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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014
Ministry of Transportation
Materials Engineering and Research Office Report
MERO-051
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Publication
Title
MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014
Technical Report Documentation Page
Author(s) Avirup Kar, John A. Blair
Originating Office Soils and Aggregates Section, Materials Engineering and Research Office
Report Number MERO-051; ISBN 978-1-4606-5600-6 (Print); ISBN 978-1-4606-5601-3 (PDF)
Publication Date March 2015
Ministry Contact Soils and Aggregates Section
Materials Engineering and Research Office
Highway Standards Branch
Ministry of Transportation
Room 220, Building C, 1201 Wilson Avenue
Downsview, Ontario, Canada M3M 1J8
Tel: (416) 235-3735; Fax: (416) 235-4101
Abstract This report provides a summary of the compliance of granular aggregates tested with MTO
material specifications for the 2014 construction year. Each of the following granular
aggregate types are summarized in this report: Granular A, Granular B Type I, Granular B
Type II, Granular B Type III, Granular M, Granular O and SSM.
The five Regional Quality Assurance Sections submitted data from contracts that were
active during the 2014 construction season, which is summarized in a series of tables and
graphs. Based on information obtained elsewhere, this represents approximately 60% of the
actual quantities of granular aggregates that MTO used in 2014.
Provincial and regional summaries are included for quantities, the number of lots and
quantities tested, as well as the number of lots and the quantities of material accepted at full
price, accepted with a reduced price and rejected.
Quality assurance acceptance data for approximately 3.945 million tonnes of granular
materials were reported in MTO’s road construction contracts in 2014, of which 9.3% was
produced from material excavated from within the right-of-way and 4.7% from reclaimed
materials. Granular A represented 56.2% of the total granular materials placed by MTO.
Random samples were tested from 2.974 million tonnes, representing 75.4% of the total
quantity of granular aggregates, to determine payment adjustments for quality assurance
purposes during the 2014 construction season. Based on the total granular aggregate
quantity. 95.1%, was accepted at full price.
Key Words
Aggregates, acceptance, granular base, granular subbase, Ontario, price adjustments,
provincial summary, quality assurance.
Distribution Limited distribution to technical audience
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Ministry of Transportation
Materials Engineering and Research Office Report
MERO-051 ISSN 2369-0798 (Print)
ISSN 2369-0801 (Online)
MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014
March 2015
Prepared by:
Avirup Kar and John A. Blair
Soils and Aggregates Section
Materials Engineering and Research Office
Highway Standards Branch
Ministry of Transportation
1201 Wilson Avenue
Downsview, Ontario, Canada M3M 1J8
Published without prejudice as to the
application of the findings. Crown copyright reserved
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Table of Contents
List of Figures .................................................................................................... iii
List of Tables ...................................................................................................... iii
1.0 - Executive Summary .................................................................................... 1
2.0 - Introduction ................................................................................................. 3
3.0 - Background ................................................................................................. 5
4.0 - Quantity Summaries ................................................................................... 7
4.1 - Quantities of Granular Materials by Type in 2014 ...................................... 7
4.2 - Quantities by Material Source .................................................................. 11
4.3 - Reclaimed Materials ................................................................................ 13
4.4 - Acceptance of Granular Aggregates ........................................................ 15
5.0 - Summary ................................................................................................... 23
6.0 - Acknowledgements .................................................................................. 25
7.0 - References ................................................................................................ 27
Appendix A: Sources of Granular Aggregates Used by Each MTO Region
During 2014 .................................................................................. 29
Appendix B: Quantities of Natural Aggregates by Source Used in Granular
Aggregates by Each MTO Region in 2014 ................................. 33
Appendix C: Disposition of QA Lots of Granular Aggregates Tested in Each
MTO Region in 2014 .................................................................... 37
C.1 - Disposition Based On Quantities Within The Lots Tested ....................... 37
C.2 - Disposition Based On Number Of Lots Tested........................................ 41
Appendix D: Lot Summary of Granular Aggregates Tested by Each Region
in 2014 .......................................................................................... 45
Appendix E: Summary of Weighted Average Payment Adjustments for
Quantities Tested and Quantities Placed in 2014 (¢/tonne) ..... 47
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
List of Figures
Figure 1: Total MTO Quantities of Granular Aggregate .................................................... 8
Figure 2: Total Quantities of Granular Aggregates by Region in 2014 ............................. 9
Figure 3: Total Quantities of Each Granular Aggregate by Region in 2014 .................... 10
Figure 4: Total Quantities of Granular Aggregates in 2014 by Source ........................... 12
Figure 5: 2014 Reclaimed Materials in Granular Aggregates ......................................... 13
Figure 6: 2014 Reclaimed Materials in Granular Aggregates By Region ........................ 13
Figure 7: Quantities of Combined RAP and RCM in Granular A ..................................... 14
Figure 8: 2014 Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors ................................... 21
List of Tables
Table 1: Quantity Summary of Granular Aggregates by Region in 2014 ......................... 7
Table 2: 2014 MTO Quantities of Aggregate in Granular from Natural and Reclaimed Materials by Source ....................................................................... 11
Table 3: 2014 MTO Summary and Disposition of Granular Material Lots Tested (all quantities in kilotonnes) ................................................................. 16
Table 4: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot Quantities Tested in 2014 ......................... 18
Table 5: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total Quantities Reported in 2014 .................. 18
Table 6: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot Quantities Tested in 2014 (¢/tonne) ......................... 19
Table 7: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total Quantities reported in 2014 (¢/tonne) ................... 19
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
1.0 - Executive Summary
Each year, the Ministry of Transportation (MTO) uses large quantities of granular aggregates for road
construction purposes. This report is intended to capture the available information on the quantities
and quality of granular materials supplied for road base and subbase, backfill, and other purposes.
