk;rIudk
xdef;odrf;&ef wrefawmfaygvkonf tpGrf;ukefêud;pm;onfudkawGU&onf/
odkY&mwGif aygvktwGufpnf;vHk;jcif;onf ta&;BuD;ygaomfvnf;?
pnf;vHk;jcif;udk&,l&ef {0Ha*vdor®mw&m;udktay;t,lvkyfNyD;avQmhay;
&ef jiif;qefcJhonf/ pnf;vHk;jcif;twGif;xJü uGJjym;rI&SdaeEkdifaomfvnf;?
¤if;pnf;vHk;rI&&Sd&efvkyfaqmifrIwGif {0Ha*vdudkb,faomtcgrQtay;
t,lrûyvkyfcJhacs/
we*FaEG Zlvdkif 9 Zlvdkif 9 Zlvdkif 9 Zlvdkif 9 Zlvdkif 9
pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;
pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;pnf;vH k;rIta&;BuD;jcif;
1aum 1;10-13 udkzwfyg/ toif;awmfxJüpnf;vHk;jcif;onf
rnfrQta&;BuD;onf[kaygvk,HkMunfaMumif; þusrf;ydk'fonf rnfuJhodkY
azmfjyoenf;/
rdrd\{0Ha*vdonf bk&m;ay;owif;pum;r[kwf[laom pGyfpGJ
csufudkacsyNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf *vmwd 2;1?2 wGif tjcm;aom
pGyfpGJcsufbufodkY OD;wnfoGm;jyefonf/ *vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom rSm;,Gif;
aomq&mrsm;onf aygvk\{0Ha*vdowif;rSm ayw½kESihftjcm;aom
wrefawmfwdkY\oGefoifcsufESihfudkufnDjcif;r&Sd[k pGyfpGJMujyefonf/
olwdkYu aygvkonf aoGznfol[kajymaeMuonf/
þpGyfpGJrIudkwHkYjyef&mwGif aygvkonf olajymif;vJNyD;aemuf
tenf;qHk;wpfq,fhav;ESpfMumrS a,½k&SvifûrdUodkYc&D;pOfudk jyefajymjy
onf/ rnfonfhtcsdefuc&D;xGufcJhonfudk uREfkyfwdkYtwdtusrod
aomfvnf;? a&S;,cifuc&D;oGm;jcif;onf rvG,fulvSacs/ tu,fí
olonf tEÅdtkwfûrdUrSa,½k&SvifûrdUodkY ukef;vrf;jzihfoGm;cJhaomf? rdkifoHk;&m
c&D;twGuf tenf;qHk;oHk;ywfMumrnfjzpfum trsKd;pHkaomtcuftcJ
rsm;ESihftEÅ&m,frsm; êuHawGU&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf;? ¤if;tcuf
tcJrsm;&Sdaevihfupm;? aygvkonf c&D;xGufcJhonf/ odkYaomf wrefawmf
wdkYonf olYtm;qifhac:jcif;aMumihfr[kwfbJ? 0dnmOfawmfonfqifhac:
awmfrlaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ a,½k&SvifûrdUwGif&SdaepOftwGif; ol\
{0Ha*vdowif;udk wrefawmfrsm;a½SUwGifcsjycJhonf/
tb,faMumihfxdkodkYûyvkyfoenf;/ oloGefoifonfhtaMumif;
t&mudk oloHo,&Sdaejcif;aMumihfr[kwfonfrSmaocsmonf/ wrefawmf
wdkY\wpfzeftmrcHcsufay;jcif;rsKd;udkvnf; olrvdktyfcJhacs/ trSefrSm
olonf þ{0Ha*vdowif;udkyif wpfq,fhav;ESpfywfvHk;a[majymae
cJhayonf/ aygvkonf wrefawmfwdkY\cGihfûycsuf (odkYr[kwf) axmufcH
csufudkrvdktyfcJhaomfvnf;? olwdkY\axmufyHhrIESihftm;ay;rIudk tvGef
wefzdk;xm;cJhayonf/
xdkaMumihf ol\owif;pum;onf jcm;em;onf[laompGyfpGJ
csufrSm aygvkudkwdkufcdkufjcif;omru? wrefawmfrsm;\pnf;vHk;rIESihf
toif;awmfudkwdkufcdkufaejcif;yifjzpfonf/ wrefawmfrsm;tMum; pnf;vHk;
jcif;onf ta&;BuD;onf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf aygvk\wpfyg;vlrsKd;
rsm;xHomoemûyjcif;ESihf a,½k&SvifûrdU&Sdrdciftoif;awmfMum; uGJjym;
jcm;em;jcif;onf qdk;0g;aomtusKd;quf&Sdvmrnfjzpfonf/ wpfyg;
trsKd;om;rsm;ESihf,k'c&pf,mefrsm;tMum; rdo[m,zGJUjcif;r&SdcJhaomf
]]c&pfawmfudkuGJaprnfjzpfum? wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm; {0Ha*vda[m
ajym&ef aygvk\ay;tyfjr§KyfEHSaompGrf;tm;? arQmfvihfcsufwdkYonf ysufjym;
Muayvdrfhrnf}} (F. F. Bruce, The Epistle to the Galations, p. 111).
,aeYtoif;awmfpnf;vHk;jcif;udk Ncdrf;ajcmufaomjyóemtcsKdU
rSmtb,fenf;/ ¤if;wdkYudkt"dyÜg,fazmfNyD;aemuf omíta&;BuD;onfrSm
33 34
F- 3
¤if;jyóemwdkYudk rnfuJhodkYudkifwG,foenf;/ pnf;vHk;jcif;xufomí
ta&;BuD;aomta&;rsm;rSmtb,fenf;/
wevFm Zlvdkif 10
ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;
ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;ta&zsm;vS D;jcif;ESih fr Sm;,Gif;aomnDud krsm;
tb,faMumihfta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf aygvkESihf,k'c&pf,mef
wcsKdUtMum; t"dutjiif;yGm;p&mjzpfoenf;/ urÇm 17;1-22/ *vmwd
2;3-5/ 5;2?6/ wref 15;1?5 wdkYudkzwfyg/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYyif
vQif ta&;zsm;vSD;&efvdktyfonf[k wcsKdUaomolwdkYonf,HkMunfMu
onfrSm tb,faMumihfem;vnfay;&efrcufcJoenf;/
ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;onf ,k'vlrsKd;wdkY\zciftmjA[HESihf bk&m;ocif
wnfaqmufcJhaom uwdu0wfûyaomqufqHa&;\trSwfvu©Pmjzpf
onf/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf tmjA[H\om;pOfajr;qufa,musfm;av;
rsm;twGufomjzpfaomfvnf;? bk&m;ocifESihftwl uwdu0wfûyaom
qufqHa&;&Sd&ef vlwkdif;zdwfac:jcif;cH&Muonf/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;trSwf
vu©Pmudk urÇmOD;usrf; 17 wGif tmjA[Htm;ay;cJhonf/ þt&m
rSm om;a,musfm;ay;&ef[laom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfudkjynfhpHkap&ef
olYr,m;\tD*spfvlrsKd;tapcHrESihfuav;&,l&ef tmjA[H\êud;pm;rI
jzpf&yfaemufydkif;rSomjzpfvmcJhonf/
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf y#dnmOf\tHudkuftrSwftom;jzpfonf/
¤if;rSm vlom;pD&ifaomtaumif;qHk;tMuHtpnfrSm bk&m;ocifuwd
xm;awmfrlonfht&mudkjynfhpHkap&ef b,faomtcgrQrpGrf;Edkifonfudk
owday;aomt&mjzpfonf/ tjyifyef;ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf pdwfESvHk;
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;\trSwftom;jzpfonf/ (w&m;a[m 10;16/ 30;6/
a,&rd 4;4/ a&mr 2;29/) ¤if;onf rdrdudk,fudk,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;
udkcGmcsjcif;ESihf xdkYtpm;bk&m;ociftay: opöm&SdpGmrSDcdkjcif;wdkYudk
yHkaqmifonf/
odkYjim;aomfvnf; aygvktcsdefwGif ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf rlv
azmfjyonfh&nf&G,fcsufr[kwfbJ vlrsKd;a&;ESihfbmoma&;trSwfvu©Pm
jzpfvmcJhonf/ a,½IrarG;zGm;rD ESpfaygif;wpf&mhig;q,fcefYu tvGef
tuRHvlrsKd;cspfolwdkYonf ygavwdejynf&Sd ta&zsm;rvDS;aom,k'vl
wdkYtm; twif;t"r®ta&;zsm;vSD;cdkif;onfomru? olwdkY\Oya'ESifh
vufvSrf;rDaomywf0ef;usifrSa,musfm;tm;vHk;udkvnf; twif;t"r®
enf;jzihf ta&zsm;vSD;apcJhMuonf/ vlwcsKdUu ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf
aumif;uifEkdifiHodkYoGm;&ef EkdifiHul;vufrSwf[líyif ,HkMunfMuonf/
þ,HkMunfcsufudk a&S;uAsmpmwdkwdkYwGif atmufygtwdkif;,HkMunfpGm
a<u;aMumfonfrSm ]]ta&zsm;vSD;aoma,musfm;rsm;onf i&JjynfodkY
rqif;oGm;Muyg}} [líjzpfonf/ (C. E. B. Cranfield, A Critical and
Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, p. 172).
aygvkonf ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;udkoufoufqefYusifonf[k,lq
cJhaomf rSm;aeygvdrfhrnf/ aygvkqefYusifonfht&mrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;
rsm;tm; ta&zsm;vSD;&ef tjyif;txefawmif;qdkjcif;aMumihfjzpfonf/
rSm;,Gif;aomq&mwdkYu ]]oifwdkYonf arma&S\w&m;twdkif; ta&zsm;
vDS;jcif;udkrcHvQif? u,fwifawmfrljcif;odkYra&mufEkdif}} (wref 15;1)
[kajymqdkMuonf/ xdkodkYaomjyóemrSm ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;taMumif;
r[kwfbJ? u,fwifjcif;taMumif;omjzpfaeonf/ u,fwifjcif;onf
c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom (odkYr[kwf) em;axmifvdkufavQmuf
jcif;jzihf&&Sdaomt&mjzpfonf [laomoabmoufa&mufaeayonf/
,aeYta&zsm;vSD;jcif;onf jyóemjzpfcsifrSjzpfayvdrfhrnf/
odkYaomf toif;awmftaejzihf þuJhodkYaomjyóemrsKd; (tu,fíwpfpHk
wpfck&Sdaomf) ESihfwlaom rnfonfht&mudk&ifqdkifae&oenf;/
35 36
t*Fg Zlvdkif 11
uGJjym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;
uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;uG J jym;jcif;xJupnf;vH k;jcif;
*vmwd 2;1-10 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf nDtpfudka,mifaqmif
aomolwdkYESihfywfoufí ]]a,½Ic&pftm;jzihf igwdkYcHpm;aomvTwfjcif;
tcGihfudkacsmif;Munfhí igwdkYudkuRefcHaprnftMuHESihf. . . igwdkYtxJ
odkY0ifvmonf}} (*vmwd 2;4) [kqdkonf/ c&pf,mefwdkYonf rnfonfh
t&mrsm;rSvGwfajrmufoenf;/ a,m[ef 8;31-36/ a&mr 6;6?7/
8;2?3/ *vmwd 3;23-25/ 4;7?8/ a[jAJ 2;14?15 wdkYudkzwfyg/
þvGwfvyfjcif;tppftrSefudk uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwdkif rnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;
&oenf;/
c&pf,meftawGUtêuHtjzpfazmfjyonfh vGwfvyfjcif;onf
aygvktwGuf ta&;BuD;aomt,ltqwpfckjzpfonf/ olonf þ
pum;vHk;udk tjcm;aom"r®opfa&;om;olrsm;xuf omítBudrfrsm;rsm;
toHk;ûyum? *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif ]]vGwfvyfonf}} ESihf ]]vGwfvyf
jcif;}} [laompum;vHk;rsm; tBudrfrsm;rsm;awGU&onf/ odkYaomfvnf;
c&pf,meftwGuf vGwfvyfjcif;onf c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;udkqdkvdk
onf/ bk&m;ocifudk twm;tqD;rJhudk;uG,fqnf;uyfaomtoufwm
jzihftouf&Sifjcif;onf tcGihfta&;jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf
&Sdaomoabmobm0\uRefb0rS vGwfajrmufjcif; (a&mr 6)? ynwf
w&m;\w&m;pD&ifjcif;rSvGwfajrmufjcif; (a&mr 8;1?2) ESihf aojcif;
\wefcdk;rSvGwfajrmufjcif; (1aum 15;55) wdkYyg0ifonf/
wrefawmfwdkYonf ]]ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfpyfqdkifaom {0Ha*vd
w&m;udk ayw½kütyfawmfrlonfenf;wl? ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfrpyfqdkif
aom {0Ha*vdw&m;udk ig (aygvk) ütyfawmfrlaMumif;udk odjrifMu
onf}} (*vmwd 2;7)/ þusrf;csufonf toif;awmfxJüpnf;vHk;
jcif;ESihfuGJjym;jcif;oabmobm0udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/
bk&m;ocifonf ayw½ktm; ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;xHw&m;a[majym
&ef ac:awmfrlouJhodkYyif aygvkudkwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tm; w&m;a[m
ajym&efac:awmfrlaMumif;udk wrefawmfrsm;odrSwfcJhMuonf/ þtajc
taeESpfckpvHk;wGif {0Ha*vdw&m;onf twlwlyifjzpfNyD;? odkY&mwGif
wrefawmfrsm;w&m;a[majymonfhvlrsm;tay:rlwnfí þowif;udk
a[majymcJhMuonf/ vHk;0aocsmonfrSm ]]txufygusrf;csufonf
wpfckwnf;aomowif;pum;udk wpfrlxl;jcm;pGmMum;&rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf
rwlnDaomvlrIa&;ESifh,Ofaus;rItajctaeay:rlwnfí jcm;em;aom
t&Sdef&SdaMumif;udk ta&;wBuD;todtrSwfûyjcif;jzpfonf/. . . ¤if;wpfck
wnf;jzpfjcif;onf c&pf,mefpnf;vHk;jcif;\tajctjrpftwdtusyif
jzpfum? uGJjym;jcif;xJu pnf;vHk;jcif;yifjzpfonf/}} (James D. G. Dunn,
The Epistle to the Galatians, p. 106).
uREfkyfwdkY\ ]]aysmfarGU&mt&yf}} rSxGufum w&m;a[mjcif;ESihf
oufaocHjcif;enf;vrf;rsm;udk rnfonfhtwdkif;twmjzihf vufcH&rnf
enf;/ oifhudkpdwftaESmifht,Sufûyapaom w&m;a[menf;vrf;
rsm;&Sdygovm;/ tu,fí&SdcJhaomf ¤if;wdkYrSmtb,fenf;? tb,faMumihf
oifhudkpdwftaESmihft,Sufay;um ¤if;wdkYudkvufcH&ef omípdwfoabm
xm;BuD;&rnfenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 12
tEÅdtkwtEÅdtkw
tEÅdtkwtEÅdtkwtEÅdtkw
fûrfûr
fûrfûrfûrdUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)
dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)dUuxdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifrI (*vmwd 2;11-13)
a,½k&SvifûrdUwGif aygvk\n§dEdIif;wdkifyifrIaemufwGif wrefawmf
0w¬Kü wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm; tOD;qHk;aomtoif;awmfwnf&Sdonfhae&m
ESihf aygvkomoemvkyfief;\tajcpdkuf&m[kazmfjyaom qD&D;,m;jynf
&Sd tEÅdtkwfûrdUodkY ayw½kvnfywfcJhonf/ xdkae&mwGif&SdaepOf? ayw½k
onf wpfyg;trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;ESihf vGwfvyfpGmpm;aomufcJhonf/
37 38
odkYaomfvnf; ,mukyfapvTwfonfh ,k'c&pf,mefwpfzGJUa&muf&Sdvm
aomtcg ayw½konf olwdkY\txifjrifvGJcH&rnfudkaMumuf&GHUaom
aMumihf ol\tûytrludkvHk;0ajymif;vJcJhonf/
tb,faMumihfayw½konf omíaumif;pGmodcJhoifhoenf;/
*vmwd 2;11-13 ESihf wrefawmf 10;28 udkEdIif;,SOfyg/ uREfkyfwdkY
toufwmwGif ,Ofaus;rIESihfxHk;wrf;pOfvmwdkYonf rnfrQt½dk;pGJcsKd;uyf
Edkifonfudk ol\tûytrlu rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/
vlwcsKdUu ayw½kESihftwl&Sdaomtjcm;,k'vlwdkYonf "r®a[mif;
usrf;rS oefY&Sif;aomtpmESihfroefY&Sif;aomtpmESihfywfoufonfhynwfudk
rvdkufavQmufMuawmhyg[k vGJrSm;pGm,lqMuonf/ odkY&mwGif þtcsufrSm
t"dujyóemjzpf[efrwlacs/ tu,fí ayw½kESihftm;vHk;aom,k'
c&pf,mefwdkYonf ,k'vlwdkY\tpm;tpmynwfudk pGefYvTwfcJhygaomf?
toif;awmfxJwGif BuD;rm;aomqlyltHk<urIu taotcsmvdkufvmay
vdrfhrnf/ xdkodkYjzpfvmaomf? ¤if;ESihfywfoufonfhrSwfwrf;wcsKdUtrSef
&Sdaevdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfbmrQr&Sdacs/ omíjzpfEdkifajc&SdaomjyóemrSm
wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihf pm;yGJ0dkif;zGJUrdwfo[m,zGJUjzpfjcif;jzpfonf/
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf rsm;pGmaom,k'vlwdkYonf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;
udkroefY&Sif;[k½Ijrifum? jzpfEkdiforQ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihfvlrIa&;
txdtawGUrsm;udk a&Smifaom"avh&SdaecJhonf/
ayw½kudk,fwkdif þjyóemESihf½kef;uefcJh&NyD; bk&m;ocifxHrS
vmaom ½lyg½HkuomvQif þudpöudkolYtm;&Sif;vif;pGmjrifapEkdifonf/
olYtdrfxJ0ifNyD;aemuf ayw½konf a&mrppfAdkvfaumfaevdtm; ]],k'
vljzpfaomolwdkYonf wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYESihfraygif;azmfrcsOf;uyftyf
onfudk oifwdkYodMu\/ odkYaomfvnf; npfnL;onfrpifMu,f[k
tb,foludkrQrac:&rnftaMumif; bk&m;ocifonf ightm;qHk;rjyo
awmfrlNyD}} (wref 10;28) [kajymjycJhonf/ olonf þudpöudkomí
aumif;pGmodaecJhaomfvnf; olYvlrsKd;rsm;pdwfrausreyfjzpfrnfudktvGef
aMumuf&GHUaomaMumihf 'Hk&if;tajctaeodkY jyefqdkufcJhonf/ þvkyf&yfu
,Ofaus;rIESihfxHk;wrf;pOfvmonf ayw½k\toufwmwGif rnfrQtm;BuD;
aomqGJtm;jzpfaMumif; txift&Sm;jyoonf/
odkYaomfvnf;? aygvkonf ayw½k\tûytrludk twdtus
azmfjycJhonf/ *vmwd 2;13 wGif oltoHk;ûyaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm
]]olawmfaumif;[efaqmifjcif;}} jzpfonf/ aygvkqufajymonfrSm
]]olwdkYvQKdU0Sufjcif;tm;jzihf AmeAonfvnf; olwdkYbufodkYygoGm;\}}
[líjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\vlwpfOD;xHrS tjcm;wpfOD;xHodkYajymaom
jyif;xefonfhpum;vHk;yifjzpfonf/
tb,faMumihfolawmfaumif;[efaqmif&ef vG,fulvSoenf;/
(olwpfyg;\trSm;udk&SmazG&ef pdwftm;xufoefaepOf uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwkdif
rdrdwdkY\trSm;rsm;udk rjrifcsifa,mifaqmifjcif;aMumihfr[kwfavm/)
oifhudk,fydkiftoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYaomolawmfaumif;a,mifaqmif
rIrsKd;&Sdoenf;/ omíta&;BuD;onfrSm ¤if;udkrnfuJhodkYodrSwfEdkifNyD;
tjrpfjywf&Sif;xkwf&rnfenf;/
Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 13
aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)
aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)aygvk\ylyefrI (*vmwd 2;14)
tEÅdtkwfûrdUutajctaeonf trSefyifwif;rmaeonf/
toif;awmfacgif;aqmifESpfOD;jzpfaom aygvkESihfayw½konf vlbHktv,f
rSmtjiif;yGm;aeMuonf/ ayw½konf rdrdtûytrltwGuf&Sif;jycsufay;
&ef aygvkonf wnfhwnfhyifawmif;qdkcJhonf/
ayw½ktm; vlod&SifMum;xdyfwdkufawGUjcif;twGuf aygvkonf
rnfonhftaMumif;jycsufrsm;ay;oenf;/ *vmwd 2;11-14/
39 40
aygvkjrifouJhodkYjyóemrSm ayw½konf a,½k&SvifûrdUrSvm
aomolwdkYESihf pm;aomuf&efqHk;jzwfjcif;r[kwfacs/ {nfh0wfausyGefjcif;
taMumif;a&S;"avhrSm trSefyifxdkxufru{nfh0wfûy&rnfjzpfonf/
jyóemrSm ]]rSefaom{0Ha*vdw&m;}} jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm
rdwfo[m,zGJUjcif; (odkYr[kwf) pm;aomufjcif;"avhjyóemrQom
r[kwfacs/ trSeftm;jzihf ayw½k\ûyrlyHkonf {0Ha*vdowif;wpfckvHk;
udk avQmhayghvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/
*vmwd 3;28 ESihf aumavmoJ 3;11 wdkYudkzwfyg/ þ
usrf;csufrsm;rStrSefw&m;onf aygvk\jyif;xefaomûyrlyHkudk rnfuJhodkY
em;vnfapoenf;/
a,½k&SvifûrdUü aygvkonf ayw½kESihftjcm;wrefawmfrsm;ESihf
awGUqHkpOf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;rcH,lbJ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;onf c&pfawmf
ü aumif;csD;r*Fvmtm;vHk;udkvufcH&,lEkdifaMumif; oabmwlaumufcsuf
cscJhMuNyD;jzpfonf/ ayw½k\,ckûyrljcif;onf ¤if;oabmwlnDcsufudk
xdckdufaponf/ wpfcsdefu ,k'vlc&pf,mefrsm;ESihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;
c&pf,mefwdkYonf yGifhvif;pGmrdwfo[m,zGJUqufqHcJhMuaomfvnf; ,ck
wGifrl? vlxkonfuGJoGm;um? þt&monf tem*wfwGiftoif;awmf
uGJoGm;Ekdifonfhtvm;tvmudk zefwD;ay;aeonf/
aygvk\½IaxmihfrSMunfhaomf ayw½k\tûytrlonf wpfyg;
trsKd;om;c&pf,mefrsm;onf 'kwd,tqihf,HkMunfolrsm;tqifhodkYom
a&muf&SdEdkifaMumif; oG,f0dkufjyoaeum ayw½k\tûytrlu wpfyg;
trsKd;om;wdkYonf jynfhjynfh00rdwfo[m,zGJUvdkvQif xHk;wrf;pOfvm
aemufvdkuf&rnf[laom BuD;rm;onfhzdtm;ay;aeonf[k ol,HkMunf
cJhonf/ xdkaMumihfaygvkonf ]]oifonf ,k'jzpfvsufyif ,k'xHk;pH
twdkif;rusihfbJ wpfyg;trsKd;\xHk;pHtwdkif;usihfvQif? wpfyg;trsKd;om;
wdkYonf ,k'xHk;pHtwkdif;usihfapjcif;iSm tb,faMumihfolwdkYudktEkdiftxuf
ûyoenf;}} (*vmwd 2;14) [kajymcJhonf/ ]],k'xHk;pHtwdkif;usihf}}
[laompum;pkudk ]]*sL;bmomodkYoGif;onf}} [lí wdkuf½dkufteufjyef
qdkonf/ þpum;vHk;onf ]],k'xHk;wrf;pOfvmudkcH,lonf}} [laom
t"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ ¤if;udk*sL;bk&m;ausmif;odkYoGm;NyD; ,k'xHk;pHudkusihfaom
wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udkac:qdk&mwGif toHk;ûyonf/ þtaMumif;aMumihf
aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUrSolYtm;qefYusifolwdkYjzpfaom rSm;,Gif;aom
nDtpfudkrsm;[k olac:qdkonfholrsm;udk ]*sL;bmomodkYoGwfoGif;olrsm;}}
[k rMumcPol&nfñTef;ajymqdkonf/
ayw½k\ûyrlaqmif&Gufcsufonf vGefpGmrqdk;0g;onfhtvm;
(omíaumif;pGmodoifhonfh AmeAonfvnf; xdkuJhodkYûyrlcJhayonf/
rdwfaqGtcsif;csif;zdtm;ay;jcif;onf rnfrQtm;aumif;aMumif;&Sif;pGm
jyoonfh yHkerlemjzpfonf/ uREkfyfwdkYywfvnfrSvlwdkYtm;jzihf rSm;,Gif;aom
vrf;aMumif;odkY,drf;,dkifjcif;rS rdrdudk,fudkumuG,f&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,l
Ekdifrnfenf;/
aomMum Zlvdkif 14
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]tawmfqHk;aomvlrsm;udkyifvQif? olwdkYcsnf;oufoufcsefxm;
cJhvQif pdk;&drfzG,ftrSm;rsm;ûyvkyfMuvdrfhrnf/ vlom;udk,fpm;vS,ftay:
wm0efrsm;rsm;ay;avav? qHk;jzwfcsufay;&efESihfxdef;csKyf&ef&mxl;jrihf
avav? ocifbk&m;\enf;vrf;udk *½kwpdkufrvdkufavQmufcJhvQif
pdwfESvHk;azmufjyefap&ef omíBuD;rm;aomxdcdkufepfemrIûyvkyfavav
jzpfrnf/ tEÅdtkwfûrdUwGif ayw½konf ½kd;om;ajzmihfrwfjcif;t&mü
us½HI;cJhonf/ aygvkonf ol\vGJrSm;aomMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIudk rsufESm
41 42
csif;qdkifawmihfcH&onf/ þjzpf&yfudkrSwfwrf;wifjcif;rSm tjcm;olrsm;
\tusKd;twGufjzpfum &mxl;BuD;aomolwdkYonf ½dk;om;ajzmihfrwfjcif;
ürus½HI;bJ? tajccHpnf;rsOf;udkapmihfxdef;&efvdktyfaMumif; av;av;eufeuf
owday;t&mtjzpf oifcef;pm,lEdkifonf}} (E. G. White, The SDA Bible
Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1108).
-0-
oifcef;pm (4)oifcef;pm (4)oifcef;pm (4)oifcef;pm (4)oifcef;pm (4)
,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomajzmihfrwfjcif;
Zlvdkif 15 - 21Zlvdkif 15 - 21Zlvdkif 15 - 21Zlvdkif 15 - 21Zlvdkif 15 - 21
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 15Zlvdkif 15Zlvdkif 15Zlvdkif 15Zlvdkif 15
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 2;15-21/ {zuf 2;12/ zdvdyÜd
3;9/ a&mr 3;10-20/ urÇm 15;5?6/ a&mr 3;8/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/
]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/]]igonf c&pfawmfESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmtaocHNyD/
odkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdif
odkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdifodkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonfudk,fwkdif
r&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sif
r&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/ udk,fcE¨mü,ckig&Sif
aomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
aomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfaomtoufonf bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
wnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmf
wnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmfwnf\/ om;awmfonf ighudkcspfí ightzdkYudk,fudkudk,fpGefYawmf
rl\rl\
rl\rl\rl\
}}}}
}}}}}} (*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/
(*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/ (*vmwd 2;20)/
vGefcJhaomtywfwGifavhvmcJhouJhodkY aygvkonf ayw½kudk
oltm;ay;onfh,HkMunfjcif;ESihf olazmfjyonfhtûytrltMum; a½SUaemuf
nDñGwfjcif;r&Sdjcif;aMumihf vlod&SifMum;xdyfwdkufawGUcJhonf/ ,cif
,HkMunfolr[kwfaom wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;ESihfrpm;aomufawmh&ef
ayw½k\qHk;jzwfcsufonf ,HkMunfolwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;onf tjrihf
qHk;taejzihf 'kwd,wef;pm;c&pf,mefrsm;omjzpfEkdifaMumif;azmfjy&ma&muf
onf/ tu,fí olwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\rdom;pk0ifjzpf&efESihf tjynfh
t0rdwfo[m,zGJUjcif;r*Fvmudk cHpm;vdkcsifcJhaomf? olwdkYonf tvsif
OD;qHk;ta&zsm;vSD;&rnf[laomt"dyÜg,frsKd; ayw½k\tûytrluazmfjy
aeonf/
43 44
xdkwif;rmaomtajctaewGif aygvkonf ayw½ktm;trSef
wu,frnfonfht&majymoenf;/ þtywfoifcef;pmwGif jzpfysuf
cJhonfht&mtusOf;udk uREfkyfwdkYavhvmMuygrnf/ þusrf;ydk'fonf
"r®opfusrf;ü twkdqHk;csKH;aompum;vHk;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;onfh usrf;ydk'f
wpfckjzpfum? ¤if;onf vGefpGmta&;ygt&ma&mufonf/ tb,faMumihf
qdkaomf ¤if;usrf;ydk'fonf {0Ha*vdw&m;ESihf usefaom*vmwdMo0g'pm
udkem;vnfEkdif&ef tajccHusaompum;vHk;rsm;ESihfpum;pkrsm;udk uREfkyf
wdkYtm;tvsifqHk;rdwfqufay;ygonf/ ¤if;t"dupum;vHk;rsm;wGif
ajzmihfrwfjcif;? ynwfw&m;\tusihf? ,HkMunfrIESihf,HkMunfjcif;omru
c&pfawmf\,HkMunfjcif;yifyg0ifonf/
þa0g[m&rsm;tm;jzihf aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdk
oenf;/ ¤if;wdkYonf u,fwifjcif;pDrHudef;taMumif;udk rnfuJhodkY
azmfjyoenf;/
we*FaEG Zlvdkif 16 Zlvdkif 16 Zlvdkif 16 Zlvdkif 16 Zlvdkif 16
]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)
]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} ta&;jyóem (*vmwd 2;15?16)
*vmwd 2;15 wGif ]]tjypfxif&Sm;aomwpfyg;trsKd;om;r[kwf
bJ? ZmwdtrsKd;tm;jzihf ,k'vljzpfMuonf}} (ESV) [ka&;om;onf/
rnfonfhtcsufazmfjyonf[k oifxifygoenf;/
aygvk\pum;vHk;rsm;udk tajctaejzpf&yfay:rlwnfí em;vnf
&efvdktyfonf/ olYtazmf,k'c&pf,mefwdkYudk rdrd\&yfwnfcsufüqGJ,l
&efêud;pm;&mü aygvkonf olwdkYvufcHEkdifrnfh,k'vlwdkYESihf wpfyg;
trsKd;om;wdkYtMum; xHk;wrf;pOfvmt&mjcm;em;jcif;ESihftpûycJhonf/
,k'vlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifa&G;cs,faomtrsKd;? ynwfawmfudkay;tyf
aomvlrsKd;jzpfum? udk,fawmfESihfy#dnmOfqufqHa&;tusKd;aus;Zl;udk
cHpm;olrsm;jzpfMuonf/ odkY&mwGif wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf tjypfom;
rsm;jzpfMuonf/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfonf olwdkY\tûytrludk
csKyfxdef;jcif;r&SdbJ? y#dnmOfESihfqdkifaomuwdawmfrsm;\jyifywGif&Sdae
olrsm;jzpfMuonf ({zuf 2;12/ a&mr 2;14)/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkY
onf ododomom ]]tjypfom;rsm;}} jzpfaepOf? tcef;i,f (16) wGif
aygvkonf ,k'vlc&pf,mefwdkYtm; olwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tcGihfxl;aMumihf
bk&m;ociftwGuf olwdkYonf omívufcHEkdifzG,f&mr[kwfaMumif;?
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ]]ynwfw&m;tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;
ra&mufaMumif;udk owday;cJhonf/
aygvkonf ]]ajzmihfrwfonf}} [laompum;vHk;udk *vmwd
2;16?17 wGif av;BudrftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} \t"dyÜg,f
um;tb,fenf;/ xGuf 23;7 ESihf w&m;a[m 25;1 wdkYudkqifjcifyg/
]]ajzmihfrwfaponf}} [laomBud,mrSm aygvktwGuft"du
a0g[m&jzpfonf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;udk "r®opfusrf;wGif 39 Budrfazmfjy
onfhteuf? 27 Budrfudk aygvk\pmwGifawGU&onf/ olonf ¤if;udk
*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif &SpfBudrfazmfjyum *vmwd 2;16?17 wGifav;Budrf
yg&Sdonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;}} [laompum;vHk;onf Oya'qdkif&ma0g[m&
jzpfum? w&m;½Hk;wGiftoHk;ûyonf/ ¤if;rSm w&m;olBuD;onf w&m;pGJ
cH&aomw&m;cHtm; tjypfr&Sd[kpD&ifcsufcsrSwfjcif;ESihfoufqdkifonf/
¤if;rSm ]]tjypf'PfcsrSwfcH&jcif;}} ESihfqefYusifbufjzpfonf/ xdkYjyif
ru? ]]w&m;rQwaom}} ESihf ]]ajzmihfrwfaom}} [laompum;vHk;wdkYonf
Greek pum;vHk;wpfckwnf;rSqif;oufum? vlwpfOD;tm; ]]w&m;rQw
aponf}} [kajymqdk&mwGif xdkoltm; ]]ajzmihfrwf}} oltjzpfrSwf,l
onf[laomt"dyÜg,f&onf/ xdkaMumihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;? tjypfcGifhvTwf
jcif;xufruacs/ ¤if;rSm vlwpfOD;udkajzmihfrwfoltjzpf aMunmjcif;
jzpfonf/
45 46
odkY&mwGif wcsKdUaom,HkMunfol,k'vlwdkYtwGufrl ajzmihfrwf
jcif;onf &if;ESD;qufET,frIvnf;jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf bk&m;ocifESihf
ol\y#dnmOfü qufqHa&;ESihfqufEGT,frI&Sdonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfaponf}}
[kqdk&mwGif tmjA[H\rdom;pkjzpfaom bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfESihfqdkif
aomtodkuft0ef;wGif vlwpfOD;tm;opöm&SdaomtzGJU0iftjzpf rSwf,l
jcif;udkqdkvdkonf/
*vmwd 2;15-17 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf oifhtm;rnfonfh
t&mudkajymaeoenf;/ NyD;aemuf ¤if;pum;vHk;rsm;udk oifhudk,fydkif
c&pf,meftoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYtoHk;csoenf;/
wevFm Zlvdkif 17
ynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih f
ynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih fynwfw&m;\tusih f
vlwpfOD;onf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf
&modkYra&mufaMumif;udk aygvkonf *vmwd 2;16 wGif oHk;Budrf
ajymqdkonf/ ]]ynwf&m;\tusihf}} [kqdk&m olonf rnfonfht&m
udkqdkvdkoenf;/ þusrf;csufrsm; (*vmwd 2;16?17/ 3;2?5?10/
a&mr 3;20?28) onf ol\t"dyÜg,fudkem;vnf&ef rnfuJhodkYulnD
ay;oenf;/
]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pk\t"dyÜg,fudkravhvm
rD? ]]ynwf}} [kajym&mwGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mqdkvdkonfudk
tvsifem;vnf&efvdktyfonf/ ]]ynwf}} [laompum;vHk;udk aygvk
\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif 121 BudrfawGU&SdEkdifonf/ ¤if;ynwfonf rdrdvl
wdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmftygt0if? arma&Sa&;aomyxr
ig;usrf;? "r®a[mif;usrf;wpfckvHk; (odkYr[kwf) taxGaxGtajccHpnf;rsOf;
yifvQif rsm;pGmaomjcm;em;onfht&mrsm;udk &nfñTef;Ekdifonf/ odkYaomf
jim;vnf; ¤if;udkaygvkt"duoHk;onfhenf;rSm arma&SrSwpfqifh rdrdvl
wdkYxHay;aom bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfaygif;csKyfwpfckvHk;udk &nfñTef;
jcif;jzpfonf/
xdkaMumihf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pkwGif ynwf
awmf (10) yg;jzpfap? 0denf;xHk;zGJUjcif;ESihfqdkifaomynwfrsm;jzpfap?
bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomynwfcsufrsm;ü awGU&aomjyXmef;csuftm;vHk;
yg0if[ef&Sdonf/ aygvk\qdkvdk&if;rSm wpfpHkwpfOD;onf bk&m;ocif
\ynwfcsufudkvdkufavQmufem;axmif&ef rnfrQyifêud;pm;aomfvnf;?
uREfkyfwdkY\em;axmifvdkufavQmufjcif;onf bk&m;ocifu uREfkyfwdkYtm;
tjypfvTwf&efaomfvnf;aumif;? bk&m;ocifa½SUwGif uREfkyfwdkYajzmihfrwf
oltjzpfaMunm&efaomfvnf;aumif; b,faomtcgrQaumif;rGefvHkavmuf
rIr&Sdacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf udk,fawmf\ynwfawmfonf tcsdef
umvwpfavQmufvHk;wGif ynwfcsufrsm;tm;vHk;udk pdwftm;jzihfvnf;
aumif;? tûytrltm;jzihfvnf;aumif; vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;opömapmifh&ef
awmif;qdkaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} [laompum;pkudk "r®a[mif;usrf;ESihf
aygvkrSty tjcm;aom"r®opfusrf;wGifrawGU&aomfjim;vnf; c&pfawmf
tcsdefütouf&Sifaom Essenes [kac:onfh ,k'vlwpfpkul;,lcJhaom
Dead Sea Scrolls [kac:aom pmaypmvdyftpktyHkudk 1947 ckESpfwGif
awGU&Sdjcif;ESihftwl ¤if;\qdkvdk&if;t"dyÜg,fudk tHhbeef;twnfûycsuf
xGufay:vmcJhonf/ a[jAJbmomjzihfa&;om;xm;aomfvnf; þpum;pk
twdtusudk pmvdyfwpfckwGifyg&Sdonf/ ¤if;pmvdyf\acgif;pOfrSm Miqsat
Ma’ as Ha-Torah jzpfNyD;? ]]ta&;BuD;aomynwfw&m;\tusihfrsm;}}
[lí bmomjyefqdkEkdifonf/ ¤if;pmvdyfwGif ,k'vlwdkYonf wpfyg;
trsKd;om;rsm;xHrScGJjcm;ae&rnf[laomtcsuftygt0if oefY&Sif;aom
t&mrsm;udk rpifMu,fjcif;rSumuG,fjcif;ESihfqdkifaom or®musrf;pmynwf
csufrsm;tay:tajccHonfh rsm;pGmaomta&;udpörsm;udkazmfjyonf/
47 48
tqHk;wGif pma&;olonf ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihfrsm;}} udkvdkufavQmuf
cJhaomf? bk&m;ocif\a½SUwGif ]]oifhtm;ajzmihfrwfoltjzpfrSwf,lrnf
[k a&;om;xm;onf/ aygvkESihfjcm;em;NyD; pma&;olonf rdrd\pmzwf
y&dowfwdkYudk ,HkMunfjcif;ay:tajcrcHbJ tvkyftay:tajccHNyD;
ajzmihfrwfjcif;w&m;udkurf;vSrf;xm;onf/
oif\toufwmwGif bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudk rnfrQ
aumif;rGefpGmapmihfxdef;oenf;/ oifonf ynwfawmfudkaumif;pGm
apmihfxdef;aomaMumihf bk&m;ocifa½SUwGif ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&SdEkdifonf[k
trSefwu,fcHpm;zl;ygovm;/ (a&mr 3;10-20 udkzwfyg/) tu,fí
xdkodkYr[kwfygaomf oifhtajzonf aygvk\qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkY
em;vnfapEkdifoenf;/
t*Fg Zlvdkif 18
uREf kyfwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccH
uREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccHuREf ky fwd k Yajzmih frwfjcif;\tajccH
]]ynwfw&m;tm;jzihf&aomudk,fajzmihfrwfjcif;udkrudk;pm;bJ?
c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomajzmihfrwfjcif;udk
udk;pm;Muavmh}} (zdvdyÜd 3;11? NKJV )/
c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;onfta&;rBuD;[k ,k'vlc&pf,mef
wdkYtqdkûyMuonf[k uREfkyfwdkYr,lqtyfay/ trSefwu,folwdkYtm;vHk;
onf a,½Iudk,HkMunfolrsm;jzpfMuonf/ olwdkYtm;vHk;udk,fawmfü
,HkMunfjcif;&SdMuonf/ odkY&mwGif olwdkY\tûytrlu ,HkMunfjcif;
oufoufonf vHkavmufrIr&Sd[lívnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkY\em;axmif
jcif;onf ajzmihfrwfjcif;odkYa&mufEkdif&ef xyfaygif;ay;onfht&mtvm;
,HkMunfjcif;udkem;axmifjcif;jzihf jznfhpGuf&rnf[lívnf;aumif; olwdkY
cHpm;cJhMuonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk ,HkMunfjcif;ESihftusihfwdkYtm;jzihf&&Sd
onf[k olwdkYjiif;qdkMuonf/ c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;ESihf ynwf
w&m;\tusihfwdkYrwlnDonfhtcsufudk aygvkonf tBudrfBudrfEdIif;,SOf
yHkonf ]],HkMunfjcif;ESihftusihf}} ESpfckpvHk;ygonf[laom csOf;uyfrI
rsKd;udk jyif;pGmqefYusifaMumif;jyonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;wpfckwnf;onf
omvQif ajzmihfrwfjcif;\tajccHjzpfonf/
aygvktwGufvnf;yJ ,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwful;oufouf
t,ltqrQomr[kwfacs/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf cGJr&atmifa,½IESihf
qufET,faeonf/ trSefrSm *vmwd 2;16 wGif ]]c&pfawmfudk,HkMunf
jcif;}} [k ESpfBudrfbmomjyefqkdaompum;pkxuf rnfonfhbmomjyefqdk
csufurQ omít"dyÜg,fjynfhpHkrIr&Sdacs/ ¤if;pum;pk\rl&if; Greek
pum;pkonf ]]xdk,HkMunfjcif;}} (odkYr[kwf) a,½I\ ]]opömapmihfjcif;}}
[k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ þwdkuf½dkufbmomjyefqdkrIonf uREfkyf
wdkYvkyfaqmifonfhynwfw&m;tusihfESihf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf rdrd\opöm
apmihfodjcif;tm;jzihf vkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomuREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm; c&pfawmf
aqmif&GufawmfrlcsufwdkYtMum; jcm;em;csufudk aygvkonf tm;aumif;
aumif;jzihfEdIif;,SOfcsufudkjyonf/
,HkMunfjcif;onf ¤if;udk,fwdkifukodkvfaumif;rIjzpfonfhtvm;?
