my oral hygiene

ORAL HYGIENE

Sumi Mathew

BSc N, MSc N,

RN,RM

DEFINITION

•Maintaining cleanliness of the oral cavity is known as the oral hygiene.

“The human mouth

is a mirror of

health and disease.”

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•1. Discuss the need for Oral Hygiene .

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•2. Describe the assessment of oral hygiene.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•3. Discuss the various procedure for maintaining oral hygiene.

Signs of these can be seen in the mouth

•Systemic Disease

•Bacterial and Fungal

• Infections

•Nutritional Deficiencies

TERMINOLOGIES

• Dental Caries - Tooth cavities

• Periodontal disease - (gum disease, pyorrhea) is an inflammation of tissues around the teeth.

TERMINOLOGIES

•Plaque - thin film that sticks to teeth. It contains saliva, microbes, and other substances. Plaque causes tooth decay (cavities ).

TERMINOLOGIES

•Tartar - Hardened plaque.

•Flossing - Dental floss is a soft thread used to clean between the teeth. Flossing removes plaque and tartar.

Why do Oral Hygiene?

• MAINTAINS THE HEALTHY STATE OF THE MOUTH

–Cleanses teeth of food particles, plaque, and bacteria

–Massages the gums

Why do oral hygiene?

–Relieves discomfort from unpleasant odors and tastes.

–Refreshes the mouth and gives a sense of well-being and thus can stimulate appetite.

–Reduces the risk for cavities (dental caries) and periodontal disease

Daily Mouth CareBENEFITS to Older Adults

• Minimize medical problems

• Enhance quality of life

• Enhance cooperation

• Enhance nursing care delivery

ASSESSMENT: ORAL HYGIENE

a. Frequency• Depends on the condition of the

patient’s mouth.

• Some patient’s with dry mouth or lips need care every 2 hours.

• Usually done twice a day or after each meal

ASSESSMENT: ORAL HYGIENE

b. Assistance Needed

• Does the patient need assistance to do oral care

• *The nurse can help patients maintain good oral hygiene by:

• 1. Teaching them correct techniques• 2. Actually performing for weakened or disabled • patients

ASSESSMENT: ORAL HYGIENE

c. Abnormalities

• Loose or missing teeth

• Swelling and bleeding of gums

• Unusual mouth odor

• Pain or stinging in mouth structures

BRUSHING• Major concerns are:• Thoroughness in

cleansing• Maintaining the

condition of the oral mucosa.

• Procedure for Conscious Patient:

• Upright position

ARTICLES FOR BRUSHING

• a. Water• b. Toothpaste• c. Sink or small

basin• d. Floss• e. Mouthwash• f. Gloves• g. Towel

PROCEDURE • Remember to:

• Knock before entering the person’s room.

• Address the person by name.

• Introduce yourself by name and title.

Procedure: Assisting with Oral Hygiene

• • 1. Assemble the needed articles.

• 2. Wash your hands and put on gloves.

• 3. Explain to the care recipient what you are going to do.

• 4. Have the care recipient sit up or help him/her to the sink. If they use the sink, omit step 5

Procedure: Assisting with Oral Hygiene

• 5. Spread a towel across the care recipient’s chest.

• 6. Offer the care recipient water to rinse his/her mouth.

• 7. Hold the basin under the care recipient’s chin to spit the water into or have him/her spit into the sink.

Procedure: Assisting with Oral Hygiene

• 8. Put toothpaste on the brush and wet it with water.

• 9. Allow the care recipient to brush own teeth if able. If they cannot, brush using a gentle motion above

the gum line and

going down the teeth.

Procedure: Assisting with Oral Hygiene

• 10. Repeat until you have brushed all the teeth. Include the insides of the teeth and the tongue.

• 11. Offer water to rinse the mouth.

• 12. Offer mouthwash,

if desired.

Procedure: Assisting with Oral Hygiene

• 13. Wipe the care recipient’s mouth and

make comfortable.

• 14. Remove gloves and wash your hands.

• 15. Clean and disinfect the used articles.

• 16. Return equipment.

Oral Hygiene for Dentures

Procedure: Oral Hygiene for Dentures

• A. DENTURE CUP

• B. SMALL BASIN

• C. TISSUES

• D. DENTURE TOOTHPASTE

• E. TOWEL

• F. MOUTHWASH

• G. DENTURE SOLUTION OR

TABLETS

• H. GLOVES

Procedure: Oral Hygiene for Dentures

• 1. Assemble equipment

• 2. Wash your hands and put on gloves.

• 3. Explain to the care recipient what you are

going to do.

• 4. Spread towel across care recipient’s chest.

Procedure: Oral Hygiene for Dentures

• 5. Ask care recipient to remove his/her

dentures. Have tissues in the basin. Assist

care recipient if needed.

• 6. Take dentures to sink, holding them

securely.

• 7. Place washcloth in the sink and add some

water. This will cushion the dentures if they

fall.

Procedure: Oral Hygiene for Dentures

• 8. Clean dentures with toothpaste or denture

cleanser.

• 9. Rinse dentures in cool water.

• 10. Fill denture cup with denture

solution, cool water, or mouthwash and water.

Some people may use cleaning tablets.

Procedure: Oral Hygiene for Dentures

• 11. Place dentures in the cup and cover.

• 12. Help the care recipient to rinse mouth.

• 13. If care recipient wishes, replace the

dentures. Ask if a denture adhesive is used.

• 14. Clean equipment and put away.

• 15. Remove gloves and wash your hands.

DENTURE CARE• Clean dentures as frequently as natural

teeth

• Dentures are the patient’s personal

property and should be handled with

care because they can be easily broken.

DENTURE CARE• Tips to remember:

• Use gauze squares or washcloth to grasp front of dentures to prevent from slipping

• Place wash cloth or paper towel in sink to line it while you are cleaning the dentures

• Work close to the bottom of the sink in case you drop them.

• Use tepid water

DENTURE CARECARE:

• Remove before going to bed – allows gums to rest and prevents buildup of bacteria.

• Store in a labeled container

covered with water or

denture cleaner if available.

Brushing: Unconscious Patient

Safety is of utmost importance

• PREVENT ASPIRATION

1. Positioning—lateral position with head turned to the side or side-lying. Position back of head on a pillow so that the face tips forward and fluid/ secretions will flow out of the mouth, not back into the throat.

2. Place a bulb syringe or suction machine with suction equipment nearby.

Oral Hygiene: Unconscious Patient

• KEEPING THE MOUTH OPEN

1.Never place your hand in the patient’s mouth or open with your fingers. Oral stimulation often causes the biting –down reflex and serious injuries can occur.

1.Use a padded tongue blade to open the patients mouth and separate the upper and lower teeth.

IMPORTANT• Mouth care should be given before

and/or after meals, in the morning and at night before the person goes to sleep. When a person is unconscious, they may need oral care every two hours.

IMPORTANT • Oral care keeps the mouth and

teeth clean and without odors. It prevents cavities, infection, gum disease and bad breath. It is a very important part of care.

IMPORTANT • If you notice any of the things below

during oral care, they must be reported and documented:

• Sores, redness or bleeding in the mouth, on the gums, cheeks or lips

• Pain during mouth care.

IMPORTANT• Coating of the tongue or cheeks

• Broken teeth or dentures

• Bad breath

THANK YOU