Data sheets summarizing the quantity and quality of granular aggregates used in contracts for road
construction during the 2014 construction season were received by the Soils and Aggregates Section of
the Materials Engineering & Research Office at MTO from all five regional Quality Assurance
Sections. Based on information obtained elsewhere, this represents approximately 60% of the actual
quantities of granular aggregates that MTO used in 2014.
Based on the reported data, approximately 3.945 million tonnes of granular aggregates were placed, of
which 74.8% came from commercial sources, 11.1% came from non-commercial sources, 9.3% were
produced from rock that was obtained within the Right-of-Way (ROW), and 4.7% came from
reclaimed materials, predominantly from Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), and Reclaimed
Concrete Material (RCM).
At MTO, granular aggregates are specified according to Ontario Provincial Standard Specification
OPSS.PROV 1010.
Granular A represented 56.2% of the total granular aggregates placed and Granular B (Types I, II and
III) represented 41.8%. Granular O, M and SSM made up the remaining 2.0% of the total used.
Based on the QA acceptance system in place during 2014, approximately 2.974 million tonnes, or
75.4% of the total granular aggregates were sampled and tested for quality assurance purposes. Most
of the tonnage (95.1%) was accepted at full price and 4.9% was accepted with an adjusted price.
However, since only 75.4% of the total materials were actually sampled and tested for quality
assurance purposes, 93.4% of the granular aggregates tested were accepted at full price and 6.6% with
an adjusted price.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
2.0 - Introduction
Each year, MTO uses large quantities of aggregates for the construction, rehabilitation, and
maintenance of provincial highways. These aggregates are continuously sampled and tested to provide
evidence that they meet the physical quality and gradation requirements identified by the specifications
contained within the contract documents for each project. Specifications have been developed to
ensure that the aggregates meet the engineering needs for the intended application and to establish
administrative procedures for acceptance and payment to the contractor.
This report summarizes quantities and the quality assurance acceptance of granular aggregates used in
MTO contracts for road construction purposes during the 2014 construction season. During 2014, the
Soils and Aggregates Section received completed QA Granular Summary Sheets from a total of 124
contracts. Based on information obtained elsewhere, this represents approximately 60% of the actual
quantities of granular aggregates that MTO used in 2014.
For MTO’s purposes, granular aggregates may be defined as unbound aggregates that are used for a
variety of road construction purposes. Within the Highway Standards Branch of MTO, the Soils and
Aggregates Section is responsible for material and construction specifications for Granular A
(pavement base, gravel sheeting, shoulder, and bedding and backfill to sewers, culverts and other
structures), Granular O (permeable pavement base), Granular B, Types I, II, and III (pavement subbase
and backfill), Granular M (shoulder maintenance) and SSM (subgrade).
The summaries are presented as a series of tables and graphs showing the tonnages and the proportions
of those materials accepted at full price, accepted with an adjusted price, or rejected. Although several
tests are used for quality assurance purposes, only the results for gradation and percent crushed
(Granular A only) are presented here. The results of these tests have been found to vary the most and,
as such, have generally been used as the basis for acceptance (and payment adjustments) of granular
aggregate materials.
The main body of this report summarizes the data on a provincial basis with more detailed regional
summaries and data presented in the Appendices.
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3.0 - Background
MTO’s acceptance of granular aggregates is based on test results performed on samples taken from
individual lots of material. The gradation and other quality-related aspects of these materials and the
protocol for establishing the size of each of the lots and how they are accepted is based on Ontario
Provincial Standard Specification (OPSS.PROV) 1010.
An ®Excel-based data-gathering template, entitled “QA Granular Summary Sheet” is currently being
used to capture quantity summaries, details of the lots tested, and the disposition of those lots, i.e.,
whether they were accepted at full price, reduced price, or rejected, for all granular materials used on
the contract.