,HkMunfjcif;onf olYudk,folajzmihfrwfjcif;ürxnfhaygif;onfudk owd&
&efta&;BuD;onf/ xdktpm;? ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfESihfol\
uREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm;vkyfaqmifcsufwdkYudk uREfkyfwdkYqkyfudkifEkdifonf/ uREfkyf
wdkYonf rdrd\,HkMunfjcif;udktajccHNyD; ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufonf
r[kwfbJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf rdrdwdkYtwGufuREfkyfwdkYawmif;qdkonfh uREfkyf
wdkYtwGuf c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;tay:wGifomtajccHonf/
c&pfawmfonf rnfolurQrpGrf;aqmifEdkifonfht&mudk vkyfaqmif
awmfrlcJhum? ¤if;rSm olvkyfaqmifawmfrlorQwGif udk,fawmfwpfyg;
wnf;onf bk&m;ocifxHwGifopöm&Sdonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\arQmfvihfcsuf
onf uREfkyfwdkY\opömapmihfjcif;r[kwfbJ? c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;
49 50
F- 4
üom&Sdonf/ þt&monf vGefcJhaom&mpkESpfrsm;pGmu rmwifvlom
pwifa[mMum;onfhtcsdefuuJhodkY ,aeYwGifvnf; ta&;ygaomor®m
w&m;jzpfonf/ bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;udk pwifarG;zGm;ay;cJhaom
or®mw&m;yifjzpfonf/
*vmwd 2;16 udk a&S;qD;&D;,m;bmomjyefqdkcsufonf aygvk
\qdkvdk&if;udkaumif;pGmazmfjyonf/ xdkaMumihf vlwpfOD;onf ynwf
w&m;\tusihftm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYra&muf? ar&Sd,jzpfaoma,½I
\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufaMumif; igwdkYodMu\/
ynwfw&m;\tusihftm;jzihfr[kwfbJ? ar&Sd,\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf&rnftaMumif; ar&Sd,a,½Iudk igwdkY,HkMunf
Mu\}} [líjzpfonf/
a&mr 3;22?26/ *vmwd 3;22/ {zuf 3;12 ESihf zdvdyÜd 3;9
wdkYudkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrsm;ESihftxufygpmydk'fonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf
c&pfawmf\opömapmihfjcif;? bk&m;ocif\pum;udktjynfht0em;axmif
jcif;onfom uREfkyfwdkYu,fwifjcif;\tajccHjzpfonf[laom tHhzG,f
or®mw&m;udk rnfuJhodkYem;vnfapoenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 19
,HkMunfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;
,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;,H k Munfem;axmifjcif;
,HkMunfjcif;onf c&pf,meftoufwmtwGuf tajctjrpf
taotcsmjzpfaMumif; aygvk&Sif;vif;jyonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
c&pfawmfü&Sdaomuwdawmfrsm;udk uREfkyfwdkYqkyfudkifEkdifonf/ odkYaomf
,HkMunfjcif;onf twdtusrnfonfht&mjzpfoenf;/ rnfonfht&m
yg0ifoenf;/
atmufygusrf;csufrsm;onf ,HkMunfjcif;\rlvtptaMumif;
udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/ urÇm 15;5?6/ a,m[ef 3;14-16/
2aum 5;14?15/ *vmwd 5;6/
ppfrSefaomor®musrf;vm,HkMunfjcif;onf tjrJwrf;bk&m;ocif
udkwHkYjyefjcif;jzpfonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocifawmif;qdkaom
aMumihf wpfaeYwpfcsdefwGif&,lrnf[k vlom;\qHk;jzwfcsufcsonfhcHpm;rI
(odkYr[kwf) pdwfaeoabmxm;r[kwfacs/ þtcsuf\tjcm;wpfzufwGif
rl? rSefuefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\aumif;jrwfjcif;udk
aus;Zl;wifjcif;ESihf cspfjcif;arwåmjzihfwHkYjyefaompdwfESvHk;rStpûyonf/
xdkaMumihf or®musrf;pmonf ,HkMunfjcif;taMumif;ajymvmvQif?
xdk,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\yPmrajcvSrf;rsm;udktjrJvdkufonf/
Oyrm? tmjA[H\udpöwGif ,HkMunfjcif;onf olYtm;bk&m;ocifay;awmf
rlaom tHhzG,fuwdawmfrsm;udk ol\jyefvnfwHkYjyefrIjzpfonf (urÇm
15;5?6)/ "r®opfusrf;wGif aygvku ,HkMunfjcif;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdif
ay:wGif uREfkyfwdkYtwGufc&pfawmfvkyfaqmifawmfrlcJhonfht&mudk uREfkyf
wdkYem;vnfoabmaygufjcif;wGif tajctjrpfwG,fonf[kajymqdkonf/
tu,fí ,HkMunfjcif;onf bk&m;ocifudkwHkYjyefjcif;jzpfaomf
¤if;wHkYjyefrIwGif rnfonfht&myg0ifoenf;/ atmufygusrf;csufrsm;rS
,HkMunfjcif;\oabmobm0taMumif;azmfjycsufudkqifjcifyg/ a,m[ef
8;32?36/ wref 10;43/ a&mr 1;5?8/ 6;17/ a[jAJ 11;6/
,mukyf 2;19/
vltrsm;u ,HkMunfjcif; (faith) udk ]],HkMunfcsuf}} (belief)
[kteufjyefqdkMuonf/ þteufjyefqdkrIwGifjyóem&Sdaeonf/ tb,f
aMumihfqdkaomf ]],HkMunfjcif;}} \rlv Greek pum;vHk;onf tvG,f
wulyif ]],HkMunfonf}} [laomBud,m\emrfjzpfonf/ enf;yHkpHwpfck
udktoHk;ûyNyD; tjcm;wpfckudkteufjyefqdkaomf ]],HkMunfjcif;onf,HkMunf
jcif;&Sdjcif;jzpfonf}} [k ajymqdkjcif;ESihfwlayvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;rSm t"dyÜg,f
r&Sdacs/
51 52
or®musrf;pmudkaocsmpGmqef;ppfvQif ,HkMunfjcif;onfbk&m;ocif
taMumif;udk OD;aESmuf\todomru? ¤if;todudk pdwfESvHk;rSoabmwl
vufcHjcif;vnf;yg0ifonf/ þt&mrSm bk&m;ociftaMumif;udk
wdwdususyHkazmfjcif;onf tvGefta&;BuD;aMumif;jyoonfhtaMumif;
&if;wpfckjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\pm&dwåawmfudk trSeftwdkif;yHkazmfEkdif
jcif;r&SdvQif trSefwu,fyif,HkMunfjcif;&Sdap&ef ydkrdkcufcJapEkdifonf/
odkY&mwGif {0Ha*vdw&m;udk OD;aESmuftodOmPfjzihfoabmwljcif;onf
rvHkavmufacs/ taMumif;rSm þt&mü ]]ewfqdk;rsm;yif,HkMunfMu
onf/}} ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf vlwpfOD;\touf&SifaexdkifyHkudk
vnf; tusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/ a&mr 1;7 wGif aygvkonf
]],HkMunfem;axmifjcif;}} taMumif;udka&;om;onf/ aygvku em;axmif
jcif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;ESihftwlwljzpfonf[k ajymaejcif;r[kwfyg/
olqdkvdkonfrSm ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwfESvHk;rQomru?
vlwpfOD;\toufwmwpfckvHk;udk oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;
wGif vkdufem&rnfhpnf;urf;pm&if;ryg&SdbJ uREfkyfwdkY\ocif? u,fwif&Sif
a,½Ic&pfawmfxH,HkMunftyfESHjcif;yg0ifonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;onf uREkfyf
wdkY,HkMunfonfht&muJhodkY uREfkyfonf rnfonfht&mudkûyvkyfonf?
rnfodkYtouf&Sifonf? rnfolYudk,HkMunfonfwdkYrSm ta&;ygvSonf/
Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 20
,HkMunfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;
,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;,Hk Munfjcif;onftjypfud ktm;ay;ovm;
aygvkudkt"dupGyfpGJcsufwpfckrSm ol\,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom
ajzmihfrwf&ma&mufonf[laom {0Ha*vdw&m;onf vlwdkYtm;tjypfûy
&eftm;ay;onf[líjzpfonf (a&mr 3;8/ 6;1 udkzwfyg)/ bk&m;ocif
vufoifhcH&ef vlwdkYonf ynwfawmfapmihf&efrvdktyfcJhaomf tb,f
aMumihfolwdkYonf rnfodkYtouf&Sifonfta&;udpöü ylyef&rnfenf;
[lí tjypfwifolrsm;&SdaMumif;jyMuonf/ vlomonfvnf; tvm;wl
pGyfpGJcsufrsm;udk&ifqdkifcJh&onf/
,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom ajzmihfrwf&ma&mufonf[laom,HkMunf
csufonf tjypftûytrludktm;ay;onf[laompGyfpGJcsufudk aygvk
onf rnfuJhodkYwHkYjyefoenf;/ *vmwd 2;17?18/
aygvkonf olY&efbufrsm;\pGyfpGJcsufudk ]]xdkodkYrjzpf&m}}
[laom jyif;xefonfhpum;vHk;rsm;jzihfwHkYjyefonf/ vlwpfOD;onf
c&pfawmfxHodkYa&mufvmNyD;aemufydkif; tjypfw&m;xJodkYusa&mufEkdifajc
&Sdaomfvnf;? c&pfawmfü þt&mtwGufwm0efvHk;0r&Sdacs/ tu,fí
uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfawmfudkusL;vGefcJhaomf? uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwkdif ynwf
csKd;azmufolrsm;jzpfonf/
aygvkonf rdrd\a,½Ic&pfawmfESihfaygif;pnf;jcif;udk rnfuJhodkY
azmfjyoenf;/ olY&efbufrsm;\uefYuGufcsufrsm;udk þtajzurnfonfh
enf;jzihfacsyoenf;/ (*vmwd 2;19-21)/
rdrd&efbufrsm;\taMumif;jycsufudk ,kwådr&Sd? &,farmzG,f&m
omjzpfonf[k aygvk½Ijrifonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfudkvufcH
jcif;onf tao;tzGJr[kwfyg/ vlwpfOD;\touf&SifaexdkifyHkwGif
ppfrSefaomajymif;vJrIr&SdbJ? bk&m;ocifonf xdkoludkajzmihfrwfoltjzpf
rSwf,lawmfrlonf[laom ,Hkwrf;pum;rsKd;r[kwfacs/ tjcm;wpfzuf
rSm? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf c&pfawmfudkvufcHjcif;onf vGefpGmtajccHus
onf/ ¤if;wGif c&pfawmfESihftjynfht0aygif;pnf;jcif;jzpfaom udk,fawmf
\aojcif;ESihfxajrmufjcif;ESpfckpvHk;wGif aygif;pnf;jcif;yg0ifonf/
0dnmOfydkif;t&ajym&vQif aygvku uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfESihftwl
taoowfcH&NyD;? uREfkyfwdkY\wpfudk,faumif;qef? twåwdkYonf
tqHk;owfNyD[kajymqdkonf (a&mr 6;5-14)/ uREfkyfwdkYonf twdwfu
tjypfESihfvHk;0uGJoGm;NyDjzpfonf/ t&m&monftopfjzpfvmonf
53 54
(2aum 5;17)/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfütopfaomtoufwmjzihf
xajrmufNyD;vnf;jzpfonf/ xajrmufawmfrlaomc&pfawmfonf uREfkyf
wdkYtxJütouf&Sifum? udk,fawmfESihfomíomíwlatmif uREfkyfwdkYtm;
aeYpOfûyjyifawmfrlonf/
xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;onf tjypfûyvkyf&eftaMumif;
jycsufr[kwfbJ? ynwfw&m;udktajccHonfhbmomw&m;wGifawGU&onf
xuf omíeufeJ<u,f0aomc&pfawmfESihfqufqHa&;twGuf ac:awmf
rljcif;jzpfonf/
ynwfw&m;tusihfrygbJ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom u,fwif
jcif;&onf[laomt,ltqudk rnfuJhodkYoifem;vnfoenf;/ ¤if;onf
oifhtm;tjypfûy&ef taMumif;jycsufjzpfEkdifaMumif; oifpOf;pm;&mwGif
tenf;i,frQaMumuf&GHUrI&Sdovm;? (odkYr[kwf) oifaysmfygovm;/
oifhtajzonf oif\u,fwifjcif;taMumif;em;vnfoabmaygufrI
udk rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/
aomMum Zlvdkif 21
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
xyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&efxyfqif havhvm&ef
]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkrSm;,Gif;aomt,ltqjzihf
vlwdkYtm;ajzazsmfjcif;\tEÅ&m,fudk uRefrtm; tBudrfBudrfjyocJhNyD;jzpf
onf/ pmwefonf txl;enf;vrf;jzihf þtcsufay:vlwkdYpdwfudk½IyfaxG;
ap&ef vkyfaqmifrnfjzpfaMumif; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuRefrtm; jyoawmfrl
NyD;jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudk vGefpGmawG;awmNyD; y&dowf
tm;tvGeftuRHwifqufaejcif;aMumihf um£e\,ZfuJhodkY a,½I
c&pfawmfESihfol\ynwfawmf&Sif;jycsufwdkYudkodaomtod uif;rJhvkrwwf
jzpfvmonf/ u,fwifjcif;ESihfqdkifaom a&maESm½IyfaxG;onfht,ltq
rsm;aMumihf vltrsm;onf ,HkMunfjcif;rSa0;uGmae&aMumif; uRefrudk
jyoawmfrlcJhNyD/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf w&m;a[mq&mrsm;onf rSm;,Gif;
aomenf;vrf;jzihf vlwdkYpdwfESvHk;udkvSnfhjzm;aeMuaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
uRefr\pdwfxJwGif ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtjiif;yGm;aeaomtcsufrSm c&pfawmf
\ay;tyfonfhajzmihfrwfjcif;jzpfonf/. . .
]]us½HI;aomvlom;\taumif;qHk; aumif;aomtvkyftm;jzihf
vHk;0r&&SdEkdifonfhaumif;rIwpfckcktay: omíav;eufpGmudkifqGJ&efvnf;
aumif;? rMumcPxyfíajymqdk&efvnf;aumif;? (odkYr[kwf) vltm;vHk;
\pdwfxJwGif omíjrJjrHpGmwnfaxmif&ef vdktyfonfhtaMumif;jycsuf
r&Sdacs/ u,fwifjcif;onf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfom
&&Sdonf}} (E. G. White, Faith and Work, pp. 18,19).
]]ynwfw&m;onf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkawmif;qdkonf/ xdkaMumihf
tjypfom;onf ynwfw&m;udkta<u;wifaeonf/ odkY&mwGif olonf
xdkta<u;udkay;qyfEkdifjcif;r&Sday/ olonf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk&&SdEkdifaom
enf;vrf;wpfckwnf;rSm ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfjzpfonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;
tm;jzihfolonf c&pfawmf\aumif;rIudk bk&m;ocifxH,lvmEkdifum?
xdktcgxm0&bk&m;onf rdrdom;awmf\em;axmifjcif;udk tjypfom;
\pm&if;wGifxnfhwGufay;awmfrlonf/ c&pfawmf\ajzmihfrwfjcif;udk
vlom;\us½HI;jcif;ae&mwGifvufcHum? NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocifonf
aemifw&aom,HkMunfoludk vufcH? tjypfvTwf? ajzmihfrwfapí olYtm;
ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkYqufcHNyD; xdkoltm; rdrdom;awmfudkcspfouJhodkY
cspfawmfrlonf}} (E. G. White, Selected Messages, book 1, p. 367).
-0-
55 56
oifcef;pm (5)oifcef;pm (5)oifcef;pm (5)oifcef;pm (5)oifcef;pm (5)
"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;"r®a[mif;usrf;rS,HkMunfjcif;
Zlvdkif 22 - 28Zlvdkif 22 - 28Zlvdkif 22 - 28Zlvdkif 22 - 28Zlvdkif 22 - 28
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 22Zlvdkif 22Zlvdkif 22Zlvdkif 22Zlvdkif 22
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 3;1-14/ a&mr 1;2/ 4;3/ urÇm
15;6/ 12;1-3/ 0wfûy 17;11/ 2aum 5;21/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]]]
]]]]]]opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&
opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&opfwdkifüqGJxm;jcif;udkcH&aomolwdkif; usdefjcif;udkcH&
aomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonf
aomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonfaomoljzpfonf[k usrf;pmvmonfESih ftnD c&pfawmfonf
igwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwf
igwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwfigwdkYtwGufaMumihf usdefjcif;udkcH&aomoljzpfí igwdkYudkynwf
w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/
w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/w&m;\usdefjcif;rS a&G;EkwfawmfrlNyD}} (*vmwd 3;13)/
a,musfm;av;wpfa,mufonf a&mifpHktjynfhjc,fNyD; vSypGm
wyfqifxm;aomavSuav;wpfckudkûyvkyfcJhonf/ wpfaeYrSm wpfpHk
wpfOD;onf olYavSudkcdk;cJhum olonf pdwfaomua&mufcJh&onf/
taygifqdkifa½SUudkwpfaeYjzwfoGm;&m olYavSudkawGUvdkufonf/ aysmf&Tif
pGmajy;oGm;NyD; taygifqdkif&Siftm; ]]tJ'DavSuav;uom;om;avS}} [k
ajymcJhonf/ taygifqdkif&Sifu ]]'gOD;OD;[m? OD;0,fxm;wm}} [kjyefajz
onf/ aumif;av;u ]][kwfygw,f? 'gayr,fhtJ'gom;[m? om;vkyf
wm}} [kajymjyefonf/ taygifqdkif&Sifu ]]aumif;NyD? OD;udkESpfa':vm
ay;&if om;jyef,loGm;vdkU&w,f}} [kjyefajzcJhonf/ wpfjym;rQr&Sdaom
aumifav;tzdkY ¤if;aiGyrmPmrSmtvGefrsm;aeonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap?
olonfavSudkjyef&,l&efqHk;jzwfum olonfjruf&dwf? a0,sm0pörsKd;pHkudk
vkyfudkifNyD; rMumrDydkufqH&&SdvmchJonf/
taygifqdkifodkYajy;oGm;NyD;? ]]om;om;avSudkjyefvdkcsifw,f}} [k
ajymcJhonf/ aiGudkay;um? rdrd\avSudk&,lcJhonf/ avSudk,lNyD;vuf
rSmwif? ayGUzuf? terf;ay;um}} om;om;jrwfEdk;wJhavSuav;&,f?
rif;udkigcspfw,f? rif;[mighOpömbJ/ rif;uESpfBudrfigh[mjzpfaew,f/
rif;udkigûyvkyfw,f? NyD;awmhtckrif;udkig0,fw,f}} [kajymcJhonf/
uREfkyfwdkYvnf; þenf;eifeifyifjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf
uREfkyfwdkYonf xm0&bk&m;ydkifESpfBudrfjzpf&onf/ udk,fawmfonfuREfkyf
wdkYudkzefqif;um? xdkaemuf ewfqdk;\taygifqdkifodkYa&mufoGm;cJhonf/
NyD;aemuf a,½Ionf<uqif;vmum a&TaiGtm;jzihfr[kwf? rdrd\tzdk;wef
taoG;awmftm;jzihf BuD;rm;aomwefzdk;ay;um uREfkyfwdkYtm;0,f,lawmf
rlcJhygonf/ zefqif;jcif;tm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? a&G;Ekwfjcif;tm;jzihfvnf;
aumif; uREfkyfwdkYonf udk,fawmfydkifESpfBudrfjzpfMu&onf/ (William
Moses, Tidwell, Pointed Illustration, p. 97).
we*FaEG Zlvdkif 23 Zlvdkif 23 Zlvdkif 23 Zlvdkif 23 Zlvdkif 23
ynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k Y
ynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k YynmrJ haom*vmwdvlwd k Y
*vmwd 3;1-5 ukdzwfyg/ aygvkonf olwdkYtm;ajymaom
t&mudk tusOf;csKH;yg/ rnfonfhenf;vrf;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf
tvm;wl0dnmOfa&;tEÅ&m,f? ynwfonfomt"du0g'xJodkY usa&muf
oGm;Ekdifoenf;/
]]ynmrJhaom}} *vmwdvlwdkYtaMumif; tcef;i,f 1 rSaygvk
oHk;aompum;vHk;\t"dyÜg,fudktrdzrf;&ef acwfopfbmomjyefqdkrIrsm;
pGmjzihf êud;pm;Muonf/ Greek vdkaygvktoHk;ûyaompum;vHk;trSefrSm
xdkxufyifjyif;xefaeao;onf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;rSm anoetoi jzpfNyD;? pdwfESvHk;
(nous) [laompum;vHk;rSvmonf/ wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,frSm ]]OD;aESmuf
r&Sd}} [líjzpfonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYonf rpOf;pm;cJhMuyg/ aygvkonf
57 58
xdkodkYajym½HkjzihfrauseyfEkdifacs/ olwdkYonf rdkufrJpGmûyrlaeMujcif;aMumihf
pkef;ua0? arSmfq&mwcsKdUursm; olwdkYtm;ûypm;avMuoavm[kyif
ajymqdkonf/ ]]oifwdkYudktb,folûypm;oenf;}} ola&G;cs,ftoHk;ûy
onfhpum;rsm;onf olwdkY\aemufuG,fwGif t"du&SdaeaomolrSm
ewfqdk;yifjzpfEkdifaMumif; pdwfxJüjzpfay:aponf/ (2aum 4;4)/
{0Ha*vdw&m;udk *vmwdvlwdkYpGefYy,fjcif;taMumif; aygvk
tvGefrSyifZa0Z0gjzpfapaomt&mrSm u,fwifjcif;onf c&pfawmf\
taocHawmfrljcif;wGif tjrpfwnfonfudk olwdkYodonf[laomt&m
jzpfonf/ þtcsufwGif olwdkYonf rvGJrSm;Ekdifacs/ *vmwd 3;1
wGif ]]xif&Sm;pGmjyNyD}} [lí bmomjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf trsm;
jrifEkdif&ef&nf&G,fonfh ]]ydkpwm}} [lí wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/
ydkpwmudk vlxktm;aMumfjimonfht&mtm;vHk;udkazmfjy&ef toHk;ûyonf/
aygvkajymqdkonfrSm vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfonf? ol\w&m;a[majym
jcif;\t"dutpdwftydkif;jzpfum *vmwdvlwdkYonf olwdkY\pdwfrsufpdjzihf
c&pfawmfuyfwdkifay:taoowfcH&onfudk jrifawGUMuNyD;jzpfonf[laom
tcsufjzpfonf/ (1aum 1;23/ 2;2)/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf? olajymqdkonfrSm
olwdkY\tûytrltm;jzihf olwdkYonf c&pfawmfxHrSxGufoGm;Muonf
[líjzpfonf/
xdkaemufaygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkY\vuf&SdtajctaeESihf
c&pfawmfudkpwif,HkMunfcsdefwdkYudk EdIif;,SOfjyonf/ ar;cGef;rsm;ar;um
xdkodkYEdIif;,SOfjycJhonf/ olwdkYonf rnfuJhodkY0dnmOfawmfudk&&SdcJhMu
oenf;/ qdkvdkonfrSm olwdkYonf tpürnfuJhodkYc&pf,mefjzpfvmMu
oenf;/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdkaomf? tb,faMumihfbk&m;ocifonf
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfudkay;awmfrloenf;/ olwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmf
&&Sd&ef t&mwpfckckvkyfaqmifjcif;aMumihfavm/ vHk;0r[kwfyg/ xdkYtpm;?
c&pfawmfonf olwdkYtwGufvkyfaqmifNyD;cJhonfht&mtaMumif; owif;
aumif;udk olwdkYonf ,HkMunfMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ aumif;rGefpGm
tpûycJhMuaomfvnf;? ,ckwGifolwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\udk,fydkiftusihftay:
rSDcdk&rnf[lí rnfonfht&mu pOf;pm;apoenf;/
]]ig[mtifrwefaumif;wJhvljzpfw,f? ig[mtvGefaumif;wJh
c&pf,mefjzpfw,f/ 'D[mrvdkbl;? [dk[mvnf;rvkyfbl;}} [lípOf;pm;
cJhzl;aomtBudrfrnfrQ&SdcJhzl;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&ef
wpfenf;wpfzHkjzihf vHkavmufaomaumif;rIudkûyvkyfonf[k pOf;pm;zl;
ygovm;/ xdkodkYpOf;pm;vQif rnfonfhtrSm;&Sdoenf;/
wevFm Zlvdkif 24
or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;
or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;or®musrf;pmütajccsjcif;
*vmwdMo0g'pmxJwGif aygvkonf ,HkMunfjcif;jzihfajzmihfrwf
&ma&mufonf[laom rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;udk a,½k&SvifûrdUü wrefawmf
wdkYESihf&&SdonfhoabmwlnDrIudkvnf;aumif; (*vmwd 2;1-10)? *vmwd
vlwdkYudk,fwdkif udk,fawGUtawGUtêuHudkvnf;aumif; (*vmwd 3;1-
5)? arwåm&yfcHjcif;jzihf ,cktcsdefxdumuG,faecJhonf/ *vmwd 3;6
rSpwifNyD; ,ckwGifaygvkonf rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;tqHk;twnfûycsuf
udk or®musrf;pm\oufaocHcsufbufodkY OD;vSnfhvmonf/ trSefrSm
*vmwd 3;6 rS 4;31 onf or®musrf;pmütajccHonfh tqifhqifh
taMumif;jycsufrsm;jzpfonf/
*vmwd 3;6-8 wGif ]]usrf;pm}} taMumif;a&;om;&mwGif
aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ a&mr 1;2/ 4;3 udk
avhvmyg/ aygvkonf *vmwdMo0g'pmudka&;om;csdefwGif ]]"r®opf
usrf;}} r&SdcJhaMumif; owd&&efta&;BuD;onf/ aygvkonf tvsifOD;
qHk;aom"r®opfusrf;a&;om;oljzpfonf/ c&pf0ifusrf;av;usrf;xJwGif
&Sifrmukc&pf0ifudk tvsifOD;qHk;a&;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ odkYaomf &Sifrmukudk
59 60
aygvkraorD (at'D 65 wGifaygvkaoonf) tcsdefxd a&;cJh[ef
r&Sdacs/ qdkvdkonfrSm aygvkonf *vmwdMo0g'pmudka&;NyD; wpfq,fh
ig;ESpfcefYMumNyD;rSa&;cJh[ef&Sdonf/ xdkaMumihfaygvkonf usrf;pmudk
ñTef;qdk&mwGif olYpdwfxJü"r®a[mif;usrf;om&SdaecJhonf/
"r®a[mif;usrf;onf aygvk\oGefoifrIwGif ta&;BuD;aom
tcef;u@üyg0ifonf/ olonf þusrf;udkrvdktyfawmhonfhusrf;
uJhodkYr½IjrifbJ? tcGihftmPm&SdNyD; touf&Sifaombk&m;ocif\EIwfawmf
xGuftjzpfcH,lonf/ 2wdarmao 3;16 wGif ]]xdkusrf;pm&SdorQonf
bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;awmfrlaomtm;jzihfjzpfonf}} [ka&;om;onf/
]]bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;rSm theopneustos jzpf
onf/ pum;vHk;\yxrtydkif; theo onf ]]bk&m;ocif}} [kqdkvdkNyD;?
'kwd,ydkif;rSm ]]rIwfoGif;onf}} [kt"dyÜg,f&onf/ or®musrf;pmonf
]]bk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;jcif;}} jzihfjzpfvmonf/ a,½Ionf uwdxm;
awmfrlaomar&Sd,jzpfaMumif;jyo&efvnf;aumif; (a&mr 1;2)? c&pf,mef
touf&SifaexdkifyHktwGuf ñTefMum;csufay;&efvnf;aumif; (a&mr
13;8-10)? rdrdoGefoifcsufrsm;twnfjzpfaMumif;oufaojy&efvnf;
aumif; (*vmwd 3;8?9) aygvkonf or®musrf;pmudktoHk;ûyonf/
aygvkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;udk tBudrfaygif;twdtusrnfrQ
udk;um;onfudkodEdkif&efcufcJaomfvnf;? ol\twdkqHk;aomMo0g'pm
jzpfonfh wdwkESihfzdavrkefrSvGJí usefMo0g'pmtm;vHk;wGif "r®a[mif;
usrf;udkawmufavQmufudk;um;xm;onf/
*vmwd 3;6-14 udkaocsmpGmzwfyg/ þusrf;csufwGif "r®
a[mif;usrf;rS rnfonfhusrf;ydk'frsm;aygvkudk;um;onfudkazmfjyyg/ þ
t&mu "r®a[mif;usrf;onf rnfrQtcGihftmPm&Sdonfudk rnfuJhodkY
azmfjyoenf;/
or®musrf;pm\tpdwftydkif;wcsKdUonf tjcm;aomtpdwftydkif;
xuffomí ]]bk&m;rIwfoGif;jcif;}} cH&onf[k wpfcgwpfcgpOf;pm;zl;
ygoavm/ 2wdarmao 3;16 rS aygvk\azmfjycsufudkMunfhjcif;jzihf
txufyguJhodkYpOf;pm;jcif;onf rnfonfhtEÅ&m,f&Sdoenf;/
t*Fg Zlvdkif 25
ajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonf
ajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonfajzmih frwfoluJ hod k Yr Swf,lonf
rdrd\{0Ha*vdowif;pum;cdkifvHkap&ef or®musrf;pmudkudk;um;
Munfh½I&mwGif aygvkonf tb,faMumihftmjA[HudktvsifOD;qHk;êuduf
ESpfoufoenf;/ (*vmwd 3;6)/
tmjA[Honf *sL;bmomwGif t"duyk*d¾Kvfjzpfonf/ olonf
,k'trsKd;tEG,f\zcifjzpfonfomru? aygvktcsdefu ,k'vlwdkYonf
ppfrSefaom,k'wpfOD;onf rnfuJhodkYjzpf&rnf[laompHerlemtjzpf olYudk
½IjrifcJhMuonf/ rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf ol\ay:vGifonfh xl;jcm;aom
yifudkvu©Pmonf ol\em;axmifjcif;jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfonfomru?
bk&m;ocifu olYtm;ajzmihfrwfoltjzpfaMunmjcif;onfvnf;
xdkem;axmifjcif;aMumifhjzpfonf[k ,HkMunfcJhMuonf/ trSefrSmtmjA[H
onf rdrdarG;&yfXmaeESihfrdom;pkudkausmcdkif;um? ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkvufcH
cJhonf/ NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocif\trdefYawmftwkdif; rdrd\om;udk,Zf
ylaZmf&efyif pdwfqE&SdaecJhonf/ þt&monf em;axmifjcif;jzpfonf/
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udpöESihfywfoufí ravQmhwrf;ajymqdkrIjzihf aygvkudk
qefYusifolwdkYonf þtcsufudkyiftaMumif;jyjiif;qdkcJhMuonf/
odkYaomfjim;vnf; aygvkonf þtcsufudkyif ajymif;jyefvSef
um? ynwfapmihfjcif;aMumihfr[kwfbJ ,HkMunfjcif;aMumihfjzpfaMumif;
Oyrmtjzpf tmjA[Hudk *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif udk;BudrftoHk;ûyonf/
61 62
aygvkonf urÇmOD;usrf; 15;6 udkudk;um;onfudkavhvmyg/
tmjA[H\ ]],HkMunfjcif;udkajzmihfrwfjcif;uJhodkYrSwf,lawmfrl\}} [laom
ajymqdkcsufonf rnfonfht"dyÜg,f&Sdoenf;/ (a&mr 4;3-6?8-11?22-
24 wdkYudkvnf;zwfyg/)
ajzmihfrwfjcif;[laompum;vHk;rSm Oya'e,fy,frSqGJ,loHk;pGJjcif;
jzpfNyD;? a&wGufonf (odkYr[kwf) wGufcsufonf[laompum;vHk;rSm
pD;yGm;a&;e,fy,frSqGJ,loHk;jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]wpfpHkwpfOD;\bPfpm&if;wGif
aiGxnfhay;onf}} [laomt"dyÜg,frsKd;&Sdonf/ þt&mudk *vmwd
3;6 wGif tmjA[HESihfomwGJoHk;jcif;r[kwfbJ? a&S;bdk;ab;rsm;ESihfvnf;
wGJvsuf (11) BudrftoHk;ûyonf/ or®musrf;pmbmomjyeftcsKdUwGif
¤if;udka&wGufonf? wGufcsufonf (odkYr[kwf) rSwf,lonf[lí
bmomjyefqdkxm;onf/
aygvk\Oypmt&? uREfkyf\bPfpm&if;wGifxnfhay;vdkufaom
t&mrSm ajzmihfrwfjcif;jzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ar;cGef;rSm? ]]rnfonfh
t&may:tajccHNyD; bk&m;ocifonfuREfkyfwdkYtm; ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkY
a&wGufawmfrloenf;}} jzpfonf/ aygvkudkqefYusifolrsm; rnfuJhodkY
yifajymqdkapumrl ¤if;onf em;axmifjcif;udktrSeftajcrûyEkdifacs/
tmjA[H\em;axmifjcif;taMumif; rnfuJhodkYyifajymapumrl? tmjA[H
\,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf bk&m;ocifonf olYtm;ajzmihfrwfoluJhodkY rSwf,l
awmfrlonf[k or®musrf;pmüazmfjyxm;onf/
tmjA[H\em;axmifjcif;onf olYajzmihfrwfjcif;\tajctjrpf
r[kwfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu &Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/ xdkYtpm;
em;axmifjcif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;\toD;jzpfonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&ef
em;axmifcJhjcif;r[kwfyg/ olonf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf&SdNyD;jzpfaom
aMumihf em;axmifvdkufavQmufjcif;jzpfonf/ ajzmihfrwfjcif;onf em;axmif
jcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;onf/ tjyeftvSefrsKd;r[kwfyg/
oifonf oifûyvkyfonfht&mwpfckckaMumihfr[kwfbJ c&pfawmf
onf oifhtwGufvkyfaqmifcJhNyD;onfht&mtm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&muf
onf[laomt&müwnfaeyg/ tb,faMumihf¤if;onf aumif;aom
owif;jzpfoenf;/ ,ciftcsdefESihf,ckyifvQif oifonf rnfrQyif½kef;uef
ae&apumrl txufygtcsufudk oifhtoufwmwGiftoHk;csum?
¤if;trSefw&m;udk oifhudk,fydkifjzpfap&ef rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Zlvdkif 26
"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;
"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;"r®a[mif;usrf;xJu{0Ha*vdw&m;
]]bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfjcif;udkaxmufí? wpfyg;trsKd;om;
wdkYudk ajzmihfrwf&müwnfapawmfrlrnf[k usrf;pmonfajrmfjrifvsuf?
tmjA[Htm;trdefY&Sdí? oifhtm;jzihfvlrsKd;taygif;wdkYonf aumif;csD;r*Fvm
udkcH&Muvdrfhrnf[k {0Ha*vdw&m;udka[mESihfav\}} (*vmwd 3;8)/
{0Ha*vdw&m;udk tmjA[Htm;a[monfomrubJ? {0Ha*vdw&m;udk
a[molrSm bk&m;ocifyifjzpfonf/ xdkodkYjzpfrSom ppfrSefaom{0Ha*vd
w&m;jzpf&ayrnf/ odkYaomf bk&m;ocifonf tmjA[Htm; rnfonfh
tcsdefu w&m;a[mawmfrlcJhoenf;/ urÇmOD;usrf; 12;3 udkaygvk
udk;um;jcif;onf urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-3 wGif olYudkac:awmfrlpOf
bk&m;ocifonf tmjA[HESihftwlûyaomy#dnmOfudk pdwfxJüxm;&SdaMumif;
jyoonf/
urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-3 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;ydk'fonf tmjA[H
ESihftwlbk&m;ocifûyawmfrlaom y#dnmOf\oabmobm0taMumif;udk
rnfuJhodkYazmfjyoenf;/
tmjA[HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocifhy#dnmOf\tajccHrS olYtm;
bk&m;ocifuwday;awmfrlonfhtay:A[dkûyonf/ bk&m;ocifonf
tmjA[Htm; ]]igûyvkyfrnf}} [kav;BudrfrdefYawmfrlonf/ tmjA[Hudk
6463
ay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfrsm;rSm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;wpfzufowf
jzpfaeaomaMumihf tHhMop&maumif;onf/ bk&m;ocifonf tvHk;pHk
uwday;awmfrlNyD;? tmjA[Honf rnfonfhuwdrQray;acs/ þt&m
onf vltrsm;pku bk&m;ocifESihfqufqH&ef êud;pm;onfhyHkpHESihfqefYusif
aeonf/ tu,fíudk,fawmfonf uREkfyfwdkYtwGuf wpfpHkwpfckudk
ûyvkyfay;rSom udk,fawmf\0wfudkûyygrnf[k uwday;aeusjzpfonf/
odkYaomf xdkt&mrSynwfudkt"duxm;onfh0g'yifjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif
onf tmjA[Htm;uwdwpfckckay;&efrawmif;qdkbJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzihf
rdrd\uwdrsm;udkvufcH&efomawmif;qdkonf/ trSefrSm xdkt&monf
vG,fulonfhtvkyfr[kwfacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf tmjA[Honf
rdrdudk,fudkr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocifudkvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;,HkMunftm;udk;&ef
oif,l&ygrnf/ (urÇmOD; 22 udkzwfyg/) xdkaMumihf tmjA[Hudkac:
awmfrljcif;onf {0Ha*vdw&m;\tESpfom&jzpfaom ,HkMunfjcif;tm;
jzihf u,fwifjcif;jzpfaMumif;udkjyoonf/
wcsKdUaomolwdkYu or®musrf;pmonf u,fwifjcif;vrf;ESpfoG,f
udkoifay;onf[k rSm;,Gif;pGmaumufcsufcsMuonf/ olwdkYu "r®a[mif;
usrf;tcsdefwGif u,fwifjcif;onf ynwfawmfudkapmihfa&Smufjcif;tay:
tajccHum? NyD;aemuf ¤if;enf;vrf;rSm aumif;pGmtvkyfrjzpfaomaMumihf
bk&m;ocifonf ynwfawmfudky,fzsufNyD;? ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
u,fwifjcif;&Edkifaponf[k ajymqdkMuonf/ þt&mrSm or®mw&m;
rSa0;uGmaeonf/ aygvkonf *vmwd 1;7 wGifa&;cJhouJhodkY {0Ha*vd
w&m;wpfckwnf;om&Sdonf/
,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfomu,fwifjcif;udk "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif
rnfonfhOyrmrsm;udk oifawGU&Sdoenf;/ Oyrm- 0wfûy 17;11/
qmvH 32;1-5/ 2&m 12;1-13/ Zmc&d 3;1-4 wdkYudkzwfyg/
]]aps;aygaygu½kPm}} udk uREfkyfwdkYrMumcPMum;Muonf/
onfhtjyif¤if;rSm vGJrSm;Edkifaompum;vHk;jzpfonf/ u½kPmonf
aps;aygonfr[kwf? ¤if;onftcrJhjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ¤if;üuREfkyf
wdkY\tusihfrsm;udkaygif;xnfhí&onf[k pOf;pm;csdef (odkYr[kwf) tjypf
ûy&efqifjciftjzpf toHk;ûyí&onf[k uREfkyfwdkYpOf;pm;csdefwGif uREfkyf
wdkYonf u½kPmudkysufpD;apMuonf/ oifhudk,fydkiftawGUtêuHü þ
enf;vrf;ESpfckxJrS rnfonfhvrf;bufodkY,dkifeJYoenf;/ ¤if;udkrnfuJhodkY
&yfwefYEdkifrnfenf;/
Mumoyaw; Zlvdkif 27
usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)
usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)usdefjcif;rSa&G;Ekwfjcif; (*vmwd 3;9-14)
aygvkudkqefYusifolwdkYonf *vmwd 3;10 rS ol\&J&ifhaom
pum;vHk;rsm;tm;jzihf Muufaoaoavmufonf/ olwdkYudk,fwdkifusdefjcif;
atmufwGifa&mufaernfudk trSefyifpOf;pm;Murnfr[kwfacs/ wpfckck
rsm;&SdcJhaomf olwdkY\em;axmifjcif;twGuf aumif;csD;cH&rnf[karQmfvihf
cJhMuonf/ odkYaomf aygvkonf twdtvif;ajymqdkonfrSm ]]ynwf
w&m;\tusihfudktrSDûyaomol&SdorQwdkYonf usdefjcif;ESihfpyfqdkifMu\/
taMumif;rlum;? ynwådusrf;pmüygorQaompum;wdkYukd tjrJrusihf
aomolwdkif; usdefawmfrljcif;udkcHapownf;[k usrf;pmvm\/}}
aygvkonf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfu,fwifjcif;ESihf tusifhtm;
jzihfu,fwifjcif;[laom vHk;0jcm;em;onfha&G;cs,fp&mESpfckudk EdIif;,SOf
jyonf/ w&m;a[m&musrf; 27 ESifh 28 wGifazmfjyonfh y#dnmOf
ESihfqdkifaomaumif;csD;r*Fvmrsm;ESihfusdefjcif;rsm;onf &Sif;aeayonf/
em;axmifaomolonf aumif;csD;cH&rnfjzpfum? em;raxmifaomolwdkY
rlum; usdefjcif;cH&rnf/ qdkvdkonfrSm tu,fí wpfpHkwpfOD;onf
bk&m;ocifvufcHEkdif&eftwGuf em;axmifjcif;tay:trSDûyvdkvQif? ynwf
6665
F- 5
w&m;wpfckvHk;udk apmihfa&Smuf&ayvdrfhrnf/ rdrdwdkYvdkufavQmufcsifonfh
t&mudk aumufEkwfa&G;,lí uREfkyfwdkYü vGwfvyfpGmvkyfydkifcGihfr&Sdacs/
(odkYr[kwf) 'Dae&m? [dkae&mrS trSm;tenf;i,fudktjypfr,lbJ
bk&m;ocifonf cGihfvTwfvdkpdwf&Sdawmfrlonf[k uREfkyfwdkYr,lqtyfacs/
tukefrvdkufavQmufvQif wpfckrQrvdkufjcif;ESihftwlwlyifjzpfonf/
trSefrSm þowif;pum;onf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;twGuf
omru? aygvkudkqefYusifonfhynwfudkom t"duxm;aomolwdkY
twGufvnf; owif;qdk;jzpfonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf? uREfkyfwdkY
onf ]]'kp½dkufudkûyí bk&m;ocifa½SUawmfütoa&ysufMuNyD}} (a&mr
3;23)/ aumif;atmifrnfrQyifuREfkyfwdkYêud;pm;aomfvnf;? ynwfw&m;
onf uREfkyfwdkYtm;ynwfusL;vGefolrsm;tjzpfomvQifjypfwifonf/
c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;\usdefjcif;rS rnfuJhodkY
u,fwifoenf;/ *vmwd 3;13/ 2aum 5;21 wdkYudkzwfyg/
bk&m;ocifonf c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYtwGufvkyfaqmifNyD;
awmfrlcJhaomt&mudk&Sif;jy&ef aygvkonf tjcm;OyrmudktoHk;ûyonf/
]]a&G;Ekwfonf}} [laompum;vHk;\t"dyÜg,frSm ]]jyef0,f,lonf}} jzpf
onf/ ¤if;udk "m;pmcHrsm;vTwf&ef jyefay;aiG (odkYr[kwf) uRefwpfOD;
vTwfNidrf;&ef wefzdk;aiGay;jcif;wdkYütoHk;ûyonf/ tjypf\tzdk;tconf
aojcif;jzpfaomaMumihf ynwfw&m;udkusL;vGefjcif;\usdefjcif;onf
ao'PfrMumcPjzpfaewwfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf
jyefay;aiGonf rrIavmufaomt&mr[kwfacs/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrd
om;awmf\toufudkay;&onftxd wefzdk;BuD;onf/ (a,m[ef 3;16)/
uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfo,faqmifoljzpfvmjcif;jzihf a,½Ionf usdefjcif;rS
uREfkyfwdkYtm; jyefay;a&G;,lawmfrlcJhonf/ (1aum 6;20/ 7;23)/
udk,fawmfonf rdrdqE´tavsmuf uREfkyfwdkY\usdefjcif;udk rdrdudk,fay:
odkY,laqmifum? uREkfyfwdkYudk,fpm; tjypf\jypf'PftvHk;pHkudkcHpm;
awmfrlcJhonf/ (2aum 5;21)/
aygvkonf or®musrf;pm\oufaotjzpf w&m;a[m&musrf;
21;23 ukd udk;um;onf/ ,k'xHk;wrf;pOfvmt&? vlwpfOD;onf
towfcH&NyD;aemuf ol\tavmif;udk opfyifwGifqGJxm;vQif bk&m;ocif
\usdefjcif;cH&jcif;jzpfonf/ vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif a,½Iaojcif;udk
þusdefjcif;\erlemtjzpf ½IjrifMuonf (wref 5;30/ 1ay 2;24)/
xdkaMumihf ar&Sd,onf bk&m;ocif\usdefjcif;udkcHonf[laom
t,ltqudk oabmraygufEkdifaom,k'vlwcsKdUtwGuf vuf0g;
uyfwdkifonf cvkwfwHoif;jzpfcJh&onf/ odkYaomf þt&monf
bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnftwdtusyifjzpfonf/ rSefygonf? ar&Sd,
onf usdefjcif;udkcHawmfrlcJhonf/ odkYaomf ¤if;rSmrdrd\usdefjcif;r[kwf
bJ? uREfkyfwdkY\usdefjcif;yifjzpfonf/
aomMum Zlvdkif 28
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]uREfkyfwdkYtwGuftpm;xdk;jzpf½Hkru tmrcHwpfOD;vnf;jzpfawmf
rlaomc&pfawmftay:wGif uREfkyfwdkY\'kp½dkufrsm;pkyHkcJhMuonf/ ynwf
w&m;\pD&ifjcif;rS uREfkyfwdkYtm;a&G;EkwfEkdif&eftvdkYiSm udk,fawmfonf
ynwfusL;vGefoltjzpf rSwf,ljcif;cHcJh&onf/ tm'H\om;ajr;rsm;
usL;vGefcJhonfhtjypfonf udk,fawmf\pdwfESvHk;udkzdpD;vsuf&Sdonf/
'kp½dkufudkrESpfûrdUaMumif;xif&Sm;aponfh aMumufrufzG,fbk&m;ocif\
trsufawmfonf om;awmf\pdwfESvHk;awmfü xdwfvefYrIrsm;jzihfjynfh0
apcJhonf/ c&pfawmfonf crnf;awmfbk&m;\u½kPmESihf tjypfvTwf
wwfonfh r[marwåmawmftaMumif;udk toufwmwpfavQmufvHk;wGif
vlom;rsm;tm; zGihf[rdefY>rufawmfrlcJhonf/ tjypftrsm;qHk;aomoludk
67 68
u,fwif&efrSm udk,fawmf\OD;wnfcsufjzpfonf/ odkYaomf,ckwGif
tvGefav;vHvSaomtjypf0efrsm;u rdrdtm;zdpD;aomaMumihf crnf;awmf
\&efNidrf;aomrsufESmawmfudk rjrifEkdifawmhacs/ ,ckuJhodkY ylyifaomu
tjyif;txefawmufavmifaeaom þtcsdeftcgrsKd;wGif bk&m;ocif\
rsufESmawmfvGJjcif;cH&ojzihf udk,fawmf\ESvHk;om;onf rnfonfhtcg
rQvlom;rsm;taejzihf jynfhpHkpGmem;rvnfEkdifonfh0rf;enf;rIjzihf xdk;azmuf
jcif;cHawmfrlonf/ pdwfESvHk;aMuuGJrIonf tvGefjyif;xefvSojzihf
cE¨mudk,f\emusifrIudkcHpm;zdkYyif arhavsmhaecJhonf}} (DA, p. 753).
,ckvlomonf or®mw&m;\csefyD,HuJhodkY rdrd\tvkyfudk
&J0hHpGmpwifcJhonf/ ol\pdwftm;xufoefNyD;? av;eufaomowday;
onfhtoHudk w&m;a[mpifjrifhay:rSxGufay:vmcJhonf/ olonf vlwdkY
\a½SUwGif tjypfw&m;\pufqkyfzG,f&mp½dkufudkcsjyum? tjypf'Pfudk
avsmhyg;ap&ef (odkYr[kwf) a&Smifwdrf;&ef vlonf rdrd\tusihftm;
jzihf vkyfaqmifír&EkdifaMumif; olwdkYtm;oGefoifcJhonf/ bk&m;ocif
xHaemifw&í c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;rSwpfyg; tjypfom;udku,fwif
Edkifonfht&m bmrQr&dSacs/ c&pfawmf\u½kPmudk0,f,lír&yg/
¤if;onf tzdk;rJhvufaqmifjzpfonf/ olonf vlwdkYtm;tjypfajzjcif;
vufrSwfudkr0,f,lapbJ? taoowfcH&aoma&G;Ekwf&Sifudk,HkMunfjcif;
jzihfMunfh&eftMuHûyonf/ (GC, p. 129).
