muscles of the neck, back, abdomen
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Muscles of the Neck, Back, and Abdomen
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Flexion and extension of the head
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Lateral flexion and rotation:
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Muscles that move the head
Anterior: Rectus capitis anterior
Longus capitis
Scalenes (support and respiration)
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Muscles that move the head
Anterior/Lateral: Sternocleidomastoid
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Sternocleidomastoid
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Sternocleidomastoid:
Origin:
Manubrium (sternum) and clavicle.
Insertion: Mastoid process (temporal bone)
Action(s): Both: flexion of the head and neck
Single: rotation and lateral flexion
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Muscles that move the head
Posterior: Longissimus capitis (part of erector spinae)
Spinalis capitis
Splenius capitis
Semispinalis capitis
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Longissimus capitis
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Longissimus Capitis
Part of the Erector Spinae group
Origin: Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic
vertebrae
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action: Extension of the head at the neck (both)
Lateral flexion and rotation of the head at the neck (one side)
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Spinalis capitis (medial) and Semispinalis capitis (lateral)
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Spinalis capitis
Part of the Erector Spinae group
Origin: Spinous processes of cervical and
thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Occipital bone
Action:
Extension of the head at the neck
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Splenius capitis
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Splenius Capitis
Origin: Spinous process of cervical and thoracic
vertebrae (and ligamentum nuchae)
Insertion: Mastoid process (temporal bone) and occipital
bone
Action: Extension of the head at the neck (both)
Lateral flexion and rotation of the head at the neck (one side)
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Semispinalis capitis
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Semispinalis capitis
Origin:
Transverse processes of C4-T7 vertebrae
Insertion: Occipital bone
Action: Extension of the head at the neck (both)
Rotation of the head at the neck (one side)
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Origins: Longissimus capitis=cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Splenius capitis= cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Spinalis capitis= cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Semispinalis capitis= cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Insertions: Longissimus capitis= mastoid process
Splenius capitis= mastoid process and occipital bone
Spinalis capitis= occipital bone
Semispinalis capitis= occipital bone
Posterior Neck Muscles (that move the head):
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Posterior Neck Muscles (actions)
Actions: Longissimus capitis= extension and
lateral flexion of the head at the neck
Splenius capitis= extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the head at the neck
Spinalis capitis= extension and lateral flexion of the head at the neck
Semispinalis capitis= extension and rotation of the head at the neck
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Muscles of the vertebral column that move the back/torso:
Superficial muscles (Erector Spinae)
Spinalis group (medial): capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Longissimus group (intermediate): capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Iliocostalis group (lateral): cervicis, thoracis, lumborum
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Erector spinae:Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis
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Spinalis group (cervicis and thoracis)
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Longissimus Group ( cervicis and thoracis)
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Iliocostalis cervicis
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Iliocostalis thoracis and lumborum
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Semispinalis cervicis
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Semispinalis Thoracis
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Muscles of the Vertebral column
Deep muscles
Interspinalis
Intertransversales
Multifidus
Rotatores
Semispinalis cervicis and thoracis
Psoas minor
Quadratus lumborum
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Interspinalis
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Intertransversarius
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Rotatores
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Multifidus
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Quadratus Lumborum
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Quadratus Lumborum
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Quadratus Lumborum
Origin: Iliac crest (pelvis)
Insertion: 12th rib
Lumbar vertebrae (transverse processes)
Action: Lateral flexion of the lumbar spine.
Also functions to stabilize the pelvis/lumbar spine
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Muscles of the abdomen
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
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Rectus Abdominis:
Origin: pubis (pubic crest, symphysis pubis)
Insertion: sternum and ribs (xiphoid process, cartilage)
Actions: Both=flexion,
compression
Single= lateral flexion
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Rectus Abdominis:
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External Obliques:
Origin: ribs (lower 8)
Insertion: Iliac crest, pubis, inguinal ligament, linea alba
Actions: Both: flexion
Single: lateral flexion, rotation
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External Oblique
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External oblique
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Internal Obliques:
Origin: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament
Insertion: ribs, linea alba
Actions: Both: flexion
Single: lateral flexion, rotation
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Internal Oblique
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Internal oblique
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Transverse Abdominis:
Origin: Iliac crest,
cartilage of ribs
Insertion: Pubis, linea alba
Action: Compression,
forced expiration
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Transverse Abdominis
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Transverse abdominis
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Muscles of the Thorax:
Used for respiration Scalenes
Anterior, middle, and posterior
Elevates the first two ribs to increase thoracic volume
Intercostals
External intercostals: expand the chest
Internal intercostals: forced expiration
Diaphram
Responsible for most of breathing movements
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Scalenes (muscles in the neck)
Anterior Scalene
Middle Scalene
Posterior Scalene
These assist with respiration (elevates upper ribs).
They also produce lateral flexion and rotation at the cervical spine.
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Anterior Scalene (lateral view)
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Middle Scalene (anterior view)
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Posterior Scalene (lateral view)
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External Intercostals
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Internal intercostals
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Diaphram
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