-0-
oifcef;pm (6)oifcef;pm (6)oifcef;pm (6)oifcef;pm (6)oifcef;pm (6)
uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;uwdawmfudkOD;pm;ay;jcif;
Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4Zlvdkif 29 - Mo*kwf 4
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29 Zlvdkif 29
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 3;15-20/ urÇm 9;11-17/ róJ
5;17-20/ xGuf 16;22-26/ urÇm 15;1-6/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif
]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif]]xdkrSwpfyg;? tarGawmfonf ynwfw&m;ESihfpyfqdkifvQif
uwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih f
uwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih fuwdawmfESih frpyfqd kif/ bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmftm;jzih f
tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/
tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/tmjA[Htm; xdktarGawmfudkoem;awmfrl\}} (*vmwd 3;18)/
wpfcgu vlwpfOD;onf EkdifiHa&;orm;tm; ]]cifAsm;rJqG,f
wkef;uay;cJhwJhuwdtm;vHk;udkwnfcJhovm;}} [kar;cJhonf/ olu
]]aumif;NyD? tenf;qHk;wnfzdkY&nf&G,fcJhwJhuwdawGudkawmhwnfygw,f}}
[kjyefwHkYjyefcJhonf/
wpfcgr[kwfwpfcg uwdrysufbl;aomol&Sdoavm/ rdrday;
aomuwd (odkYr[kwf) rdrdtm;ay;aomuwdysufonfrsm;udk rêuHbl;
ol&Sdoavm/
wpfcgwpf&HvlwcsKdUwdkYonf uwdwnfrnfjzpfaMumif; &nf&G,f
csuftjynfhjzihf uwday;wwfMuonf/ odkYaomf aemufydkif;wGif uwd
ysufoGm;&onf/ wcsKdUwdkYrlum; EIwfjzihfjzpfap? pmjzihfjzpfap? vdrfvnf
uwday;wwfMujyefonf/
uHaumif;axmufrpGm uREfkyfwdkYtwGufrl? bk&m;ocif\uwd
awmfrsm;onf vHk;0jcm;em;onf/ bk&m;ocif\EIwfawmfxGufpum;
69 70
onfaocsmNyD;? ajymif;vJrIr&Sdacs/ ]]igonfEIwfxGuftwkdif;ûyrnf/
MuHonftwkdif;pD&ifrnf}} (a[&Sm 46;11)/
þtywfoifcef;pmwGif? aygvkonf uREfkyfwdkY\tm½Hkudk
tmjA[Hudkay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfESihf ESpfaygif; 430 MumNyD;
rSay;aomynwfawmfwdkYtMum; qufpyfrIbufodkYOD;vSnfhay;onf/
¤if;wdkYESpfck\qufpyfrIudk rnfuJhodkYem;vnf&rnfenf;/ {0Ha*vdw&m;
udka[mMum;&eftwGuf ¤if;onf rnfonfhyg0ifywfoufrI&Sdoenf;/
we*FaEG Zlvdkif 30 Zlvdkif 30 Zlvdkif 30 Zlvdkif 30 Zlvdkif 30
ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;
ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;ynwfw&m;ESih f,H k Munfjcif;
tu,fí olYudkqefYusifolwdkYu tmjA[H\toufwmonf
,HkMunfjcif;toufwmyifjzpfonf[k 0efcHcJhrnfqdkvQifvnf;? tb,f
aMumihfbk&m;ocifonf tmjA[HtNyD;av;&mpkESpfrQausmfvGefNyD;aemuf
£oa&vwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;udkay;oenf;[kar;vmMurnfudk aygvk
odaecJhonf/ ynwfw&m;udkay;jcif;onf tvsifutpDtpOfudky,fzsuf
onfr[kwfoavm/
vlwpfOD;\aemufqHk;aowrf;pmESihf tmjA[HESihfûyaombk&m;ocif
\y#dnmOftMum; aygvkEdIif;,SOfjcif;\t"dutcsufonf tb,fenf;/
(*vmwd 3;15-18)/
y#dnmOfESihfaowrf;pmwdkYonf tMurf;tm;jzihfjcm;em;onf/
y#dnmOfrSm xHk;pHtwdkif;vlESpfOD; (odkYr[kwf) omírsm;aomvlwdkYtMum;
oabmwlnDrIjzpfNyD;? ¤if;udk ]]oabmwlpmcsKyf}} [k rMumcPac:qdk
Muonf/ þt&mESihfqefYusifNyD; aowrf;pmrlum;? vlwpfOD;wnf;\
aMunmcsufpmwrf;jzpfonf/ Greek bmomjyef"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif
tmjA[Htm; bk&m;ocify#dnmOfûyonf[laompum;vHk;udk tjyeftvSef
oabmwlnDrI (odkYr[kwf) oabmwlpmcsKyf[kt"dyÜg,f&onfh Greek
pum;vHk; (Syntheke) jzihf b,faomtcgrQbmomjyefqdkjcif;r&Sdacs/
xdkYtpm;? oufaotaxmuftxm; (odkYr[kwf) aowrf;pm (diatheke)
[líbmomjyefqdkonf/ tb,faMumihfenf;/ tmjA[Htm;bk&m;ocif
ûyaomy#dnmOfrSm tjyeftvSefuwdûyMuonfholwdkYESpfOD;Mum; oabmwl
pmcsKyfr[kwfaMumif;udk bmomjyefolwdkYonf odaeMuaomaMumihfjzpf
Ekdifonf/ þtcsufESihfqefYusifNyD; bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfonf rdrd
udk,fydkifvdktifqE´tay:wGif wnfrSDaeonf/ ]]tu,fírsm;}} ]]odkYjzpf
vQif}} ]]odkYr[kwf}} ]]odkYaomf}} [laomtajctaersKd;ay:wGiftajcrcHacs/
tmjA[Honf bk&m;ocif\EIwfxGufpum;awmfudk em;axmif½Hkom
jzpfonf/
tmjA[Hüûyonfh bk&m;ocifhy#dnmOf\t*Fg&yftwdtusudk
rD;armif;xdk;jy&eftvdkYiSm? aygvkonf ]]aowrf;pm}} ESihf ]]y#dnmOf}}
wdkY\t"dyÜg,fESpfrsKd;aumuf,lonf/ vlom;\aowrf;pm½IaxmihfrS
Munfhaomf? bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfonf twdtustusKd;cHpm;cGihf&Sd
oltmjA[HESihf ol\om;orD;rsm;ESihfoufqdkifum (urÇm 12;1-5/
*vmwd 3;16) tarGqufcHjcif;tcGihfvnf;yg0ifonf (urÇm 13;15/
17;8/ a&mr 4;13/ *vmwd 3;29)/ aygvktwGufta&;BuD;qHk;aom
t&mrSm rajymif;vJaombk&m;ocifhuwdawmf\oabmobm0jzpfonf/
þenf;twkdif;yif wpfpHkwpfOD;\aowrf;pmudka&;ítwnfûyNyD;vQif
ajymif;vJír&awmhouJhodkY arma&SrSwpfqifh ynwfw&m;udkay;tyfjcif;
onf ,ciftmjA[HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfudk vG,fvG,f
y,fzsufír&awmhacs/ bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfonf uwdawmfjzpfí
(*vmwd 3;16)? bk&m;ocifonf rnfonfhenf;ESihfrQ uwdcsKd;zsufol
rjzpfEkdifacs (a[&Sm 46;11/ a[jAJ 6;18)/
atmufygay;xm;aomusrf;ydk'frsm;rS ]]y#dnmOf}} [laompum;
vHk;udk ]]uwdawmf}} jzihftpm;xdk;yg/ usrf;ydk'fwpfckpDrS ]]y#dnmOf}} \
7271
oabmobm0onftb,fenf;/ bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfudk uwdawmf
uJhodkYem;vnfoabmaygufjcif;onf usrf;ydk'f\t"dyÜg,fudk rnfuJhodkY
omí&Sif;vif;apoenf;/ NyD;aemuf¤if;onf y#dnmOfonfbmjzpfonf
udk omíem;vnfapEkdifoenf;/ (urÇm 9;11-17/ 15;18/ 17;1-
21)/ þt&monf bk&m;ocif\pm&dwåawmftaMumif;udkvnf; uREfkyf
wdkYtm;rnfuJhodkYoifay;NyD; udk,fawmftm;rnfuJhodkY,HkMunfudk;pm;Ekdif
rnfenf;/
wevFm Zlvdkif 31
,HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31)
,HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31),HkMunfjcif;ESih fynwfw&m; (a&mr 3;31)
vlwpfOD;\bk&m;ocifESihftwlqufqHa&;wGif ,HkMunfjcif;onf
t"dujzpfaMumif;udk aygvkonf jyif;jyif;xefxef&nfñTef;cJhNyD;jzpfonf/
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;jzpfap? ]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} wpfckckjzpfap? ¤if;wdkY
onf u,fwifjcif;twGufr&Sdrjzpfvdktyfcsufr[kwfaMumif; aygvk
tzefwvJvJazmfjycJhNyD;jzpfonf/ ]]taMumif;rlum;? ynwfw&m;\tusihf
tm;jzihf tb,folrQajzmihfrwf&modkYra&mufEkdif&m}} (*vmwd 2;16)/
xdkYtjyif ,HkMunfol\t"dutrSwftom;rS ynwfw&m;\tusihfr[kwf
bJ? ,HkMunfjcif;jzpfonf/ (*vmwd 3;7)/ þynwfw&m;\tusihf
udk tzefwvJvJqefYusifajymqdkjcif;onf ]]'gqdk&ifynwfw&m;u vHk;0
wefzdk;r&Sdawmhbl;vm;/ bk&m;ocifu ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufvdkuf
NyDvm;}} [laomar;cGef;rsKd; xGuf&SdvmEkdifayonf/
u,fwifjcif;onf ynwfw&m;\tusihftm;jzihfr[kwfbJ
,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihfjzpfaomaMumihf? ,HkMunfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;udk
zsufodrf;onf[k aygvkqdkvdkygovm;/ atmufygusrf;csufrsm;onf
uREfkyfwdkYtm;rnfonfht&mudkazmfjyoenf;/ a&mr 3;31 ESihf a&mr
7;7?12 udkvnf;aumif;? a&mr 8;3 ESihf róJ 5;17-20 udkvnf;aumif;
EdIif;,SOfyg/
a&mr 3 rSaygvk\taMumif;jyjiif;qdkcsufESihf uvmwdMo0g'pm
xJrS,HkMunfjcif;ESihf ynwfw&m;taMumif;aqG;aEG;csufwdkYonfwlnD
onf/ rdrd\rSwfcsuftm;jzihf vlwcsKdUu rdrdonf ,HkMunfjcif;udk
jr§ifhwif&ef ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufonf [laomaumufcsufrsKd;csEdkif
aMumif;odaeaomaMumihf aygvkonf ]]odkYjzpfvQif ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
igwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udky,fMuoavm}} (a&mr 3;31) [kar;cJh
onf/ ]]y,fonf}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm katargeo jzpf
onf/ aygvkonf þpum;vHk;udkrMumcPtoHk;ûyNyD; ¤if;udk ]]zsufonf}}
(a&mr 3;3) [lívnf;aumif;? ]]ûzdzsufonf}} ({zuf 2;15) [lí
vnf;aumif;? ]]ûzef;ypfonf}} (a&mr 6;6? ESV) [lívnf;aumif;?
(odkYr[kwf) ]]zsufqD;onf}} (1aum 6;13) [líyif bmomjyefqdk
Ekdifonf/ vuf0g;uyfwdkifwGif wpfenf;enf;jzihfynwfw&m;ysufy,f
oGm;NyD[laomoabmw&m;udk aygvkonf twnfûyay;csifcJhrnf[k
qdkaomf? vlwcsKdUu aygvkonf xdkodkYoGefoifonf[kajymqdkouJhodkY
txufygtcsufudkvufcH&rnfhtcsdefyifjzpfonf/ odkYaomf? aygvkonf
xdkcH,lcsufudk jywfjywfom;om;jiif;y,f½Hkomru? rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;
onf trSefwu,fynwfw&m;udk ]]wnfaponf}} [kazmfjyonf/
]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;[laomtpDtpOfonf tjypf
ajzjcif;udkawmif;qdkí pDpOfay;aom rdrd\ynwfw&m;udk bk&m;ocif
tav;xm;awmfrlaMumif;jyoonf/ tu,fí ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
ajzmihfrwfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;udky,fzsufaomf? tjypfom;udkolYtjypf
rSvTwfap&ef tjypfajz&mc&pfawmf\aojcif;onf vdktyfawmhrnf
r[kwfbJ xdkaMumihf olYtm;bk&m;ocifESihfoifhjrwfap&efrvdktyfawmhacs/
73 74
]]xdkYjyifru? ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;udk,fü udk,fawmf\ynwf
w&m;udkem;axmifaomtoufwmwGif bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfudk
jznfhqnf;csifaomqE´tjynfht0&Sdonf/---u,fwif&Sifudk pdwfESvHk;
tjynfhESihfcspfjcif;ütajcûyonfh rSefuefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf em;axmif
jcif;odkYomydkYaqmifEdkifonf}} (SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 510).
,HkMunfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;apmihf&efvdktyfcsufudky,f&Sm;
onf[k aygvkonf trSefwu,fqdkvdkvQif ol\qdkvdkcsufudkpOf;pm;
Munfhyg/ xdkodkYqdkaomf Oyrm? olYr,m;jypfrSm;jcif;? cdk;jcif; (odkYr[kwf)
vlYtoufowfjcif;yif tjypfr[kwfawmhNyDavm/ bk&m;ocif\ynwf
w&m;udkapmihfxdef;jcif;jzihf 0rf;enf;jcif;? emusifjcif;ESihfa0'emcHpm;jcif;
rsm;rSm oifudk,fwdkifcsrf;omcGihf&onfudkawG;Munfhyg/ bk&m;ocif\
ynwfw&m;udk em;raxmifjcif;\&v'ftjzpf oif (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;
olrsm;vHk;0jzwfoef;cJh&aoma0'emcHpm;rIonf tb,fenf;/
t*Fg Zlvdkif 1
ynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsuf
ynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsufynwfawmf\&nf&G,fcsuf
*vmwd 3;19-29 wGif aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;}} trsKd;rsKd;
udkazmfjyay;onf/ *vmwdMo0g'pm\þusrf;ydk'fwGif aygvkonf
rnfonfhynwfw&m;udk t"dutm;jzihfñTef;qdkoenf;/
tcef;i,f 19 rS ]]rjzpfrDwkdifatmif}} [laompum;pkonf
þynwfw&m;rSm ,m,DrQomjzpfaMumif;ñTefjyonf[k ,HkMunfaeaom
olwcsKdUonf þusrf;csufu&nfñTef;onfrSm 0denf;xHk;zGJUESifhqdkifaom
ynwfw&m;jzpfrnf[k awG;xifMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf
xdkynwfw&m;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdifwGifjynfhpHkcJhum? NyD;qHk;oGm;NyDjzpf
aomaMumihfjzpfonf/ þtcsufonf t"dyÜg,f&Sdoa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;?
*vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvk\qdkvdk&if;jzpf[efrwlay/ tjypfusL;vGef
jcif;aMumihf 0denf;xHk;zGJUynwfw&m;ESihf ynwfawmf 10 yg;ESpfckpvHk;
udk odemawmifay:wGif ]]xyfíay;onf}} rSefaomfvnf;? atmufyg
ar;cGef;udkavhvmjcif;jzihf aygvk\pdwfxJwGif t"du&Sdaeaomynwf
rSm ynwfawmf (10) yg;jzpfaMumif; uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrif&Murnf/
aygvkonf ynwfw&m;udkxyfíay;onf[k ajymygovm;/
rnfonfht&müxyfay;oenf;? tb,faMumihfenf;/ *vmwd 3;19
ESihf a&mr 5;13?20 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/
rlv&nf&G,fcsufudkajymif;oGm;ap&ef aowrf;pmwGifjznfhpGuf
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(reufjzefoifcef;pmwGifMunfhyg/) xdkYtpm;? vHk;0jcm;em;aom&nf&G,f
csuftwGuf ynwfawmfudk£oa&vwdkYtm;ay;onf[k aygvkqdkvdk
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udk jyefíñTefay;&efjzpfonf/ ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf&Sdaom
tajctaeESihf bk&m;ocif\u½kPmvdktyfrIudkazmfjyonf/ ynwf
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þt&mESihfqefYusifNyD;? ynwfawmfudkay;jcif;rSm ]]jypfrSm;aomtjypf
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&Sif;vif;pGmjyo&ef (a&mr 7;13) jzpfaMumif; aygvkajymqdkonf/
0denf;xHk;zGJUESifhqdkifaomynwfrsm;onf ar&Sd,udkñTefjyum?
oefY&Sif;jcif;ESihfu,fwif&Sifwpfyg;vdktyfaMumif; tav;aqmif;ay;aepOf?
]]rûyvkyfESihf}} qdkonfrsm;ESihf ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfom;
jzpfjcif;oabmobm0udkomru? trSefwu,fbk&m;ocif\ynwf
awmfudkusL;vGefjcif;tjypfudkazmfjyonf (a&mr 3;20/ 5;13?20/
75 76
7;7?8?13)/ xdkaMumihf aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;r&SdvQif? vGefusL;
jcif;tjypfr&Sd}} (a&mr 4;15) [kajymqdkjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]ynwfawmf
onf rSefbDvl;uJhodkYjzpfonf/ xdkud&d,monf t0wfudknpfayapaom
npfywfayaeaomtpufrsm;udk trSefwu,fryGm;rsm;apEkdifbJ? omref
rsufpdjzihfjrifEkdifonfxuf omírsm;aomtrnf;pufrsm;udk omí&Sif;vif;
pGmjrifapEkdifonf/ (William Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary,
p. 141).
Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 2
bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;
bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;bk&m;ocif hynwfawmf\oufwrf;
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today;&efvdktyfonf/ odemawmifay:rSazmfjycsufonf þtcsufudk
trSefvkyfaqmifawmfrljcif;jzpfonf/
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onf tmjA[HNyD;aemuf ESpfaygif; 430 MumrSay:vmum? c&pfawmf
üNyD;qHk;onf[kem;vnfMuonf/ odkY&mwGif þteufjyefqdkrIonf
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vnf;aumif;? róJ 5;17-19 uJhodkYaom tjcm;or®musrf;csufrsm;
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77 78
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jzpfonf[k ajymjyaeoenf;/ NyD;aemuf ¤if;udkrnfuJhodkY&&SdNyD; xdef;odrf;
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Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 3
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awmfonf ulnDrponf/
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avhvmyg/
79 80
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olwdkY\vdktyfcsufrSm u,fwif&Sifyifjzpfonf/ þt&mtm;vHk;udk
olwdkYtm;oifMum;ay;&ygrnf}} (PP, p. 371).
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bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfonf tjypfom;udktjypfwifpGyfpGJonfh>rufqdk
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SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1094).
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ynwfawmfESi h fuwdawmfynwfawmfESi h fuwdawmfynwfawmfESi h fuwdawmf
]]ynwfw&m;onf bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfESihfqefYusifbuf
jzpfoavm}} (*vmwd 3;21)/
rdrd\rSwfcsufrsm;onf rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkYtm; olonf
ynwfawmfudkcsKd;ESdrfajymqdkonf[k aumufcsufcsapEkdifonfudkvnf;
aumif;? (odkYr[kwf) bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfrsm;udkOD;pm;ay;onfh rdrd
\rSwfcsufrsm;onf arma&SESihfarma&Sûypkaomusrf;ig;usrf;udkzHk;uG,f
onf[lí aumufcsufcsEdkifonfudkvnf;aumif; odaeaomaMumihf?
aygvkonf olwdkYpOf;pm;aeonfh ]]ynwfw&m;onf bk&m;ocif\
uwdawmfESihfqefYusifonf[k oifajymqdkygoavm}} [laomar;cGef;udk
ar;vdkufonf/ þar;cGef;udkyif aygvkonf ]]r[kwfyg}} [ktav;
83 84
teufwHkYjyefonf/ xdkodkYaumufcsufcsjcif;onfrjzpfEkdif&m? tb,f
aMumihfqdkaomf bk&m;ocifonf rdrdudk,fudkqefYusifjcif;r&Sdacs/
bk&m;ocifonf uwdawmfESihfynwfawmfESpfckpvHk;udk ay;awmfrlcJhonf/
ynwfawmfonf uwdawmfESifhqefYusifraeyg/ ¤if;wdkYonf bk&m;ocif
\tvHk;pHkaomu,fwifjcif;pDrHudef;wGif rwlnDaomtcef;u@ESihfvkyfief;
wm0ef&Sdaejcif;rQomjzpfonf/
aygvkudkqefYusifolwdkYonf ynwfawmf\tcef;u@taMumif;
rnfonfhrSm;,Gif;aomt,ltq&SdMuoenf;/ *vmwd 3;21/ 0wfûy
18;5 ESihf w&m;a[m 6;24 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/
þolwdkYonf 0dnmOfa&;toufwmudk ynwfw&m;u olwdkY
tm;ay;Edkifonf[k ,HkMunfMuonf/ olwdkY\½IjrifoHk;oyfcsufonf
bk&m;ocif\y#dnmOfüwnfaeaomolwdkYonf rnfuJhodkYtouf&Sif
aexdkif&rnf[k ynwfawmfuñTefMum;onfh 0wfûy&musrf; 18;5 ESihf
w&m;a[m&musrf; 6;24 uJhodkYaom "r®a[mif;usrf;rSusrf;ydk'frsm;udk
rSm;,Gif;pGmteufjyefqdkjcif;aMumihfjzpfEkdifonf/ ynwfawmfonf y#dnmOf
twGif;touf&SifaexdkifrIudk xdef;ausmif;ay;onf/ odkYaomf ynwf
awmfonf vlwpfOD;\bk&m;ocifESihfqufqHa&;\t&if;tjrpfjzpfonf
[k olwdkYaumufcsufcsMuonf/ odkY&mwGif or®musrf;pmonf touf
&SifapEkdifaomtpGrf;owådrSm bk&m;ocifESihfrdrd\0dnmOfawmfwefcdk;tm;
jzihfomjzpfaMumif; &Sif;aeayonf (4&m 5;7/ ae[rd 9;6/ a,m[ef
5;21/ a&mr 4;17)/ ynwfawmfonf rnfolYudkrQ0dnmOfa&;ütouf
r&SifapEkdifacs/ odkY&mwGif þtcsufonf ynwfawmfu bk&m;ocif
\uwdawmfudkqefYusifonf[krqdkvdkacs/
ynwfawmfonf toufay;EkdifpGrf;r&SdaMumif; oufaojy&ef
êud;pm;&mrSm aygvkonf *vmwd 3;22 wGif ]]usrf;pmonf vltaygif;
wdkYudktjypfücsKyfxm;\}} [ka&;om;onf/ a&mr 3;9-19 wGif
aygvkonf þoabmw&m;yg&Sdonfh "r®a[mif;usrf;rSusrf;csufwcsKdU
udkqGJxkwfum uREfkyfwdkYonf rnfrQqdk;aMumif;jyoonf/ xdkusrf;ydk'f
rsm;onf pepfwusoDuHk;onfhyHkpHrsKd;r&Sdacs/ olonf tjypfjyóem\
t&if;jzpfaom vlYpdwfudkuyfqdk;qdkufaponfh wpfudk,faumif;qefaom
pdwfoabmxm;rSpwifí? xdkaemuf tjypfw&m;ysHUESHYjcif;ESihftqHk;wGif
wpfavmuvHk;odkYysHUESHYaMumif; azmfjyonfhusrf;csufrsm;udk qufvuf
azmfjyonf/
ol\qdkvdk&if;rSmtb,fenf;/ tjypf\yrmPtwkdif;twmESihf
ynwfawmf\tuefYtowfrsm;aMumihf xm0&toufESifhqdkifaomuwd
awmfonf uREfkyfwdkYudk,fpm; c&pfawmf\opömapmihfodjcif;tm;jzihfom
vQif uREfkyfwdkYxHodkYa&muf&SdEkdifonf/ wpfzef þBuD;jrwfaomor®m
w&m;onf bmoma&;ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;udk armif;ESifay;aomt&m
jzpfonf/
ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYudkru,fwifEkdifaomfvnf; ¤if;udk
vdkufavQmufjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufrnfonfhBuD;rm;aomtusKd;&Sd
oenf;/ bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudkapmihfjcif;jzihf rnfonfhvufawGU
usaomaumif;aomt&mudk oifawGUêuH&oenf;/
wevFm Mo*kwf 7
ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;
ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;ynwfw&m;atmufücsKyfxm;jcif;
*vmwd 3;23 wGif aygvkonf ]],HkMunfjcif;w&m;ra&muf
rD ynwfw&m; (atmufü). . .igwkdYonf. . . csKyfxm;vsuf&SdMu
\}} [ka&;om;onf/ aygvku ]]igwdkYonf}} [kqdk&mwGif *vmwd
toif;awmfrS ,k'vl,HkMunfolrsm;udkñTef;qdkonf/ olwdkYonf ynwf
w&m;ESihf&if;ESD;aomolrsm;jzpfMuum? aygvkonf *vmwd 2;15 rSpNyD;
olwdkYudkoD;jcm;ajymaecJhonf/ *vmwd 3;23 rS ]]igwdkYonf}} ESihf
85 86
*vmwd 3;26 rS ]]oifwdkYtaygif;onf}} wdkYonf rwlnD? jcm;em;
aMumif;awGUjrifEdkifonf/
*vmwd 3;23 rS ]],HkMunfjcif;w&m;ra&mufrD}} rSm rl&if;
Greek usrf;pmwGif ]]xdk,HkMunfjcif;ra&mufrD}} [k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f
&Sdonf/ aygvkonf c&pfawmfrwkdifrDESihfc&pfawmfaemufydkif; ynwf
awmf\tcef;u@udkEdIif;,SOfjyaomaMumihf (*vmwd 3;24) ]]xdk,HkMunf
jcif;}} rSm a,bk,stm;jzihf c&pf,mef,HkMunfjcif;udkñTef;qkdjcif;r[kwf
bJ? c&pfawmfudk,fawmfwkdifudk ñTef;qdkjcif;jzpf[ef&Sdonf/
aygvkajymqdkonfrSm ,k'vlwdkYonf c&pfawmfr<uvmrD
ynwfw&m;\atmufwGif csKyfxm;jcif;cH&onf[líjzpfonf/ ]]ynwf
w&m;atmufwGif}} [kqdk&mwGif olonfrnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/
*vmwd 3;22?23 udk a&mr 6;14?15/ 1aum 9;20/ *vmwd
4;4?5?21/ 5;18 wdkYESihfEdIif;,SOfyg/
aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} [laompum;pkudk ol\
Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif wpfq,fhESpfBudrftoHk;ûyonf/ þtcsufudkMunfh
vQif ¤if;onf t"dyÜg,ftrsKd;rsKd;&SdEkdifonf/
1/ ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} onf u,fwifjcif;\tjcm;wpfzuf
rSa&G;p&mvrf; (*vmwd 4;21)/ *vmwdûrdUrSqefYusifbufûyolwdkYonf
em;axmifjcif;jzihftoufay;aomajzmihfrwfjcif;udk&&Sd&ef êud;pm;cJhMu
onf/ odkYaomfvnf;? aygvku &Sif;vif;cJhNyD;ouJhodkY þt&mrSrjzpf
Ekdifacs/ (*vmwd 3;21?22)/ aemufydkif;wGifvnf; aygvkonf ynwf
w&m;atmufüaevdkjcif;tm;jzihf *vmwdvlwdkYonf trSefyifc&pfawmf
udkjiif;y,fMuonf[kyif axmufjyrnfjzpfonf/ (*vmwd 5;2-4)/
2/ ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} &Sdjcif;onf ¤if;\tjypfpD&ifcsuf
cHae&jcif;t"dyÜg,f&onf (a&mr 6;14?15)/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf
ynwfawmfonf tjypfw&m;udkrajyapEkdifacs/ ¤if;udkcsKd;azmufjcif;onf
tqHk;wGif tjypfpD&ifjcif;udkcH&rnfjzpfonf/ vlom;tm;vHk;onf þ
tajctaeudkêuH&Murnfjzpfonf/ ynwfawmfonf axmifrª;uJhodkY
vkyfaqmifum csKd;azmufoltm;vHk;udkcsKyfxm;NyD;? ¤if;wdkYonf rdrdwdkY
udk,fudkaojcif;jypf'Pfusa&mufapMuonf/ reufjzefavhvm&rnfh
oifcef;pmwGif *vmwd 3;23 wGif ]]txdef;}} [laompum;vHk;toHk;ûy
jcif;onf þusrf;ydk'fwGifaygvku ]]ynwfw&m;\atmufü}} [kqdkvdk
aomt&mjzpfonf/
]]ynwfw&m;atmufü}} [kbmomjyefaeus? rl&if; Greek
pum;vHk;rSm ennomos jzpfí? ]]ynwfw&m;abmiftwGif;}} [laom
wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&SdNyD;? c&pfawmfESihftwlaygif;pnf;um ynwfw&m;
\abmiftwGif; touf&Sifaexdkifjcif;udkñTef;qdkonf (1aum 9;21)/
c&pfawmfryg&SdbJ ynwfw&m;udkapmihfxdef;&efêud;pm;jcif;jzpfaom
]]ynwfw&m;\tusihf}} tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwf&modkYra&muf&SdEkdifacs/
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfaomolwdkYom
vQif touf&Sif&Murnf (*vmwd 3;11)/ þor®mw&m;onf ynwf
awmfudkry,fzsufacs/ ynwfawmfonf xm0&toufudkray;EkdifaMumif;
jyojcif;rQomjzpfonf/
t*Fg Mo*kwf 8
uREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmf
uREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmfuREf ky fwd k Y\txdef;ynwfawmf
aygvkonf ynwfawmfESifhywfoufí tajccHtqHk;owf
aumufcsufESpfckwifjyxm;onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm (1) ynwfw&m;udk
tmjA[Htm;ay;aom bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfudky,fzsufjcif;r&Sd (*vmwd
3;15-20)/ (2) ynwfw&m;onf xdkuwdawmfudkqefYusifjcif;r&Sd
(*vmwd 3;21?22) wdkYjzpfonf/
87 88
xdkodkYqdkaomf ynwfw&m;onf trSefwu,frnfonfhtcef;
u@wGifyg0ifoenf;/ ]]'kp½dkufrsm;aMumihf}} ynwfw&m;udkxyfíay;onf
(*vmwd 3;19) [kaygvka&;om;onf/ NyD;aemuf þtawG;tac:
udkxyfícsJU&ef ynwfw&m;ESihfqufpyfírwlnDaompum;vHk;oHk;ckudk
toHk;ûyxm;onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm ]]apmihfaeonf}} (tcef;i,f 23)
]]csKyfxm;onf}} (tcef;i,f 23) ESihftxdef; (tcef;i,f 24) wdkY
jzpfonf/
*vmwd 3;19-24 udkqkawmif;jyD;*½kwpdkufzwfyg/ aygvk
onf ynwfawmftaMumif;bmajymoenf;/
trsm;pkacwfopfbmomjyefqdkrIrsm;onf *vmwd 3;19 rS
aygvk\ynwfawmftay: rSwfcsufrsm;udkvHk;vHk;qefYusifbufa0g[m&
rsm;jzihf teufjyefqdkMuonf/ odkYaomf rl&if; Greek wGif wpfzufouf
eD;yg;rQyHkpHr&Sdacs/ ]]apmihfaeonf}} (tcef;i,f 23) [kjyefqdkaom
Greek rl&if;pum;vHk;onf ]]apmihfa&Smufonf}} [laom wdkuf½dkuf
t"dyÜg,f&onf/ ¤if;onf ]]zrf;qD;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]apmihfMunfh
onf}} (2aum 11;32) [laom tysufoabmt"dyÜg,faumuf,lEdkif
aomfvnf;? "r®opfusrf;wGif ¤if;onf a,bk,stm;jzihf ]]umuG,f
onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]apmihfxdef;onf}} [laom omítûyoabmaqmif
aomt"dyÜg,frsKd;oufa&mufonf (zdvdyÜd 4;7/ 1ay 1;5)/ ]]csKyfxm;
onf}} (*vmwd 3;23) [lí bmomjyefqdkaom rl&if;pum;vHk;
onfvnf; xdkenf;wlyifjzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ]]ydwfonf}} (urÇm 20;18/
xGuf 14;3/ a,m½I 6;1/ a,&rd 13;19)? ]]txJwGifxnfhonf}}
(vkum 5;6)? (odkYr[kwf) ]]csKyfxm;onf}} (a&mr 11;32) [lí
jyefqdkEkdifonf/ þerlemrsm;rSjyoouJhodkY tajctaeay:rlwnfí
þpum;vHk;onf tûyoabm (odkYr[kwf) tysufoabmaqmifaom
t"dyÜg,frsKd;&SdEkdifonf/
ynwfw&m; (10 yg;ESihf0denf;xHk;zGJUynwf) wdkYonf £oa&v
rsm;twGuf rnfonfhtusKd;udkay;oenf;/ a&mr 3;1?2/ w&m;a[m
7;12-24/ 0wfûy 18;20-30/
aygvkonf ynwfw&m;taMumif;udk tysufoabmaqmif
aoma0g[m&jzihf ajymqdkEkdifaomfvnf; (a&mr 7;6/ *vmwd 2;19)?
ynwfw&m;taMumif;udkvnf; tûyoabmaqmifNyD; rsm;pGmajymqdkonf
(a&mr 7;12?14/ 8;3?4/ 13;8 wdkYudkzwfyg)/ ynwfw&m;onf
£oa&vtay: bk&m;ocif\usdefjcif;r[kwfbJ? aumif;csD;tjzpf&nf&G,f
NyD;ay;awmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ ,ZfylaZmfjcif;pepfonf tjypfudktqHk;pGef
rz,f&Sm;Ekdifaomfvnf;? ¤if;onf tjypfz,f&Sm;Ekdifonfh uwday;xm;aom
ar&Sd,udkñTefjyum? ¤if;pepfESihfqdkifaomynwfrsm;onf a&S;vlrsKd;pkrsm;
pGmudk'ku©ay;onfhraumif;rIrsm;rS £oa&vwdkYudktumtuG,fay;xm;
onf/ tjcm;wpfae&mrSm ynwfw&m;taMumif;tûyoabmaqmifonfh
aygvk\rSwfcsufrSMunfhaomf? þusrf;csufrSaygvk\rSwfcsufrsm;udk
tysufoabmbufrSem;vnfrnfqdkvQif rSm;ygvdrfhrnf/
aumif;aomt&mwpfckudk tvGJoHk;pm;vkyfonfudkawG;Munfhyg/
Oyrm? a&m*guko&efwDxGifxkwfvkyfaomaq;0g;udk rl;,pfaq;0g;tjzpf
vlwcsKdUutoHk;ûyEkdifonf/ oifhtoufwmwGif þed,mrrsKd;rnfonfh
erlemrsm;awGU&Sdxm;oenf;/ aumif;aomt&mudktvGJoHk;pm;ûyvkyfEkdif
aMumif; em;vnfoabmaygufjcif;onf txufygusrf;rS aygvk\
qdkvdkcsufudkem;vnf&ef rnfuJhodkYulnDay;oenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 9
uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;
uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;uREf ky fwd k Y\udk,fyd ki fausmif;q&mjzpfaomynwfw&m;
*vmwd 3;23 wGifaygvkonf ynwfw&m;udkapmihfMuyf
umuG,fay;aompGrf;tm;tjzpfazmfjyonf/ tcef;i,f 24 wGif ¤if;udk
89 90
rnfonfht&mESihfcdkif;EdIif;oenf;/ NyD;aemuf xdkt&monf rnfonfh
t&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/
]]udk,fydkifausmif;q&m}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek rl&if;pum;vHk;rSm
paidagogos jzpfonf/ wcsKdUaombmomjyefusrf;pmrsm;wGif ]]pnf;urf;
BuD;Muyfol}} (NRSV)? ]]enf;jyq&m}} (NKJV) odkYr[kwf ]]tkyfxdef;ol}}
(ESV) [líjyefqdkaomfvnf;? rnfonfhpum;vHk;urQ ¤if;\t"dyÜg,f
udk jynfhjynfh00ûcHiHkEdkifjcif;r&Sdacs/ paidagogos qdkonfrSm a&mrvlrsKd;
tzGJUtpnf;wGif uRefwpfOD;jzpfonf/ xdkuRefrSm ocifh\om;ajcmufESpf?
ckepfESpft&G,frSpí vlvm;ajrmufonftxdtkyfxdef;&ef tcGihftmPm
&Sdaom&mxl;udk ay;tyfcH&oljzpfonf/ udk,fum,vdktyfcsufjzpfaom
a&csKd;ay;jcif;? tpmauR;jcif;ESihft0wftpm;rsm;vJvS,f0wfqifay;jcif;?
rnfonfhtEÅ&m,frSrqdkumuG,fay;jcif; ponfhwm0efrsm;tjyif? xdkuRef
(piadagogos) onf ocif\om;ausmif;rSefrSefoGm;jcif;ESihf tdrfpmrsm;
ûyvkyfjcif;rsm;&Sdr&Sdaocsmatmif vkyfaqmif&efwm0efvnf;&Sdonf/
xdkYjyifru? olonf rGefjrwfaomudk,fusihfw&m;udk avhusihfoifMum;
ay;jcif;omru? ocifhom;wdkYonf ¤if;rGefjrwfaomudk,fusihfw&m;wdkYudk
oif,lNyD;? rdrdwdkYudk,fwdkifusihfoHk;jcif;&Sdr&Sdudkvnf; aocsmatmifvkyfaqmif
&efwm0ef&Sdonf/
wcsKdUaomxdkuRefrsm;onf trSefwu,fMuifemrI&SdMuNyD;? olwdkY
tkyfxdef;aomuav;rsm;uvnf;cspfMuaomfvnf;? a&S;pmayrsm;wGif olwdkY
taMumif;udka&;om;&mü tvGefpnf;urf;BuD;olrsm;tjzpf a&;om;azmfjy
avh&Sdonf/ uav;rsm;u pum;em;axmif&ef Murf;wrf;aomjcdrf;ajcmuf
rIrsm;ESihf jyif;xefaomtjypfwifjcif;rsm;ûyMuonfomru? Budrf'Pf
rsm;vnf;ay;Muonf[k azmfjyjcif;cH&Muonf/
aygvkonf ynwfw&m;udk ocif\uav;rsm;udktkyfxdef;
aomuRefuJhodkY cdkif;EdIif;azmfjyjcif;onf ynwfw&m;\tcef;u@
rdrd\em;vnfrIudk xyfí&Sif;jyjcif;jzpfonf/ ynwfw&m;udk tjypf
azmfjy&efESihfñTefMum;csufay;&ef xyfíay;jcif;jzpfonf/ þvkyfief;\
pifppfoabmobm0rSm ynwfw&m;onf tysufoabmaqmifaom
toGifvnf;&Sdonf[kqdkvdkonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ynwfw&m;onf
jypfwifarmif;rJum? uREfkyfwdkYtm; tjypfom;rsm;[kpGyfpGJonf/ odkYaomfvnf;
þ ]]tysufoabmaqmifaom}} toGif;rsKd;üyifvQif bk&m;ocifonf
uREfkyfwdkY\aumif;usKd;twGuftoHk;ûyonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf
ynwfw&m;\tjypfwifpGyfpGJjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYtm; c&pfawmfxHodkY
armif;ydkYay;onf/ xdktaMumif;aMumihf ynwfw&m;ESihf{0Ha*vdw&m;
wdkYonf qefYusifjcif;r&SdMuyg/ ¤if;wdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;
twGuf twlwuGvkyfaqmif&ef bk&m;ocifwrif&nf&G,fawmfrlonf/
]]or®musrf;pm (*vmwd 3;24) wGif oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf
onf wrefawmf (aygvk) rSwpfqifh txl;ojzihfynwfawmftaMumif;
udk ajymawmfrlonf/ ynwfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; tjypfudkazmfjy
um c&pfawmftm;vdktyfjcif;udkvnf;aumif;? bk&m;ocifxHaemifw&
NyD;? ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf tjypfvTwfjcif;ESihfNidrfouf
jcif;twGuf udk,fawmfxHodkYay;&efvdktyfjcif;udkvnf;aumif; uREfkyfwdkY
tm;pdwfxJücHpm;apaonf/ (Selected Messages, book 1, p. 234).
oif\tûytrl? pum;rsm;ESihftawG;rsm;udk ynwfawmfESihf
aemufqHk;EdIif;,SOfaomtcsdefonf tb,fenf;/ ,ckyif ynwfawmf
\pmom;ESihfrQomru? ynwfawmf\qdkvdk&if;ESihfvnf;EdIif;,SOfyg (róJ
5;28/ a&mr 7;6)/ oifrnfrQwdk;wufrI&Sdoenf;/ oifhtajzonf
þMo0g'pmrS aygvk\qdkvdk&if;udk oifhtm;rnfuJhodkYajymjyoenf;/
Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 10
ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)
ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)ynwfawmfESih f,HkMunfol (*vmwd 3;25)
rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf *vmwd 3;25 rS aygvk\a&;om;
csufudk ynwfawmfudkvHk;0xkwfy,fjcif;uJhodkY teufjyefqdkMuonf/
91 92
odkY&mwGif tjcm;usrf;csufrsm;rS ynwfawmftaMumif;ESifhywfoufNyD;
aygvk\tûyoabmaqmifaoma&;om;csufudkaxmuf½Iaomf? þt&m
rSmt"dyÜg,fr&Sdacs/
xdkodkYqdkaomf olonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/
yxrtaejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfw&m;\tjypfwifpGyfpGJ
jcif;udk rcHMu&awmhacs/ (a&mr 8;3)/ ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf? uREfkyf
wdkYonf c&pfawmfü&Sdum u½kPmw&m;atmufüae&aomtcGihfudk
arGUavsmfaeMuonf (a&mr 6;14?15)/ þt&monf uREfkyfwdkYtm;
c&pfawmf\tapudkpdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJhcH,l&ef vGwfvyfrIudkay;um?
xdkvGwfvyfrIatmufwGif trSm;ûyvkyfrdjcif;twGuf tjypfwifjcif;udk
aMumufae&efrvdkawmhacs/ ¤if;onf {0Ha*vdw&m;ü ppfrSefaomvGwfvyf
rIESihfvGwfvyfcGihfjzpfum? vlwcsKdUu c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;onf ynwf
awmfudkapmihfxdef;&efrvdkawmhacs[laomajymqdkcsufESihf vHk;0jcm;em;onf/
xdkYtpm;? ynwfawmfudkrvdkufavQmufjcif;onf tjypfjzpfum? tjypf
w&m;onf vGwfvyfjcif;udkray;Edkifacs (a,m[ef 8;34)/
a&mr 8;1-3 udkzwfyg/ ynwfawmf\tjypfpD&ifjcif;rcH&
awmhNyDqdkonfrSmtb,fenf;/ þtHhzG,for®mw&m;onf uREfkyfwdkY
touf&SifaexdkifyHkudk rnfuJhodkYtusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdoenf;/
c&pfawmftm;jzihf cGihfvTwfjcif;cH&NyD;aomtcg? ynwfawmfESihf
uREfkyfwdkY\qufqHa&;onf ,ckwGifjcm;em;oGm;NyDjzpfonf/ ,ckwGif
uREfkyfwdkYonf udk,fawmfESpfoufonfhtoufwmrsKd;jzihftouf&Sif&ef
ac:awmfrljcif;cH&Muonf (1ouf 4;1)/ aygvkonf þt&mudk
0dnmOfawmftvdkodkYvdkufjcif;[kñTef;qdkonf (*vmwd 5;18)/ þtcsufu
ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkusihfoHk;&efrvdkawmhyg[laom t"dyÜg,frouf
a&mufacs/ ynwfapmihf&efvdkrvdk[laomjyóemr[kwfacs/ ynwf
awmfonf tjypfw&m;udk&Sif;vif;pGmay:vGifaponfudk uREfkyfwdkYjrifawGU
NyD;aomtcg rnfuJhodkYjzpfrnfenf;/
xdkYtpm;? ynwfawmfonf bk&m;ocif\pm&dwåawmfudk
azmfjyaejcif;aMumihf ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmufjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf
udk,fawmf\pm&dwåawmfudk tvG,fwula&mifjyef[yfjcif;jzpfonf/
xdkxufru? pnf;urf;tpHkudkvdkufavQmufaejcif;omru? ynwfawmf
onf rpGrf;aqmifEdkifaomt&mudk uREfkyfwdkYtwGufvkyfaqmifay;awmf
rlaom a,½I\yHkerlemudkvdkufavQmufjcif;jzpfonf/ udk,fawmfonf
uREfkyfwdkYpdwfESvHk;xJwGif ynwfawmfudka&;om;um (a[jAJ 8;10)?
ynwfawmf\w&m;ojzihfawmif;qdkcsufudk uREfkyfwdkYüjynfhpHkap&ef
udk,fawmfjzpfEkdifapawmfrlonf (a&mr 8;4)/ qdkvdkonfrSm a,½IESihf
uREfkyfwdkY\qufqHa&;tm;jzihf ,ciftcsdefxuf? uREfkyfwdkYonf ,ck
wGifynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmuf&ef wefcdk;udk&&SdMuonf/
a&mr 8;4 udkzwfyg/ aygvkbmajymaeoenf;/ þuwd
awmfonf oifhtoufwmüodomxif&Sm;onfudk rnfuJhodkYawGUjrifcJh
oenf;/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif? rnfonfhtûyoabmaqmifaomajymif;vJ
rIrsm; oifêuHawGUaeapumrl? tb,faMumihfu,fwifjcif;onf uREfkyf
wdkYtwGuf c&pfawmfvkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomt&mtay: wpfckwnf;üom
vQif tjrJwrf;tajccH&rnfenf;/
aomMum Mo*kwf 11
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]*vmwdMo0g'pmrS ynwfw&m;ESihfywfoufí uRefrtar;cH&
onf/ c&pfawmfxHodkY uREfkyfwdkYudk,laqmifaom udk,fydkifausmif;q&m
onf tb,fynwfjzpfoenf;/ uRefr\tajzrSm 0denf;xHk;zGJUynwfrsm;
ESihfynwfawmf (10) yg;jzpfonf [líjzpfonf/
93 94
]]c&pfawmfonf ,k'tzGJUtpnf;wpfckvHk;\tajccHtkwfjrpfjzpf
onf/ tmaAv\aojcif;onf c&pfawmfudkñTefjyonfh ,ZfaumifylaZmf
jcif;jzihf o½kyfazmfjyaoma,½Ic&pfawmf\taoG;awmftm;jzihf u,fwif
jcif;&&Sd&ef bk&m;ocif\tMuHtpnfawmfudk um£erSjiif;y,fjcif;\&v'f
jzpfonf/ þavmutwGufoGef;avmif;rnfh c&pfawmf\taoG;awmfudk
yHkaqmifaomaoG;oGef;jcif;udk um£ejiif;y,fcJhonf/ þtpDtpOfwpfck
vHk;udk bk&m;ocifjyifqifawmfrlcJhum? c&pfawmfonf xdkpepfwpfckvHk;
\tajctjrpfjzpfvmawmfrlcJhonf/ þt&mrSm tjypf&Sdaomvlom;rsm;
udk ,k'tzGJUtpnf;wpfckvHk;\tkwfjrpfjzpfawmfrlaom c&pfawmfxHodkY
ac:aqmif&ef udk,fydkifausmif;q&muJhodkY ynwfw&m;\vkyfief;tpyif
jzpfacsonf/
]]wJawmfESihfqufpyfí vkyfief;xrf;aqmifoltm;vHk;udk vlom;
rsKd;EG,fudk,fpm; c&pfawmf\Mum;0ifa&mufpGufzufjcif;ESihfoufqdkifí
tjrJwrf;ynmay;onf/ þwJawmfvkyfief;onf udk,fawmhfEkdifiHawmf\
ynwfawmfjzpfaom bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudkcspfaompdwfESvHk;rsm;
zefwD;ay;&ef yHkpHa&;qGJjcif;jzpfonf/ (E. G. White, Selected Messages,
book 1, p. 233).
]]ynwfawmf (10) yg;udk oem;jcif;u½kPmbufrS½IjrifouJh
odkY wm;jrpfjcif;½IaxmihfrSMunfh&efr[kwfacs/ ¤if;\wm;jrpfcsufrsm;
onf em;axmifoltwGuf aysmf&Tifjcif;udkaocsmaponfhtmrcHaomt&m
rsm;jzpfonf/ c&pfawmfüvufcH&&Sdaomtcg? xm0&umvywfvHk; uREfkyf
wdkYtm;aysmf&Tifjcif;ay;rnfh pifMu,faomtoufwmodkY ydkYaqmifvdrfhrnf/
em;axmifaomolwdkYtwGuf ¤if;onf tumtuG,fay;aomeH&HwHwdkif;
jzpfonf/ (E. G. White, Selected Messages, book 1, p. 235).
-0-
oifcef;pm (8)oifcef;pm (8)oifcef;pm (8)oifcef;pm (8)oifcef;pm (8)
uReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkYuReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkYuReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkYuReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkYuReftjzpfrStarGcHtjzpfodkY
Mo*kwf 12 - 18Mo*kwf 12 - 18Mo*kwf 12 - 18Mo*kwf 12 - 18Mo*kwf 12 - 18
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Mo*kwf 12 Mo*kwf 12 Mo*kwf 12 Mo*kwf 12 Mo*kwf 12
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 3;26-4;20/ a&mr 6;1-11/
a[jAJ 2;14-18/ 4;14?15/ a&mr 9;4?5/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]]]
]]]]]]odkYjzpfí oifwdkYonf aemufwpfzeftaptyg;uRefrjzpf?odkYjzpfí oifwdkYonf aemufwpfzeftaptyg;uRefrjzpf?
odkYjzpfí oifwdkYonf aemufwpfzeftaptyg;uRefrjzpf?odkYjzpfí oifwdkYonf aemufwpfzeftaptyg;uRefrjzpf?odkYjzpfí oifwdkYonf aemufwpfzeftaptyg;uRefrjzpf?
om;yifjzpfMu\/ om;jzpfvQif c&pfawmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\om;yifjzpfMu\/ om;jzpfvQif c&pfawmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\
om;yifjzpfMu\/ om;jzpfvQif c&pfawmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\om;yifjzpfMu\/ om;jzpfvQif c&pfawmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\om;yifjzpfMu\/ om;jzpfvQif c&pfawmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\
tarGcHvnf;jzpfMu\}} (*vmwd 4;7)/tarGcHvnf;jzpfMu\}} (*vmwd 4;7)/
tarGcHvnf;jzpfMu\}} (*vmwd 4;7)/tarGcHvnf;jzpfMu\}} (*vmwd 4;7)/tarGcHvnf;jzpfMu\}} (*vmwd 4;7)/
aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; uRefrsm;uJhodkYtouf&Sifrûyrl
awmhbJ? &ydkifcGihfESihftcGihfta&;rsm;tm;vHk;jzihf bk&m;ocif\om;orD;
rsm;uJhodkY touf&SifMu&efajymqdkonf/ þor®mw&m;udk vli,frmwif
vlomonf rod&Sdem;rvnfcJhacs/ rdrd\tjypfonf omíeuf½dIif;vm
onf[k ,HkMunfvufcHvmaomtcg? þvli,fonf rdrd\tusihf
tm;jzihf cGihfvTwfjcif;ESihfNidrfoufjcif;&&Sd&ef êud;pm;cJhonf/ olonf
tpma&Smifjcif;? rtdyfraeqkawmif;yw¬em&Gwfzwfjcif;tm;jzihf tcufcJ
qHk;aomtoufwmESihfaexdkifum? c&pf,mefbkef;BuD;b0jzihf rdrd\
raumif;rIrsm;udkESdrfeif;&ef rdrdudk,fudkESdyfpufaomfvnf; vGwfajrmufjcif;
r&&SdcJhacs/ bk&m;ocifa½SUarSmufwGif oabmusp&mjzpfapEkdifrnfh
pifMu,faomESvHk;om;&&Sd&eftvdkYiSm ol\pGefYvTwftepfemcHrIrsm;udk
vufravQmhcJhacs/ aemufydkif;wGif olajymcJhonfrSm olonf rdrd\
bmoma&;pnf;rsOf;rsm;udk usyfusyfwnf;wnf;vdkufavQmufaom
95 96
bmoma&;udkif;½dIif;olc&pf,mefbkef;BuD;jzpfaMumif;? odkYaomf olonf
rdrdtxJüNidrfoufjcif;&SmrawGUaMumif;ajymqdkcJhonf/ ]]wu,fvdkY
bkef;BuD;wpfyg;[m olY&JUbkef;BuD;eJYqdkifwJhtvkyfawGudkvkyfvdkY aumif;uif
EdkifiHa&mufr,fqdk&if? igawmhwu,faumif;uifa&mufr,f}} odkY&mwGif
tvkyfrjzpfcJhacs/
*vmwdMo0g'pmüazmfjyouJhodkY c&pfawmftm;jzihf u,fwif
jcif;&&SdaMumif; or®mw&m;udkpwifem;vnfoabmaygufvmaomtcg
rSomvQif olonf rdrd\0dnmOftwGuf 0dnmOfa&;vGwfvyfrIESihfarQmfvihf
jcif;rsKd;udk pwifcGihf&vmcJhonf/ ¤if;\tusKd;quftaejzihf uREfkyfwdkY
\urÇmBuD;onf vHk;0udkajymif;vJoGm;cJhayonf/
we*FaEG Mo*kwf 13 Mo*kwf 13 Mo*kwf 13 Mo*kwf 13 Mo*kwf 13
c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdk Y\tajctae (*vmwd 3;26-29)c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdk Y\tajctae (*vmwd 3;26-29)
c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdk Y\tajctae (*vmwd 3;26-29)c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdk Y\tajctae (*vmwd 3;26-29)c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdk Y\tajctae (*vmwd 3;26-29)
*vmwd 3;25 udk pdwfxJwGifpOf;pm;&if;? *vmwd 3;26 udk
zwfyg/ þusrf;csufonf ynwfawmfESihfuREfkyfwdkY\qufpyfrIonf
rnfonfht&mjzpfonfudkvnf;aumif;? ,ckwGif uREkfyfwdkYonf a,½I
tm;jzihfa&G;Ekwfjcif;cH&NyD;jzpfonfudkvnf;aumif; em;vnf&efrnfuJhodkY
ulnDoenf;/
]]tb,fodkYenf;[lrlum;}} [laompum;vHk;jzihf tcef;i,f 26
udktpûyjcif;u aygvkonf þusrf;csufESihftvsifusaomtcef;i,f
(25) wdkYonf wdkuf½dkufqufoG,faMumif;jrifonf/ ocif\om;onf
pmoifay;aomq&m\vufatmufwGif&Sdaeoa&GUumvywfvHk; olonf
i,f&G,fEke,folomjzpfouJhodkY? c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfvmaomolwdkYonf
i,f&G,fEke,folrsm;rjzpfawmhaMumif; olwdkYonf ,ckwGift&G,fa&muf
NyD;aom bk&m;ocif\ ]]om;rsm;}} jzpfMuaomaMumihf ynwfawmfESihf
olwdkY\qufqHrIonf ajymif;vJoGm;aMumif; aygvkajymqdkaeonf/
trSefrSm ]]om;}} [laoma0g[m&onf trsKd;om;rsm;twGuf
oD;oefYr[kwfacs/ þtwef;pm;xJwGif trsKd;orD;rsm;vnf; aygvk
&Sif;vif;pGmxnfhoGif;onf (*vmwd 3;28)/ ]]om;orD;rsm;}} tpm;
]]om;rsm;}} [laompum;vHk;udktoHk;ûyjcif;rSm ]]bk&m;ocif\om;rsm;}}
[laompum;pkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;xJwGif £oa&vvlrsKd;wdkY\txl;
*kPfaqmifowfrSwfcsufjzpfaeonfhtcsufESihftwl rdom;pktarGqufcH
jcif;udk om;xHvufqifhurf;jcif;wdkYonf olYpdwfxJwGif&SdaeaomaMumihf
jzpfonf (w&m;a[m 14;1/ a[ma&S 11;1)/ c&pfawmfürlum;?
wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonfvnf;? ,ckwGif £oa&vwdkYtwGufoD;oefY
jzpfcJhaom bk&m;ocifESihftxl;qufqHjcif;üarGUavsmf&MuNyDjzpfonf/
xdkuJhodkYcrf;em;onfhjzpf&yfrsKd;zefwD;ay;onfh ESpfjcif;onf
tb,fenf;/
tcef;i,f 27 onf tvsiftcef;i,frsm;rS rdrd\tusKd;oifh
taMumif;oifhawG;ac:rIudk qufvufwdk;wufwnfaqmufûyjyifjcif;
jzpfonf/ ESpfjcif;cHjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmudk c&pfawmfESihf
aygif;pyf&ef tajccHususqHk;jzwfcsufjzpfaMumif; aygvkjrifonf/ a&mr
6 wGif? ESpfjcif;onf udk,fawmf\aojcif;ESihfxajrmufjcif;ESpfckpvHk;ü
a,½IESihfaygif;pnf;jcif;udkyHkaqmifaMumif; olazmfjyonf/ *vmwdMo0g'pm
wGif aygvkonf OyrmudktoHk;ûyonfrSm ESpfjcif;onf c&pfawmfudk
,lwif0wfqifjcif;jzpfaMumif;qdkxm;onf/ aygvk\a0g[m&toHk;tEIef;
onf "r®a[mif;usrf;rSajzmihfrwfjcif;ESihfu,fwifjcif;udk0wfqifjcif;
taMumif;azmfjyonfh "r®a[mif;usrf;rSESpfoufzG,fusrf;ydk'frsm; (a[&Sm,
61;10/ a,mb 29;14 wdkYudkzwfyg) udk ,loHk;jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]aygvk
onf ESpfjcif;udk c&pfawmfonf t0wftpm;uJhodkY,HkMunfoludkywfûcH
ay;onfhtcsdefuJhodkY½Ijrifonf/ olonf ajzmihfrwfjcif;[laoma0g[m&
udkroHk;aomfvnf;? aygvkonf ¤if;udk,HkMunfolrsm;tay:tyfESif;onf
jzpfaMumif; azmfjyonf}} (Frank J. Matera, Galatians, p. 145).
F- 7
97 98
uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfESihftwlaygif;pnf;jcif;udk ESpfjcif;jzihf
yHkaqmifjcif;onf c&pfawmftwGufrSefuefouJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYtwGufvnf;
rSefuefaomt&mjzpfonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf c&pfawmfonf tmjA[H
\ ]]trsKd;?}} ]]xdkocifESihfqufqHaomtarGcH}} (a&mr 8;17) jzpfouJhodkY
,kHMunfolrsm;onfvnf; tmjA[HESihfol\trsKd;tEG,ftm;vHk;udkay;
aomy#dnmOfESihfqdkifaomuwdawmfudk tarGcHolrsm;jzpfMuonf/
c&pfawmftwGufrSefuefouJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYtwGufvnf;rSefuef
onf[laomtcsufay:awG;Munfhyg/ þtHhzG,for®mw&m;onf uREfkyf
wdkYtoufwm\u@pHkudk rnfuJhodkYtusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdoenf;/
wevFm Mo*kwf 14
tajccHavmuDw&m;üuRefûyjcif;tajccHavmuDw&m;üuRefûyjcif;
tajccHavmuDw&m;üuRefûyjcif;tajccHavmuDw&m;üuRefûyjcif;tajccHavmuDw&m;üuRefûyjcif;
bk&m;ocifESihfuREfkyfwdkY\qufqHa&;udk om;rsm;ESihftarGcHrsm;
wdkYESihf EdIif;,SOfrIûyvkyfNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf *vmwd 4;1-3 rStarG
qufcHjcif;tmabmfudk xnfhoGif;jcif;jzihf þtxufygwifpm;rIudk
tus,fw0ifh&Sif;jyonf/ aygvkoHk;EIef;aoma0g[m&onf tdrf&majruGuf
tus,fBuD;ydkif&SifaoqHk;NyD;? rdrdydkifqdkifrItm;vHk;udk om;BuD;tm;csefxm;
cJhonfhtajctaersKd;udk xif[yfaponf/ odkYaomfvnf; olYom;onf
vlrrnfomjzpfaeao;onf/ ,aeYaowrf;pmudpöESihf rMumcPjzpfwwf
ouJhodkYyif zcif\aowrf;pmonf xdkom;onft&G,fra&mufrD tkyfxdef;
olESihfBuD;MuyfolvufatmufwGif&Sdae&rnfjzpfaMumif; pnf;urf;owfrSwf
xm;onf/ xdkom;onf pmcsKyfpmwrf;t& zcif\ajruGuftay:
vkyfydkifcGihf&Sdygaomfvnf;? olonf Eke,foljzpfaeaomaMumihf vufawGU
wGif uRefwpfOD;xuftenf;i,frQomomonf/
txufygaygvk\EdIif;,SOfrIonf *vmwd 3;24 rSpmoif
q&mESihftvm;oP²mefwlaomfvnf; þtajctaerSb@mpdk;ESihf
refae*sm\MoZmtmPmonf rsm;pGmomvGefum? omírsm;pGmta&;BuD;
onf/ olwdkY\wm0efrSm ocif\om;udkajrawmifajr§mufjcif;twGuf
omru? xdkom;onf vkyfief;wm0efvkyfaqmif&ef t&G,fra&mufrD
tcsdefxd aiGa&;aMu;a&;ESifhtkyfxdef;a&;udpörsm;tm;vHk;udk aqmif&Guf&
jcif;jzpfonf/
*vmwd 4;1-3 udkzwfyg/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ,ckc&pfawmfü&Sd
aeMuNyD;aemuf? uREfkyfwdkYtoufwmwGif ynwfawmf\tcef;u@onf
rnfonfht&mjzpfonf[k aygvkonf rnfuJhodkYtvG,fwulem;vnf
atmif&Sif;jyoenf;/
]](tajccH) avmuDw&m;}} (*vmwd 4;3?8) [laompum;pk
onf aygvkurnfonfht&mtwdtusqdkvdkonfudk tjiif;yGm;aeMu
onf/ stoicheia [laom Greek pum;vHk;onf ]]tajccHoabmw&m;}}
[lí wdkuf½dkufqdkvdkonf/ wcsKdUaomolwdkYonf ¤if;udkpMu0Vm
zGJUpnf;rI\tajccHw&m;tjzpfazmfjycsufuJhodkYvnf;aumif; (2ay
3;10?12)/ odkYr[kwf þqdk;,kwfaomumvudkxdef;csKyfaom ewfqdk;
wefcdk;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; (aumavm 2;15)? odkYr[kwf bmoma&;
toufwm\tajccHpnf;rsOf;rsm;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; (a[jAJ 5;12)
½IjrifMuonf/ aygvkonf c&pfawmfr<uvmrD vlom;\tqifhtwef;
udk ]]Eke,folrsm;}} tjzpf (*vmwd 4;1-3) txl;ûyajymqdkjcif;onf
bmoma&;toufwm\tajccHpnf;rsOf;rsm;udk olonf &nfñTef;ajymqdk
aeaMumif;azmfjy&ma&mufonf/ xdkodkYqdkaomf aygvkajymqdkonfrSm
"r®a[mif;usrf;tcsdefuynwfw&m;rsm;ESihf,ZfylaZmfjcif;wdkYonf u,fwif
jcif;w&m;\t&if;cH {0Ha*vdw&m;rQomjzpfaMumif; [líjzpfonf/
xdktaMumif;aMumihf 0denf;xHk;zGJUESihfqdkifaomynwfw&m;rsm;onf
£oa&vwdkYtwGuf ta&;BuD;NyD;ñTefMum;csufrsm;ay;aeouJhodkY
99 100
¤if;wdkYonf aemufvmrnfht&m\t&dyfrQomjzpfonf/ xdkynwfw&m;wdkY
onf b,faomtcgrQ c&pfawmf\ae&mtpm;xdk;&ef&G,f&G,fjcif;r&SdcJhacs/
c&pfawmftpm; ynwfcsufrsm;jzihf rdrdtoufwmudkxdef;n§d
jcif;onf aemufaMumif;jyefvdkjcif;ESihftwlwlyifjzpfonf/ c&pfawmf
<uvmNyD;aemufydkif; *vmwdvlwdkYonf xdktajccHw&m;bufodkY
aemufaMumif;jyefvSnfhjcif;onf aygvk\Oyrmcdkif;EdIif;csufrS t&G,f
a&mufNyD;om;onf wpfzefi,f&G,foljyefjzpfcsifonfESihftvm;oP²mef
wlonf/
uav;uJhodkYaom,HkMunfjcif;onf tûyoabmaqmifaepOf
(róJ 18;3)? ¤if;onf 0dnmOfa&;&ifhusufjcif;ESihfwlygovm;/ (odkYr[kwf)
oifonf 0dnmOfa&;üBuD;xGm;av? ,HkMunfjcif;üuav;uJhodkYjzpfav
[k jiif;qdkí&ygrnfvm;/ oif\,HkMunfjcif;onf rnfrQuav;uJhodkY
jzpfí ]]tjypfuif;pif}} um? ,HkMunfudk;pm;rI&Sdoenf;/
t*Fg Mo*kwf 15
]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonfapvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonfapvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)
]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonfapvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonfapvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonfapvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)
]]tcsdefumvaphaomtcg? igwdkYonf om;\tcGifht&mudkcH
&rnftaMumif;? ynwfw&m;vufü&Sdaom igwdkYudka&G;Ekwfapjcif;iSm
rdef;r0rf;üy#doaE¨,lí ynwfw&m;atmufüzGm;jrif&aomom;awmfudk
bk&m;ocifonf apvTwfawmfrl\}} (*vmwd 4;4?5)/
aygvku ]]umvaphaomtcg}} [laompum;pkudktoHk;ûyjcif;
onf vlYordkif;wGif rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufudkazmfaqmif&mwGif bk&m;ocif
\xda&mufaomu@udkjyñTefonf/ a,½Iêudufonfhtcsdefra&G;<uvm
jcif;r[kwfacs/ udk,fawmfonf bk&m;ocifjyifqifawmfrlaomtcsdef
twdtuswGif<uvmawmfrlcJhonf/ orkdif;½IaxmihfrSMunfhaomf ¤if;tcsdef
onf ]]a&mrEkdifiHat;csrf;jcif;}} [kod&aom a&mrtifyg,mwpfavQmuf
ESpfaygif;ESpf&mtcsdefumvtwGif; wnfNidrfrIESihfNidrf;csrf;a&;&Sdaeaom
tcgor,jzpfonf/ a&mrwdkYonf ajrxJyifv,fa'oudkppfatmifEkdif
jcif;onf Nidrfoufjcif;? trsm;oHk;bmompum;? vrf;yef;c&D;tqifajy
acsmarGUjcif;ESihf {0Ha*vdw&m;vsifjrefpGmysHUESHYaponfh bHk,Ofaus;rIxGef;um;
jcif;wdkYudk ,laqmifvmcJhonf/ or®musrf;pm½IaxmihfrSMunfhaomf?
xdktcsdeftcgonf uwdxm;awmfrlaomar&Sd,<uvm&eftwGuf
bk&m;ocifowfrSwfawmfrlaomtcgor,jzpfonf ('Ha,v 9;24-
27 udkzwfyg)/
uREfkyfwdkYudka&G;Ekwf&ef tb,faMumihfc&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY
vlom;ZmwdudkcH,l&oenf;/ a,m[ef 1;14/ *vmwd 4;4?5/ a&mr
8;3?4/ 2aum 5;21/ zdvdyÜd 2;5-8/ a[jAJ 2;14-18/ 4;14?15/
*vmwd 4;4?5 onf or®musrf;pmrS{0Ha*vdw&m;udk vdk&if;
wdk&Sif;jzpfonfhusrf;csufwpfckjzpfonf/ vlYordkif;wGif a,½Iay:xGef;awmf
rljcif;onf trSwfrxifjzpf&yfr[kwfacs/ ]]om;awmfudkbk&m;ocifonf
apvTwfawmfrl\/}} wpfenf;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkY\
u,fwifjcif;udk tpûyawmfrlcJhonf/
þpum;vHk;rsm;onfvnf; c&pf,mefwdkY\tajccH,HkMunfcsuf
jzpfaom c&pfawmf\xm0&bk&m;jzpfaMumif;udk t<uif;rJhazmfjyonf
(a,m[ef 1;1-3?18/ zdvdyÜd 2;5-9/ aumavm 1;15-17)/ bk&m;ocif
onf aumif;uifwrefudkrapvTwfcJhacs/ oludk,fawmfwkdif<uvmawmfrl
cJhonf/
udk,fawmfonf tptOD;ü&SdESifhawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\om;
awmfjzpfaomfvnf;? a,½Ionf ]]rdef;rrSarG;zGm;ol}} vnf;jzpfawmfrl
onf/ þtcsufonf tysKdunmrSarG;zGm;jcif;udkqdkvdkaomfvnf;?
udk,fawmf\ppfrSefaomvlom;Zmwdudk omíwduscdkifrmpGmqdkvdkjcif;
jzpfonf/
101 102
]]ynwfw&m;atmufüzGm;jrif}} onf [laompum;pkonf
c&pfawmf\,k'rsKd;EG,fjzpfjcif;udkomru? uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfwif½Iwfcs
jcif;udkcH,lawmfrlonf [laomtcsufudkvnf;ñTefjyonf/
c&pfawmfonf uREkfyfwdkYvlom;ZmwdcH,l&efvdktyfonf? tb,f
aMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudkru,fwifEkdifaomaMumihfjzpf
onf/ rdrd\bk&m;Zmwdudk uREfkyfwdkY\us½HI;aomvlom;ZmwdESihfaygif;pyf
jcif;jzihf c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\tpm;xdk;? u,fwif&SifESihf
,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;jzpf&ef w&m;0ifabmif0ifawmfrlonf/ 'kwd,tm'H
taejzihf yxrtm'Honf em;raxmifjcif;aMumifh qHk;½HI;cJhaomt&m
tm;vHk;udkjyefa&G;,l&ef udk,fawmf<uvmawmfrlcJhonf (a&mr 5;12-
21)/ rdrd\em;axmifjcif;jzihf ynwfw&m;\awmif;qdkrIrsm;udk jynfhpHk
pGmjznfhpGufawmfrlum? xdkenf;tm;jzihf tm'H\0rf;enf;zG,fus½HI;jcif;rS
a&G;Ekwfawmfrlonf/ NyD;aemuf uyfwkdifay:rSrdrd\aojcif;tm;jzihf ynwf
w&m;awmif;qdkaom tjypfom;\aojcif;udk jznfhqnf;ay;awmfrlum
þtaMumif;aMumihf ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;ESihfqufuyftyfESHjcif;jzihf
rdrdxHodkYvmaomoltm;vHk;udk a&G;Ekwf&aomtcGihfudk&&Sdawmfrlonf/
Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 16
arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)
arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)arG;pm;jcif;\tcGihfta&;rsm; (*vmwd 4;5-7)
*vmwd 4;5-7 wGif c&pfawmfonf ]]ynwfw&m;atmufü
&Sdaom igwdkYudka&G;Ekwf}} (tcef;i,f 5) awmfrlonfudk tav;ay;
jcif;jzihf aygvkonf rdrd\tmabmfudkwdk;csJUvmonf/ ]]a&G;Ekwfonf}}
[laompum;vHk;onf ]]jyef0,f,lonf}} [kqdkvdkonf/ ¤if;onf
"m;pmcH (odkYr[kwf) uRefwpfOD;\vGwfvyfrIudk 0,f,l&efay;acs&
onfhtzdk;tcudk&nfñTef;onf/ þtajctaet&qdkaomf a&G;Ekwfjcif;
onf tysufoabmaqmifaomaemufcHtaMumif;jzpfonfh wpfpHkwpfOD;
onfvGwfajrmufjcif;&&Sd&efvdktyfaMumif;udk ñTefjyonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf rnfonfht&mrSvGwfajrmuf&efvdktyfoenf;/
"r®opfusrf;onf tjcm;t&mxJrSav;ckudkwifjyxm;onf/ (1) ewfqdk;
ESihfol\vSnfhjzm;rIrsm;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a[jAJ 2;14?15)? (2) aojcif;
rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (1aum 15;56?57)/ (3) obm0tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY
tm; uRefûyaomwefcdk;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a&mr 6;22) ESihf (4) ynwf
w&m;\tjypfwif½Iwfcsjcif;rSvGwfajrmuf&ef (a&mr 3;19-24/ *vmwd
3;13/ 4;5) wdkYjzpfMuonf/
c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf&,lay;cJhonfh a&G;Ekwfjcif;t&m
ü rnfonfhtûyoabmaqmifaom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;5-
7/ {zuf 1;5/ a&mr 8;15?16?23/ 9;4?5/
c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufNyD;ajrmufapawmfrlcJhaomt&m
udk ]]u,fwifjcif;}} tjzpf uREfkyfwdkYrMumcPajymqdkMuonf/ þt&m
onf rSefuefaomfvnf;? aygvkonf wpfrlxl;ítoHk;ûyaom ]]arG;pm;
jcif;}} [laompum;vHk;uJhodkY&Sif;vif;um o½kyfazmfjyEdkifjcif;r&Sdacs/
þpum;vHk;udk "r®opfusrf;wGiftoHk;ûyolrSm aygvkwpfOD;wnf;jzpf
aomfvnf; Greek tawG;tac:vTrf;rdk;aom a&mrtifyg,mwGifarG;pm;
jcif;rSm vlodrsm;aomOya'qdkif&mvkyfief;pOfjzpfonf/ aygvktcsdefu
a&mr{u&mZfrif;wcsKdUonf w&m;0iftarGcHr&Sdaomtcg rdrd&mxl;udk
qufcHrnfharG;pm;om;rsm;udk a&G;cs,favh&SdMuonf/ arG;pm;jcif;wGif
tcGihfta&;rsm;pGmudk tmrcHcsufay;onf/ ]](1) arG;pm;om;onf arG;pm;
ol\om;trSefjzpfvmonf/ (2) arG;pm;olonf xdkuav;udkaumif;rGef
pGmajrawmifajr§mufay;&efESihf tpm;tpm? t0wftpm;vdktyfcsufrsm;udk
pDpOfay;&efoabmwlxm;onf/ (3) arG;pm;olonf rdrd\arG;pm;om;
udkpGefYy,fír&acs/ (4) xdkuav;udk uReftqifhodkYavQmhcsír&yg/
(5) xdkuav;\arG;onfhrdbwdkYonf olYudkjyefawmif;,lydkifcGihfr&Sdacs/
(6) xdkarG;pm;jcif;onf tarGcH&aomtcGihfudkjrJjrHaponf/}} (Derek R.
Moore-Crispin, Galatians 4:1-9: The Use and Abuse of Parallels, “The
Evangelical Quarterly, vol. LXI/No. 3 (1989), p. 216.
103 104
avmutqifhwGif þtcGihfta&;rsm;udktmrcHay;xm;aomf?
bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;tjzpf uREfkyfwdkYtm;arG;pm;jcif;ü rnfrQomí
BuD;rm;aomtcGihfta&;rsm;&Sdrnfudk awG;Munfhyg/
*vmwd 4;6 udkzwfNyD;? a[jAJpum;vHk; Abba (tb)onf
tazudk,aeY ]]',f'D}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]yg;yg;}} [kac:ouJhodkY rdrdwdkY\
zcifudk om;orD;rsm;uac:&mwGif toHk;ûyaompum;vHk;jzpfonfudk
em;vnfyg/ a,½Ionf ¤if;udkqkawmif;&mwGiftoHk;ûyonf (rmuk
14;36)/ xdkaemuf bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf
bk&m;ocifudk ]]tb}} [kac:&aomtcGihfvnf;&Sdonf/ oifhudk,fydkif
toufwmü þuJhodkYaombk&m;ocifESihfeD;eD;uyfuyfqufqHrIrsKd;&Sdonf
udk oifaysmf&Tifygovm;/ tu,fí raysmf&Tifaomfrnfonfhjyóem
&Sdoenf;/ þeD;pyfrI&&Sd&ef rnfonfhajymif;vJrIudkazmfaqmif&rnfenf;/
Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 17
tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)
tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)tb,faMumihfwpfzefuRefcHvdkMuoenf; (*vmwd 4;8-20)
*vmwd 4;8-20 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrSaygvkajymaeaom
t&mudk atmufygrsOf;rsm;ay:wGiftwdkcsKH;yg/ *vmwdvlwdkYxJu
rSm;,Gif;aomoGefoifcsufrsm;udk olonf rnfrQta&;xm;oenf;/
-------------------------------------------------------------------
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aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkY\bmoma&;usihfpOfrsm;oabmobm0
twdtusudk razmfjyaomfvnf;? 0dnmOfa&;uRefûycH&jcif;jzpfapaom
rSm;,Gif;aom0wfûyudk;uG,frIpepfonf pdwfxJü&SdaeaMumif; &Sif;aeay
onf/ trSefwu,f¤if;rSm tvGeftEÅ&m,fBuD;NyD; zsufqD;EdkifpGrf;BuD;
onf[k ol,lqaomaMumihf pdwfcHpm;rItjynfhESifhpma&;um? olwdkY\
vkyf&yfonf om;tjzpfrSuRefb0odkYvSnhfjyefoGm;jcif;ESihfwlaMumif;
*vmwdvlwdkYudk owday;jcif;jzpfonf/
aygvkonf tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;udkrajymaomfvnf;?
olonf xdkrQavmufuefYuGufap&ef *vmwdvlwdkYonf rnfonfht&m
udkûyvkyfonf[k aygvkajymqdkoenf;/ *vmwd 4;9-11/
aygvk\ ]]ESpf? v? aeY&uf? tcsdefumv}} (*vmwd 4;10)
[laomajymqdkcsufudk vltrsm;onf 0denf;xHk;zGJUynwfrsm;udkomru?
OykofaeYudkvnf; uefYuGufonfhyHkpHrsKd;jzihfteufjyefqdkMuonf/ odkYaomf
jim;vnf; xdkuJhodkYaomteufjyefqdkjcif;onf xif&Sm;onfhoufao
taxmuftxm;\jyifybufodkY a&muf&SdoGm;onf/ tu,fí aygvk
onf ,HkMunfoltopfrsm;twGuf OykofaeYESihftjcm;aom,k'vlwdkY
usihfpOfwcsKdUudk trSefwu,fa&G;cs,fazmfjyvdkonf&Sdaomf? aumavmoJ
2;16 wGif ¤if;wdkYudkemrnfwyfNyD; vG,fulpGmcGJjcm;a&G;xkwfEdkifaMumif;
xif&Sm;onf/ 'kwd,taejzihf *vmwdvlwdkYonf rnfonfht&myif
ûyvkyfaeapumrl? ¤if;onf c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;rStcsKyftaESmifodkY
olwdkYukdydkYaqmifaeaMumif; aygvk&Sif;vif;pGmazmfjyonf/ ]]tu,fí
owåraeYOykofudkapmihfjcif;onf vlwpfOD;udktcsKyftaESmif\om;aumif
jzpfapvQif? zefqif;&Sifonf urÇm hyxrqHk;OykofaeYukdapmihfawmfrlpOfu
rdrdudk,fudktcsKyftaESmifodkY ydkYaqmifjcif;jzpfaeayvdrfhrnf/}} (The SDA
Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 967). tu,fí OykofaeYudkpepfwusapmifh
jcif;onf vlwdkYtm;c&pfawmfü&SdaomolwdkY\vGwfvyfrIudk ydwfyifjcif;
jzpfaomf? tb,faMumihfa,½Ionf OykofaeYudkapmihf½Hkomru? wjcm;
olwdkYtm;rnfodkYrnfyHkapmihf&rnfudk oGefoifawmfrlcJhoenf;/ (rmuk
2;27?28/ vkum 13;10-16 wdkYudkzwfyg/)
c&pfawmfü&Sdaom uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIudk,lypfEkdifonfh
owåraeYajrmfvihfjcif;toif\usihfpOfwpfckckrsm;&SdEkdifygovm;/ (odkYr[kwf)
xdkjyóemjzpfaeaomusihfpOfrsm;tpm;? ¤if;usihfpOfrsm;tay: uREfkyfwdkY
\pdwfaeoabmxm;onftb,fenf;/ *vmwdvlwdkYudk aygvkonf
105 106
jyif;xefpGmowday;&avmufonfh tcsKyftaESmifrsKd;xJodkYydkYaqmifEkdifonfh
rSm;,Gif;aompdwfaeoabmxm;onftb,fenf;/
aomMum Mo*kwf 18
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]aumif;uiftpnf;ta0;wGif vlwdkYonf tjypfusL;vGefolrsm;
jzpfaomfvnf; olwdkY\em;raxmifjcif;aMumihf ysufpD;jcif;odkYra&mufbJ?
c&pfawmfudk rdrdwdkY\tpm;xdk;olESifhtmrcHoltjzpf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
udk,fawmfhpdwfqE´apwemrSef&Sdonftwkdif; rdrdtwGufa,½Itm;jzihf
tarGcHom;orD;rsm;jzpfap&ef bk&m;ocifêudwifjyXmef;aom a&G;aumuf
cHrsm;jzpfvmEkdif&eftvdkYiSm taxmuftyHhudkûyvkyfcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ vlom;
tm;vHk;udku,fwif&ef bk&m;ociftvdk&Sdawmfrlonf/ vlom;rsm;udk
a&G;Ekwf&ef rdrd\wpfyg;wnf;aomom;awmfudkay;jcif;jzihf jynfhpHkvHkavmuf
aomtaxmuftyHhudk ûyvkyfcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ vlwcsKdUonf ysufpD;Mu
vdrfhrnf? tb,faMumihfqdkaomf olwdkYonf c&pfawmfa,½Itm;jzihf
bk&m;ocif\tarGcHom;orD;rsm;jzpf&ef jiif;qefMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
vlwdkY\rmefrmeonf u,fwifjcif;taxmuftyHhudkvufcHjcif;rS wm;qD;
xm;onf/ odkYaomf vl\ukodkvfonf bk&m;ocif\a½SUawmfwGif
vufcHEdkifzG,fr&Sdacs/ vlwpfOD;tm; bk&m;ocifa½SUwGifvufcHapEkdifaom
t&mrSm udk,fawmf\emrawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf c&pfawmfay;aom
aus;Zl;awmfjzpfonf/ tusihfrsm; (odkYr[kwf) bk&m;ocifa&G;cs,faom
vlrsm;jzpfaMumif; oufaotjzpf pdwfaysmf&Tifjcif;ü rSDwG,faeír&acs/
taMumif;rSm a&G;aumufcH&olrsm;onf c&pfawmftm;jzihfa&G;cs,fjcif;
jzpfonf/}} (Ellen G. White, “Chosen in Christ,” Signs of the Times,
January 2, 1893.
-0-
oifcef;pm (9)oifcef;pm (9)oifcef;pm (9)oifcef;pm (9)oifcef;pm (9)
aygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsufaygvk\oif;tkyfq&mavoHjzihfawmif;cHcsuf
Mo*kwf 19 - 25Mo*kwf 19 - 25Mo*kwf 19 - 25Mo*kwf 19 - 25Mo*kwf 19 - 25
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Mo*kwf 19Mo*kwf 19Mo*kwf 19Mo*kwf 19Mo*kwf 19
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 4;12-20/ 1aum 11;1/ zdvdyÜd
3;17/ 1aum 9;19-23/ 2aum 4;7-12/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]]]
]]]]]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpf
nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfnDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYuJhodkYigjzpf\/ iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpf
Muavmh[k igawmif;yef\}} (*vmwd 4;12)/Muavmh[k igawmif;yef\}} (*vmwd 4;12)/
Muavmh[k igawmif;yef\}} (*vmwd 4;12)/Muavmh[k igawmif;yef\}} (*vmwd 4;12)/Muavmh[k igawmif;yef\}} (*vmwd 4;12)/
,cktcsdefxd uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhorQwGif aygvkonf *vmwd
vlwdkYukdwJhwdk;ajymjcif;r&Sdao;acs/ odkYaomfvnf; ol\jyif;xefaom
pum;rsm;onf olwnfaxmifcJhaomtoif;awmf\0dnmOfa&;aumif;pm;
a&;ESihfoufqdkifí olcHpm;&aompdwfxufoefjyif;jyrIudk a&mifjyef[yf
jcif;omjzpfonf/ aygvkudkifwG,faeaom ta&;ygonfhbmoma&;
oGefoifrIta&;udpötjyif? tMurf;tm;jzihf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;ay;ydkYaom
Mo0g'pmonf rSefuefaom,HkMunfcsuf rnfrQta&;BuD;aMumif;udkvnf;
jyoonf/ tu,fí uREkfyfwdkY,HkMunfonfht&monf xdkodkYta&;
rBuD;aomf? tu,fí ,HkMunfcsuf\rSefuefrIonf xdkrQavmufta&;
rygcJhaomf? tb,faMumihfaygvkonf ol\Mo0g'pmwGif tvGefpdwftm;
xufoefNyD;? tavQmhray;bJaeoenf;/ uREfkyfwdkY,HkMunfaomt&monf
tvGefyifta&;BuD;onfrSm trSeftuefjzpfonf/ txl;ojzihf {0Ha*vd
w&m;udpöwpfckvHk;twGuf ta&;BuD;onf/
107 108
aygvkonf rdrd\csOf;uyfyHktenf;i,fajymif;vJaomfvnf;
*vmwd 4;12-20 wGif rdrd\tus,fw0ifha[majymcsufudk qufajym
aeonf/ aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olwdkYtrSm;azsmif;zs&eftao;
pdwfNyD;? bmoma&;oGefoifrIuRrf;usifpGmjzihf tusKd;aMumif;oifhaqG;aEG;
cJhNyD;jzpfum? ,ckwGifrl olonf yk*d¾Kvfa&;qefaom w&m;a[mq&m
\avoHjzihf arwåm&yfcHvmonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYtay: trSefwu,f
pdwf0ifpm;rIr&Sdaom rdpämq&mrsm;uJhodkYr[kwfbJ? aygvkonf xdef;ausmif;
&cufcJaom rdrd\odk;pktwGuf aumif;aomodk;xdef;\ppfrSefaom
pdwf0ifpm;rI? ylyefaomu? arQmfvihfcsufESihf cspfjcif;wdkYudkazmfjyonf/
olonf bmoma&;oGefoifcsufudk jyefwnfhrwfay;onfomru?
olcspfaomolwdkYtm;ûypk&ef êud;pm;aeonf/
we*FaEG Mo*kwf 20 Mo*kwf 20 Mo*kwf 20 Mo*kwf 20 Mo*kwf 20
aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;
aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;aygvk\pdwfESvH k;
*vmwd 4;12-20 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufrSaygvkowif;
pum;\qdkvdk&if;onftb,fenf;/
aygvk\pdwfESvHk;udk av;vHpGmzdpD;aom ylyifaomutprSm
tcef;i,f 12 rS rdrd\udk,fa&;udk,fwmawmif;cHcsufjzpfonf/
xdkawmif;cHcsufonf ]]iguJhodkYoifwdkYjzpfMuavmh}} [laom aygvk\
*vmwdvlwdkYtm; ravQmhwrf;ajymqdkcsufaemufwGif uyfygvmonf/
]]tEl;tñGwfawmif;yefonf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]wdk;vQKd;awmif;yefonf}}
[laom pum;vHk;\ta&;ygrIudk wcsKdUaombmomjyefcsufwdkYwGif
t"dyÜg,fjynfhjynfh00razmfjyacs/ ¤if;\rl&if; Greek pum;vHk;rSm deomai
jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ]]wdkufwGef;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]tEl;tñGwfawmif;yef
onf}} [k bmomjyefqdkEkdifaomfvnf;? ¤if; Greek pum;vHk;onf
omíjyif;xefav;eufaomt"dyÜg,f&Sdonf (2aum 5;20/ 8;4/ 10;2
wdkYudkzwfyg)/ aygvkonf ]]oifwdkYtm;igtEl;tñGwfawmif;yefaeonf}}
[k ajymaejcif;jzpfonf/
aygvkonf bmoma&;oGefoifrIESihfqkdifaomt,ltqESihf
,HkMunfcsuf½IaxmihfwdkYudk pdwf0ifpm;ae½HkrQomr[kwfacs/ rdrdomoem
ûyjcif;rS c&pfawmfxHodkYac:aqmifvmaom olwdkY\toufwmtaMumif;
olYpdwfESvHk;ylyefaejcif;jzpfonf/ olonf rdrdudk,fudkrdwfaqGtqifhxuf
ru? olwdkY\0dnmOfa&;zcifjzpfum? olwdkYonf rdrd\om;orD;rsm;
tjzpfoabmxm;onf/ xdkxufru? aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf
pdwfylyefrIudk uav;arG;aomrdcif\pdk;&drfylyefrIESihf rcsdwifuJa0'em
wdkYESihfyHkcdkif;avh&Sdonf (*vmwd 4;19)/ olonf toif;awmfwnfaxmif
pOfu rdrd\,cif ]]êud;yrf;rI}} rsm;onf olwdkY\ ]]ab;uif;aom
rD;zGm;jcif;}} twGuf vHkavmufrI&Sdonf[k aygvkawG;cJhonf/ odkYaomf
vnf;,ckwGif *vmwdvlwdkYonf or®mw&m;rSvrf;vGJoGm;onfhtwGuf
aygvkonf olwdkY\aumif;pm;a&;aocsmap&eftvdkYiSm ¤if;rD;zGm;jcif;
a0'emudk aemufwpfcgjyefcHpm;ae&onf/
*vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf aygvkpdwfxJwGifrnfonfhyef;wdkif&Sdoenf;/
olwdkYudk,fpm; rdrd\ ]]êud;pm;rI}} rS rnfonfh&v'fudkoljrifcsifoenf;/
*vmwd 4;19/
*vmwdvlwdkYtm; om;tdrfxJüoaE¨wnfvmjcif;jzpfaMumif;
yxrtBudrfazmfjyNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf,ckwGifrl *vmwdvlwdkYtm;
udk,fwdkifrdcifrsm;jzpfonfhtvm; pum;ajymqdkonf/ ]]oaEwnfonf}}
[líjyefqdkaompum;vHk;udk aq;ynmt& oaEom;BuD;xGm;&ifhoefrIudk
ñTef;qdkonf/ þOyrmtm;jzihf wpfOD;csif;taejzihfjzpfap? toif;awmf
taejzihfjzpfap? c&pf,mefjzpf&jcif;\qdkvdk&if;rSm rnfonfht&mjzpfonf
udk aygvkazmfjyonf/ c&pfawmf\aemufvdkufjzpfjcif;onf ,kHMunfjcif;
udkqGJudkif½Hkxufruydkonf/ c&pfawmfaemufvdkufwpfOD;onf c&pfawmf
109
110
ESihfwl&ef BuD;rm;aomajymif;vJrI&Sd&rnf/ aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYü
tenf;i,faomtao;tzGJajymif;vJrIudk &SmazGaejcif;r[kwfbJ? c&pfawmf
udkawGU&onfhtvm; olwdkYudkawGUjrifEkdif&ef ajymif;vJjcif;udk&SmazGaeonf/}}
(Leon Morris, Galatians, p. 142).
rnfonfhenf;vrf;jzihf c&pfawmf\pm&dwåawmfudk oifhtoufwm
üazmfjyonfudk jrifawGUcJhoenf;/ rnfonfhtydkif;wGif oifonf rsm;pGm
qufvufvkyfaqmif&ef&Sdao;oenf;/
wevFm Mo*kwf 21
jzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csuf
jzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csufjzpfvm&efpdefac:csuf
1aum 11;1/ zdvdyÜd 3;17/ 2ouf 3;7-9 ESihfwrefawmf
26;28?29 wdkYudkzwfyg/ *vmwd 4;12 udka&mifjyef[yfonfht&m
þusrf;csufrsm;wGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkajymqdkoenf;/ ol\
qdkvdk&if;udk rnfuJhodkYem;vnf&rnfenf;/
aygvk\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif c&pf,mefwdkYtm; rdrd\tûytrludk
twkcdk;&ef Budrfzefrsm;pGmtm;ay;xm;onf/ tajctaewpfckcsif;pDwGif
aygvkonf ,HkMunfolrsm;vdkufavQmuf&rnfh ,HkMunfavmufaom
yHkyrmtjzpf rdrdudk,fudkwifqufxm;onf/ 2ouf 3;7-9 wGif?
oufomavmedwfvlwdkYonf olrsm;twGuf0efxkyf0efydk;rjzpfapbJ? rdrdwdkY
udk,fwdkif0rf;pmtwGuf rnfuJhodkY0ifaiG&Smvkyfudkif&rnfudkajym&mü
rdrdukd,fudk yHkerlemtjzpfwifqufonf/ 1aum 11;1 wGifaygvkonf
olwpfyg;\aumif;usKd;udk yxrOD;pm;ay;&mwGif olYtm;twkcdk;&ef
zdwfac:onf/ *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif aygvktav;xm;aomt&mrSm
wpfenf;wpfzHkjcm;em;aeonf/
*vmwd 4;12 wGif aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olYudk
]]twkcdk;}} &efrawmif;qdkacs/ xdkYtpm;ol ]]uJhodkYjzpf&ef}} awmif;qdk
onfrSm tjyifyef;tûytrlr[kwfbJ jzpfjcif;taMumif;udkqdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf/
tb,faMumihfenf;/ *vmwdûrdUujyóemrSm aum&defokûrdUrStoif;awmf
uJhodkY usihf0wfaoGznfaomtûytrl (odkYr[kwf) bk&m;w&m;rJhtouf
&SifaexdkifyHkrsKd;r[kwfacs/ *vmwdûrdUujyóemrSm c&pf,mefbmom\
tESpfom&udk,füt&if;cHonf/ ¤if;rSm ]]tûytrl}} qdkonfxuf omí
]]jzpfjcif;}} taMumif;yifjzpfonf/ aygvkonf ighvdkusihfyg[kajymae
jcif;r[kwfbJ? iguJhodkYjzpfyg[kajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ *vmwd 4;12
wGif toHk;ûyaoma0g[m&twdtusudk wrefawmf 26;29 wGif tN*dyÜ
rif;tm; aygvk\arwåm&yfcHcsufwGiftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]udk,fawmfrSpí
,aeYwGiftuREfkyf\pum;udkMum;aomoltaygif;wdkYonf þoHêud;udk
xm;í tuREfkyfuJhodkYaomoljzpfvkonfomru vHk;vHk;jzpfapjcif;iSm
bk&m;ocifudktuREfkyfqkawmif;ygonf}} [k aygvkarwåm&yfcHcJhonf/
wpfenf;tm;jzihf rdrd\ynwfw&m;usifhjcif;r[kwfbJ olYtwGuf
c&pfawmfvkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomt&mudk udk;pm;onfh,HkMunfjcif;jzpfaom
c&pfawmfwpfyg;wnf;tay:üomwnfonfhtajccHudk c&pf,mefwpfOD;
taejzihf rdrd\tawGUtêuHudkqdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf/ *vmwdvlwdkYonf
c&pfawmfü rdrdwdkY\udk,fydkifvu©Pmxuf rdrdwdkY\tûytrludk omí
wefzdk;xm;Muonf/
aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; olYuJhodkYrnfodkYjzpf&rnfudk
twdtusajymqdkjcif;r&Sdaomfvnf; aygvkonf rdrdtoufwm\t&m&m?
tao;pdwfrsm;ü olYuJhodkYjzpf&efajymaejcif;r[kwfaMumif;udk *vmwd
vlwdkY\tajctaeujyoaeonf/ olt"dutav;xm;aomt&mrSm
*vmwdvlwdkY\ynwfw&m;udkA[dkûyaom bmoma&;jzpfaeaomaMumihf
aygvkonf pdwfxJwGiftHhzG,farwåm? aysmf&Tifjcif;? vGwfvyfjcif;rsm;ESihf
c&pfawmfüolawGU&SdcJhNyD;aom u,fwifjcif;\{uefaocsmjcif;wdkYtrSefyif
&SdaecJhonf/ c&pfawmf\omvGefaomtHhzG,fudkaxmufí t&m&mudk
111 112
trdIufuJhodkYxifrSwf&ef oif,lcJhNyD;jzpfonf (zdvdyÜd 3;5-9)/ NyD;aemuf
olonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;vnf; tvm;wltawGUtêuHrsKd;&Sdap&ef
awmihfwaecJhonf/
oifonf yHkerlemaumif;,lxdkufaomol (a,½Iryg) wpfpHk
wpfOD;&Sdygovm;/ tu,fí&SdcJhaomf oifawGUaomtwk,lxdkufonfh
ol\t&nftcsif;rsm;um;tb,fenf;/ ¤if;t&nftcsif;rsm;udk
oifhtoufwmwGif rnfuJhodkYomíaumif;atmifjyoEdkifrnfenf;/
t*Fg Mo*kwf 22
oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\
oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\oifwd k YuJ hod k Yigjzpf\
1aum 9;19-23 udkzwfyg/ *vmwd 4;12 \yxrtydkif;
(jrefrmusrf;pm) wGif rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udk uREfkyfwdkYomíem;vnfEkdifap
&ef þusrf;csufwGifaygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkajymqdkoenf;/
(wrefawmf 17;16-34/ 1aum 8;8-13/ *vmwd 2;11-14 wdkYudk
vnf;zwfyg/)
*vmwd 4;12 onf tenf;i,f½IyfaxG;Edkifacs&Sdonf/ tu,f
íaygvkonf olwdkYuJhodkYjzpfNyD;cJhNyDqdkvQif tb,faMumihf*vmwdvlwdkY
onf olYuJhodkYjzpfvm&rnfenf;/
,refaeYu uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY? u,fwifjcif;twGuf
c&pfawmfonf jynfhpHkvHkavmufjcif;ü rdrd\vHk;vHk;,HkMunfpdwfcsjcif;
t&mü olESihfwl&ef olwdkYudkaygvktvdk&SdcJhonf/ olwdkYuJhodkYjzpfjcif;
tay: aygvk\rSwfcsufrSm olonf ,k'vljzpfaomfvnf; ]]ynwf
w&m;rJhaom}} wpfyg;trsKd;om;uJhodkYjzpfvmjcif;udkqdkvdkonf/ xdkaMumihf
olonf {0Ha*vdw&m;tm;jzihf wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xJodkYa&muf&SdEkdif
rnfjzpfonf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;e,fwGif xl;cRefaomomoemûy
wpfOD;taejzihf aygvkonf ,k'vlwdkYESihfwpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;xHodkY
rnfodkY{0Ha*vdw&m;a[m&rnfudk oif,lcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ trSefrSm? 1aum
9;19-23 t&? {0Ha*vdw&m;onf tjrJwrf;twlwljzpfaeaomfvnf;?
olcsOf;uyfonfhvlwdkYtay:rlwnfí aygvk\enf;vrf;rsm;onf ajymif;vJ
cJhonf/
]]aygvkonf ,aeYajymqdkaeMuaomtajctaeay:rlwnfNyD;
ajymif;vJjcif;udk a½SUaqmifoljzpfcJhonf/ {0Ha*vdw&m;udkMum;emrnfh
olwdkY\tajctaeay:rlwnfí ajymjyEkdif&ef þenf;vrf;vdktyfonf/}}
(Timothy George, The New American Commentary: Galatians, p. 321).
1aum 9;21 rS aygvk\udk,fwdkifrSwfcsufonf {0Ha*vdw&m;
udk tajctaea'oESihftnDa[mMum;&mwGif rnfonfhtwkdif;twmtxd
n§dEdIif;&efrSm tuefYtowf&Sdonf[k ol,HkMunfaMumif;jyoonf/ Oyrm?
wpfpHkwpfOD;onf ,k'vlwdkYESihfwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYtm; rwlnDaom
enf;vrf;jzihf vGwfvyfpGmcsOf;uyfEdkifaomfvnf; þvGwfvyfrIwGif
Oyra'rJhaeyHkxdkifyHkrsKd;jzihf touf&Sif&eftcGifhta&;ryg0ifacs/ taMumif;
rSm c&pf,mefwdkYonf ]]c&pfawmf\ynwfw&m;}} atmufü&Sdolrsm;
jzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
tajctaeay:rlwnfajymif;vJjcif;rSm tjrJwrf;vG,fulraeaomf
vnf;? ]]uREkfyfwdkYonf {0Ha*vdw&m;\t"duaomhcsufudk ,Ofaus;rI
t½IyftaxG;xJrScGJxkwfEkdifoa½GU? c&pfawmf\owif;pum;udk txJü
yg&SdaomtaMumif;t&mudk tay;t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;jcif;r&SdbJ? tajctae
t&a[majymjcif;rSm uREfkyfwdkYonf aygvktm;twkcdk;olrsm;jzpfvmMu
onf}} (Timothy George, Galatians, pp. 321,322).
tay;t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;&efrSm tvGefvG,fulonfr[kwfavm/
wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&pf,mefjzpfonfrSm MumvmonfESihftrQ? tay;
t,lvkyfn§dEdIif;&efvnf; omívG,fulavjzpfonf/ tb,faMumihf
xdkodkYjzpfEkdifoenf;/ rdrdudk,fudk½dk;½dk;om;om;Munfhyg/ tay;t,lvkyf
F- 8
113 114
n§dEdIif;jcif;onf oifhtoufwmwGif rnfrQjzpfay:vmoenf;/ ¤if;wdkYudk
rnfuJhodkYtaMumif;jycsufay;oenf;/ þt&mrSvdktyfaomae&mwGif
rnfuJhodkYvSnfhxGuf&rnfenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 23
,cifESih f,ck,cifESi h f,ck
,cifESi h f,ck,cifESi h f,ck,cifESi h f,ck
*vmwd,HkMunfolwdkYESihf aygvk\qufqHa&;onf ,ckuJhodkY
tjrJcufcJrIESihfat;wdat;pufjzpfraecJhacs/ trSefrSm? *vmwdûrdUwGif
{0Ha*vdw&m;udk yxrtBudrfa[majympOftcsdefudk aygvkonf jyefvnf
yHk&dyfxifap&mwGif olYtm;rnfrQaumif;pGmûypkMuaMumif; yDwdjzmaom
pum;vHk;rsm;jzihfajymqdkonf/ rnfonfht&mjzpfysufcJhoenf;/
rnfonfhjzpf&yfaMumihf *vmwdûrdUwGif {0Ha*vdw&m;a[majym
&ef aygvktm;pdwfqHk;jzwfap[ef&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;13/
Munfh&onfrSm aygvk\rlv&nf&G,fcsufrSm *vmwdûrdUwGif
{0Ha*vdw&m;udka[majym&ef r[kwfcJhacs/ odkY&mwGif c&D;oGm;pOf
tzsm;a&m*g&vmaomaMumihf *vmwdûrdUwGifMumMumwnf;ae&ef?
(odkYr[kwf) a&m*guko&ef? *vmwdûrdUodkYoGm;&ef taMumif;zefvmcJh
onf/ aygvk\a&m*gajctaetwdtusudkrod&acs/ wcsKdUu iSufzsm;
cH&onf[kqdkMuonf/ tjcm;olwdkYuvnf; (*vmwdvlwdkYonf rdrd
wdkY\rsufvHk;udkxkwfí olYtm;ay;&efqE&SdMuonfudkaxmuf½INyD;) rsufpd
a&m*gjzpfEkdifonf[kqdkMuonf/ ol\emrusef;jzpfjcif;onf 2aum
12;7-9 wGifazmfjyonfh ]]udk,füpl;aomql;}} ESihfvnf; qufpyfrI&Sd
Ekdifonf/
aygvkonf rnfonfht&myifcHpm;&onfjzpfap? ¤if;onf tvGef
tqifrajyaomaMumihf *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf prf;oyfjcif;jzpfapaMumif;
olajymonf/ zsm;emjcif;udk bk&m;ocifrESpfoufrI\vu©Pmtjzpf
½Ijrifaomywf0ef;usifwGif (a,m[ef 9;1?2/ vkum 13;1-4)? aygvk
\zsm;emjcif;onf *vmwdvlwdkYu olwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? ol\owif;
pum;udkvnf;aumif; jiif;y,f&eftvG,fwulqifajcjzpfoGm;Ekdifonf/
odkYaomf? olwdkYonf aygvkudkvdIufvdIufvSJvSJêudqdkcJhMuonf/ tb,f
aMumihfenf;/ olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;onf uyfwdkifawmftaMumif;a[majym
jcif;ESihf (*vmwd 3;1)? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\EdI;aqmfjcif;wdkYaMumihf
jzpfonf/ ,ckolwdkY\pdwfoabmxm;ajymif;vJjcif;twGuf rnfonfh
taMumif;jycsufudkay;EdkifMurnfenf;/
aygvka0'emcHpm;&efcGihfûy&onfh bk&m;ocif\taMumif;jycsuf
um; rnfonfht&mjzpfEkdifrnfenf;/ rdrdudk,fydkifjyóemESihf½kef;uefae
&pOf aygvkonf olwpfyg;wdkYtm; rnfuJhodkYomoemûyEdkifoenf;/
a&mr 8;28/ 2aum 4;7-12/ 12;7-10/
aygvk\zsm;emjcif;onf rnfonfht&myifjzpfap? jyif;xefonf
rSmtrSefyifjzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf rdrd\jyóemtwGuf bk&m;ociftjypf
wifEkdifovdk? {0Ha*vdw&m;a[mjcif;udkvnf; tvG,fwultavQmhay;
Ekdifonf/ aygvkonf rnfonfht&mwpfckckjzihf qifajcray;cJhacs/
rdrd\tajctaeudk rdrdtwGuftaumif;qHk;toHk;csrnfhtpm;? aygvk
onf ¤if;jyóemudk bk&m;ocif\u½kPmtay: omívHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;
rSDcdktm;xm;&ef tcGihfta&;tjzpftoHk;ûyonf/ ]]Budrfzefrsm;pGmbk&m;ocif
onf toufwm\ab;'ku©jzpfaom zsm;emjcif;? n§Of;qJjcif;? qif;&J
jcif;? obm0ab;'Pfrsm;ESifh em;vnf&cufcJaomtjzpfqdk;rsm;udkyif
vQif rdrd\oem;Muifemjcif;ESihfaus;Zl;u½kPmudkazmfjy&efESihf {0Ha*vd
w&m;jyefYyGm;vmap&ef toHk;ûyawmfrlonf/}} (Timothy George, Galatians,
pp. 323,324).
oif\'ku©rsm;ESihfa0'emcHpm;jcif;wdkYonf ocifbk&m;tay:omí
rSDcdk&ef rnfuJhodkYoifay;oenf;/ (tjcm;rnfonfha&G;p&m&Sdoenf;/)
115 116
Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 24
oo
ooorr
rrr®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;
®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;®mw&m;ud ka[majymjcif;
*vmwd 4;16 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf rnfonfhta&;ygaom
tcsufudkazmfjyoenf;/ tvm;wlt&mudk oifudk,fwdkifrnfonfhenf;vrf;
tm;jzihf awGUêuHzl;oenf;/ (a,m[ef 3;19/ róJ 26;64?65/
a,&rd 36;17-23)/
]]or®mw&m; (trSefw&m;) udka[majymjcif;}} [laomtoHk;
tEIef;onf txl;ojzihf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkYtcsdefwGif rMumrMumtysuf
oabmaqmifwwfonf/ taMumif;rSm þtoHk;tEIef;onf rnfrQyif
qdk;NyD;? rvdkcsifp&mjzpfapumrl xdxdrdrdjzihfpdwfwdkif;uswpfzufom;udk
acsrIef;wdkufcdkufajymqdkonfhyHkpHrsKd;jzpfaewwfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
tu,fí *vmwd 4;12-20 ESifh wcsKdUusrf;csufrsm; (*vmwd 6;9?10)
rS aygvk\rSwfcsufrsm;onf xdkodkYaomt"dyÜg,frsKd;r&SdcJhaomf? aygvk
onf rnfonfhcspfjcif;arwåmtoHk;tEIef;xuf {0Ha*vdw&m;\rSefuef
rIudk aygvkonf omípdwf0ifpm;? tav;ay;onf[k rSm;,Gif;pGm
rSwfcsufcsEkdifayonf/ uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY ]]rSefaom{0Ha*vd
w&m;}} (*vmwd 2;5?14 udkzwfyg) udk *vmwdvlwdkYonf odMuonf
taMumif;udk aygvkonf pdk;&drfrdaomfvnf;? xdkpdk;&drfrIonf olwdkYudk
cspfaomaMumihfjzpfvm&onf/ rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumihfjzpfap? rdrdwdkY
rMum;vdkaom½dk;½dk;trSefw&m; (odkYr[kwf) a0zefjypfwifjcif;cH&aom
tcg rnfrQemusifonfudk rcHpm;zl;aomol&Sdygovm;/ odkYaomf
vwfwavmuREfkyfwdkY\pum;vHk;rsm;onf wpfzufom;udkemusifapí
vnf;aumif;? (odkYr[kwf) uREfkyfwdkYtay:pdwfqdk;a'goxGufapaomf
vnf;? uREfkyfwdkYonf emusifapvdkaomaMumihfr[kwfbJ xdkoltm;
*½kpdkufaomaMumihf xdkodkYûyvkyfMuonf/ þodkYaomvkyf&yfrsKd;udk rnfrQ
yifrvkyfvdkygaomfvnf; wpfpHkwpfOD;onfMum;&efvdktyfonfht&mjzpf
onfudk uREfkyfwdkYod&SdaeaomaMumihf ajymudkajym&rnfjzpfonf/
*vmwd 4;17-20 wGif? aygvkonf rdrdtm;qefYusifolrsm;
taMumif; rnfonfht&majymoenf;/ olwdkY\bmoma&;oGefoifcsuf
tjyif? rnfonfht&mudkolpdefac:oenf;/
aygvka[maom{0Ha*vdw&m;\yGifhvif;rIonf *vmwdvlwdkY
\trsufa'goudk EdI;qGEkdifajc&SdaepOf? olYudkqefYusifolwdkYonf *vmwd
vlwdkYtm;cspfír[kwfbJ? rdrdwdkY\wpfudk,faumif;qefaom&nf&G,fcsuf
jzihf *vmwdvlwdkY\rsufESmom&&Sdap&ef wufwuf<u<uvkyfaqmifae
Muonf/ aygvku rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkYonf ]]oifwdkYudky,fjcif;iSm
tvdk&SdMu\}} [laomajymqdkcsufrSm wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf ta&zsm;
vDS;jcif;rcHrDwdkifatmif {0Ha*vdw&m;Mum;&aomtcGihfr&Sdap&ef? tquf
toG,fjzwf&ef[k qdkvdk[ef&Sdaomfvnf; aygvkonf rnfonfht&m
twdtusqdkvdkonfrSm &Sif;vif;rIr&Sdacs/
oifhpum;onf rnfrQyifrSefuefNyD;vdktyfapumrl? wpfpHkwpfOD;
tm;pdwfqdk;apcJhaomjzpf&yfwcsKdUudkpOf;pm;yg/ tvm;wljzpf&yfrsKd;
aemufwpfzefûyvkyf&efvdktyfaMumif; xdktawGUtêuHrS rnfonfht&mudk
oif,loenf;/
aomMum Mo*kwf 25
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]*vmwdtoif;awmfrsm;xJwGif yGihfNyD;zHk;uG,frxm;onfhtrSm;
onf {0Ha*vdowif;udk tpm;xdk;ae&m0if,laeonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;\
tajctjrpfjzpfaomc&pfawmfonf ,k'0g'\toHk;r0ifawmhonfh0denf;
usihfpOfrsm;twGuf pGefYvTwf&vkeD;yg;jzpfaecJhonf/ *vmwdûrdUrS,HkMunf
olwdkYtm; olwdkYudkNcdrf;ajcmufaeonfh tEÅ&m,fBuD;aomMoZmvTrf;rdk;
rIrS u,fwifEkdifcJhrnfqdkvQif? wdusjywfom;aomaqmif&GufrIudk
117 118
aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpfum tjywfom;qHk;aomowday;csufrsm;udk ay;&
rnfjzpfaMumif; wrefawmfujrifaecJhonf/
]]c&pfawmf\trIawmfaqmifwkdif;twGuf oif,l&rnfhta&;BuD;
aomoifcef;pmrSm olaumif;usKd;ûy&ef êud;pm;aomolwdkY\tajctaeay:
rlwnfNyD; ol\vkyfaqmifrIESihfudkufnDatmif vkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfonf/
Muifemoem;jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? jywfom;rIESihfcdkifcHhrIwdkYonf twlwuG
vdktyfonf/ odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYudkavsmfuefpGma&G;cs,fNyD;toHk;ûy&rnf
jzpfonf/ jcm;em;aomvltqihftwef;tvTmudk uGJjym;jcm;em;aom
tajctaeESihfvuf&Sdtaetxm;atmufwGif tajrmftjrif&Sd&SdudkifwG,f&ef
rSm csifhcsdefqifjcifwwfjcif;? todtjrif<u,faom a0zefydkif;jcm;EdkifpGrf;ESihf
bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf pifMu,fapjcif;wdkYvdktyfonf/
]]wpfcsdefu bk&m;ocif\wefcdk;awmfudk rdrdwdkYtoufwmwGif
awGUêuHcHpm;zl;aomolwdkYtm;? {0Ha*vdw&m;trSefw&m;udkcspfaom
,ciftcspfodkYjyefvSnfhvm&ef aygvkawmif;yefcJhonf/ olwdkYonf
c&pfawmfü vGwfvyfaomvla,musfm;? rdef;rrsm;jzpfvm&aomtcGihfta&;
udk jyefíracsyEkdifavmufatmif olwdkYa½SUüolcsjyonf/ c&pfawmf\
tjypfajyapaomaus;Zl;u½kPmtm;jzihf vHk;vHk;tyfESHoltm;vHk;onf
ajzmihfrwfjcif;0wfvHkjzihfvTrf;ûcHjcif;cH&Muonf/ u,fwifjcif;cH&rnfh
0dnmOfwkdif;onf bk&m;ocif\t&mü ppfrSefaomudk,fwdkifudk,fus
tawGUtêuH&Sd&rnf[laomtcsufonf ol\&yfwnfcsufjzpfonf/
]]aygvk\av;eufaomawmif;yefwdk;vQKd;rIonf tcsnf;ESD;r[kwf
acs/ oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf tm;BuD;aomwefcdk;jzihfvkyfaqmif
awmfrlum? vrf;rSm;xJwGifavQmufvSrf;cJhMuonfh rsm;pGmaomvlwdkYonf
{0Ha*vdw&m;udk ,cif,HkMunfjcif;odkYjyefvSnfhvmcJhMuonf/ þtcsdef
rSpí aemifwGifc&pfawmfonf olwdkYtm;vGwfajrmufapcJhNyD;aom
vGwfvyfjcif;üjrJjrHaecJhMuonf/}} (AA, pp. 385,386,388).
-0-
oifcef;pm (10)oifcef;pm (10)oifcef;pm (10)oifcef;pm (10)oifcef;pm (10)
y#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfcky#dnmOfESpfck
Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1Mo*kwf 26 - pufwifbm 1
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; Mo*kwf 26Mo*kwf 26Mo*kwf 26Mo*kwf 26Mo*kwf 26
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 4;21-31/ urÇm 1;28/ 2;2?3/
3;15/ 15;1-6/ xGuf 6;2-8/ 19;3-6/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\
]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\]]tay:rSm&Sdaoma,½k&SvifûrdUrlum;? cyfodrf;aomigwdkY\
trdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwd
trdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwdtrdwnf;[laom uRefrr[kwfaomrdef;rjzpfownf;}} (*vmwd
4;26)/4;26)/
4;26)/4;26)/4;26)/
"r®a[mif;usrf;\tcGihftmPmudk jiif;y,faomc&pf,mefwdkY
onf odemawmifay:wGifay;aomynwfawmfonf {0Ha*vdw&m;ESihf
uGJvGJonf[k rMumcPjrifwwfMuonf/ olwdkYaumufcsufcsonfrSm
odemawmifay:wGifay;aomy#dnmOfonf ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmuf
jcif;tay: u,fwifjcif;tajccHonfhtcsdef? vlYordkif;rSacwfwpfacwf
udkyHkaqmifonf[líjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; vlwdkYonf ynwfawmf
\awmif;qdkcsuftwkdif; toufr&SifEkdifaomaMumihf? bk&m;ocifonf
a,½Ic&pfawmf\aumif;rItm;jzihf aus;Zl;awmfy#dnmOf? topfaom
y#dnmOfwpf&yfudkzGihfay;awmfrlonf[k olwdkYqdkMuonf/ xdkaMumihf
y#dnmOfESpfckudk olwdkYem;vnfyHkrSm ynwfawmftay:tajccHonfh
y#dnmOfa[mif;ESihf aus;Zl;awmftay:tajccHonfhy#dnmOfopf[lí
jzpfonf/
119 120
þ½IjrifrIonf rnfrQyifawGUaeusjzpfaomfvnf; rSm;aeonf/
u,fwifjcif;onf b,faomtcgrQ ynwfawmfvdkufavQmufjcif;aMumihf
r[kwfacs/ or®musrf;pmrS,k't,l0g'onf tpuyifaus;Zl;awmfü
tjrJrSDwnfonfhbmoma&;jzpfonf/ *vmwdûrdUü aygvk&ifqdkif&aom
ynwfw&m;udkomta&;ay;rIonf c&pf,mefbmomüomru? "r®a[mif;
usrf;udk,füyifvQif ysHUESHYaeaomt&mjzpfonf/ y#dnmOfESpfckrSm tcsdef
tcgESihfoufqdkifrIr&Sdacs/ xdkYtpm; ¤if;wdkYonf vlwdkY\pdwfoabm
xm;rsm;udk a&mifjyef[yfaomt&mjzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf um£eESihf
tmaAvxHodkYaemufaMumif;jyefonfh bk&m;ocifESihfywfouf&efêud;pm;
onfh rwlnDaomenf;vrf;ESpfckudkyHkaqmifonf/ y#dnmOfa[mif;onf
um£euJhodkY bk&m;ocifauseyfap&ef rdrdwdkY\em;axmifrItay: rSm;,Gif;
pGmrSDcdkolwdkYudkyHkaqmifonf/ þtcsufESihfjcm;em;í? y#dnmOftopfonf
tmaAvuJhodkY udk,fawmfuwdxm;awmfrlaomt&mtm;vHk;udk vkyfaqmif
ay;&ef bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmftay: vHk;vHk;rSDcdkaomolwdkYudk
yHkaqmifonf/
we*FaEG Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27Mo*kwf 27
y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;
y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;y#dnmOftajccHw&m;rsm;
vltrsm;onf *vmwd 4;21-31 rS £oa&vwdkY\&mZ0if
udk aygvk\teufjyefqdkcsufonf ol\Mo0g'pmrsm;xJwGif tcufcJ
qHk;usrf;ydk'fjzpfonf[k rSwf,lMuonf/ xdkodkYjzpf&jcif;rSm "r®a[mif;
usrf;rSvlwdkYESihfjzpf&yfrsm;udk us,fus,fjyefYjyefYodjcif;vdktyfonfh tvGef
cufcJ½IyfaxG;aomtjiif;yGm;rIjzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ yxrtqifhtae
jzihf þusrf;ydk'fudkem;vnfEkdif&eftwGuf aygvk\aqG;aEG;wifjycsuf
jzpfaom "r®a[mif;usrf;rSt"dut,ltqjzpfaom y#dnmOfESihfqkdifonfh
tjrifoabmxm;udk tajccHod&Sdem;vnf&efjzpfonf/
]]y#dnmOf}} [kjyefqdkaom a[jAJpum;vHk;rSm berit jzpfonf/
¤if;onf "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif tBudrfoHk;&meD;yg;azmfjycH&um? oabmwl
pmcsKyf (odkYr[kwf) EdkifiHtcsif;csif;oabmwlpmcsKyfudkqdkvdkonf/ ESpfaygif;
axmifcsDí? y#dnmOfonf a&S;,cifu ta½SUtv,fydkif;wpfavQmuf
vltcsif;csif;aomfvnf;aumif;? vlrsKd;tcsif;csif;Mum;üaomfvnf;aumif;
qufqHa&;udkowfrSwfonfh ta&;ygaomtcef;u@wGif&SdaecJhonf/
y#dnmOfpmcsKyfvkyfief;pOf\wpfpdwfwpfa'otjzpf wd&pämefowfjcif;
onfvnf; rMumcPyg0ifonf/ wd&pämefowfjcif;onf y#dnmOfESihf
qdkifaomuwdrsm;ESihf0wå&m;rsm;udk apmihfxdef;&efysufuGufolbufrS
jzpfysufrnfht&mudkyHkaqmifonf/
]]tm'HtcsdefrSpí a,½Itcsdefwdkifatmif bk&m;ocifonf <uvm
rnfha&G;Ekwf&Siftay:A[dkûyNyD; 'g0d'füûyaomy#dnmOfü txGwfodkYa&muf&Sd
oGm;onfhy#dnmOfuwdawmfwoDwwef;wnf;rsm;jzihf vlom;rsm;ESihf
tay;t,lvkyfawmfrlcJhonf/ (urÇm 12;2?3/ 2&m 7;12-17/ a[&Sm
11)/ AmAkvkeftzrf;tqD;cH£oa&vwdkYtm; 'g0d'ftrsKd;rS<uvmrnfh
ar&Sd,ESihfqufpyfí bk&m;ocifonf omíxda&mufaom ]]y#dnmOf
opf}} (a,&rd 31;31-34) udk uwdxm;awmfrlonf}} (a,Zausv
36;26-28/ 37;22-28)/ (Hans K. LaRondelle, Our Creator Redeemer,
p. 4).
tjypfr0ifrD {'ifO,smOfütm'HESihfûyaom bk&m;ocif\rlv
y#dnmOf\tajccHonftb,fenf;/ urÇm 1;28/ 2;2?3?15-17/
xdrf;jrm;r*Fvmum,tvkyfESihfOykofaeYwdkYonf zefqif;jcif;
y#dnmOf\taxGaxGtaxmuftyHhrsm;\wpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpfaepOf?
bk&m;ocif\t"duñTefMum;csufrSm wm;jrpfaomtoD;udkrpm;&efjzpf
onf/ y#dnmOf\tajccHoabmobm0rSm ]]em;axmifNyD;touf&Sifyg}}
[líjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfo[Zmwjzpfatmifzefqif;aom obm0
121 122
w&m;ESihftwl xm0&bk&m;onf rjzpfEkdifaomt&mudkrawmif;qdkacs/
em;axmifjcif;onf vlom;\obm0vdktifqE´jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif
tm'HESihf{0wdkYonf xdkuJhodkYobm0r[kwfonfht&mudka&G;cs,fcJhum?
xdkvkyf&yfaMumihfolwdkYonf zefqif;jcif;y#dnmOfw&m;rS cGJxGufoGm;onf
omru? olwdkYonf ,ckwGif tjypftm;jzihfysufpD;aomvlom;rsKd;EG,f
twGuf rjzpfEkdifaomt&mudkzefwD;cJhMuonf/ tm'HESihf{0wdkYvufvTwf
qHk;½HI;cJhaomqufqHa&;udk bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkif jyefvnftpysKd;
awmfrlrnf/ u,fwif&Sifudkay;rnf[laom xm0&uwdawmftajccHonfh
aus;Zl;awmfy#dnmOfudk udk,fawmfxkwfjyefawmfrlcJhonf (urÇm 3;15)/
or®musrf;pmrSyxrqHk;aom{0Ha*vduwdawmfudk urÇmOD;usrf;
3;15 wGifzwfyg/ þusrf;csuf\rnfonfhae&mwGif c&pfawmfü&Sdaom
arQmfvihfcsuft&dyft>rufoifjrifoenf;/
wevFm Mo*kwf 28
tmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOf
tmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOftmjA[HESih f ûyaomy#dnmOf
urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-5 wGif bk&m;ocifonf tmjAHtm;rnfonfh
y#dnmOfuwdawmfrsm;udk ûyvkyfawmfrlcJhoenf;/ tmjAH\wHkYjyefrIonf
tb,fenf;/
tmjAHtm;ay;aom bk&m;ocif\ueOD;uwdawmfrsm;onf
"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif omítm;aumif;aomusrf;ydk'fwpfckjzpfonf/ þ
usrf;csufwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmftaMumif;csnf;omjzpfonf/
uwdrsm;ay;olrSm tmjAHr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocifomjzpfawmfrlonf/ tmjAH
onf bk&m;ocif\rsufESmom&&Sd&ef rnfonfhvkyfaqmifrI (odkYr[kwf)
ukodkvfaumif;rIrQr&Sd? þoabmwlnDrI&&Sd&ef bk&m;ocifESifhtmjAHwdkY
onf wpfenf;enf;jzihfvkyfaqmifMuonf[laom tqdkûycsufrsm;jyñTef
onfht&mvnf;r&SdcJhacs/ bk&m;ocifbufuomuwday;awmfrlonf/
þtcsufESihfqefYusifí? tmjAHonf usKd;yJhvG,fonfh,HkMunfjcif;rsKd;
r[kwfbJ? rdrd\aqGrsKd;om;csif;wdkYudk (touf 75 ESpfwGif) csefxm;
cJhum? bk&m;ocifuwdxm;awmfrlonfhjynfodkY a½S;½IoGm;jcif;jzihf azmfjy
aom,HkMunfjcif;? bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfaocsmrItay:,HkMunfjcif;
rsKd;&Sd&ef ac:awmfrljcif;cHcJh&onf/ ]]tmjA[Htay:üvnf;aumif;? olY
tm;jzihf vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;tay:üvnf;aumif; aMunmcJhaom
]]aumif;csD;r*Fvm}} ESihftwl zefqif;&Sifonf rdrd\u,fwifonfh
&nf&G,fcsufudk jyefpawmfrlcJhonf/ udk,fawmfonf tm'HESihf{0udk
yg&'dokbHküaumif;csD;ay;cJhonf (urÇm 1;28/ 5;2)/ NyD;aemuf a&vTrf;rdk;
NyD;aemuf aem{ESihfol\om;rsm;udk aumif;csD;ay;awmfrlcJhonf (9;1)/
þenf;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf vlom;rsm;udku,fwifí raumif;rI
udkzsufqD;um? y&'dokbHkudkjyefxlaxmifrnfh rdrdtapmydkif;u uwday;
awmfrlaoma&G;Ekwf&Sifudk &Sif;vif;jyawmfrlonf (urÇm 3;15)/
vlwumxHodkYa&muf&Sdjcif;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf ]]vlom;tm;vHk;}} udk
aumif;csD;ay;rnf[laom uwdawmfudkwnfapawmfrlonf/ (Hans K.
LaRondelle, Our Creator Redeemer, pp. 22,23).
uwday;awmfrlaomom;zGm;jrif&ef q,fESpfMumapmihfqdkif;
NyD;aemuf bk&m;ocif\uwdawmftaMumif; tmjAHonf rnfonfhar;cGef;
xkwfcJhoenf;/ urÇm 15;1-6/
tmjAHtm; b,faomtcgrSar;cGef;rxkwf? oHo,uif;aom
,HkMunfjcif;tm;BuD;oluJhodkY rMumcPvG,fvG,fululcsD;rGrf;wwfMu
onf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf; or®musrf;pmonf ¤if;ESihfrwljcm;em;onfh
½kyfyHkudkazmfjyonf/ tmjAHonf,HkMunfcJhonf? odkYaomf toufwmwGif
oHo,rsm;vnf;&SdcJhonf/ ol\,HkMunfjcif;rSm BuD;xGm;aeaom,HkMunf
jcif;jzpfonf/ rmuk 9;24 üazmfjyaomzcifuJhodkY? tmjAHonf urÇm
15;8 rS bk&m;ociftm; ]]tuREfkyf,HkMunfyg\? r,HkMunfonfudk
123 124
rpawmfrlyg}} [lí ajymaeouJhodkY&Sdonf/ bk&m;ocifonf jyefí
wHkYjyef&mü tmjAHESihfowfowfrSwfrSwfy#dnmOfûyjcif;jzihf rdrd\uwdawmf
aocsmaMumif; olYtm;MuifempGmtcdkiftrmajymqdkonf/ (urÇm 15;7-
18)/ þusrf;u tvGefwtHhwMojzpfaomt&mrSm bk&m;ocifonf
tmjA[HESihfy#dnmOfûyawmfrlonfhtcsufr[kwfbJ? om;pOfajr;quftxd
wdkifatmif bk&m;ocif\vdktifqE´omjzpfonf/ rdrdwdkY\uRefrsm;jzihf
uwdrsm;udkw&m;0ifwm0efcHap&ef[laomcH,lcsufü wkHYqdkif;aewwfonfh
a&S;ta½SUtv,fydkif;rStkyfcsKyfolwdkYuJhodkYr[kwfbJ bk&m;ocifonf uwd
ay;onfomru? yHkaqmifaomtm;jzihf owfaomwd&pämef\tom;p
rsm;udka0iSjcif;jzihf udk,fawmfonf rdrd\toufudkyif uwdawmftay:
wGifavmif;aMu;xyfawmfrlonf/ trSefyifa,½Ionf rdrd\uwdawmf
trSefwu,fjzpfvmap&ef u&meDukef;wGif rdrdtoufudktqHk;üpGefYawmf
rlcJhonf/
,ckwGif oifonfrnfonfhu@rsm;udk,HkMunfjcif;jzihf vSrf;udkif
&rnfjzpfum? rjzpfEkdif[kxif&aomrnfonfht&mudk ,HkMunf&rnfenf;/
rnfonfht&myifjzpfapumrl qufvufqGJudkif&efrnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdif
rnfenf;/
t*Fg Mo*kwf 29
tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&
tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&tmjA[H? pm&mESih f[m*&
[m*&\jzpf&yfwGif tb,faMumihfaygvkonf csKd;ESdrfonfhtjrif
rsKd;&Sdoenf;/ *vmwd 4;21-31/ urÇmOD;usrf; 16/ þ"r®a[mif;
usrf;rSjzpf&yfudktoHk;ûyjcif;jzihf u,fwifjcif;taMumif; aygvkonf
rnfonfhta&;BuD;aomtcsufudkazmfjyoenf;/
urÇmOD;usrf;ordkif;rS [m*&\tcef;u@onf bk&m;ocif\
uwdawmfudk,HkMunf&ef tmjAHysufuGufjcif;ESihfwdkuf½dkufqufpyfonf/
tmjAH\tdrfaxmifwGif tD*spfuRefrwpfOD;jzpfaom[m*&onf bk&m;ocif
\uwdawmfudk r,HkMunfonfhtmjAH\yxrvkyf&yfESihfqufpyfonfhjzpf&yf
rS pm&JESihfvSJvS,f&ef zma&mbk&ifonf tmjAH\Opömtjzpfay;aom
vufaqmifrsm;pGmxJrS wpfckjzpfEkdifajc&Sdaeonf (urÇm 12;11-16)/
uwdxm;awmfrlaomuav;arG;zGm;&ef q,fESpfMumapmifhqdkif;
NyD;aemuf? tmjAHESihfpm&JwdkYonf uav;r&ao;acs/ bk&m;ocifonf
rdrdwdkY\tultnDvdktyfonf[k aumufcsufcsum? pm&Jonf [m*&
udk tmjAH\r,m;i,ftjzpfay;tyfcJhonf/ ,aeYtjrifjzihfxl;qef;aomf
vnf;? pm&J\tpDtpOfonf tvGefaumif;onf/ a&S;xHk;pHt&? uRefr
wpfOD;onf rdrd\ûrHaomocifrtwGufudk,fpm; rdciftjzpfw&m;0if
vkyfaqmifEkdifcGihf&Sdonf/ xdktaMumif;aMumihf pm&Jonf rdrd\a,musfm;
ESihf[m*&wdkYrSarG;zGm;vmaomuav;udk rdrdudk,fydkiftjzpfrSwf,lEdkifonf/
xdktMuHtpnfrS uav;wpfOD;arG;zGm;vmaomfvnf;? olonf bk&m;ocif
uwday;awmfrlaomuav;r[kwfacs/
þjzpf&yfonf wkefvIyfzG,ftajctaersm;ESihf&ifqdkif&aomtcg?
BuD;jrwfaombk&m;ocif\vlyifvQif ,HkMunfjcif;ysuf,Gif;Ekdifaom
jyoonfhtm;aumif;qHk;aomOyrmjzpfonf/ urÇmOD;usrf; 17;18?19 wGif
£&Sarvtm; rdrd\tarGcHuJhodkYvufcH&ef tmjA[Honf bk&m;ocifudk
awmif;qdkcJhonf/ xm0&bk&m;onf xdkawmif;qdkrIudk{uefjiif;y,f
awmfrlcJhonf/ £&SarvarG;zGm;jcif;ü wpfckwnf;aom ]]tHhzG,f}} t&m
rSm pm&monf rdrd\a,musfm;udk tjcm;rdef;rwpfOD;ESihfrQa0&ef vdkvdk
vm;vm;&Sdjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]"r®wmtwkdif;}} rdef;rwpfOD;onf uav;
arG;zGm;jcif;ü rnfonfhxl;xl;jcm;jcm;t&mwpfckrQr&Sdacs/ tmjA[Honf
tajctaersm;u ,HkMunfudk;pm;rIudkatmifEkdif&eftcGihfray;bJ rdrdtm;
bk&m;ocifuwdxm;awmfrlonfht&mudk ,HkMunfudk;pm;cJhrnfqdkvQif?
125 126
þt&mwpfckrQjzpfvmrnfr[kwfbJ? 0rf;enf;zG,ftajrmuftjrm;udk
a&SmifvGJEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
£&SarvarG;zGm;jcif;ESihfrwlbJ? £ZmufarG;zGm;jcif;ütajctae
rsm;udkavhvmyg/ urÇm 17;15-19/ 18;10-13/ a[jAJ 11;11?12
þtajctaersKd;jzpf&ef tb,faMumihftmjA[HESihfpm&mwdkYü tm;BuD;
aom,HkMunfjcif;vdktyfoenf;/
bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfudk,HkMunf&ef ysufuGufjcif;onf
rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihf emusifrIjzpfapoenf;/ rnfonfht&myifjzpfap?
bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfrsm;udk,HkMunf&ef þtrSm;rsm;rSrnfuJhodkYoif,l
oenf;/ bk&m;ocif\uwdawmfrsm;udk,kHMunfudk;pm;&ef oifhpGrf;&nf
udktm;jzpfaprnfh rnfonfha&G;cs,frIrsKd;udk ûyvkyf&rnfenf;/
Ak'¨[l; Mo*kwf 30
[m*&ESihfodemawmif (*vmwd 4;21-31)[m*&ESihfodemawmif (*vmwd 4;21-31)
[m*&ESihfodemawmif (*vmwd 4;21-31)[m*&ESihfodemawmif (*vmwd 4;21-31)[m*&ESihfodemawmif (*vmwd 4;21-31)
odemawmifwGif bk&m;ocifonf rdrdvlwdkYESihftwl rnfonfh
y#dnmOfqufqHrIrsKd;udk wnfaxmifvdkawmfrlcJhoenf;/ ¤if;y#dnmOfESihf
tmjA[Htm; bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomuwdrsm;onf rnfonfhwlnD
csufrsm;&Sdoenf;/ xGuf 6;2-8/ 19;3-6/ w&m;a[m 32;10-12/
bk&m;ocifonf tmjA[HESihfûycJhaom tvm;wly#dnmOfqufqH
a&;rsKd;udk odemawmifwGif £oa&vrsm;ESihfrQa0cHpm;&ef tvdk&Sdawmf
rlcJhonf/ trSefrSm urÇmOD;usrf; 12;1-3 rS tmjA[Htm;ay;aom
bk&m;ocif\uwdpum;rsm;ESihf xGufajrmuf&musrf; 19 rS arma&S
tm;ajymaompum;rsm;tMum;wGif wlnDonfhtcsufrsm;&Sdonf/ þjzpf&yf
ESpfckpvHk;wGif bk&m;ocifonf rdrdvlwdkYtwGufûyrnfht&mudk tav;ay;
awmfrlcJhonf/ rdrd\aumif;csD;rsm;udk&&SdEdkif&ef wpfckckvkyf&rnf[k
udk,fawmfrawmif;qdkcJhacs/ xdkYtpm;? xdkaumif;csD;r*Fvmrsm;udkem;axmif
jcif;jzihf wHkYjyef&efjzpfonf/ xGufajrmuf&musrf; 19;5 rS ]]em;axmif
onf}} [kbmomjyefqdkaom a[jAJpum;vHk;onf ]]Mum;onf}} [k
wdkuf½dkufqdkvdkonf/ bk&m;ocif\rdefYawmfrlcsufrsm;onf tusihftm;
jzihf ajzmihfrwf&ma&mufonf[krqdkvdkacs/ xdkodkYr[kwfbJ? udk,fawmf
tvdk&SdonfrSm rdrd\uwdawmfrsm;udkwHkYjyefonfh tvm;wltmjA[H\
,HkMunfjcif;rsKd;jzpfonf/
tu,fí odemawmifrSmbk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaom y#dnmOf
qufqHa&;onf tmjA[Htm;ay;aomt&mESihfwlaecJhaomf? tb,faMumihf
aygvkonf odemawmifudk [m*&\tysufoabmaqmifaomtawGU
têuHESifh wef;wloabmxm;oenf;/ xGuf 19;7-25/ a[jAJ 8;6?7/
odemawmifwGifay;aomy#dnmOfonf vlom;wdkY\tjypf&Sdjcif;
ESihf wJawmfvkyfief;rsm;uyHkaqmifaom tjypfw&m;udkukpm;onfh
bk&m;ocif\tvGef<u,f0aomu½kPmwdkYudk ñTefjy&ef&nf&G,fcJhonf/
odemawmifrSy#dnmOfw&m;\jyóemrSm bk&m;ocif\tydkif;rSr[kwfbJ?
vlwdkY\tvGeftuRHuwday;rIrsm;yifjzpfonf (a[jAJ 8;6)/ bk&m;ocif
\uwdawmfrsm;udk ESdrfhcsjcif;ESihf,HkMunfjcif;jzihfwHkYjyef&rnfhtpm;?
£oa&vwdkYonf rdrdwdkYudk,fudk,HkMunfpdwfcsrIjzihf wHkYjyefcJhMuonf/
]]xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrlorQwdkYudk tuREfkyfwdkYûyygrnf}} (xGuf 19;8)
[k wpfoHwnf;jyefavQmufcJhMuonf/ uRefb0jzihf tD*spfjynfwGif
ESpfaygif;av;&mausmfaexdkifcJhMuNyD;aemuf? bk&m;ocif\bkef;wefcdk;
rSefuefaomtjrifoabmxm;udkvnf;aumif;? rdrdwdkYtjypf\twdkif;twm
udkvnf;aumif; rod&SdMuawmhacs/ tmjA[HESihfpm&mwdkYonf bk&m;ocif
\uwdawmfrsm;jynfhpHkap&ef êud;pm;vkyfaqmifcJhMuonfenf;wl?
£oa&vvlwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\u½kPmy#dnmOfudk tusihfudktajc
ûyonfhy#dnmOftjzpf ajymif;&efêud;pm;cJhMuonf/ xdkodkYtusihftm;jzihf
127 128
u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&ef vlom;\êud;pm;rIESpfckpvHk;ü [m*&onf odem
awmifudkyHkaqmifygonf/
odemawmifwGifay;cJhaomynwfw&m;onf raumif; (odkYr[kwf)
zsufodrf;NyD[kajymqdkaejcif;r[kwfyg/ olonf *vmwdvlwdkY\ynwf
w&m;udkt"duxm;aom rSm;,Gif;onfht,ltqukdpdk;&drfcJhonf/ ]]ynwf
w&m;apmihfa&Smufjcif;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifudkauseyfap&ef vHk;0rjzpfEkdif
onfudk ,HkMunfouf0ifaprnfhtpm;? bk&m;ocifudkauseyftm;&ap&ef
tvdkiSm? udk,fydkifvkyf&nfudkif&nftay:rSDcdktm;xm;&ef eufeufeJeJtjrpf
wG,faomqHk;jzwfcsufrsm;jzihf ynwfw&m;udk olwdkYtxJüxdef;odrf;
apmihfa&SmufMuonf/ xdkaMumihf ynwfw&m;onf ,k'0g'udkifpGJol
wdkYtm; c&pfawmfxHodkYydkYaqmif&ef u½kPmtajcûy&nf&G,fcsufudk
vkyfaqmifEkdifpGrf;r&Sdawmhacs/ xdkYtpm;? ¤if;onf olwdkYtm; c&pfawmf
ESihftqufjywfapcJhonf}} (O Palmer Robertson, The Christ of the
Covenants, p. 181).
Mumoyaw; Mo*kwf 31
£&SarvESih f,aeY£Zmuf£&SarvESih f,aeY£Zmuf
£&SarvESih f,aeY£Zmuf£&SarvESih f,aeY£Zmuf£&SarvESih f,aeY£Zmuf
aygvkonf £oa&vordkif;udktwdkcsKH;tMurf;zsif;azmfjyjcif;
rSm rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkYu olwdkYonf tmjA[H\ppfrSefaomtrsKd;tEG,f
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a,½k&SvifûrdUonf olwdkY\rdcifjzpfaMumif; jiif;cHkcsufrsm;udkacsy&ef
wrifMuHpnfjcif;jzpfonf/ wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf w&m;0ifrsm;r[kwf
aMumif;? tu,fí olwdkYonf c&pfawmf\ppfrSefaomaemufvdkufrsm;
jzpfvdkvQif olwdkYonf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;jzihf tmjA[H\om;tvsifjzpf&
rnfjzpfaMumif; olwdkYñTefMum;csufay;cJhMuonf/
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onf/ þynwfudkomt"duxm;olwdkYonf tmjA[H\om;rsm;r[kwf
MubJ? £&SarvuJhodkY w&m;r0ifom;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ ta&zsm;vSD;
jcif;tay: olwdkY,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;tm;jzihf pm&monf [m*&üûyouJhodkY
vnf;aumif;? £oa&vwdkYonf odemawmifwGif bk&m;ocif\ynwf
w&m;üûyouJhodkYvnf;aumif; olwdkYonf ]]Zmwdyuwd}} ü rDScdkudk;pm;
aeMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf; ,HkMunfolwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf tmjA[H
\obm0om;rsm;r[kwfcJhMuaomfvnf; £ZmufuJhodkY obm0vGeftm;
jzihftmjA[H\om;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ ]]£ZmufuJhodkYolwdkYonf tmjA[H
üûyaomuwdawmfjynfhpHkjcif;jzpfMuonf/. . . £ZmufuJhodkY vGwfvyf
jcif;ESihfarG;zGm;vmjcif;onf bk&m;ocifhaus;Zl;awmf\tusKd;oufa&muf
rIjzpfonf/ £ZmufuJhodkYolwdkYonf y#dnmOfuwdawmf\tqufESihf
oufqdkifMuonf}} (James D. G. Dunn, The Epistle to the Galatians,
p. 256).
ppfrSefaomtmjA[H\trsKd;tEG,fonf þavmuwGifrnfonfh
t&mudk&ifqdkif&rnfenf;/ *vmwd 4;28-31/ urÇm 21;8-12/
uwdxm;awmfrlaomom;jzpfjcif;aMumihf £Zmufonf aumif;csD;
r*Fvmrsm;omru? twdkuftcHESihfn§Of;qJjcif;wdkYudkvnf; ,laqmifvm
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10 rS£Zmufudk*kPfûycsdefwGif £&Sarvonf olYtm;jyuf&,fûyjcif;udk
qdkvdkonf/ urÇmOD;usrf; 21;9 rSa[jAJpum;vHk;onf ]&,fonf} [k
t"dyÜg,f&aomfvnf;? pm&m\wHkYjyefrIu £&Sarvonf £Zmufudk
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rsKd;oufa&mufaeonf/ £&Sarv\tûytrlonf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkYtwGuf
ta&;BuD;[efr&Sdaomfvnf;? rdom;pk\om;OD;tcGihfta&;udk &,lydkifqdkif
jcif;ESihfywfoufvmaomtcg omíeufeJaom&efvdkrIrsKd;yg0ifonfudk
F- 9
129 130
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udk ydkifqdkifcGihf&&SdcJhonf/
£Zmuf\0dnmOfa&;rsKd;qufrsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf toif;
awmfxJuyifvQif tcuftcJESihfqefYusifrIrsm;&ifqkdif&aomtcg tHhtm;
oifh&efr[kwfacs/
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aomMum pufwifbm 1
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y#dnmOfwpfckudkcsKyfqdkawmfrloenf;/ £oa&vrsm;onf uRefb0wGif
bk&m;ocifudkvnf;aumif;? tmjA[HESihfûyaomy#dnmOfygpnf;rsOf;rsm;udk
vnf;aumif; tawmfrsm;rsm;arhavsmhoGm;cJhMuonf/. . .
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rdrd\bkef;awmfudkazmfjyawmfrlcJhonf/ xdkaemuf em;axmifvdkufavQmuf
rItay:rlwnfí ay;rnfhaumif;csD;r*FvmESihfywfoufonfhuwdawmfESifh
twl ynwfawmfudkvnf;ay;awmfrlcJhonf/ ]oifwdkYonf ighpum;udk
trSefem;axmifí ighy#dnmOfudkapmihfavQmufvQif. . .rif;pnf;pdrf&Sdaom
,Zfyka&m[dwfrsKd;? oefY&Sif;aomvlrsKd;jzpf&Muvdrfhrnf} (xGuf 19;5?6)
[krdefYawmfrlcJhonf/ xdkolrsm;onf rdrdwdkYpdwfESvHk;\tjypfrsm;jcif;udk
vnf;aumif;? c&pfawmfrygvQif ynwfawmfudkapmihfxdef;&efrjzpfEkdif
aMumif;udkvnf;aumif; aumif;pGmrod&SdMubJ bk&m;ocifESihftvsifwaqm
y#dnmOfûycJhMuonf/ . . .odkYaomfvnf; &ufowåywftenf;i,ftMum
wGif xdky#dnmOfudkcsKd;azmufum ½kyfwkwpfckudkOD;cs0wfûycJhMuonf/
xdkaMumihf olwdkYonf rdrdwdkYcsKd;azmufvdkufaomy#dnmOftm;jzihf bk&m;ocif
\rsufESmomay;jcif;udkcH&zdkY arQmfvihfcsufr&Sdawmhacs/ ,ckwGif rdrdwdkY
\tjypf'kp½dkufrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? tjypfvTwfcH&zdkYvdktyfaMumif;udkvnf;
aumif;? olwdkYtm;jrifawGUapvsuf tmjA[HESihfûyaomy#dnmOfwGifvnf;
aumif;? ,ZfylaZmfjcif;tpDtpOfrsm;wGifvnf;aumif; yHk&dyfazmfjycJhaom
u,fwif&Sifudk vdktyfaeNyDjzpfaMumif; od&SdvmapcJhonf/ ,ckwGif
olwdkYonf ,HkMunfjcif;ESihfcspfjcif;tm;jzihf tjypf\uRefb0rSu,fEkwf&Sif
tjzpf bk&m;ocifudkoHa,mZOfwG,fcJhMuonf/ ,ckwGif olwdkYonf
y#dnmOfopf\aumif;csD;rsm;udk aus;Zl;wifwefzdk;xm;&efjyifqifcJhMuonf}}
(Ellen G. White, Patriarchs and Prophets, pp. 371,372).
-0-
131 132
oifcef;pm (11)oifcef;pm (11)oifcef;pm (11)oifcef;pm (11)oifcef;pm (11)
c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;
pufwifbm 2 - 8pufwifbm 2 - 8pufwifbm 2 - 8pufwifbm 2 - 8pufwifbm 2 - 8
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; pufwifbm 2pufwifbm 2pufwifbm 2pufwifbm 2pufwifbm 2
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 5;1-15/ 1aum 6;20/ a&mr
8;1/ a[jAJ 2;14?15/ a&mr 8;4/ 13;8/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYonf vTwfjcif;tcGihfudk&aomoljzpf]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYonf vTwfjcif;tcGihfudk&aomoljzpf
]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYonf vTwfjcif;tcGihfudk&aomoljzpf]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYonf vTwfjcif;tcGihfudk&aomoljzpf]]nDtpfudkwdkY? oifwdkYonf vTwfjcif;tcGihfudk&aomoljzpf
Mu\/ odkYaomfvnf; Zmwdyuwdtm;tcGihfudkay;í xdkvTwfjcif;Mu\/ odkYaomfvnf; Zmwdyuwdtm;tcGihfudkay;í xdkvTwfjcif;
Mu\/ odkYaomfvnf; Zmwdyuwdtm;tcGihfudkay;í xdkvTwfjcif;Mu\/ odkYaomfvnf; Zmwdyuwdtm;tcGihfudkay;í xdkvTwfjcif;Mu\/ odkYaomfvnf; Zmwdyuwdtm;tcGihfudkay;í xdkvTwfjcif;
udkroHk;MuESihf/ tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;udkaqmif&GufMuavmhudkroHk;MuESihf/ tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;udkaqmif&GufMuavmh
udkroHk;MuESihf/ tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;udkaqmif&GufMuavmhudkroHk;MuESihf/ tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;udkaqmif&GufMuavmhudkroHk;MuESihf/ tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;udkaqmif&GufMuavmh
}}}}
}}}}}}
((
(((*vmwd 5;13)/*vmwd 5;13)/
*vmwd 5;13)/*vmwd 5;13)/*vmwd 5;13)/
*vmwd 2;4 wGif aygvkonf c&pfawmfa,½Iü uREfkyfwdkY
ydkifqdkifaom ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}} udkumuG,f&efta&;BuD;aMumif; tenf;i,f
ajymqdkcJhonf/ odkYaomf olrMumcPajymavh&Sdonf/ ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}}
taMumif;ajymqdk&mwGif aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/
þvGwfvyfjcif;ü rnfonfht&myg0ifoenf;/ þvGwfvyfjcif;onf
rnfrQtwdkif;twmtxdoGm;oenf;/ ¤if;ütuefYtowf&Sdygovm;/
c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;onf ynwfw&m;ESihfrnfonfhqufpyfrI&Sdoenf;/
aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; tEÅ&m,fESpfckudkowday;&ef
txufygar;cGef;rsm;udkar;xm;onf/ yxrrSynwfonfom t"du0g'
jzpfonf/ *vmwdûrdUrSaygvkudkqefYusifolwdkYonf rdrdwdkYtusihftm;
jzihf bk&m;ocif\rsufESmomudk&&Sd&ef êud;pm;aeMuaomaMumihf
c&pfawmfvkyfief;\vGwfajrmufjcif;oabmobm0ESihf ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzihf
c&pfawmfüolwdkY&&SdNyD;jzpfaomu,fwifjcif;udk rjrifEkdifjzpfcJhMuonf/
'kwd,Ncdrf;ajcmufrIrSm uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf c&pfawmf0,fay;cJhNyD;aom
vGwfvyfjcif;udk tjypfûyvkyfEkdifcGihftjzpfjzihftqHk;owfum? tvGJoHk;pm;
vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ þ½IaxmihfudkudkifqGJaomolwdkYu vGwfvyfjcif;onf
ynwfw&m;ESihfajzmihfajzmihfBuD;qefYusifonf[k rSm;,Gif;pGm,lqMuonf/
ynwfonfomt"du0g'ESihftjypfûyEkdifcGihfESpfckpvHk;onf vGwfvyf
jcif;udkqefYusifMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ¤if;wdkYonf rdrdwdkYtm;
axmufcHolwdkYudk uRefyHkpHjzihfxdef;odrf;onf/ odkYaomfvnf; *vmwd
vlwdkYtm; aygvk\arwåm&yfcHcsufrSm c&pfawmfürdrdwdkY\&ydkifcGihftjzpf
ydkifqdkifonfh ppfrSefaomvGwfvyfjcif;ü cdkifjrJpGm&yfwnf&efjzpfonf/
we*FaEG pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3 pufwifbm 3
c&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyD
c&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyDc&pfawmfonfuREf ky fwd k Ytm;vGwfvyfapNyD
]]xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfonf igwdkYudkvTwfawmfrlaomvTwfjcif;
tcGihfüwnfaeojzihf? uRefcH&mxrf;ydk;udkxrf;í csnfaESmifjcif;udkwpfzef
rcHMuESihf}} (*vmwd 5;1)/
rdrd\wkefvIyfaeaomppfonfwdkYtm; ppfwyfacgif;aqmif\
vHIYaqmfpnf;½Hk;onfhtrdefYuJhodkY? aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; c&pfawmf
ürdrdwdkY\vGwfvyfjcif;udkrpGefYvTwf&ef ñTefMum;aeonf/ aygvkavoH
\tm;rmefygrIESihfjyif;jyrIwdkYonf pm&GufudkyifxckefvIyf&Sm;vkrwwfjzpf
aponf/ trSefrSm þt&monf aygvkvdkcsifonfht&mtwdtusjzpf
[ef&Sdonf/ þusrf;csufonf tvsifusaomt&mESihfaemufvdkufvm
aomt&mwdkYudk taMumif;t&mvdkufzufpGmqufay;aomfvnf;? Greek
usrf;pmwGif ¤if;onf jywfawmif;jzpfaejcif;ESihfqufpyfrI&Sdraejcif;onf
aygvkuþusrf;csufudk {&mrvrf;ab;aMumfjimqdkif;bkwfuJhodkY xif&Sm;ap
vdkaMumif;azmfjyonf/ c&pfawmfüvGwfvyfjcif;onf aygvk\jiif;cHk
133 134
taMumif;jycsufwpfckvHk;udkaygif;csKyfum? *vmwdvlwdkYonf ¤if;udk
pGefYypfrnfhtEÅ&m,fü&SdaeMuonf/
*vmwd 1;3?4/ 2;16 ESihf 3;13 wdkYudkzwfyg/ þusrf;csuf
wdkYwGif toHk;ûyaomOyrmwdkYonftb,fenf;/ uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf c&pfawmf
vkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aomt&mudk em;vnfEkdif&ef rnfuJhodkYulnDoenf;/
aygvk\pum; ]]c&pfawmfonf igwdkYudkvTwfawmfrlaomvTwf
jcif;tcGihf}} (*vmwd 5;1) onf olYpdwfxJü tjcm;aomOyrm&Sdae
aMumif; jyo&ma&mufonf/ þpum;vHk;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;yHkonf uRef
rsm;udkw&m;0ifvTwfay;&mwGif toHk;ûyaomvkyfenf;pepfESihftvm;oP²mef
wlaeonf/ uRefwdkYonf w&m;0if&ydkifcGihfrsm;r&SdaomaMumihf bk&m;rsm;
onf olwdkYvGwfvyfjcif;udk0,f,lEkdifonf[k,lqum? ¤if;udkwHkYjyef
aomtm;jzihf xdkuRefonf trSefwu,fvGwfvyfaomfvnf; xdkbk&m;
rsm;ESifhw&m;0ifoufqdkifaeonf/ trSefwu,frSm? vufawGUwGifxdkvkyfief;
pOfrSm pdwful;,OfyHkjyifrQomjzpfonf/ rdrd\vGwfvyfjcif;twGuf Adrmef
awmfb@mwdkufwGif aiGay;acsolrSm xdkuRefyifjzpfonf/ Oyrm? (201)
bDpDrS at'D (100) u 'JvfzDûrdU&Sd Pythian Apollo AdrmefwGif&SmazG
awGU&Sdaom wpfaxmifeD;yg;aomurÜnf;pmwGiftoHk;ûyaom xdkvkyfenf;
pepfudkoHk;oyfqifjcifMunfhyg/ “Pythian om; Apollo onf Nicaea
trnf&uRefrwpfa,mufudk Amphissa om; Sosibus xHrS0,f,lcJh
onf/. . .odkYaomfjim;vnf;? ta&mif;t0,fwGif Nicaea onf
Apollo tm;vGwfvyfjcif;twGufay;cJhonf/}} (Ben Witherington III,
Grace in Galatia, p. 340).
þvkyfenf;pepfESihf aygvk\a0g[m&toHk;tEIef;onf tajccH
wlnDrI&Sdaomfvnf;? av;eufaomjcm;em;rIwpfck&Sdaeonf/ aygvk\
OyrmwGif pdwful;,OfyHkjyifryg0ifacs/ uREkfyfwdkYonf rdrdtwGufwefzdk;
aiGudkray;&acs (1aum 6;20)/ wefzdk;onf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufaps;jrifh
vGef;aeonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudku,fwif&ef wefcdk;r&SdMuacs/
odkYaomfa,½Ionf vSrf;0ifvmum uREfkyfwdkYrvkyfaqmifEkdifonfht&m
udk vkyfaqmifay;awmfrlonf/ udk,fawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtjypfrsm;twGuf
jypf'Pfudkay;awmfrlum? xdktaMumif;aMumihf uREkfyfwdkYtm; tjypfpD&if
jcif;rSvTwfawmfrlonf/
olYudk,fydkiftoufwmudkMunfhyg/ rdrdudk,fudku,fwifEkdifrnf
[k pOf;pm;zl;ygovm;/ a,½Ionf uREkfyfwdkYtm;ay;awmfrlcJhNyD;aom
t&mtwGuf rnfrQaus;Zl;wif&rnftaMumif; oifhtajzonf rnfuJhodkY
azmfjyoenf;/
wevFm pufwifbm 4
c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0
c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0c&pf,mefvGwfvyfjcif;\oabmobm0
vGwfvyfjcif;ü jrJjrHpGm&yfwnf&ef aygvk\trdefYay;csufrSm
taMumif;rJhr[kwfacs/ þtrdefYrwdkifrD ]]c&pfawmfonfigwdkYudkvTwf
awmfrlNyD}} [laom ta&;BuD;onfhajymqdkcsuf&SdESihfaeonf/ tb,faMumihf
c&pf,mefwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\vGwfvyfjcif;ü jrJjrHpGm&yfaeMu&rnfenf;/
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf c&pfawmfonf olwdkYtm;vTwfawmfrlcJhNyD;jzpfaom
aMumihfjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf uREfkyf
wdkYtwGuf c&pfawmfaqmif&GufcJhNyD;aomt&m\&v'fjzpfonf/
tjzpfrSefudkxkwfazmfajymqdkNyD; tav;teufwdkufwGef;tm;ay;
pum;u vdkufvmonfhyHkpHonf aygvkpma&;aeusyHkpHjzpfonf (1aum
6;20/ 10;13?14/ aumavmoJ 2;6)/ Oyrm? aygvkonf ]]igwdkY\
vla[mif;onf xkdocifESihftwl vuf0g;uyfwkdifrSmtaoowfjcif;udk
cHNyD}} (a&mr 6;6) uJhodkYaom c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkY\jzpf&yfrSeftaMumif;
udk a&mr 6 wGifpGJcsufwifonfh xkwfjyefcsufwcsKdUûyvkyfonf/ þ
trSefw&m;tay:tajccHNyD; aygvkonf tvGefta&;BuD;aomwdkufwGef;
135 136
tm;ay;rI xkwfjyefEkdifonf/ ]]xdkaMumihf oifwdkY\aowwfaom
udk,fcEm\wyfrufjcif;tvdkodkYvdkuf&onfwdkifatmif tjypfw&m;onf
xdkcEmudk,fütpdk;r&apESihf}} (a&mr 6;12) [lí tajccHtm;jzihf aygvk
ajymaeusyHkpHrSm ]]c&pfawmfü oifwdkYjzpfNyD;onftwkdif;jzpfvmMuyg}}
[líjzpfonf/ {0Ha*vdw&m;\usihf0wfESihfnDaomtoufwmonf
uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;jzpfaMumif; oufaojy&ef
tvdkYiSm tusihfusihf&rnf0efxkyfudk wifjyjcif;r&Sdyg/ wdwdusus
ajym&vQif uREfkyfwdkYûyvkyfonfht&mudk ûyvkyfjcif;taMumif;rSm uREfkyf
wdkYonf udk,fawmfhom;orD;rsm;jzpfaeNyD;jzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
c&pfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; rnfonfht&mrSvTwfay;awmfrl
oenf;/ a&mr 6;14?18/ 8;1/ *vmwd 4;3?8/ 5;1/ a[jAJ
2;14?15/
c&pf,meftoufwmazmfjy&ef ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}} [laompum;vHk;
udktoHk;ûyjcif;onf "r®opfusrf;tjcm;ae&mrsm;xuf aygvk\Mo0g'pm
rsm;wGif omíay:vGifxif&Sm;onf/ ]]vGwfvyfjcif;}} ESihf ¤if;\&if;jrpf
wla0g[m&onf aygvk\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif 28 Budrfyg&Sdum? tjcm;
ae&mwGif 13 Budrfomyg&Sdonf/
vGwfvyfjcif;[kqdk&mü aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdk
oenf;/ yxrtaejzihf ¤if;onf pdwful;oabmw&m;oufoufrQ
r[kwfacs/ ¤if;onf EkdifiHa&;vGwfvyfjcif;? pD;yGm;a&;vGwfvyfjcif;
(odkYr[kwf) uREfkyfwdkYpdwfêuduftouf&Sifaexdkif&ef vGwfvyfjcif;wdkYudk
r&nfñTef;acs/ xdkodkYr[kwfbJ? ¤if;onf a,½Ic&pfESihfuREfkyfwdkYqufqH
a&;ü tajcwnfaomvGwfvyfjcif;jzpfonf/ ynwfw&m;wGef;ydkYonfh
c&pf,mefbmom\tcsKyftaESmifESihf tjypfpGJcsufwifjcif;rSvGwfvyfjcif;
udk aygvkonf &nfñTef;aMumif;jyoum? odkY&mwGif uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyf
rIonf xdkxufrursm;pGmyg0ifonf/ ¤if;ütjypfw&m;? xm0&aojcif;
ESihfewfqdk;wdkYrSvGwfvyfjcif;yg0ifonf/
]]a,½Ic&pfrygaomvlom;wnf&Sdaejcif;onf tcsKyftaESmif
wnf;[laom ynwfw&m;\tcsKyftaESmif? urÇmudkpdk;rdk;onfhraumif;
aomt&mrsm;\tcsKyftaESmif? tjypfw&m;? ZmwdyuwdESihfewfqdk;wdkY
\tcsKyftaESmif ponfhoGifjyifvu©PmrsKd;aqmifonf/ þuRefydkif&Sif
wdkY\tkyfpdk;jcif;udk tpdwfpdwft`rTm`rTmuGJoGm;ap&ef bk&m;ocifonf
rdrdom;awmfudk þavmuodkYapvTwfawmfrlonf}} (Timothy George,
Galatians, p. 354).
toufwmü rnfonfht&mwdkYonf oifhtm;uRefûyonf[k
cHpm;&oenf;/ *vmwd 5;1 udktvGwfusufNyD;? c&pfawmfü&Sdaom
vGwfvyfjcif;udk oifhtoufwmwGif trSefwu,fjzpfvmap&ef bk&m;ocif
xHqkawmif;yg/
t*Fg pufwifbm 5
ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)
ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)ynwfomt"du0g'\aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;quf (*vmwd 5;2-12)
aygvkonf *vmwd 5;2-12 udked'gef;ysKd;yHkonf olajymrnfh
t&m\ta&;BuD;jcif;udkjyoaeonf/ ]]Munfh}} (ESV) ? ]]em;axmif}}
(NRSV) ? ]]ighpum;udkrSwfom;}} (NIV) ? ]]igaygvkqdkonfum;}} (ESV)
ponfjzihf ed'gef;ysKd;onf/ aygvkonf &,fp&majymaejcif;r[kwfyg/
]]Munfh}} [laompum;vHk;udk tm;rmefygygtoHk;ûyjcif;jzihf rdrdpmzwf
y&dowfwdkY\tm½Hktjynfhudk qGJaqmif&efomru? rdrd\wrefawmfjzpf
jcif;tcGihftmPmudkyif azmfjyonf/ tu,fí wpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf
u,fwifjcif;&&Sd&ef ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;cH&rnfqdkvQif? rdrdwdkY\qHk;jzwf
csufüyg0ifvmrnfh aMumufrufzG,ftusKd;qufudk *vmwdvlwdkYem;vnf
&efvdktyfaMumif; aygvkonfolwdkYtm;em;vnfapcsifonf/
137 138
*vmwd 5;2-23 udkzwfyg/ ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;jyóemwpfckvHk;
ESihfywfoufí aygvkonf rnfonfht&mudkowday;oenf;/
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;jzihf bk&m;ocif\rsufESmom&&Sd&efêud;pm;jcif;
\yxrtusKd;qufrSm ¤if;onf xdkyk*d¾Kvftm; ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;
udkapmihfxdef;&ef wm0ef&Sdaponf/ tcef;i,f 2 ESihf 3 rS aygvk\
pum;toHk;tEIef;wGif pdwf0ifpm;p&mpum;vHk;toHk;tEIef;rsm;yg0ifonf/
c&pfawmfonf olwdkYudktusKd;ûyrnfr[kwfbJ (ophelesei) ? wdwdusus
ajym&vQif olwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkapmihf&ef wm0ef&Sdvmvdrfhrnf
(opheiletes) / tu,fí vlwpfOD;onf ynwfw&m;twkdif;touf&Sif
vdkvQif? olonf êuduf&ma&G;vdkufavQmufír&acs/ wpfckürSm;vQif
tm;vHk;rSm;jcif;yifjzpfonf/
'kwd,tusKd;qufrSm olwdkYonf c&pfawmfxHrS ]]jzwfawmuf}}
jcif;cH&ygrnf/ tusihftm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&efqHk;jzwfcsufwGif
c&pfawmfüajzmihfrwfjcif;&&Sd&ef bk&m;ocif\enf;vrf;udk wpfcsdefwnf;
jiif;y,f&ma&mufonf/ ]]ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkenf;vrf;ESpfoG,fjzihfr&&SdEkdif
acs/ oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fru,fwifEkdifaMumif;0efcHjcif;jzihf c&pfawmf
udk&&Sd&efrjzpfEkdifacs/ xdkaemuf oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fu,fwifEkdifaMumif;
,lqawmif;qdkaomtm;jzihf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkcH,lonf/}} (John R.
W. Stott, The Message of Galatians, p. 133).
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udk aygvk\wwd,uefYuGufcsufrSm ¤if;onf
0dnmOfa&;BuD;xGm;rIudkwm;qD;onf/ tajy;ûydifyGJ0ifolwpfOD;\yef;wkdifodkY
tajy;vrf;udkwrifzsufqD;cH&onfhtjzpfrsKd;ESihf aygvkEdIif;,SOfjyonf/
trSefrSm ]]qD;wm;onf}} (tcef;i,f 7) [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;udk
ppfwyftodkuft0ef;wGif ]]csDwufvmonfudk&yfwefYap&ef olvm&m
vrf;udkazmufcGJypfjcif; (odkYr[kwf) wHwm;zsufqD;jcif; (odkYr[kwf)
t[efYtwm;rsm;csxm;jcif;}} ponfwdkYudkqdkvdkonf/ (The SDA Bible
Commentary, vol. 6, p. 978).
aemufqHk;taejzihf ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;onf vuf0g;uyfwkdif\
xdk;ppfudkz,f&Sm;onf/ rnfuJhodkYenf;/ ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;\owif;pum;
rSm oifonf udk,fhudkudk,fu,fwifEkdifonf[kqdkvdkonf/ ¤if;rSm
vlYrmefrmeudkajr§mufyifhjcif;rsKd;jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif vuf0g;uyfwkdif\
owif;pum;rSm vlYrmefrmeudkwdkufcdkufonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf
uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmftay:vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;rSDcdkaeaMumif; 0efcH&rnf/
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;tay: olwdkY\jyef;xefpGmZGwfawmif;qdkjcif;
twGuf aygvkonf xdkolwdkYudktvGefa'goxGufaomaMumihf "m;ajr§mif
qGJum? olwdkYonf rdrdwdkYudk,fudkoif;uGyf&efyif olqE&SdaMumif;ajymonf/
jyif;xefaompum;jzpfonf/ odkYaomf aygvk\avoHrSm þjyóem
udk oltav;teuf½IjrifyHkudk a&mifjyef[yfonf/
Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 6
vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)
vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)vGwfvyfrIESih ftjypfûycGih f (*vmwd 5;13)
*vmwd 5;13 onf *vmwdMo0g'pmxJrSm ta&;BuD;aom
tvSnfhtajymif;udkrSwfom;onf/ þusrf;csuftxdaygvkonf rdrd
owif;pum;\bmoma&;,HkMunfrItaMumif;t&mrsm;tay: vHk;vHk;
tm½HkpdkufaecJhNyD;? ,ckwGifrlolonf c&pf,meftûytrlta&;bufodkY
vSnfhvmonf/ rnfuJhodkYaomtm;jzihf vlwpfa,mufonf ynwfw&m;
\tusihftm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;r&&Sdoenf;/
rnfonfhvGwfvyfjcif;udktvGJoHk;pm;ûyEkdifacsrS aygvkonf
*vmwdvlwdkYtm;a&Smif&Sm;apvdkoenf;/ *vmwd 5;13/
,HkMunfolwdkYonf c&pfawmfü&Sdaomaus;Zl;awmfESihfvGwfvyf
rI (a&mr 3;8/ 6;1?2) tay: rdrd\tav;ay;ajymqdkrIaemufudk
139 140
vdkufvmonfh em;vnfrIvGJEdkifajc&Sdjcif;udk aygvkodaecJhonf/ odkY&mwGif
jyóemrSm aygvk\owif;pum;r[kwfbJ? vlom;\rdrdtvdkvdkufjcif;
üom wnf&Sdaeonf/ orkdif;pmrsufESmrsm;wGifjyefYusJaeaom tusihf
ysufjcpm;jcif;ESihfudk,fusihfw&m;y&rf;ywmjzpfjcif;xJodkY qif;oufaomvl
rsm;? ûrdUrsm;ESihfEkdifiHwdkYrSm rdrdudk,fudkcsKyfwnf;rIr&Sdjcif;ESihf wdkuf½dkuf
qufET,faecJhonf/ rdrdtoufwmwGif þuJhodkYaomtjypfûyEkdifajc
rcHpm;zl;ao;aomol&Sdygovm;/ xdkaMumihf aygvkonf a,½Iaemuf
vdkufwdkYtm; Zmwdtvdkvdkufjcif;udka&Smif&Sm;&efac:aeonfrSm xif&Sm;
aeayonf/ trSefolvdkcsifonfrSm ¤if;\qefYusifbufjzpfaom
]]tcsif;csif;cspfí trIcsif;üaqmif&Guf}} jcif;jzpfonf/ wpfpHkwpfOD;onf
cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf olwpfyg;trIudkxrf;&Gufay;aomtcg? ¤if;onf
rdrdudk,fudküvnf;aumif;? Zmwdyuwdüvnf;aumif; aojcif;tm;jzihf
om vkyfaqmifEkdifaMumif;od&SdMuonf/ rdrdwdkY\Zmwdtvdkudkvdkufaom
olwdkYonf olwpfyg;udktrIxrf;&Gufvdkolrsm;r[kwfMuacs/ ¤if;\
qefYusifbufyifjzpfonf/
xdkaMumihf c&pfawmfüuREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf þavmu
\uRefûyjcif;rSvGwfajrmuf½Hkomru? cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf olwpfyg;trI
xrf;&Gufonfhwm0ef? topfaom0efaqmifrItwGuf ac:awmfrljcif;vnf;
jzpfayonf/ ¤if;rSm ]]twm;tqD;rJhtdrfeD;csif;udkcspf&ef tcGihfta&;?
tmPmESihf*kPfj'yfudk&SmazGjcif;xuf tjyeftvSefrdrdudk,fudkay;qyfonfh
tay:tajcûyaom vlYtzGJUtpnf;udk zefwD;Edkifajc&Sdjcif;wdkYjzpfonf/
(Sam K. Williams, Galatians, p. 145).
c&pf,mefbmomESifhvnf;aumif;? *vmwd 5;13 udkacwfopf
bmomjyefqdkrIwGif pum;a&G;cs,foHk;EIef;jcif;ESihfvnf;aumif; tuRrf;
w0if&Sdjcif;aMumifh *vmwdvlwdkYtwGuf tvefYwMum;jzpfaprnfhpum;vHk;
rsm;\t"dyÜg,fudk tvG,fwulrsufpdvQrf;Ekdifonf/ yxrtaejzihf?
Greek bmompum;onf þuJhodkYaom0efaqmifrIudk vIHYaqmfay;aom
cspfjcif;arwåmonf vlom;\omrefcspfjcif;r[kwf? jzpfvnf;rjzpfEkdif
aMumif;ñTefjyonf/ vlom;\cspfjcif;arwåmonf tajctaeay:rlwnf
vGef;vSonf/ aygvktoHk;ûyaom Greek bmompum;wGif ¤if;arwåm
onf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihfomuREfkyfwdkY&&Sdaom bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;
arwåmudk ñTef;qdkxm;onf/ trSefwu,ftHhMop&maumif;aomtcsuf
rSm ]]trIxrf;&Gufonf}} [lí bmomjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;\
t"dyÜg,frSm ]]uRefûyonf}} [líjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\vGwfvyfrIonf
rdrddpdwfêudufaeydkifcGihfr[kwfbJ? bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmay:tajccH
onfh tcsif;csif;tjyeftvSeftrIxrf;&Gufjcif;jzpfonf/
c&pfawmfü&Sdaom oifhvGwfvyfrIudk [dkem;'Dem;tjypftenf;i,f
ûyvkyf&ef tcGihftjzpfoifpOf;pm;zl;ygovm;/ ½dk;½dk;om;om;ajzyg/ þ
uJhodkYpOf;pm;rIrsKd;onf tb,faMumihftvGefqdk;0g;oenf;/
Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 7
ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)
ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)ynwfw&m;&S dorQudkjynfhpH kapjcif; (*vmwd 5;13-15)
]]ynwfw&m;udkt<uif;rJhusihf}} (*vmwd 5;3) jcif;[laom
tysufoabmaqmifonfhrSwfcsufESihf ]]ynwfw&m;&SdorQudkjynfhpHkap
jcif;}} (*vmwd 5;14) [laom tûyoabmaqmifonfhajymqdkcsufwdkY
udk rnfuJhodkYcsdefn§drnfenf;/ a&mr 10;5/ *vmwd 3;10?12/ 5;3
wdkYESihf a&mr 8;4/ 13;8/ *vmwd 5;14 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/
aygvk\ ]]ynwfw&m;udkt<uif;rJhusihfjcif;}} [laomtysuf
oabmaqmifonfhrSwfcsufESihf ]]ynwfw&m;&SdorQudkjynfhpHkapjcif;}}
[laomtûyoabmaqmifonfhajymqdkrIwdkYonf vltrsm;uqefYusifbuf
ûyaeMuonf[k ½IjrifMuonf/ xdkodkYr[kwfyg/ þajz&Sif;csufrSm
ynwfw&m;ESihfoufqdkifNyD; c&pf,meftûytrludkowfrSwf&mwGif rwlnD
141 142
aomenf;vrf;ESpfckMum; ta&;BuD;aomjcm;em;rIudkûyvkyf&ef aygvkonf
xdkpum;pkwpfckpDudk &nf&G,fcsufygygtoHk;ûyjcif;tcsufürlwnfaeonf/
Oyrm? c&pf,mefwdkY\ynwfw&m;apmihfjcif;udk tckdiftrm&nfñTef;&m
wGif aygvkonf ]]ynwfw&m;udkusihfjcif;}} uJhodkY b,faomtcgrQ
razmfjyaMumif; odomxif&Sm;onf/ ynwfw&m;atmufüaexdkifNyD;?
ynwfw&m;awmif;qdkonfht&mudk ]]usihfjcif;}} jzihf bk&m;ocif\
axmufcHrI&&Sd&ef êud;pm;aeolrsm;\vGJacsmfaomtûytrludk &nfñTef;
&eftwGufom oltoHk;ûyonf/
þtcsufonf c&pfawmfüu,fwifjcif;awGU&SdNyD;aomolwdkYonf
ynwfw&m;udkrusihf[krqkdvdkacs/ xdkodkYqdkaomf tvGefrsm;aeayvdrfh
rnf/ aygvku xdkolwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udk ]]jynfhpHkaponf}} [k
ajymonf/ olqdkvdkonfrSm ppfrSefaomc&pf,meftûytrlonf ynwf
w&m;udkusihfjcif;}} [laom tjyifyef;em;axmifjcif;xufrsm;pGmydkonf/
¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;udk ]]jynfhpHkaponf/}} aygvkonf ]]jynfhpHkaponf}}
[laompum;vHk;udktoHk;ûyjcif;rSm ¤if;onf ]]usihfjcif;}} xufrsm;pGm
ausmfvGefoGm;jcif;aMumihfjzpfonf/ þuJhodkYaomem;axmifrIonf a,½Iü
tjrpfwG,fonf (róJ 5;17 udkzwfyg)/ ¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;udk
pGefYy,fjcif;r[kwf? ynwfw&m;onf cspfjcif;arwåmomjzpfonf[k
tqihfavQmhcsjcif;vnf;r[kwfbJ? ¤if;rSm ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;\ppfrSef
aom&nf&G,fcsufESihft"dyÜg,fudk ,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf awGUêuHcHpm;Ekdif
rnfhenf;vrf;yifjzpfonf/
aygvk\tqdkt&? ynwfw&m;\t"dyÜg,ftjynfhtpHkudk
rnfonfhae&mwGifawGU&oenf;/ 0wfûy 19;18/ rmuk 12;31?33/
róJ 19;19/ a&mr 13;9/ ,mukyf 2;8/
¤if;rSm 0wfûy&musrf;rSudk;um;csufjzpfaomfvnf;? *vmwd
Mo0g'pmrS aygvk\azmfjycsufonf 0wfûy&musrf; 19;18 udka,½I
toHk;ûyrItay: tajcwG,faeonf/ odkY&mwGif a,½Ionf 0wfûy&musrf;
19;18 udk ynwfw&m;wpfckvHk;\tcsKyftjzpftoHk;ûyonfh wpfOD;
wnf;aom,k'q&mr[kwfcJhacs/ a,½IrwdkifrD rsKd;qufwpfqufcefYu
touf&SifcJhaom,k'q&m Hillel u ]]oifwdkYrESpfoufaomt&mudk
oifhtdrfeD;csif;wdkYtm;rûyMuESihf/ xdkt&mrSm ynwfw&m;\tcsKyfjzpf
onf}} [kajymqdkcJhonf/ odkYaomf a,½I\½IaxmihfrSm vHk;0jcm;em;
onf (róJ 7;12)/ þtcsufonf omítûyoabmaqmifonfom
ru? ynwfw&m;ESihfcspfjcif;arwåmonf rvdkufzufaomt&mr[kwf
aMumif;udkvnf;azmfjyonf/ cspfjcif;arwåmr&SdvQif ynwfw&m;onf
tcGHoufoufESihfat;pufpufjzpfaernf/ ynwfw&m;r&SdvQif cspfjcif;
arwåmonf OD;wnf&mrJhaevdrfhrnf/
olwpfyg;udkcspfjcif;ESihf ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkvdkufavQmuf
½HkoufoufwdkYwGif rnfonfhtcsufonf omívG,fuloenf;/ tb,f
aMumihfenf;/
aomMum pufwifbm 8
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]ppfrSefaom,HkMunfjcif;onf tjrJwrf;arwåmjzihfvkyfaqmif
onf/ oifonf u&meDukef;udkarQmfMunfhaomtcg wm0efudkaqmif&Guf
jcif;r&SdbJ rdrdpdwfESvHk;udkqdwfNidrfap&ef? rdrdudk,fudktdyfaysmfap&ef?
pdwfwnfNidrfap&efr[kwfbJ wpfudk,faumif;qefjcif;\&GH&SmzG,f&mrS
pdwf0dnmOfudkpifMu,fapaom tvkyfvkyfaqmifonfha,½Itm;,HkMunfjcif;
udk jzpfay:ap&efjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ,HkMunfjcif;jzihfc&pfawmfudk
qGJudkifaomtcg? uREfkyfwdkY\tusihfonf pwifaeNyDjzpfonf/ tm;rmef
ygaomwdkufyGJjzihf atmifEkdif&rnfhtusihfysuf? tjypfrsm;aomtavhtxrSm
vlwdkif;ü&Sdaeonf/ 0dnmOfwdkif;onf ,HkMunfjcif;wdkufyGJudkwdkufvSef&ef
143 144
vdktyfonf/ tu,fí wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&pfawmf\aemufvdkufjzpf
aomf? tay;t,lvkyf&mü &ufpufNyD;? oem;MuifemrIuif;rJhum pdwfESvHk;
rmausmír&acs/ olonf pum;ajym&mwGif Murf;wrf;ír&yg/ olonf
[dwf[eftjynfhjzihf rdrdudk,fudkwefzdk;jr§ifhwifír&acs/ olonf rESdyfuGyf
&yg/ Murf;wrf;aompum;? a0zefjypfwifaompum;rsm;udkrajym&yg/
]]cspfjcif;arwåm\tm;xkwfrIonf ,HkMunfjcif;\vkyfaqmifrI
rS½kef;xGufvmonf/ or®musrf;pmESihfudkufnDaombmoma&;onf tquf
rjywfvkyfaqmifrI&Sdonf/ ]olwpfyg;onf oifwdkY\aumif;aomtusihf
udkjrifí? aumif;uifbHkü&Sdawmfrlaom oifwdkYtb\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;
apjcif;iSm olwpfyg;a½SUü oifwdkYtvif;udkvif;apMuavmh/} ]aMumuf&GHU
wkefvIyfaompdwfESifh udk,fudku,fwifjcif;iSm udk,fwkdifêud;pm;tm;xkwf
Muavmh/ taMumif;rlum;---oifwdkYtxJü apwemawmftm;jzihf
ûyjyifawmfrlaomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/} uREfkyfwdkYonf aumif;
aomtusihfusihf&ef pdwftm;xufoef&rnf? aumif;aomtusihfudk
xdef;odrf;&efowdxm;&rnf/ [kwfrSefaomoufaocHrdefYawmfrlonfum;?
]oif\tusihfudkigod\} [líjzpfonf/
]]uREfkyfwdkY\rsm;ajrmifaomvIyf&Sm;rIrsm;onf u,fwifjcif;udk
¤if;wdkYudk,fwdkifaocsmapEkdifpGrf;r&Sdacs/ c&pfawmfü uREfkyfwdkYudkpkpnf;
aom,HkMunfjcif;onf pdwf0dnmOfudkvIyf&Sm;ap&ef Edk;Mum;aponfrSmvnf;
rSefuefrI&Sdonf/}} (Ellen G. White, Comments, The SDA Bible Commen-
tary, vol. 6, p. 1111).
-0-
oifcef;pm (12)oifcef;pm (12)oifcef;pm (12)oifcef;pm (12)oifcef;pm (12)
0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;0dnmOfawmfyuwdtwkdif;touf&Sifjcif;
pufwifbm 9 - 15pufwifbm 9 - 15pufwifbm 9 - 15pufwifbm 9 - 15pufwifbm 9 - 15
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; pufwifbm 9pufwifbm 9pufwifbm 9pufwifbm 9pufwifbm 9
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 5;16-25/ w&m;a[m 13;4?5/
a&mr 7;14-24/ a,&rd 7;9/ a[ma&S 4;2/ róJ 22;35-40/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/
]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/]]igynwfonfum;? 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfMuavmh/
xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}
xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}xdkodk Yusih fvQif Zmwdyuwd\tvdkodk YrvdkufbJaeMuvdrf hrnf}}
(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/
(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/(*vmwd 5;16)/
vlêuduftrsm;qHk;xJu c&pf,mefoDcsif;wpfyk'frSm Robert
Robinson \ ]]r*Fvmqkaygif;jzpfyGm;&musL;}} jzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;
vnf; Robinson rSm ,HkMunfjcif;tm;BuD;oltjrJr[kwfcJhacs/ olYzcif
aoqHk;jcif;onf olYtm;pdwfqdk;apum? umrvdkufpm;jcif;ESihfaomufMuL;
jcif;xJodkY usa&mufoGm;cJhonf/ emrnfBuD;w&m;a[mq&m George
Whitefield \w&m;a[mcsufudkMum;NyD;aemuf? Robinson onf rdrd
toufwmudk ocifbk&m;xHtyfESHum rufo'pftoif;awmf\oif;tkyf
q&mjzpfvmNyD;? txufygoDcsif;udkpyfqdkcJhonf/ oDcsif;\rl&if;pmom;
rSm ]]tdkaus;Zl;aMumihftjypfom;BuD;jrwfay? aeYpOfuREkfyf½kef;uefvkyf&&Sm?
udk,fawmf\aumif;jrwfjcif;onf ajccsKyfuJhodkY? vSnfhvnfaomESvHk;
udk udk,fawmfESihfwGJvsufcsnf}} [líjzpfonf/
145 146
F- 10
vSnfhvnfaeaomc&pf,mefpdwfESvHk; [laompmom;udkrESpfouf
aomaMumihf wpfpHkwpfOD;onf ¤if;pmom;udk ]]&Sdcdk;vdk\ocif? uREfkyf
cHpm;? uREfkyf0wfûyaombk&m;udkcspfvdkyg\}} [líjzpfonf/
t,f'Dwmonf aumif;aom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdapumrl? rl&if;pmom;
onf c&pf,mefwpfa,muf\½kef;uefrIudk twdtusazmfjyay;onf/
,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf ZmwdESihf0dnmOfobm0ESpfrsKd;udk
ydkifqdkifum? ¤if;wdkYonf qefYusifaeMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\Zmwdobm0
onf bk&m;ocifxHrSvSnfhvnf&ef tjrJwrf; ]]wdrf;ñGwf}} aeaomf
vnf;? tu,fíuREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmfxHodkYtyfESH&efvdkvdkvm;vm;
&SdcJhaomf? Zmwdyuwd\&r®ufü uRefûyjcif;cH&efrvdktyfacs/ þt&m
rSm þtywftwGufusrf;csufrS aygvkowif;pum;\qdkvdk&if;jzpfonf/
we*FaEG pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10pufwifbm 10
0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;
0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;
*vmwd 5;16 udkzwfyg/ ]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [laomt,ltq
onf ,HkMunfjcif;toufwmESihf rnfodkYywfoufrI&Sdoenf;/ w&m;a[m
13;4?5/ a&mr 13;13/ {zuf 4;1?17/ aumavmoJ 1;10/
]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} rSm vlwpfOD;ûyrl&rnfhenf;vrf;udk ñTef;qdk
aom"r®a[mif;usrf;rScdkif;EdIif;csufqGJ,ljcif;jzpfonf/ rdrdudk,fwdkif ,k'
vljzpfaomaygvkonf c&pf,meftoufwmudkazmfjyonfh ûyrlaexdkifyHk
rsKd;udkazmfjy&ef ol\Mo0g'pmrsm;wGif þcdkif;EdIif;csufudk rMumcP
toHk;ûyonf/ þcdkif;EdIif;csufudkoltoHk;ûyonfrSm a&S;OD;toif;awmf
udk OD;pGmac:qdkaomemrnfESihfqufpyfae[ef&Sdonf/ a,½Iaemufvdkuf
olrsm;udk c&pf,mefrsm; (wref 11;26) [krac:qdkrD? olwdkYtm;
]]vrf;c&D;}} \aemufvdkufrsm;tjzpf tvG,fwulod&SdcJhMuonf (a,m[ef
14;6/ wref 22;4/ 24;14)/ þtcsufonf tapmydkif;umvu
yifvQif c&pf,mefbmomonf a,½IudkA[dkûyaombmoma&;oGefoif
csufESihfqdkifaom ,HkMunfcsuftpHkomr[kwfbJ? ]]avQmufvSrf;}} &rnfh
toufwm\ ]]vrf;c&D;}} vnf;jzpfayonf/
avQmufvSrf;jcif;taMumif; aygvk\cdkif;EdIif;csufonf "r®a[mif;
usrf;üawGU&aomt&mESihf rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfjcm;em;oenf;/ xGuf
16;4/ 0wfûy 18;4/ a,&rd 44;23 wdkYESihf *vmwd 5;16?25/ a&mr
8;4 wdkYudkEdIif;,SOfyg/
ûyrlaexdkifjcif;udk "r®a[mif;usrf;wGif ]]avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [k
vG,fvG,fteufrjyefqkdbJ? ]]ynwfw&m;twdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [k
omíwduspGmteufjyefqdkonf/ Halakhah qdkonfrSm ynwfw&m;ESihf
,k'bdk;ab;rsm;\usrf;ESihfqdkifaom xHk;wrf;pOfvmrsm;üawGU&onfh
pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;&nfñTef;&ef ,k'vlwdkYtoHk;ûyaom Oya'qdkif&m
a0g[m&jzpfonf/ Halakhah udk ]],k'ynwfw&m;}} [kbmomjyefqdk
aeusjzpfaomfvnf;? ¤if;pum;vHk;onf trSeftm;jzihf ]]vrf;avQmuf
onf}} [laoma[jAJpum;vHk;ay:tajccHum? ]]avQmuf&rnfhvrf;}} [k
wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/
]]0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;}} [laom aygvk\
a&;om;csufrSm ynwfw&m;udkem;axmifjcif;ESihfqefYusifraeacs/
c&pf,mefwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkcsKd;azmufonfhenf;vrf;jzihf touf&Sif
&rnf[k oltqdkûyjcif;r[kwfacs/ wpfzefaygvkonf ynwfw&m;
(odkYr[kwf) ynwfw&m;vdkufavQmufjcif;ukd qefYusifaejcif;r[kwfacs/
olqefYusifonfht&mrSm ynwfw&m;udkwvGJtoHk;ûyonfhynwfw&m;
udkom t"duxm;onfhenf;vrf;jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifvdkcsifawmfrlonfh
ppfrSefaomem;axmifjcif;udk tjyifyef;aphaqmfrIjzihf b,faomtcgrQ
r&&SdEkdifbJ? 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf pdwfxJrSvIHYaqmfrItm;jzihfom &&SdEdkif
onf (*vmwd 5;18)/
147 148
]]0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usihfjcif;}} udk oifudk,fwdkifrnfuJhodkY
awGUêuHcJhbl;oenf;/ ¤if;udkoifrnfuJhodkYvkyfaqmifoenf;/ þuJhodkY
usihf&ef omícufcJapaom rnfonfhtavhtxrsm; oifhtoufwm
ü&Sdoenf;/
wevFm pufwifbm 11
c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©
c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©c&pf,mefwpfOD;\y#dyu©
]]taMumif;rlum;? ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdonf wpfyg;ESihf
wpfyg;qefYusifaomtvdk&SdMu\/ wpfyg;ESihfwpfyg;qefYusifbufjzpfí
oifwdkYonf usihfcsifaomtusihfudkrusihfEkdifMu}} (*vmwd 5;27/ a&mr
7;14-24 udkvnf;zwfyg)/ ,HkMunfolwpfOD;taejzihf oifhudk,fydkif
toufwmwGif þpmom;rsm;\trSefwu,fMurf;wrf;emusifrIudk
rnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;bl;oenf;/
aygvkazmfjyaom½kef;uefrIrSm vlom;tm;vHk;&ifqdkif&aom
½kef;uefrIr[kwfacs/ wdwdususajym&vQif ¤if;onf c&pf,mefwpfOD;
ü&Sdaeaom twGif;pdwfrSr[mvGefqGJjcif;udk&nfñTef;onf/ vlom;onf
ZmwdyuwdtvdkESifhudkufnDí arG;zGm;vmMuaomaMumihf (a&mr 8;7)?
uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf topfarG;zGm;vmaomtcgrQomvQif
trSeftuef0dnmOfa&;wdkufvSefyGJonf pwifxGufay:vmonf (a,m[ef
3;6)/ odkYqdk&mwGif c&pf,mefr[kwfaomolwdkYonf udk,fusihfw&m;ESihf
qdkifaomy#dyu©udk b,faomtcgrQrawGUêuHMu[krqdkvdkacs/ trSef
wu,folwdkYawGUêuH&onf/ odkYaomf ¤if;y#dyu©yifvQif tqHk;wGif
0dnmOfawmfaMumihfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; c&pf,mefwpfOD;\½kef;uef
rIudk tjcm;½IaxmihfrSMunfh&rnf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf ,HkMunfol
wpfOD;onf wpfckESihfwpfckwdkufcdkufaeaom ZmwdyuwdESifh0dnmOfyuwd
wnf;[laom t&mESpfckudkydkifqdkifxm;onf/
ordkif;wpfavQmuf c&pf,mefwdkYonf þ½kef;uefrIrSoufom
jcif;&&eftwGuf awmihfwaecJhMuonf/ vlwcsKdUonf þ½kef;uefrIudk
tqHk;owf&ef vlYtodkuft0ef;rSxGufoGm;MupOf? tjcm;olrsm;url þ
tjypfobm0udk bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;u½kPmvkyfaqmifrIjzihf zsufypf
Ekdifonf[kqdkMuonf/ þêud;pm;tm;xkwfrIESpfckpvHk;onf vGJacsmfae
onf/ 0dnmOfawmf\wefcdk;tm;jzihf Zmwdyuwd\tvdkudk trSefwu,f
csKd;ESdrfEkdifaomfvnf;? 'kwd,tBudrf<uvmcsdefü uREfkyfwdkYonf cEmopf
r&rDwdkifatmif þ½kef;uefrIonf enf;rsKd;pHkjzihfqufvuf&Sdaernf/
vlYtodkuft0ef;rSxGufoGm;jcif;tm;jzihf ½kef;xGufEkdifrnfr[kwfacs/
tb,faMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfhae&moGm;oGm;? þ½kef;uefrIudk
uREfkyfwdkY,loGm;Muum? raorD (odkYr[kwf) c&pfawmfjyefr<umvmrD
wdkifatmif&Sdaeayrnf/
olwdkYvkyfcsifonfht&mudk rvkyfaqmifapaomc&pf,mefwdkYtxJ
ü&SdaomwdkufyGJtaMumif;udk aygvkonf a&mr (7) wGifa&;om;csdefü?
olonf xdkwdkufyGJ\yrmPmtjynfhtpHkudk rD;armif;xdk;jyaeonf/ uREfkyf
wdkYonf obm0w&m;ESpfckudkydkifqdkifaomaMumihf wpfBudrfwpfcgwdkufyGJ
\ESpfzufpvHk;wGif uREfkyfwdkY&Sdaewwfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOfa&;tydkif;
onf 0dnmOfa&;ESihfqdkifaomt&mudkvdkcsifNyD; ZmwdESihfqdkifaomt&mudk
pufqkyfMuonf/ odkYaomfvnf; uREfkyfwdkY\Zmwdyuwdonf Zmwd
ESihfqdkifaomt&mrsm;udkawmihfwNyD; 0dnmOfa&;ESihfqdkifaomt&mudkqefYusif
aewwfonf/ ajymif;vJaompdwfonf ZmwdpdwfudkrdrdbmomwGef;vSef
&ef tvGeftm;enf;aeaomaMumihf ZmwdpdwfoabmudkESdrfeif;&ef uREfkyf
wdkYü&Sdonfh wpfckwnf;aomarQmfvihfcsufrSm 0dnmOfawmfbufom;jzpf&ef
aeYpOfqHk;jzwfcsufûyvkyfNyD; uREfkyfwdkY\tjypf&Sdaom udk,fudkqefYusifjcif;
jzpfonf/ þtaMumif;aMumihf 0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;vdkufavQmuf&ef
150149
uREfkyfwdkYa&G;cs,f&rnfjzpfaMumif; aygvkonfravQmhwrf;ajymqdkaejcif;
jzpfonf/
þobm0w&m;ESpfcktMum;wdkufyGJudk oifudk,fwdkifawGUêuHrIrS?
rdrdudk,fudktjrJ½kef;uefae&jcif;rS ½kef;xGuf&efêud;pm;aeaomc&pf,mef
wpfOD;twGuf rnfonfhtMuHay;rnfenf;/
t*Fg pufwifbm 12
Zmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih f
Zmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih fZmwdyuwdtusih f
ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdtMum;wnf&SdaomwdkufyGJudk ed'gef;
ysKd;NyD;aemuf? aygvkonf *vmwd 5;18-26 wGif þqefYusifbuf
oabmw&m;udk vlYusihf0wfraumif;rIESihfoDvyg&rDpm&if;wdkYudkûypkum
us,fus,fjyefYjyefY&Sif;vif;azmfjyonf/ raumif;rIrsm; (odkYr[kwf) tusihf
oDvrsm;pm&if;ûypkjcif;rSm ,k'vlwdkYESihf Greek tawG;tac:vTrf;rdk;aom
a&mrvlwdkYwGif aumif;pGmwnf&SdNyD;aompmayjzpfonf/ þpm&if;rsm;rSm
a&Smif&rnfhtûytrlrsm;ESihf twk,l&rnfhoDvrsm;jzpfMuonf/
atmufusrf;ydk'frsm;wGifazmfjyaom raumif;rIESihfoDvpm&if;udk
aocsmpGmppfaq;yg/ *vmwd 5;19-24 rS aygvk\pm&if;onf atmufyg
usrf;csufrsm;ESihf rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfwloa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;jcm;em;
oenf;/ a,&rd 7;9/ a[ma&S 4;2/ rmuk 7;21?22/ 1wd 3;2?3/
1ay 4;3/ Asm 21;8/
aygvkonf raumif;rIESihfoDvpm&if;udkaumif;pGmodaeaomf
vnf;? *vmwdMo0g'pmwGif ¤if;pm&if;ESpfckudktoHk;ûyyHkrSm odompGm
jcm;em;rIrsm;&Sdonf/ yxrtaejzihf? aygvkonf þpm&if;ESpfckjcm;em;
csufudk EdIif;,SOfjyaomfvnf;? wpfyHkpHwnf;&nfñTef;azmfjyjcif;r&Sdacs/
tusihfqdk;rsm;udk ]]Zmwdyuwdtusihfrsm;}} uJhodkYowfrSwfaomfvnf;?
aumif;aomtusihfoDvudkrl ]]0dnmOfawmf\toD;}} uJhodkYazmfjyonf/
þt&mrSm ta&;BuD;aomjcm;em;rIjzpfonf/ James D. G. Dunn onf
]]Zmwdyuwdonfawmif;qdkí? 0dnmOfyuwdrlum;xkwfvkyfay;onf/
tusihfqdk;rsm;onf pdk;&drfzG,frdrdudk,fudk,HkMunfvGef;jcif;ESihf tvGeftuRH
rdrdtvdkvdkufjcif;wdkYudkazmfjyNyD;? aumif;aomtusihfurl olwpfyg;
taMumif; at;csrf;jcif;? MuHhMuHhcHEkdifpGrf;? ,HkMunftm;xm;jcif;taMumif;
wdkYudk omíazmfjyonf/ yxrwpfckrSm vlom;\jc,fvS,frIudktom;
ay;um tjcm;wpfckurl twGif;pdwfajymif;vJjcif;onf ,HkMunfpdwfcs
&aomaexdkifûyrlrI\t&if;jzpfaMumif;udk bk&m;ocifonf jzpfajrmuf
aponf (odkYr[kwf) wGef;tm;ay;onf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/}} (The
Epistle to the Galatians, p. 308).
aygvkûypkonfhpm&if;ESpfck\pdwf0ifpm;zG,f'kwd,jcm;em;rIrSm
tusihfqdk;pm&if;udkwrif&nf&G,fNyD; ]]Zmwdyuwd\tusihfrsm;}} [lí
trsm;udef;jzihfazmfjyonf/ odkY&mwGif ]]0dnmOfawmftoD;}} rlum;? wpfck
tjzpfazmfjyonf/ þjcm;em;csufuazmfjyonfrSm Zmwdyuwdjzihfaexdkif
aomtoufwmonf uGJjym;jcif;? ½IyfaxG;jcif;? oabmxm;uGJvGJjcif;ESihf
rpnf;vHk;rIwdkYxuf rnfonfht&mudkrQrtm;ay;Ekdifacs/ xdkt&mESihf
qefYusifí 0dnmOfyuwdjzihfaexdkifaomtoufwmrlum;? pnf;vHk;jcif;
udktm;ay;onfht&nftcsif;udk;ckygaom 0dnmOfawmftoD;wpfvHk;udk
oD;aponf/
þtajctaeudkMunfhum vlwcsKdUu vlwpfOD;onf ½dk;om;
rSefuefrI&Sdaeoa&GU bk&m;ocifudk,HkMunfonfht&monf trSefwu,f
ta&;rBuD;[kqdkMuonf/ þt&mxuf or®mw&m;rSa0;uGmaomt&m
bmrQr&SdEdkifawmhacs/ aygvk\raumif;aomtusihfrsm;onf qefYusif
bufudkazmfjyonf/ bk&m;ociftaMumif; ysufpD;aom½Ijrifjcif;onf
vdifqufqHjcif;? bmoma&;ESihfudk,fusifhw&m;taMumif;t,ltqrsm;udk
151 152
vGJacsmfapum? vlom;qufqHa&;udkysufjym;aponf/ xdkYjyifru ¤if;onf
xm0&toufudkvnf; qHk;½HI;jcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;Ekdifonf/ (*vmwd 5;21)/
]]Zmwdyuwd\tusihfrsm;}} tm;vHk;udkMunfhyg/ ynwfawmf
(10) yg;rS wpfck (odkYr[kwf) wpfckruusL;vGef&ma&mufaMumif;udk
rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihf oifjrifEkdifoenf;/
Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 13
0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)
0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)0dnmOfawmf\toD; (*vmwd 5;22-24)
]]0dnmOfyuwd\tusKd;rlum; cspfjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif;? Nidrfouf
jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? aus;Zl;ûyjcif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? opömapmihfjcif;?
El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? umr*kPfcsKyfwnf;jcif;aywnf;/ xdkodkYaomtusihf
udk tb,fw&m;rQrjrpfwm;}} (*vmwd 5;22?23)/ þusrf;csufrsm;
wGifazmfjyouJhodkY ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkvdkufemjcif;onf rnfonfh
enf;tm;jzih f 0dnmOfawmftoD;udka&mifjyef[yfoenf; (róJ
5;21?22?27?28/ 22;35-40 wdkYudkvnf;zwfyg)/
ynwfawmf (10) yg;onf rnfolYudkcspf&rnf[laom a&G;cs,f
p&mr[kwfyg/ ¤if;onf bk&m;ocifESihfvlom;ESpfOD;pvHk;udk uREfkyfwdkY
rnfodkYcspfjcif;arwåmjyo&rnfudk vrf;jyulnDay;onf/ odkYaomfvnf;
¤if;onf ynwfawmf\pmom;udkausmfvGefaomfvnf;? cspfjcif;onf
ynwfawmfESihfuGJvGJrIr&Sdacs/ bk&m;ocifESihfuREfkyfwdkYtdrfeD;csif;udkcspf&
rnf[laomoabmw&m;onf ynwfawmf (10) yg;udkysufjy,fapvQif
obm0w&m;ukdcspfjcif;onf urÇm hqGJtm;ed,mrudkysufjy,faponf[k
ajymjcif;uJhodkYyifjzpfonf/
Zmwdyuwdtusihf (15) rsKd;udk pum;vHk;wpfckjzihfazmfjycsufESihf
uGJvGJNyD; 0dnmOfawmftoD;udkrl pGJrufzG,foDv (9) rsKd;jzihfazmfjyonf/
usrf;pmynm&SifwdkYonf xdkoDvudk;rsKd;udk oHk;rsKd;wpfpHktaejzihfzGJUpnf;
aomfvnf;? pDxm;onfhtpDtpOfusrIudk oabmrwlrIrsm;vnf;&Sdaeonf/
vlwcsKdUu oHk;yg;wpfqlbk&m;udk oG,f0dkuf&nfñTef;onf[k jrifMu
onf/ tjcm;olwdkYurl bk&m;ocif? uREfkyfwdkY\tdrfeD;csif;ESihftqHk;rSm
uREfkyfwdkYudk,fudk rnfodkYqufpyfESD;ET,frI&Sd&rnfqdkonfudkjyaom t&m
oHk;ck[kqdkonf/ tjcm;vlwcsKdUuvnf; xdk0dnmOfawmftoD;udk a,½I
udktajccHtm;jzihfazmfjyjcif;jzpfonf[kqdkMuonf/ þuJhodkYaom½Ijrif
oHk;oyfrIwpfckcsif;pDonf olY[molt"dyÜg,f&Sdygaomfvnf;? vspfvsL
r½Ixm;oifhonfh ta&;ygqHk;aomtcsufrSm aygvkonf c&pf,mef
toufwmwGif cspfjcif;arwåmonf ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfaMumif; tav;
ay;azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf/
aygvkonf cspfjcif;arwåmudk tusihfoDvudk;yg;wdkY\yxr
ae&mwGif a&;om;azmfjyjcif;rSm wdkufqdkifrIr[kwfacs/ olonf *vmwd
5;6?13 wGif c&pf,meftoufwmwGif cspfjcif;arwåmonf t"duus
aMumif;rD;armif;xdk;jyNyD;jzpfum? tjcm;usrf;csufrsm;rS tusihfoDvpm&if;
wGifvnf; cspfjcif;arwåmyg0ifonf (2aum 6;6/ 1wd 4;12/ 6;11
ESihf 2wd 2;22)/ pifppfrSm tjcm;aomtusihfoDvtm;vHk;udk c&pf,mef
r[kwfaomt&if;tjrpfrsm;wGifvnf;yg&SdNyD;? cspfjcif;arwåmrSmc&pf,mef
qefonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm cspfjcif;arwåmudk tusihfoDvtrsm;xJuwpfck
tjzpfom½Ijrif&efr[kwfbJ? tjcm;tusihfoDvtm;vHk;twGuf t"du
aomhcsufjzpfaom ta&;BuD;qHk;aomc&pf,meftusihfoDvtjzpf ½Ijrif
&rnf/ cspfjcif;arwåmonf xif&Sm;onfh0dnmOfawmftoD;jzpfum (1aum
13;13/ a&mr 5;5)? ¤if;onf c&pf,mefwdkif;\toufwmESihfpdwfae
oabmxm;udk ay:vGifap&rnf (a,m[ef 13;34?35)/ odkYaomfvnf;
wpfcgwpfcg cspfjcif;arwåmjyo&efrSmcufcJayonf/
153 154
arwåmwGif rdrdudk,fudkrnfrQtxdjiif;y,f&rnfenf;/ rdrdudk,f
udkrjiif;y,fbJcspfí&ygovm;/ a,½Ionf cspfjcif;arwåmESihfrdrdudk,f
udkjiif;y,fjcif;taMumif; bmoifay;oenf;/
Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 14
atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;
atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;atmifjrif&efenf;vrf;
ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdtMum;twGif; y#dyu©onf ,HkMunf
olwdkif;\pdwfESvHk;xJwGif tjrJjyif;xefaernfjzpfaomfvnf;? c&pf,mef
toufwmudkrl ½HI;edrfhjcif;? us½HI;jcif;ESihf tjypfw&m;rsm;u csKyfudkif
rnf[krqdkvdkacs/
*vmwd 5;16-26 t&? Zmwdyuwdtay: 0dnmOfawmfpdk;rdk;
aomtoufwmjzihf aexdkifaomtoufwm\t"duaomhcsufonf
tb,fenf;/
*vmwd 5;16-26 wGif 0dnmOfawmfpdk;rdk;aomtoufwmrsKd;udk
azmfjyonfh Bud,mig;ckyg&Sdonf/ yxrrSm ,HkMunfolonf 0dnmOf
yuwdtwkdif; ]]vdkufavQmuf}} &efvdktyfonf (tcef;i,f 16)/
¤if;twGuf Greek Bud,mrSm Peripateo jzpfum ]]vSnfhywfoGm;onf
(odkYr[kwf) aemufvdkufonf}} [k wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/ emrnf
ausmf Greek tawG;tac:ynm&Sif Aristotle \aemufvdkufrsm;udk
Peripatetics [kodMu&jcif;rSm olwdkYonf Aristotle oGm;onfhae&m
wdkif;udk vdkufMuaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ ¤if;Bud,monf ypöKyÜefumvu
jyaomBud,mjzpfjcif;rSm aygvkonf tcgtm;avsmfpGmvdkufavQmufjcif;
r[kwfbJ aeYpOfqufwkduftawGUtêuHudk ajymaejcif;jzpfaMumif;azmfjy
onf/ xdkYjyifru 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif; ]]vdkufavQmuf}} &eftrdefYay;
onfht&mjzpfaejcif;aMumihf 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif;vdkufavQmuf&efrSm
aeYpOfESihftrQ uREfkyfwdkYonf a&G;cs,f&rnfjzpfaMumif;qdkvdkonf/ 'kwd,
Bud,mrSm ]]tvdkodkYvdkufonf}} jzpfonf (tcef;i,f 18)/ qdkvdk
onfrSm uREfkyfwdkYoGm;&rnfhae&modkY 0dnmOfawmf\ydkYaqmifjcif;udkcGihfûy
&efvdktyfonf (a&mr 8;14/ 1aum 12;2 udkEdIif;,SOfyg)/ OD;aqmif
&efr[kwfbJ? aemufvdkuf&efrSm uREfkyfwdkY\tvkyfjzpfonf/
aemufBud,mESpfckudk *vmwd 5;25 wGifawGU&onf/ yxr
Bud,mrSm ]]touf&Sifaexdkifonf}} jzpfonf/ ]]touf&Sifaexdkifonf
[kqdk&mü aygvkonf ,HkMunfolwdkif;\toufwmudk trSwftom;
ûyonfh topfarG;zGm;jcif;tawGUtêuHudk&nfñTef;onf/ aygvkonf
ypöKyÜefumvjyBud,mudktoHk;ûyjcif;onf aeYpOftopfjzpfap&rnfh topf
arG;zGm;jcif;tawGUtêuHudkñTefjyonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfyuwd
twdkif;touf&SifaomaMumifh uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmftm;jzihf
]]avQmufvSrf;}} &efvnf;vdktyfaMumif; aygvkqufa&;onf/ ]]avQmufvSrf;
onf}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf tcef;i,f 16 ü&Sdaomt&mESihf
jcm;em;onf/ þusrf;csufrSrl&if;pum;vHk;rSm Stoicheo jzpfonf/
¤if;onf ]]wef;pDonf}} ]]ajcvSrf;twkdif;eif;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]xHk;wrf;
pOfvmaemufvdkufonf}} [kqdkvdkaom ppfwyfa0g[m&wpfckjzpfonf/
qdkvdkonfrSm 0dnmOfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;toufudkay;awmfrlonfom
ru? aeYpOfuREfkyfwdkYtoufwmudkvrf;jy&ef[líjzpfonf/
tcef;i,f 24 wGif aygvktoHk;ûyaomBud,mrSm ]]uyfwdkif
wifowfonf}} jzpfonf/ þBud,mrSm tenf;i,fwkefvIyfp&m&Sdonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfawmfaemufodkYvdkufaomf? Zmwdyuwd\tvdkrsm;
udkowfypf&ef cdkifrmaomqHk;jzwfcsufcs&rnfjzpfonf/ trSefrSm aygvk
onf wifpm;ajymqdkaejcif;jzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOf
a&;toufwmudk auR;arG;jcif;tm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? Zmwdyuwdtvdk
rsm;udk &du©mjzwfjcif;jzihfvnf;aumif; ZmwdyuwdudkowfypfEkdifonf/
oifhtm;xyfwvJvJvGwfajrmufapaom c&pfawmf\atmifjrif
jcif;ü oifhudkuwdxm;awmfrlaomatmifjrifjcif;rsm;udk&&SdEkdif&ef rnfonfh
ajymif;vJrIrsm;ESihfa&G;cs,frIrsm;udk ûyvkyf&rnfenf;/
155 156
aomMum pufwifbm 15
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]c&pf,mefwpfOD;\toufwmonf tjrJacsmarGUraeyg/ olonf
cufxefaomy#dyu©udkêuHawGU&rnf/ jyif;xefaompHkprf;jcif;rsm;onf
olYudkxdk;ESufaeonf/ ]]ZmwdyuwdESihf0dnmOfyuwdwdkYonf wpfyg;ESihf
wpfyg;qefYusifaomtvdk&SdMu\/}} uREfkyfwdkYonf urÇm\tqHk;ydkif;
udkomíeD;uyfvmav? &efol\wdkufcdkufrIrsm;onf omíxifa,mif
xifrSm;jzpfav? omícsKyfrdavjzpfvmrnf/ ol\wdkufcdkufrIrsm;onf
ydkíMurf;êuwfav? omírsm;vmavavjzpfrnf/ tvif;w&m;ESihfor®m
w&m;udkckcHolwdkYonf omípdwfESvHk;rmausmNyD; nHhzsif;vmum?
bk&m;ocifudkcspfí udk,fawmf\ynwfawmfudkvdkufavQmufaomolwdkY
tay: omícg;oD;avjzpfrnf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA
Bible Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1111).
]]oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\vTrf;rdk;rIonf pdwfESvHk;xJu
c&pfawmf\toufjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfudkjrifNyD;? olYtm;
pum;rajymaomfvnf; udk,fawmf\oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf tjcm;
ae&mrSmuJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYteD;wGif&Sdawmfrlonf/ c&pfawmfudk&&Sdaomvl
wkdif;\txJüaomfvnf;aumif;? olwdkYtm;jzihfaomfvnf;aumif; 0dnmOf
awmftvkyfvkyfawmfrlonf/ 0dnmOfawmf\udef;0yfrIudk od&SdaomolwdkY
onf 0dnmOfawmf\toD;rsm;jzpfaom cspfjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif;? Nidrfouf
jcif;? pdwf&Snfjcif;? El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? ,HkMunfjcif;
wdkYudkazmfjyMuvdrfhrnf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible Com-
mentary, vol. 6, p. 1112).
-0-
oifcef;pm (13)oifcef;pm (13)oifcef;pm (13)oifcef;pm (13)oifcef;pm (13)
{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf{0Ha*vdw&m;ESihftoif;awmf
pufwifbm 16 - 22pufwifbm 16 - 22pufwifbm 16 - 22pufwifbm 16 - 22pufwifbm 16 - 22
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; pufwifbm 16pufwifbm 16pufwifbm 16pufwifbm 16pufwifbm 16
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 6;1-10/ róJ 18;15-17/ 1aum
10;12/ a&mr 15;1/ a,m[ef 13;34/ vkum 22;3/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;
]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;]]xdkaMumihfigwdkYonf tqifoifhonftwkdif; ,HkMunfjcif;
\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom
\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom\tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYü txl;ojzihfaus;Zl;ûyvsuf? cyfodrf;aom
olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/
olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/olwdkYtm; aus;Zl;ûyMuukeftHh}} (*vmwd 6;10)/
v,form;wcsKdUonf oefpGrf;aomtyifrsm;udk rdrdwdkYtwGuf
csefxm;um? roefaomtyifrsm;udk rsKd;twGufxm;&efqHk;jzwfMuonf/
&dwfodrf;aomtcg pdwfysufMuNyD;aemuf obm0onf olwdkY\oD;ESH
rsm;udk zefa*:vDt&G,frQavmuftxd avQmhcsonfudkawGU&SdvmcJhMu
onf/ þratmifjrifrItm;jzihf xdkv,form;rsm;onf toufwm\
ta&;BuD;aomed,mrwpfckudk oif,lcJhMuonf/
]]olwdkYonf toufwm\taumif;qHk;aomt&mrsm;udk rdrd
wdkYtwGufxm;um? vufusefrsKd;aphrsm;twGuftoHk;ûyír&acs/ b0
ed,mronf &dwfodrf;jcif;onf pdkufysKd;onfht&mudk a&mifjyef[yfaMumif;
tckdiftrmjyoonf/
]]wpfenf;tm;jzihf nHhzsif;aomrsKd;aphpdkufysKd;jcif;udk vltawmfrsm;rsm;
usihfoHk;aeMuqJjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf toufwm\aumif;aomt&m
rsm;udk uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf&,lum vufusefrsm;udkpdkufysKd;Muonf/ wcsKdUaom
157 158
½l;rdkufNyD;rlrrSefaom0dnmOfa&;ed,mrrsm;tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY\wpfudk,f
aumif;qefjcif;udk udk,fusKd;riJhuGufrIjzihfqkcsay;vdrfhrnf[k uREfkyfwdkY
arQmfvihfMuonf/}} (International Student Fellowship Newsletter, March
2007).
aygvkonf þtajccHpnf;rsOf;udk *vmwd 6;1-10 wGiftoHk;
ûyonf/ toif;om;wdkYonf tcsif;csif;udkufpm;? zsufqD;rnfhtpm;
(*vmwd 5;15)? toif;awmfonf 0dnmOfawmfuuREfkyfwdkYtm; olwpfyg;
udkrddrdwdkYxufOD;pm;ay;&ef ydkYaqmifonfhae&mjzpf&ygrnf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf
aus;Zl;awmftm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;cH&onfudk em;vnfoabmayguf
jcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYudkESdrfhcsapum? olwpfyg;ESihfqufqH&mwGif omí
pdwf&SnfNyD; tMuifemydk&rnfjzpfonf/
we*FaEG pufwifbm 17 pufwifbm 17 pufwifbm 17 pufwifbm 17 pufwifbm 17
vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;
vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;vJolud kxlrjcif;
c&pf,meftoufwm\oabmobm0twGuf aygvkonf
tvGefjrihfrm;aomarQmfvihfcsuf&SdaepOf (*vmwd 5;16)? *vmwd 6;1
rS,HkMunfolrsm;xH ol\tMuHûycsufonf tm;wufapaomvufawGU
usonfht&mjzpfonf/ vlom;rsm;onfrjynfhpHkacs/ qufuyfqHk;aom
c&pf,mefrsm;yifvQif trSm;ESihfruif;Muacs/ Greek bmomtm;jzihf
*vmwd 5;16 wGif aygvktoHk;ûyaompum;vHk;rsm;onf wpfcsdefwpfcg
wGif toif;awmfxJüjzpfEkdifajc&Sdonfhtajctaewpfckudk olonfêudjrif
aeaMumif;jyovsuf&Sdonf/ xdkuJhodkYaomtajctaersKd;a&mufvmaom
tcg rnfuJhodkYudkifwG,f&rnftaMumif; vufawGUusaomtMuHudk
aygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm;ay;onf/
rdwfaqG,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf rSm;,Gif;aomtûytrludkûyvkyfcJh
aomf c&pf,mefwdkYonf rnfuJhodkYwHkYjyef&rnfenf;/ *vmwd 6;1/
róJ 18;15-17/
*vmwd 6;1 u aygvk\tMuHûycsufrS tusKd;tjrwf&&SdEkdif
&ef? uREfkyfwdkYonf aygvkpdwfxJü&Sdaomtajctaetwdtusudk em;vnf
&efvdktyfonf/ xdkodkYem;vnfEdkif&mpmaMumif;yxrtydkif;rS toHk;ûy
aompum;vHk;ESpfckudkavhvm&ygrnf/ yxrpum;vHk;rSm ]]zrf;rdonf}}
(ESV) jzpfonf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;onf ]]&SmazGawGU&Sdonf? ausmfwuf
oGm;onf? (odkYr[kwf) tidkufzrf;onf}} [lí wdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&
onf/ tajctaeESihf¤if;pum;vHk;ESihfqufET,fNyD; rodromuGJjym;rIwdkY
onf aygvkpdwfxJwGif ½IaxmihfESpfck&SdaeaMumif; xif[yfaponf/
¤if;onf ,HkMunfolwpfOD;onf tjcm;aom,HkMunfolwpfOD;u trSm;
rsm;ûyvkyfaepOf ]]zrf;rdonf}} [kazmfjyonfomru? wpfpHkwpfOD;onf
a&SmifvGJEdkifygvsufESihf ¤if;tûytrlu rdrdudk ]]zrf;rdjcif;}} (okwåH 5;22
udkzwfyg) jzpfpOfudkvnf;&nfñTef;onf/
aygvkaqG;aEG;aomtrSm;ûyvkyfjcif;onf wrif&nf&G,fvsuf
vkyfaqmifjcif;rsKd;r[kwfaMumif; oltoHk;ûyaoma0g[m&rStaxmuftxm;
jyae[ef&Sdonfh ]]trSm;}} (KJV) odkYr[kwf ]]tjypf}} (NIV) [kbmom
jyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm paraptoma jzpfNyD;? wrif&nf&G,f
ûyvkyfonfhtjypfudkrqdkvdkbJ trSm;? cvkwfwdkufrdjcif;? (odkYr[kwf)
ajcvSrf;rSm;jcif;udkqdkvdkonf/ þtcsufudk 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif;usihf
jcif;taMumif; tvsif&Sifaygvka&;om;csufrSMunfhaomf txl;ojzihf
t"dyÜg,f&Sdonf/ þtcsufonf vlwpfOD;\trSm;twGufqifjcif
r[kwfaomfvnf;? aygvkonf rsufESmajymiftjypfûyonfhudpö (1aum
5;1-5) udkajymaejcif;r[kwfaMumif;xif&Sm;onf/
xdkuJhodkYaomtajctaersKd;udk pepfwuswHkYjyef&mwGif tjypf
'Pfay;jcif;? tjypfwifpGyfpGJjcif; (odkYr[kwf) MuOfxm;jcif;rsKd;rûyvkyf
bJ? e*dktajctaejyefa&muf&ef xlray;jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]e*dktwkdif;jyef
jzpfaponf}} [kjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;rSm katartizo jzpfNyD;?
160159
]]zmax;onf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]pepfwuspDonf}} [kqdkvdkonf/ "r®opf
usrf;wGif þpum;vHk;udk ydkufuGefrsm; ]]zmax;onf}} [ktoHk;ûyum
(róJ 4;21)? Greek pmay? aq;0g;a0g[m&tjzpf ¤if;udkusKd;aom
t½dk;udkjyefqufay;onfhvkyfief;pOfudk azmfjy&eftoHk;ûyonf/ uREfkyfwdkY
onf vJNyD;ajcaxmufusKd;aomrdwfaqG,HkMunfolwpfOD;udk pGefYypfxm;
rnfr[kwfouJhodkY c&pfawmfudk,fcE¨m\t*Fgtpdwftydkif;rsm;taejzihf
uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\EkdifiHawmfodkYoGm;&mvrf;c&D;wGif twlwuG
oGm;aepOf uREfkyfwdkY\nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;onf cvkwfwdkufvJusonf
&Sdaomf nifompGmûypkMu&rnf/
róJ 18;15-17 udkvdkufavQmufusihfrnfhtpm;? tb,faMumihf
uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkYpdwfqdk;aomolwdkYraumif;aMumif;udk rMumcP
ajymNyD; xdkoltay:wtHkaEG;aEG;a'goxGufum vufpm;acs&efyifMuHpnf
Muoenf;/
wevFm pufwifbm 18
pH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;yg
pH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;ygpH kprf;jcif;ud kowdxm;yg
]]emoefuvnf; ('g0d'ftm;) xdkolum; udk,fawmfyifjzpf\
[kqdk\}} (2&m 12;7)/
uREkfyfwdkYonf pHkprf;jcif;aemufodkYrvdkufrdap&ef rdrdwdkYtoufwm
udkapmihfMuyf&rnf[laom *vmwd 6;1 rS aygvkpum;\av;eufrI
udk vspfvsLr½Ityfay/ aygvktMuHûyjcif;aemufuG,frS ta&;wBuD;
jzpfjcif;ESihf udk,fydkifpdk;&drfrIwdkYudkñTefjycsufudk olarwåm&yfcHonfhyHkpHtm;
jzihf jrifawGUEkdifonf/ ]]axmufxm;n§mwmonf}} (KJV) odkYr[kwf
]]*½kpdkufonf}} (NRSV) [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf ]]aoaocsmcsm
Munfhonf}} (odkYr[kwf) ]]aocsmem;axmifonf}} [lí wdkuf½dkufqdkvdk
onf (a&mr 16;17/ zdvdyÜd 2;4 udkEdIif;,SOfyg)/ xdkaMumihf aygvk
wdkuf½dkufajymaeonfrSm trSwfrxiftjypfw&m;onf oifhudkr,laqmif
rnftaMumif; ]]rdrdudk,fudk*½kwpdkufapmihfMunfhyg}} [líjzpfonf/ þ
owday;csufudkavhvmaomf? aygvkonf usrf;csuf\yxrtydkif;wGif
]]oifwdkY}} [líoHk;&mrSm (*vmwd 6;1) \'kwd,ydkif;wGifrl tenf;jy
]]oif}} [lí ajymif;oHk;onfudkawGU&Sd&onf/ þt&monf toif;awmf
wpfckvHk;udkowday;onfh a,bk,sowday;csufr[kwfbJ? toif;awmf
xJü&Sdaom vlwpfOD;csif;pDudk rdrdudk,fwkdifowday;pum;ajymjcif;
jzpfonf/
*vmwdvlwdkYtm; jyif;xefpGmowday;aom pHkprf;jcif;\oabm
obm0udk aygvkonf &Sif;vif;pGmrazmfjyacs/ olYpdwfxJü wdusonfh
jypfrSm;rIr&SdbJ? tjcm;olwdkYudkjyefvnfxlay;&efêud;pm;Muonfh rnfonfh
tjypfrqdk? tvm;wltjypfrsKd;rusL;vGefjcif;tEÅ&m,fudk tvG,fwul
&nfñTef;jcif;vnf;jzpfEkdifayonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif *vmwd 5;26
rS ]]ausmfapmudwådudkwyfrufjcif;}} udk ol\owday;pum;u olwdkY
onf olwdkYjyefvnfxlray;aomolwdkYxuf 0dnmOfa&;bufwGifomvGef
onf[kcHpm;jcif;udk olowday;aejcif;jzpfaMumif;jyoonf/
tb,faMumihfaygvkonf *vmwdvlwdkYtm; 0dnmOfa&;b0if
jrihfjcif;udk owday;&efvdktyfoenf;/ 1aum 10;12/ róJ 26;34/
2&m 12;1-7 wdkYudkavhvmyg/
c&pf,meftoufwmwGif tBuD;rm;qHk;aomtEÅ&m,fwpfckrSm
uREfkyfwdkYonf tjypftrsKd;tpm;wcsKdUudk b,fenf;ESihfrqdkrusL;vGefEkdif
[laom 0dnmOfa&;b0ifjrifhjcif;yifjzpfonf/ &Sif;vif;aomtcsufrSm
bk&m;ocifudkqefYusifonfhobm0jzpfaom tvm;wltjypf&Sdaomobm0
udk uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;ydkifqdkifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf bk&m;ocifh0dnmOf
awmf\xdef;csKyfrIwefcdk;ryg&Sdaomf? tajctaeay;vmvQif rnfonfh
tjypfrqdk uREfkyfwdkYusL;vGefEkdifayonf/ c&pfawmfryg&Sdaom uREfkyfwdkY\
162161
F- 11
tjzpfrSefudk xdkodkYod&Sdjcif;onf rdrdudk,fudkajzmihfrwfonf[k,lqaom
tjypfxJusa&mufjcif;rSumuG,fEkdifum? trSm;ûyrdaomtjcm;olrsm;tay:
wGifvnf; omíBuD;rm;aomoem;jcif;u½kPmudk ay;pGrf;Ekdifvdrfhrnf/
wpfaeYwpfcsdefwGif oifudk,fwdkifûyrdaomtjypfudk ûyaomtjcm;
olwdkYtm; tBudrfrnfrQjypfwif½Iyfcsoenf;/
t*Fg pufwifbm 19
0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)
0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)0efxkyfxrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;2-5)
vJoludkxlay;jcif;tjyif rnfonfhtjcm;ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk
aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUrS,HkMunfolwdkYudkay;oenf;/ (*vmwd 6;2-
5/ a&mr 15;1/ róJ 7;12 wdkYukdvnf;zwfyg/)
*vmwd 6;7 rS ]]0ef}} [kbmomjyefqdkaom Greek pum;vHk;
rSm baros jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm wpfpHkwpfOD;onf c&D;&SnfwGifo,faqmif
&onfh av;vHaomtav;csdef (odkYr[kwf) 0efudk wdkuf½dkuf&nfñTef;
onf/ odkY&mwGif tcsdefMumvmonfESihftrQ ¤if;onf aeyljyif;aom
wpfaeYwmvHk;vkyfaqmif&onfh 0efxkyf0efydk;uJhodkYaom 'ku© (odkYr[kwf)
tcuftcJrsKd;udk wifpm;&mwGiftoHk;ûyvmonf/ (róJ 20;12)/
]]0efwdkYudktcsif;csif;ulnDxrf;&GufMuavmh}} [laom aygvktrdefYay;jcif;
\vufiif;tajctaewGif tvsifusrf;csufrsm;üazmfjyonfh a&mif;&if;
,HkMunfolwdkY\udk,fusihfw&m;ysuf,Gif;rIrsm; {uefrkcsyg0ifaomfvnf;
pdwfxJü&Sdaom 0efxrf;jcif;oabmw&m;onf rsm;pGmomíus,fjyefY
onf/ aygvk\ñTefMum;csufwdkYonf vspfvsLr½Ityfonfh c&pf,mef
taMumif;0dnmOfa&;qdkif&mxdk;xGif;tjrifwcsKdUudkazmfjyonf/
yxrtaejzihf Timothy George a&;rSwfouJhodkY ]]c&pf,mef
wdkif;onf 0efxkyf&SdMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\0efxkyfrsm;onf t&G,ftpm;
ESihfyHkpHjcm;em;rnfjzpfum uREfkyfwdkYtoufwm\uHMur®may:rlwnfí
trsKd;tpm;vnf;uGJjym;vdrfhrnf/ ¤if;onf wcsKdUvlwdkYtwGuf tcef;i,f
(1) üazmfjyouJhodkY pHkprf;jcif;ESihfudk,fusihfw&m;ysuf,Gif;rI\&v'f
0efxkyf0efydk;rsm;jzpfonf/ tjcm;olwdkYtwGufrl udk,fum,zsm;emjcif;?
(okdYr[kwf) pdwfrlrrSefjcif;? (odkYr[kwf) rdom;pkta&;tcif;? (odkYr[kwf)
tvkyfvufrJhjzpfjcif;? (odkYr[kwf) ewfqdk;ESdyfpufjcif;? (odkYr[kwf)
tjcm;t&mrsm;pGmjzpfEkdifonf/ odkY&mwGif rnfonfhc&pf,mefrQ 0efxkyf
ESihfruif;Ekdifacs/}} (Galatians, p. 413).
'kwd,taejzihf? bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkY\0efxkyf0efydk;rsm;
udk uREfkyfwdkYomxrf;&Guf&efr&nf&G,facs/ uHraumif;pGm? uREfkyfwdkYonf
rdrdudk,fydkif0efxkyfudk olwpfyg;uulnDxrf;ay;&efcGihfûyjcif;xuf
olwpfyg;\0efxkyfudkulxrf;ay;&ef omvGefpGmvdkvdkvm;vm;&Sdaejcif;
jzpfonf/ aygvkonf þrdrdudk,fudkjynfhpHkonf[k rSwf,laompdwf
oabmxm;udk vlom;\rmefrmetjzpf½Iwfcsum (*vmwd 6;3)? uREfkyf
wdkYonfvnf; vdktyfcsufrsm;ESihftm;enf;csufrsm;&SdonfudkvufcH&ef
jiif;qdkjcif;uJhodkYjzpfaeaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkYaomrmefrmeonf
olwpfyg;\ESpfodrfhrIudkqHk;½HI;aponfomru? tjcm;olwdkYonf trI
aqmif&ef bk&m;ocifac:awmfrljcif;udkvnf; jynfhpHkapjcif;rSolwdkYudk
wm;qD;onf/
aemufqHk;taejzihf bk&m;ocifonf olwpfyg;\0efudkxrf;ay;
&ef uREfkyfwdkYtm;ac:awmfrlonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf uREfkyfwdkY\
vkyfaqmifrItm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\ESpfodrfhrIonf ay:vGifxif&Sm;onf/
þoabmw&m;rSm toif;awmfonf c&pfawmf\udk,fjzpfonf[l
aomtcsuftay: wnfaqmufxm;onf/ þtcsuf\Oyrmonf
aygvk\ ]]odkYaomfvnf;? ESdrfhcsvsuf&SdaomolwdkYudk oufomapawmf
rlwwfaombk&m;ocifonf wdwka&mufvmaomtm;jzihf igwdkYudkoufom
apawmfrl\}} (2aum 7;6) [laompum;wGifyg&Sdonf/ þtcsufudk
owdûyyg/ ]]bk&m;ocif\ESpfodrfhjcif;onf aygvkxHodkY ol\udk,fydkif
qkawmif;jcif;ESihf ocifbk&m;tay:apmihfarQmfjcif;rSrvmbJ? rdwfaqG\
tazmfûyjcif;ESihf ol,laqmifvmonfh aumif;aomowif;wdkYtm;jzihf
vmonf/
]]tcsif;csif;0efulxrf;ay;jcif;[laom vlom;\cifrif&if;ESD;rI
onf rdrdvlwdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\&nf&G,fcsufwpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpf
onf/}} (John R. W. Stott, The Message of Galatians, p. 158).
rmefrme? &Sufjcif;? ,HkMunfrIr&Sdjcif;? rdrdudk,fudkjynfhpHkonf
[kcHpm;jcif; ponfwdkYwGif rnfonfht&monf olwpfyg;xHtultnD
awmif;cH&ef oifhtm;wm;jrpfoenf;/ tu,fívdktyfcJhaomf? tb,f
aMumihfoif,HkMunfonfhvlwpfa,mufudk&Smum xdkoltm;oifh0efxkyfudk
rrQa0oenf;/
Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 20
c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)
c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)c&pfawmf\w&m; (*vmwd 6;2-5)
aygvkonf 0efxkyfxrf;jcif;ESihfc&pfawmf\w&m;jynfhpHkapjcif;
wdkYudk qufpyfxm;onf/ ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;}} onftb,fenf;/
*vmwd 5;14/ 6;2/ a,m[ef 13;34/ róJ 22;34-40/
aygvktoHk;ûyaom ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;}} [laompum;pkudk
tjcm;rnfonfhusrf;csufwGifrQ rawGU&acs/ odkYaomf tvm;oP²mefwl
pum;toHk;tEIef;udk aygvkonf 1aum 9;21 wGiftoHk;ûyonf/
þpum;pk\wpfrlxl;jcm;rIonf rwljcm;em;onfhteufjyefqdkrItrsKd;rsKd;
udkjzpfaponf/ vlwcsKdUonf þt&mrSm odemawmifwGifay;cJhaom
bk&m;ocif\ynwfw&m;udk tjcm;ynwfw&m;jzpfaom c&pfawmf\
w&m;jzihf tpm;xdk;NyD;jzpfaMumif; oufaotaxmuftxm;jzpfonf[k
rSm;,Gif;pGmjiif;qdkMuonf/ wcsKdUrlum; ynwfw&m;[laompum;vHk;onf
taxGaxG ]]pnf;rsOf;}} udkqdkvdkonf (a&mr 7;21 udkzwfyg) [kqdkum?
olwpfyg;\0efxkyfudkulxrf;jcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf a,½I\pHerlemudk
vdkufavQmufaMumif;qkdvdkonf[k qkdMujyefonf/ 'kwd,teufjyefqdk
rIonf t"dyÜg,fwcsKdU&Sdoa,mif&Sdaomfvnf;? *vmwd 5;14 rStajc
taeESihftvm;wla0g[m&wdkYu ]]c&pfawmf\w&m;udkusihf}} jcif;onf
cspfjcif;arwåmjzihf ynwfawmfq,fyg;udkusihfjcif;udk ñTef;qdkjcif;jzpfaMumif;
jyoonf/ aygvkonf apmapmu ol\Mo0g'pmwGif c&pfawmf
<uvmjcif;ESihftwl ynwfawmfq,fyg;ry,fzsufaMumif; jyoNyD;jzpf
onf/ xdkYtpm;? cspfjcif;arwåmjzihfo½kyfazmfonfh ynwfawmfq,fyg;
onf c&pf,meftoufwmwGif ta&;BuD;onfhu@üqufvuf&Sdaeyg
vdrfhrnf/ þt&mrSm a,½Ionf þavmuwGifomoemûypOf oGefoif
ay;aomt&m\pHerlemjzpfNyD;? rdrd\toufwmwpfavQmufvHk; rdrd\
aojcif;üyifvQif usihfoHk;aomt&mjzpfonf/ olwpfyg;\0efudkulxrf;
ay;jcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf a,½I\ajcawmf&mudkvdkufavQmufaejcif;
omru uREfkyfwdkYonf ynwfw&m;udkvnf;usihfaejcif;jzpfonf/
þusrf;csufrsm;rS tjcm;jyóemrSm *vmwd 6;2 ESihf 6;5 ü
&Sdaom odomxif&Sm;onfhuGJvGJcsufyifjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; þ
jyóemudkwpfpkHwpfOD;onf aygvku rwlnDaomtajctaeESpfcktwGuf
jcm;em;aompum;vHk;rsm;toHk;ûyonfudk em;vnfoabmaygufaomtcg
tvG,fwulajz&Sif;Ekdifonf/ uREfkyfwdkYavhvmcJhouJhodkY tcef;i,f 2
rS ]0ef} (baros) onf c&D;a0;wGifo,f&aom av;vHonfh0efxkyfudk
&nfñTef;onf/ odkYaomf tcef;i,f 5 rS ]0ef} (phortion) rSm
oabFmjzihfwifaomukef? ppfom;\ausmydk;tdwf? (odkYr[kwf) rdcif0rf;Adkuf
üuav;vG,fxm;jcif;udkyif&nfñTef;onf/ pifppftm;jzihf yxr ]0ef}
udk ab;csxm;í&aomfvnf; 'kwd, ]0ef} udkrl xdkodkYvkyfír&yg/
udk,f0efaqmiftrsKd;orD;onf rdrduav;udko,faqmif&ygrnf/
164163
þOyrmutMuHûyouJhodkY vlwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;ulxrf;ay;Ekdifaom
0efxkyfwcsKdU&Sdaomfvnf; uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf tjcm;olrsm;ulrxrf;ay;Ekdif
onfh0efjzpfaom vdyfjymrvHkjcif;? a0'emcHpm;jcif;ESihfaojcif;wdkYvnf;
&Sdaeonf/ þ0efrsm;twGuf bk&m;ocif\tultnDudkom rSDcdktm;xm;
&rnf (róJ 11;28-30)/
wcsKdU0efxkyfrsm;twGuf oifonfwpfyg;olxHrStultnD&&SdEkdif
aepOf? wcsKdUtwGufrl ocifbk&m;udkomrSDcdktm;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/
oifudk,fwkdifrxrf;Ekdifaomt&mrsm;udk ocifbk&m;tm;tyfay;&ef
rnfuJhodkYoif,lEkdifrnfenf;/
Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 21
rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)
rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)rsK d;aphMuJjcif;ESih f&dwfodrf;jcif; (*vmwd 6;6-10)
*vmwd 6;7 wGif ]]rxDrJhjrifûyjcif;}} (mukterizo) [kjyefqdk
aompum;vHk;onf "r®opfusrf;wGif wpfBudrfomay:aomfvnf;? Greek
bmomjzihfjyefqkdaom"r®a[mif;usrf;wGifrl rMumcPyg&Sdonf/ ¤if;onf
]]txifao;ESmacgif;½HIUonf}} [kwdkuf½dkufqdkvdkonf/ "r®a[mif;usrf;
wGif ¤if;onf bk&m;ocif\yka&mzufrsm;udktxiftjrifao;onf[k
&nfñTef;avh&SdNyD; (6&m 36;16/ a,&rd 20;7)? bk&m;ocifudk
ykefuefonfhpdwfaeoabmxm;udk yDyDjyifjyifazmfjy&mwGifyif wpfBudrf
toHk;ûycJhonf (a,Zausv 8;17)/
aygvk\qdkvdk&if;rSm vlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkvspfvsL½IEkdif
onf (odkYr[kwf) olYynwfawmfudkyifqefYusifEkdifonf[líjzpfonf/
odkYaomf olwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudkwpfywf½dkufír&acs/ udk,fawmf
onf aemufqHk;w&m;olBuD;jzpfí aemufqHk;wGif olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\
ûyrlrIrsm;twGuf tzdk;tcudkay;qyf&ygvdrfhrnf/
166165
*vmwd 6;8 udkzwfyg/ þusrf;csufwGifaygvkonf rnfonfh
t&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ or®musrf;pmxJrS ZmwdrsKd;aphESihf0dnmOfrsKd;aphMuJ
olwdkYonf rnfolrsm;jzpfMuoenf;/ (Oyrm? wref 5;1-5/ vkum
22;3/ 'H 1;8/ róJ 4;1 wdkYudkzwfyg/)
rsKd;aphMuJjcif;ESihf&dwfodrf;jcif;taMumif; aygvk\wifpm;rIonf
rxl;jcm;acs/ ¤if;rSm a&S;pum;yHkrsm;pGmüawGU&onfh b0ed,mryifjzpf
onf/ odkYaomfvnf;? ta&;BuD;onfhtcsufrSm vlYZmwdESihf0dnmOftaMumif;
rdrd\,cifoHk;oyfcsufudk rD;armif;xdk;&eftoHk;ûyonfhyHkpHjzpfonf/
James D. G. Dunn urSwfcsufûyonfrSm ]]acwfESihftnDajym&aomf?
uREfkyfwdkYonf vGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fEkdifonf? odkY&mwGif uREfkyfwdkYa&G;cs,f
rI\tusKd;qufudkrl vGyfvyfpGma&G;cs,fír&acs}} (Galatians, p. 330).
uREfkyfwdkYþavmutjypf\tusKd;qufrsm;rS bk&m;ocifonf
uREfkyfwdkYudktjrJwrf;ru,fEkwfaomfvnf;? uREfkyfwdkYûyrdaoma&G;cs,frI
trSm;twGuf pdwfysufjcif;u uREfkyfwdkYudktEdkifr,laptyfay/ bk&m;ocif
onf uREkfyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;udkcGihfvTwfNyD;jzpfí? rdrd\om;orD;rsm;tjzpf
arG;pm;awmfrlNyD;jzpfaomaMumihf uREfkyfwdkYaysmf&TifEkdifonf/ aumif;uif
EkdifiHESifhqdkifaomoD;ESHrsm;tjzpf&dwfodrf;Ekdif&ef ,ckuREfkyfwdkYü&Sdaom
tcGihfta&;rsm;udk&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHum? t&if;tESD;ûyvkyf&ygrnf/
wpfcsdefwnf;wGif *vmwd 6;10 onf c&pf,mefusihf0wfü
OD;wnfcsufESpfck&SdaMumif;udk yHkazmfxm;onf/ yxrrSm vlom;tm;vHk;
tusKH;0ifNyD;? ]vltm;vHk;tay:aumif;wJht&mvkyfMupdkY} [líjzpfum?
tjcm;wpfckrSm wpfOD;csif;tvdkufjzpfNyD;? wdusum? ]txl;ojzihf ,HkMunf
olrsm;rdom;pkESihfywfoufaeolrsm;} jzpfonf/ aygvk\vltm;vHk;ESihf
qdkifaom arwåm&yfcHcsufrSm ae&mwdkif;ü&Sdaomvltm;vHk;onf bk&m;ocif
\yHkoP²mefESihftnDzefqif;cJhjcif;aMumifh udk,fawmf\a½SUwGif wefzdk;
rjzwfEkdifatmiftzdk;wefonf[líjzpfonf/ c&pf,mefwdkYonf þor®m
usrf;pmazmfjycsuf\tajccHtcsuftvufrsm;udk arhavsmhonfhtcsdefwdkif;?
olwdkYonf vlrsKd;cGJjcm;a&;0g'? usm;rcGJjcm;a&;0g'? rsKd;EG,fpkcGJjcm;a&;
0g'? tqifhtwef;cGJjcm;a&;0g' ponfwdkYrSpí tm'HESihf{0tcsdefrSpí
,aeYwdkifatmif vlom;tzGJUtpnf;udk ½kyfysufqif;ysufjzpfaponfh
tjcm;axmifcsDaomwpf,loeftrltusihfwdkY\om;aumiftjzpf ra&Smif
rvGJEkdifbJusa&mufcJh&onf/}} (Timothy George, Galatians, pp. 427,428).
oifonf taumif; (odkYr[kwf) tqdk;rsKd;aphwpfckckMuJaeonf/
rdrdudk,fudkMunfhyg/ rnfuJhodkYaomoD;ESHrsKd;udkoif&dwfodrf;&rnfenf;/
aomMum pufwifbm 22
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmfonf raumif;rIudkMowåyÜpdwf\
xdef;csKyfrIatmufwGif xm;&Sdawmfrlonf/ vlonf rdrdudk,fudk0dnmOf
awmfvTrf;rdk;rI\txufwGifcsD;jr§ifhaomtcg? olonf 'kp½dkuftoD;udk
&dwfodrf;&onf/ xdkodkYaomvltay:wGif 0dnmOfawmfonf em;raxmif
jcif;rsKd;aphudkMuJjcif;rS qGJxm;&efMoZmvTrf;rdk;rIenf;oxufenf;vmonf/
olYtay:ay;aomowday;csufwdkYonfvnf; wefcdk;enf;oxufenf;vm
onf/ olonf bk&m;ociftm;aMumuf&GHUjcif;udk wjznf;jznf;qHk;½HI;
vmonf/ olonf ZmwdyuwdudkMuJaomaMumihf ysufpD;jcif;udk&dwfodrf;
vdrfhrnf/ oludk,fwdkifMuJcJhaomoD;ESHrsm;onf rSnfhvmaeNyDjzpfonf/
olonf bk&m;ocif\oefY&Sif;aomynwfawmfudk rxDrJhjrifûyonf/
ol\tom;ESvHk;onf ausmufESvHk;om;jzpfvmonf/ or®mw&m;udk
twkduftcHûyjcif;onf olYtm;'kp½dkufxJüpGJjrJaponf/ vlwdkYonf raumif;
rIrsKd;aphudkMuJaomaMumihf Oya'rJhjcif;? &mZ0wfrIESihftMurf;zufrIwdkYonf
a&rvTrf;rdk;rDu vlwdkYwGifysHUESHYcJhonf/
]]0dnmOfonf rnfonfhwpfpHkwpf&maMumihf ysufpD;onf[laom
tcsufESihfywfoufí vlwdkif;ynm&Sd&rnf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlom;
rsm;tm; trdefY'D*&DcsrSwfawmfrljcif;aMumihfr[kwfacs/ udk,fawmfonf
vludk0dnmOfa&;t& rsufuef;jzpf&efvkyfaqmifawmfrrlacs/ vlonf
trSefESihftrSm;udkcGJjcm;Ekdif&ef bk&m;ocifonf vHkavmufaomtvif;w&m;
ESihfoufaotaxmuftxm;udk ay;awmfrlonf/ odkYaomf udk,fawmf
onf or®mw&m;udkvufcH&ef vltm;tEdkiftxufûyawmfrrlacs/
udk,fawmfonf olYtm; taumif; (odkYr[kwf) tqdk;a&G;cs,f&ef
vGwfvyfcGihfay;awmfrlonf/ rSefuefaomOD;wnfcsufü rdrdqHk;jzwfcsuf
udkvrf;jy&ef vHkavmufaomtaxmuftxm;udk vlonfjiif;qefNyD;?
raumif;rIudkwpfBudrfa&G;cs,fvQif? olonf 'kwd,tBudrfvkyfaqmif&ef
tqifoifhjzpfaevdrfhrnf/ wwd,tBudrfwGif olonf bk&m;ocifxHrS
omípdwftm;xufoefpGm rdrdudk,fudk½kyfodrf;um? pmwefbufwGif&yfwnf
&efa&G;cs,fvmonf/ þvrf;aMumif;twkdif; olonf raumif;rIü
jrJjrHonfwdkifatmif qufvufoGm;rnfjzpfum? olcspfcifjrwfEdk;aom
vdrfvnfrIudk trSefw&m;uJhodkY,HkMunfvmrnf/ ol\ckcHwdkufcdkufrIonf
¤if;\oD;ESHudkxkwfvkyfcJhNyD/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible
Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1112) .
-0-
167 168
oifcef;pm (14)oifcef;pm (14)oifcef;pm (14)oifcef;pm (14)oifcef;pm (14)
vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif;
pufwifbm 23 - 29pufwifbm 23 - 29pufwifbm 23 - 29pufwifbm 23 - 29pufwifbm 23 - 29
OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif;OykofaeYrGef;vGJykdif; pufwifbm 23pufwifbm 23pufwifbm 23pufwifbm 23pufwifbm 23
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/
zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/zwf&efusrf;csufrsm;/ *vmwd 6;11-18/ a&mr 6;1-6/ 12;1-
8/ 2aum 4;10/ 5;17/ 11;23-29/
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
tvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuftvGwfusrf;csuf
]]]]
]]]]]]igjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmf
igjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfigjzpfvQif? igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmf
rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;
rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;rSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESih f/ xdkvuf0g;
uyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd
uyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&SduyfwdkifawmfrSm þavmuonf ightzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd
\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}
\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}\/ igonfvnf; þavmutzdkY½d kufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&S d\}}
(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/
(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/(*vmwd 6;14)/
*vmwdMo0g'pmudkavhvmjcif;onf tBudwfte,f&SdvSonf/
taMumif;rSm þMo0g'pmudk,füu xl;uJaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ rdrdtm;
ac:awmfrljcif;? rdrda[maomt&monf or®mw&m;jzpfaMumif;udkod&Sd
vsuf (wu,fawmh or®mw&m;onf ocifbk&m;xJrSvmonf[k tBudrf
rsm;pGmolajymouJhodkY)? aygvkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;rSyka&mzufrsm;jzpf
aom a[&Sm,? a,&rd? a[ma&SwdkYuJhodkY pdwfxufoefjyif;jypGmjzihf
Mo0g'pma&;om;cJhonf/ yka&mzufwdkYonf olwdkYtcsdefu bk&m;ocif
\vlrsm;rdrdwdkYtrSm;rSjyefvSnfh&ef toem;cH? awmif;yefouJhodkY aygvk
onf xdkenf;twdkif;yif rdrdtcsdefuvlwdkYudktoem;cHcJhonf/
teD;uyftajctaersm;onf rnfrQyifjcm;em;aeygap? a,&rd
\pum;rsm;onf olYtcsdefuvlwdkYtwGuftoHk;0ifouJhodkY *vmwd
vlwdkYtwGufvnf; usihfoHk;Ekdifonf/ ]]xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrlonfum;?
ynm&Sdaomolonf rdrdynmür0g<um;apESihf/ cGeftm;BuD;aomolonf
rdrdcGeftm;ür0g<um;apESifh? Opöm&wwfaomolonf rdrdOpömür0g<um;
apESihf/ 0g<um;aomolrnfonfum;? igonf ajrBuD;ay:rSmcspfoem;
jcif;? w&m;ojzihfpD&ifjcif;? ajzmihfrwfjcif;udkûyaom xm0&bk&m;jzpf
aMumif;wnf;[laom ighoabmudkodem;vnfjcif;üom0g<um;ap/ igonf
xdkt&mwdkYüarGUavsmfonf[k xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrl\}} (a,&rd 9;23?24)/
*vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom rdrd\rSm;aeaomodk;pkxHodkY aygvka&;aom
Mo0g'pm\A[dkjzpfaom c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfa½SUwGif vlom;
\*kPfjzpfaomynm? uREfkyfwdkY\pnf;pdrfOpömESihf uREfkyfwdkY\cGeftm;wdkY
onf tcsnf;EDS;jzpfum tv[ójzpfMuonf/
we*FaEG pufwifbm 24 pufwifbm 24 pufwifbm 24 pufwifbm 24 pufwifbm 24
aygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvuf
aygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvufaygvk\udk,fyd ki fvuf
*vmwd 6;11-18 rS aygvk\tydwf&nfñTef;ajymqdkaom
t&mESihf ol\tjcm;Mo0g'pmrsm;rS aemufqHk;ajymMum;csufrsm;udkEdIif;,SOf
yg/ *vmwdMo0g'pm\tqHk;owfonf tjcm;pmapmiftqHk;rsm;ESihf
rnfonfhenf;tm;jzihfwlnDrIESihfjcm;em;rI&Sdoenf;/ (a&mr? yESihf'kaum&defok?
{zuf? zdvdyÜd? aumavmoJ? yESifh'koufomavmedwfwdkY\aemufqHk;
&nfñTef;ajymqdkcsufwdkYudkavhvmyg/)
aygvk\tydwfrSwfcsufrsm;onf tjrJwrf;wpfxyfwnf;r&Sd
acs/ odkYaomf wlnDonfht&mrsm;pGm&Sdonf/ (1) owfowfrSwfrSwf
vlwcsKdUudkEIwfqufpum;qdkjcif;? (2) aemufqHk;wdkufwGef;tm;ay;jcif;?
(3) udk,fwkdifudk,fusvufrSwfxkd;jcif;ESihf (4) tydwfaumif;csD;ay;jcif;
wdkYyg0ifonf/ þyHkpHt*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf*vmwdMo0g'pmrS aygvk\aemufqHk;
169 170
172171
rSwfcsufrsm;udkEdIif;,SOfaomtcg? ta&;ygaomjcm;em;csufESpfckay:
vmonf/
yxrrSm aygvk\tjcm;Mo0g'pmuJhodkYr[kwfbJ *vmwd
Mo0g'pmwGif udk,fa&;udk,fwmEIwfqufpum;rygacs/ tb,faMumihf
enf;/ Mo0g'pm\tpwGif tpOftvmaus;Zl;wifjcif;ryg&Sdjcif;onf
aygvkESihf*vmwdvlwdkYtMum;qufqHa&;ü tufaMumif;&SdaeaMumif;
xyfíjyoonfht&mjzpfEkdifayonf/ aygvkonf ,Ofaus;onf? odkYaomf
yHkpHwus&Sdonf/
'kwd,rSm pmul;ay;oltm; rdrd\pmudkEIwfwdkufcsay;jcif;rSm
aygvk\xHk;pHjzpfaMumif; (a&mr 16;22) uREfkyfwdkYowd&&rnf/ xdkaemuf
NyD;qHk;aomtcg? aygvkonf azmifwdefudkrdrdudk,fwdkifudkifí pmudktqHk;
owf&ef rdrdvufjzihfpmtenf;i,frMumcPa&;wwfonf (1aum
16;21)/ odkYaomfvnf; *vmwdMo0g'pmwGifrl aygvkonf rdrd\
usihfpOfrSvrf;aMumif;ajymif;oGm;onf/ olonf pmul;ay;olxHrSazmifwdef
udk,lcsdefwGif aygvkonf *vmwdûrdUutajctaeudk vGefpGmpdwfpGJae
ao;aomaMumihf EIwfqufpum;a&;rnfhtpm; pmudkqufa&;aecJhrdonf/
rdrdwdkY\rdkufrJaomvrf;rsm;rSjyefvSnfh&ef *vmwdvlwdkYtm; aemufwpfzef
rawmif;yefrcsif; a&;aeaomazmifwdefudk vufrSrcsEkdifjzpfaecJhonf/
*vmwd 6;11 wGif aygvkonf pmudkpmvHk;BuD;jzihfa&;om;
aMumif; tav;ay;ajymqdkonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkonfudk uREfkyfwdkYrod
acs/ aygvkonf pmvHk;\t&G,ftpm;udk &nfñTef;ajymqdkjcif;r[kwfbJ?
pmvHk;rsm;yHkyef;rusjzpfonfudk &nfñTef;onf[k wcsKdUurSef;qMuonf/
aygvk\vufwdkYonf n§Of;qJcH&jcif;aMumihfroefrpGrf;jzpfonf[lívnf;
aumif; (odkYr[kwf) &GufzsifwJrsm;ûyvkyf&mrS tom;rmtzkrsm;aMumihf
rdrd\pmrsm;udk wdwdususa&;Edkifjcif;r&Sd[k olwdkYtMuHûyMuonf/ wcsKdU
uvnf; ol\rSwfcsufonf olYrsufpdtm;enf;jcif;\taxmuftxm;
jzpfonf[k,HkMunfMuonf/ þ½IaxmihfESpfckonfjzpfEkdifaomfvnf;?
uREfkyfwdkYonf ta&;BuD;aompum;vHk; (odkYr[kwf) t,ltqwpfckudk
tav;ay;&mwGif ¤if;udkrsOf;om;jcif;? pmvHk; (tu©&m) apmif;jcif;?
(odkYr[kwf) (t*Fvdyfvdk) pmvHk;BuD;rsm;jzihfa&;jcif; ponfwdkYjzihfûywwf
onfenf;wl aygvkonf rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udkxif&Sm;ap&efESihftom;ay;
&ef &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&SdpmvHk;tBuD;BuD;jzihfa&;jcif;jzpfEkdifonf/
rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumihfyifjzpfap? aygvkonf rdrd\owday;
csufrsm;udk olYpmzwfy&dowfwdkYonf owdûyMu&eftrSefyiftvdk&Sdonf/
wevFm pufwifbm 25
taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;
taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;taoG;tqif;ud k0g<um;jcif;
*vmwd 6;12?13 udkzwfyg/ aygvkonf þusrf;csufwGif
rnfonfht&majymoenf;/
rdrdudkqefYusifolwdkY\vkyfief;pOfESihf olwdkY\wuf<urItaMumif;
aygvkonf ,cifut&dyft>rufay;cJhaomfvnf; (*vmwd 1;7/ 4;17
udkzwfyg)? *vmwd 6;12?13 rS ol\ajymqdkcsufonf rdrdudkqefYusif
olwdkYtaMumif; yxrtBudrf&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;rSwfcsufûyjcif;jzpfonf/
olonfolwdkYtm; ]]rdrdwdkYtaoG;tqif;wifhw,fapcsifaomol}} rsm;[k
azmfjycJhonf/ ]]wifhw,fapaom}} [laompum;pkonf Greek pum;
ü ]]aumif;aomrsufESmzHk;}} pGyfonf[kwdkuf½dkuft"dyÜg,f&onf/ trSef
rSm? ]]rsufESm}} [laompum;vHk;onf Greek vdko½kyfaqmifol\rsufESmzHk;
ESihftwlwlyifjzpfum? NyD;aemuf þpum;vHk;udk rif;om;\Zmwf0ifcef;
udk&nfñTef;&mwGif wifpm;aomtm;jzihftoHk;ûyonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf
þvlwdkYonf y&dowftêudufo½kyfaqmifaomrif;om;rsm;uJhodkYjzpf
onf[k aygvkajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ *kPfodu©mESihft&Sufw&m;tay:
tajcûyaom,Ofaus;rIwGif nDñGwfjcif;onfta&;ygNyD;? rSm;,Gif;aom
174173
t&mrsm;udkoGefoifay;aomolwdkYonf *vmwdûrdUü&Sdaom a&mif;&if;
,k'vlrsm;ESihf a,½k&SvifûrdUü&Sdaomtjcm;c&pf,mefrsm;a½SUwGif olwdkY\
*kPfodu©mudkjr§ifhwif&efêud;pm;aeMu[ef&Sdonf/
olwdkYudkaphaqmfaomt&m? ta&;BuD;aomtcsufwpfckudk aygvk
wifjyonf/ ¤if;rSm n§Of;qJjcif;udka&SmifcsifMujcif;jzpfonf/ n§Of;qJ
jcif;wGif omíxif&Sm;aomudk,fum,rawmfrw&m;ûyjcif;yHkpHrsKd;yg0if
EkdifaMumif; trSefwu,fem;vnf&aomfvnf;? ¤if;onf omí ]]El;nHh}}
onfhyHkpHjzpfaom taESmihft,Sufay;jcif;ESihfcsefvSyfxm;jcif;wdkYyifjzpfEkdif
onf/ aygvkESihftjcm;t,loD;aombmoma&;pdwfxufoefolwdkYonf
,k'jynfwGif yxrn§Of;qJjcif;yHkpHudkvkyfaqmifcJhMuNyD; (*vmwd 1;13)?
odkYaomfvnf; 'kwd,wpfckonfvnf; c&pf,mefwdkYtay:wGiftusKd;
oufa&mufrI&Sdonf/
,k'bmoma&;acgif;aqmifwdkYonf u@rsm;pGmwGifodomxif&Sm;
onfh EkdifiHa&;vTrf;rdk;rI&SdaeMuao;onf/ olwdkYü a&mrtpdk;&\w&m;0if
cGihfûyrdefY&SdMuonf/ xdkaMumihf rsm;pGmaom,k',HkMunfolwdkYonf olwdkYESihf
aumif;aomqufqHa&;udkxdef;odrf;&ef pdwftm;xufoefMuonf/ wpfyg;
trsKd;om;wdkYtm; ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfarma&Sûypkaomusrf;ig;usrf;udk
apmihfa&Smuf&ef oifay;jcif;wdkYjzihf *vmwdûrdUü&SdaomjyóemzefwD;ol
wdkYonf a'ocH,k'vlwdkYESihfoabmxm;jcif;wdkufqdkifrIudk &SmMuHEkdifonf/
xdkodkYûyjcif;jzihf olwdkYonf w&m;Z&yfrª;rsm;ESihf&if;ESD;aomqufqHa&;udk
xdef;odrf;cGihf&&SdMurnfomru? wpfyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tMum; omoem
vkyfief;udkoHo,0ifaeMuaom a,½k&SvifûrdUrS,HkMunfol,k'udk (wref
21;20?21) ESihf rdrdwdkY\wGJvufudk omícdkifjrJapEdkifMurnfjzpfonf/
tjcm;wpfzufrSm olwdkY\aqmif&GufrIrsm;onf ,k'vlwdkYxH rdrdwdkY\
oufaocHcsufudkvnf; omíxda&mufrI&SdapEkdifrnfrSm {uefrvGJ
jzpfonf/
aygvkpdwfxJü rnfonfhtajctaeyif&Sdapumrl ol\qdkvdk&if;
rSm&Sif;aeayonf/ ]]a,½Ic&pf\w&m;awmfESifhtnD bk&m;0wfüarGUavsmf
íaejcif;iSm tvdk&Sdaomoltaygif;wdkYonf n§Of;qJjcif;udkcH&Muvdrfh
rnf}} (2wd 3;12)/
þvlwdkYonf rSm;,Gif;aomt&moGefoif&jcif;\taMumif;&if;
udkpOf;pm;yg/ t&mtm;vHk;udkpOf;pm;cJhNyD;qdkonfrSm tvGefusKd;aMumif;
oifhavsmfygonf/ þtcsufu ]]taumif;qHk;}} aom&nf&G,fcsufyif
vQif uREfkyfwdkYowdrxm;&SdcJhaomf vrf;aMumif;aoGznfoGm;EkdifaMumif;
rnfodkYjyooenf;/ rSefuefaom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdygvsuf trSm;vkyfrdaom
aemufqHk;tcsdefonf tb,fenf;/
t*Fg pufwifbm 26
vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)
vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)vuf0g;uyfwkdifü0g<um;jcif; (*vmwd 6;14)
]]igjzpfvQif igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifawmfrSwpfyg;
tb,ft&mürQ0g<um;jcif;r&SdygapESifh/ xdkvuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfrSm þ
avmuonf ightzdkY½dkufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd\/ igonfvnf; þavmu
tzdkY½kdufxm;jcif;udkcHvsuf&Sd\}} (*vmwd 6;14)/
ta&zsm;vDS;jcif;udkwpdkufrwfrwfawmif;qdk&ef vIHYaqmfaom
&nf&G,fcsufrsm;udkazmfxkwfNyD;aemuf? aygvkonf rdrd\{0Ha*vdw&m;
udktusOf;csKH;um *vmwdvlwdkYtm;aemufqHk;wifjyonf/ aygvktwGuf
{0Ha*vdw&m;onf tajccH,HkMunfouf0ifrIESpfckay:wGif tajccHxm;
onf/ (1) vuf0g;uyfwdkifawmfonf t"duA[dkr@dKifjzpfjcif;
(tcef;i,f 14) ESihf (2) ajzmihfrwfjcif;,HkMunfcsuf (tcef;i,f 15)
wdkYjzpfMuonf/ ,aeYoifcef;pmwGif yxr,kHMunfouf0ifrIudkavhvm
Muygrnf/
176175
ESpfq,fhwpf&mpkwGifaexdkifoltaejzihf uyfwkdifawmftaMumif;
aygvk\ajymqdkcsuf (*vmwd 6;14) rlvt"dyÜg,f\wkefvIyfzG,fudk
em;vnfoabmayguf&efcufcJonf/ ,aeYc&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdif
onf vltrsm;pktwGuf aumif;aomcHpm;rIudkjzpfay:apaom awGUae
usvltrsm;jrwfEdk;aomtrSwfvu©Pmjzpfonf/ odkYaomfjim;vnf; aygvk
tcsdefwGif vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf 0g<um;p&mr[kwfcJhbJ txifao;p&m
jzpfcJhonf/ ,k'vlwdkYonf ar&Sd,uyfwkdifwifowfcH&onf[laom
oabmw&m;udk apmfum;ykwfcwfrItjzpf½IjrifNyD;? a&mrvlwdkYonf
uyfwkdifwiftowfcH&jcif;udk tvGefpufqkyf&GH&SmzG,ftjzpf½Ijrifum a&mr
EdkifiHom;wpfa,muftwGuf oifhavsmfonfhtjypf'PfyHkpHtjzpfrsKd;yif
razmfjyMuacs/
a&S;tcgu c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifudktxiftjrifao;
aMumif;? tapmqHk;uyfwkdifwifowfonfhyHkudk rSwfwrf;wif&mwGif
&Sif;vif;pGmjrifawGUEkdifonf/ 'kwd,&mpktapmydkif;wGif jrnf;acgif;ESihfvl
wpfa,muf uyfwkdifwifowfonfhyHkudk a&S;eH&Hyef;csDjzihfa&;qGJxm;onf/
vuf0g;uyfwdkifatmufwGifuyfvsuf vlwpfa,mufonfvufajr§mufNyD;
udk;uG,f&Sdcdk;onfhyHka&;qGJum? ]]tvufZEm;onf rdrd\bk&m;udkudk;uG,f
&Sdcdk;onf}} [lí urÜnf;xdk;xm;onf/ qdkvdk&if;rSm&Sif;aeayonf/
c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifudk avSmifajymifoa&mfonf[krSwf,lEkdifonf/
þuJhodkYaomtajctaetcsdefcgrsKd;wGif aygvkonf c&pfawmf\vuf0g;
uyfwkdifrSwpfyg; tb,ft&mürQr0g<um;EkdifaMumif; &J&J&ifh&ifhaMunm
cJhonf/
aygvk\þavmuESihfqufqHrIwGif c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdif
onf rnfonfhjcm;em;rIudkazmfaqmifay;oenf;/ *vmwd 6;14/ a&mr
6;1-6/ 12;1-8/ zdvdyÜd 3;8/
c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifonf ,HkMunfolrsm;twGuf t&m&m
udkajymif;vJay;onf/ ¤if;onf uREfkyfwdkYrdrdwdkYudk,fudk½IjrifyHkudkomru
uREfkyfwdkYþavmuESifhqufqHyHkudkvnf; jyefvnfqef;ppf&ef tuJprf;
aeonf/ þvuf&Sdqdk;,kwfaomacwfESihf ¤if;üyg0ifonfht&mtm;vHk;
&Sdaeaom þavmuBuD; (1a,m 2;16) onf bk&m;ocifudkqefYusif
aeonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfESihftwlaoNyD;jzpfaomaMumihf þ
avmuonf wpfcsdefu uREfkyfwdkYtay:uRefûyonfhwefcdk;r&SdawmhbJ?
uREfkyfwdkYonf wpfcsdefu þavmutwGuftouf&SifcJhaom b0a[mif;
onfvnf; r&SdawmhNyD/ aygvk\EdIif;,SOfqifjcifrIudk,loHk;&aomf?
,HkMunfolESifhþavmutMum;uGJoGm;jcif;onf ¤if;wdkYonf tcsif;csif;
twGufaoay;&ouJhodkYjzpf&ygrnf/
oif\þavmuESihfqufqHa&;udk tusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdap&ef
c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwdkifonf rnfonfht&mudkvkyfaqmifcJhoenf;/
oifhtoufwmwGif rnfonfhjcm;em;rIudkûyvkyfoenf;/ oifhtwGuf
taocHaomocifbk&m;xH rdrdudk,fudkray;tyfrDESihf ,cktouf&SifyHk
onf rnfuJhodkYjcm;em;rI&Sdoenf;/
Ak'¨[l; pufwifbm 27
vlopfvlopf
vlopfvlopfvlopf
c&pf,meftoufwmtwGuf c&pfawmf\vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf
A[dkr@dKifjzpfaMumif;tav;ay;NyD;aemuf? aygvkonf ,ckwGifrdrd
{0Ha*vdowif;\'kwd,tajccH,HkMunfouf0ifrIjzpfaom ,HkMunfjcif;
tm;jzihf ajzmihfrwfjcif;udktav;ay;ajymqdkvmonf/
þoHk;vywfvHk;avhvmcJhNyD;onfhtwkdif;? {0Ha*vdw&m;udk
qefYusifaeonfh ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;udkuavmfxkwfaeonf/ odkYaomf
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;oufoufudkrl olqefYusifaeonfr[kwfacs/ aygvkonf
177 178
F- 12
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;ESihfywfoufí jyif;xefaomxkwfjyefcsufwcsKdUudkûyvkyf
cJhonf (*vmwd 5;2-4 udkzwfyg)/ odkYaomf ta&zsm;rvDS;jcif;onf
ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;xuf bk&m;ocifudkomíauseyfaponf[laom
aumufcsufrsKd; *vmwdvlwdkYcsrSwfrnfudk olrvdkvm;acs/ þt&mrSm
ol\qdkvdk&if;r[kwfacs/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf wpfpHkwpfOD;onf
ynwfw&m;udkomt"duxm;oljzpfEkdifouJhodkY tjcm;wpfOD;onf xdkodkY
r[kwfbJvnf;jzpfEkdifonf/ 0dnmOfa&;t&ajym&vQif ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;
jyóemoufoufonf wpfpHkwpfckESihfqufpyfrIr&Sdacs/ ppfrSefaom
bmoma&;onf tjyifyef;tûytrlütjrpfrpGJbJ vlom;\pdwfESvHk;\
tajctaeüomtjrpfpGJonf/ a,½Iudk,fawmfwkdif rdefYawmfrlouJhodkY
vlwpfOD;onf tjyifyef;tm;jzihf tvGefMunfhaumif;Ekdifaomfvnf;
txJwGifrl 0dnmOfa&;t&ykyfaqG;aeEdkifonf (róJ 23;27)/
vlopfonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkoenf;/ *vmwd 6;15/
2aum 5;17/ vlopfb0udk oifudk,fwkdifrnfuJhodkYawGUêuHcHpm;oenf;/
Greek pum;vHk; Ktisis udk ]]owå0g}} [kbmomjyefqdkxm;
onf/ ¤if;onf ]]cyforf;aomt&m}} (a[jAJ 4;13) wpfckcsif;pD
(odkYr[kwf) ]]avmuwpfEdkifiHvHk;}} (a&mr 8;22) udk&nfñTef;Ekdifonf/
þtcsufESpfckpvHk;wGif xdkpum;vHk;onf zefqif;&Sif\vkyfaqmifrIudk
qdkvdkonf/ aygvkqdkvdkonfrSm xdkt&myifjzpfonf/ ]]vlopf}} jzpfvm
jcif;rSm ta&zsm;vSD;jcif; (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;t&mwpfckck? vlom;\
rnfonfhtm;xkwfrIrQtm;jzihf &&SdEkdifjcif;r[kwfacs/ a,½Ionf þ
vkyfief;jzpfpOfudk ]]topfarG;zGm;jcif;}} (a,m[ef 3;5-8) [k&nfñTef;
rdefYawmfrlonf/ þvkyfief;jzpfpOfrSm bk&m;ocifonf 0dnmOfa&;ü
aoaomoludk,lum olYtxJü0dnmOfa&;toufudkrIwfoGif;aom
bk&m;ocif\vkyfaqmifrIjzpfonf/ ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzihf u,fwifjcif;
tjzpf aygvkazmfjyaeusu,fwifaomvkyfaqmifrIudkazmfjy&ef tjcm;
Oyrmwpfckyifjzpfonf/
aygvkonf þvlopftawGUtêuHudk 2aum 5;17 wGif
omíus,fus,fjyefYjyefYxkwfazmfajymqdkonf/ þusrf;csufwGif vlopf
jzpfvmjcif;onf aumif;uifpmapmifwGif uREfkyfwdkY\tqifhtwef;
ajymif;vJoGm;onfxuf omvGefíqdkvdkaMumif; aygvk&Sif;jyonf/
vlopfb0onf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkY\toufwmwGif ajymif;vJrIudk,laqmif
vmonf/ Timothy George rSwfcsufûyouJhodkY vlopfb0wGif ]]aemifw
w&m;ESihf,HkMunfjcif;odkYydkYaqmifay;aom oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\
tiftm;jyefvnfjynfh0aponfhvkyfief;? t&Sufw&m;&&Sdjcif;ESihf aeYpOf
jzpfpOf? tqHk;wGif c&pfawmf\yHkoP²mefESihfudkufnD&ef ydkYaqmifay;aom
oefY&Sif;jcif;üqufvufBuD;xGm;jcif; ponfhajymif;vJjcif;jzpfpOfwpfckvHk;
yg0ifonf/}} (Galatians, p. 438).
odkY&mwGif vlopfjzpfvmjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYtm; ajzmihfrwfap
aomt&mr[kwfacs/ xdkYtpm;? þvHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;ajymif;vJjcif;onf
ajzmihfrwf&modkYa&mufjcif;qdkonfrSm rnfonfht&mjzpfonfudk rrSm;
Edkifaomo½kyfazmfudk,fxifjyjcif;yifjzpfonf/
Mumoyaw; pufwifbm 28
aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)
aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)aemufqHk;rSwfcsuf (*vmwd 6;16-18)
]]þenf;Oya'twkdif;usihfol}} (*vmwd 6;16) wdkYtay:
rdrd\aumif;csD;tyfESif;aMumif; aygvkajymonf/ þusrf;csufwGif
aygvkonf rnfonfh ]]enf;Oya'}} taMumif;udkajymaeoenf;/
]]enf;Oya'}} [kjyefqdkaompum;vHk;onf yef;&ef (odkYr[kwf)
vuform;wdkYonf wdkif;wm&eftoHk;ûyaomwkwfajzmihf (odkYr[kwf)
opf^oHwdkif[k wdkuf½dkuf&nfñTef;onf/ tqHk;wGif xdkpum;vHk;udk
vlwpfOD;onf t&mwpfckckudkcsifhwGuf&mwGif toHk;ûyonfhpnf;rsOf;rsm;
(odkYr[kwf) pHEIef;rsm;udk&nfñTef;ajymqdk&ef wifpm;aomt"dyÜg,fxGuf
vmonf/ Oyrm? vlwdkYonf "r®opfusrf;pHudkajymqdkaomtcg? olwdkY
onf toif;awmf\,kHMunfcsufESihfusihfpOfESpfckpvHk;udk tqHk;tjzwf
ay;&eftwGuf tcGihftmPm&Sdonf[k½Ijrifaom "r®opfusrf;rSESpfq,fh
ckepfusrf;udk &nfñTef;ajymqdkaeMujcif;jzpfonf/ xdkaMumihf oGefoifrI
wpfckonf þusrf;pmtkyfrsm;üawGU&aomt&mESihfwdkif;wmírudkufnD
vQif? ¤if;udkvufcHír&acs/
rdrdudk,fay:ü aygvkaqmifaom ]]ocifa,½I\'Pfcsuf&m}}
rsm;onftb,fenf;/ xdk'Pfcsufrsm;aMumihf rnfolurQolYudk'ku©
ray;&[ka&;om;&mwGif olonf rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkoenf;/ þ
ar;cGef;udkajz&ef *vmwd 6;14 onf ulnDEkdifygrnfvm;/ *vmwd
6;17/ 2aum 4;10/ 11;23-29/
]]'Pfcsuf&m}} [laompum;vHk;onf Greek pum;vHk;
stigmata rSvmum? ¤if;rSt*Fvdyfpum;vHk; stigma (t&Suf&jcif;)
vnf;qif;oufvmonf/ oufaocHtrSwftom;yHkpHjzihf rdrdwdkYocif
\trSwfoauFwjzihf uREfkyfwdkYudkwHqdyfcwfonfh ûyaeustavhtusihf
(odkYr[kwf) wcsKdUaomya[Vdqefonfhbmoma&;rsm;wGif bmomudkif;½dIif;
rItrSwftom;tjzpf pdwftm;xufoefolwdkYonf rdrdwdkYudk,fudkwHqdyf
cwfonfh tavhtusihfwpfckckudk aygvk&nfñTef;ajymqdk[ef&Sdonf/
rnfonfht&myifjzpfap? ]]ocifa,½I\'Pfcsuf&m}} [kqdk&müaygvk
onf n§Of;qJjcif;ESihfqif;&J'ku©tm;jzihf udk,fawmfudk,fay:üusefcJhaom
trm&Gwfrsm;udk&nfñTef;aMumif; {uefrvGJjzpfonf (2aum 4;10/
11;24-27 udkzwfyg)/ ,ckwGif olYudkqefYusifbufûyolwdkYu ol\
ajymif;vJaomwpfyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf *sL;bmomudkemcHvdkufemaMumif;
oauFwtjzpf ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;trSwftom;udk vufcH&Murnf[k
179 180
twif;tusyfr&ruawmif;qdkMuonf/ odkYaomf aygvku rdrdonf
rnfol\uRefjzpfaMumif;ñTefjyonfhtrSwf&Sdaeum? olYtwGuf c&pfawmf
xuftjcm;rnfolYtay:ürQ opömcH,l&efr&Sdacs/. . . rdrdocif\trI
udkxrf;aqmifpOf &efolrsm;xHrSaygvk&&Sdaomtrm&Gwfrsm;onf c&pfawmf
ürdrd\udk;uG,fqnf;uyfrIudk taumif;qHk;aomEIwfa&;jzihf ajymqdkae
cJhonf/}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible Commentary, vol. 6,
p. 989).
c&pfawmfudk,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf cE¨mudk,f (odkYr[kwf) tjcm;
üoif&&Sdaom ]]'Pfcsuf&m}} onf tb,fenf;/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf
oifh,HkMunfjcif;aMumihf rnfonfht&may;qyfcJhoenf;/
aomMum pufwifbm 29
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/xyfqif havhvm&ef/
]]u&meDukef;rSvuf0g;uyfwdkifonf pdefac:aeNyD;? tqHk;wGif
þavmuESihfqdkifaomwefcdk;? i&JESifhqdkifaomwefcdk;&SdorQwdkYudk ESdrfeif;
vdrfhrnf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifwGif MoZmt&Sdeftm;vHk;A[dkûyNyD;? wpfzef
¤if;rSMoZmt&Sdeftm;vHk;a½SUodkYxGufoGm;Muonf/ ¤if;onf qGJaqmifrI
\tcsuftcsmjzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm ¤if;ay:wGifc&pfawmfonf vlom;
rsKd;EG,ftwGuf rdrdtoufudkay;awmfrlcJhonf/ þ,Zfonf vlom;udk
rdrd\rlvjynfhpHkjcif;jyefvnf&&Sdap&ef&nf&G,fNyD; ylaZmfjcif;jzpfonf/ rSefyg
onf/ xdkxufru? xdk,ZfudkylaZmfjcif;rSm vlom;udkvHk;0ajymif;vJaom
tusihfpm&dwåudkay;NyD;? olYtm;atmifEkdifolru zefwD;ay;&efjzpfonf/
]]c&pfawmf\cGeftm;tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifESifhvlom;\r[m&efol
udkatmifEkdifolwdkYonf aumif;uifEkdifiHwGif b,faomtcgrQrus½HI;aom
aumif;uifwrefrsm;txufwGif &mxl;&&SdMuvdrfhrnf/
181 182
c&pfawmfonf ]]igonfvnf; ajrBuD;ESihfcGmíajr§mufxm;jcif;udk
cH&vQif? vltaygif;wdkYudk ighxHodkYigqGJrnf}} [krdefYawmfrlonf/
rsKd;qufwpfqufNyD;wpfquftm;jzihf 'DtcsdeftwGuf þor®m
w&m;udk vuf&Sdor®mw&m;tjzpfazmfjyonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:u
c&pfawmfonf u½kPmw&m;ESihfor®mw&m;awGUqHkEdkif&efaomfvnf;aumif;?
ajzmihfrwfjcif;ESihfNidrfoufjcif;tcsif;csif;erf;Ekdif&efaomfvnf;aumif; Mum;cH
qufoG,fay;aomoljzpfawmfrlonf/ þt&monf urÇmBuD;udkvnfywf
apaomt&mjzpfonf}} (Ellen G. White Comments, The SDA Bible
Commentary, vol. 6, p. 1113) .
-0-
16 aEG 2&m 21;15
17 vm 2&m 23;16
18 *g 5&m 29;29-30
19 [l; 2&m 24;18
20 aw; 3&m 1;3
21 Mum 3&m 1;5
22 ae 5&m 24;3
23 aEG 5&m 24;10
24 vm 5&m 25;1
25 *g qmvH 73;16?17
26 [l; 5&m 15;22
27 aw; 2&m 23;20
28 Mum 3&m 3;8?9
29 ae oDcsif; 6;13
30 aEG 3&m 7;13?14
31 vm 3&m 10;1
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
Zlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpf
Zlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpfZlvdkifv? 2017 ckESpf
1 ae 2&m 13;1
2 aEG 2&m 13;19
3 vm 2&m 13;3
4 *g 2&m 15;3?4
5 [l; 2&m 15;31
6 aw; 2&m 15;32
7 Mum 2&m 16;1
8 ae 2&m 16;5?6
9 aEG 2&m 17;27-29
10 vm 2&m 18;19
11 *g 2&m 15;21
12 [l; 3&m 2;5
13 aw; 2&m 19;13
14 Mum 2&m 20;1
15 ae 2&m 21;1
-0-
16 ae 6&m 24;14
17 aEG 6&m 24;8
18 vm 6&m 24;20
19 *g 4&m 13;4
20 [l; 4&m 13;14
21 aw; 6&m 25;2
22 Mum 4&m 14;25
23 ae a,me 1;9
24 aEG a,me 1;16
25 vm a,me 3;6
26 *g 6&m 26;5
27 [l; tmrkwf 7;14?15
28 aw; tmrkwf 7;10
29 Mum a[ma&S 1;2
30 ae a[ma&S 1;6?8?9
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
pufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpf
pufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpfpufwifbmv? 2017 ckESpf
1 Mum 4&m 4;39
2 ae 4&m 5;17
3 aEG 4&m 5;3
4 vm 4&m 5;20
5 *g 4&m 6;6
6 [l; 4&m 6;17
7 aw; 4&m 7;2
8 Mum 4&m 7;9
9 ae 4&m 8;12
10 aEG 4&m 8;19
11 vm 4&m 9;6
12 *g 4&m 9;27
13 [l; 4&m 10;15?16
14 aw; 4&m 11;1
15 Mum 4&m 11;2
-0-
183 184
16 [l; 3&m 17;2?3
17 aw; 3&m 21;23
18 Mum 3&m 17;9
19 ae 3&m 18;3?4
20 aEG 3&m 20;23
21 vm 3&m 20;42
22 *g 3&m 21;1
23 [l; 3&m 22;8
24 aw; 6&m 19;9?11
25 Mum 4&m 1;2
26 ae 4&m 1;13
27 aEG 4&m 2;9
28 vm 4&m 2;23
29 *g 4&m 3;18
30 [l; 4&m 4;1
31 aw; 4&m 4;9?10
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
eHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wfeHeuf,H0wf
Mo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpf
Mo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpfMo*kwfv? 2017 ckESpf
1 *g 3&m 11;14
2 [l; 3&m 11;26
3 aw; 3&m 11;29
4 Mum 3&m 12;8
5 ae 3&m 13;1
6 aEG 3&m 14;13
7 vm 3&m 14;25
8 *g 6&m 13;15
9 [l; 6&m 14;2?3
10 aw; 3&m 15;25?26
11 Mum 3&m 16;2
12 ae 3&m 16;8
13 aEG 3&m 16;9
14 vm 3&m 16;23
15 *g 3&m 21;25?26
-0
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