Contract Administrators are required to fill all of the relevant information into these templates at the
end of each contract or, for carry-over contracts, at the end of each construction season. The
completed templates are then submitted back to the Soils and Aggregates Section through the
appropriate Regional Quality Assurance Offices. The Soils and Aggregates Section then uses a data
collection and calculation system (Global File) to automatically analyze, summarize, and present the
data.
This report summarizes the quantity and quality of the granular aggregates from MTO road
construction contracts during the 2014 construction season based on the summary sheets completed
and received by the Soils and Aggregates Section by March 2nd
, 2015. The summaries are presented as
a series of tables and graphs showing the tonnages of the aggregates that were obtained from
conventional sources (pits and quarries), aggregates processed from material obtained from within the
Right-Of-Way (ROW), reclaimed materials that were used, as well as conformance of the individual
granular types to the acceptance criteria. The main body of this report summarizes the data on a
provincial basis, with more detailed regional summaries and data presented in the Appendices.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
4.0 - Quantity Summaries
Each Granular Summary Sheet included the quantities of each different granular aggregate reported on
each contract on the basis of the production obtained from commercial sources, non-commercial
sources, or aggregates produced from rock materials obtained from within the ROW.
For Granular A, BI, BIII and M, the summaries also included the quantities of Reclaimed Asphalt
Pavement (RAP) and/or Reclaimed Concrete Material (RCM). Although MTO allows other products
such as blast furnace slag, nickel slag, glass, and ceramics to be used as a granular aggregate, there was
no reported use of these other materials during the 2014 construction season.
4.1 - Quantities of Granular Materials by Type in 2014
Table 1 and Figure 1 summarize the total quantities of granular aggregates by type in each MTO
region during the 2014 construction season. A total of 3.945 million tonnes of granular aggregates
were reported on MTO contracts in 2014.
Table 1: Quantity Summary of Granular Aggregates by Region in 2014
Granular
Material/
Type
Kilotonnes
MTO Region MTO
Provincial
Totals Central Eastern Northeastern Northwestern West
Granular A 1028 169 592 123 304 2216
Granular B I 219 5 412 0 220 856
Granular B II 71 137 279 116 2 605
Granular B III 0 85 0 21 83 190
Granular O 0 5 0 2 0 7
Granular M 0 0 0 0 0 0
SSM 0 0.3 71 0 0.3 72
Total (# of
Contracts) 1318 (32) 401 (18) 1355 (38) 262 (14) 609 (22) 3945 (124)
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Figure 1: Total MTO Quantities of Granular Aggregate
Granular A provided the largest quantity, 2.216 million tonnes or 56.2% of the total granular
aggregates. This quantity includes materials coming from all possible sources, including commercial
sources, non-commercial sources, aggregates produced from materials excavated from within the
ROW, and reclaimed materials.
All three types of Granular B (Types I, II, and III) represented 1.651 million tonnes or 41.8% of the
granular materials reported by MTO during 2014. SSM represents approximately 1.8% of the total
granular aggregates (Eastern, Northeastern and West Regions), Granular M represented 0% of the total
granular aggregates and Granular O represented only about 0.2% of the total (Eastern and
Northwestern Regions only).
Figure 2 shows the total quantities of all granular aggregates placed and the proportions used by each
MTO region in 2014
Northeastern Region reported the largest quantity of granular aggregates (1.355 million tonnes or
34.3%), followed by Central (33.4%), West (15.4%), Eastern (10.2%) and Northwestern Region
(6.6%).
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Figure 2: Total Quantities of Granular Aggregates by Region in 2014
Figure 3 shows the quantities and the percentages of each different granular material (excluding
Granular M), broken down on a regional basis. Granular A was used in all five MTO regions with
Central Region placing 46.4% of the total or 1.028 million tonnes.
Four regions (Central, Eastern, Northeastern, and West) used Granular BI with almost half of it in
Northeastern Region (48.2% or 412 kilotonnes) with the remainder split almost evenly between
Central and West Regions. Eastern, Northeastern, and Northwestern Regions used 87.9% or 532
kilotonnes of Granular BII with the remainder split by the other two regions. Granular BIII was used in
three MTO regions (Eastern, Northwestern, and West) with Eastern and West Region with 44.9% and
44.0% of the 190 kilotonnes, respectively.
Granular O was used in two MTO regions, Eastern Region (73.1% or 5 kilotonnes) and Northwestern
Region (26.9% or 2 kilotonnes).
Granular M was not used in any of the MTO regions in 2014. Almost all (99.2% or 71 kilotonnes) of
the 72 kilotonnes of SSM was used in Northeastern Region.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Figure 3: Total Quantities of Each Granular Aggregate by Region in 2014
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
4.2 - Quantities by Material Source
Table 2 summarizes the total quantities of granular material reported in 2014 by each MTO region on
the basis of aggregate source. These include commercial sources (licensed pits and quarries), non-
commercial sources, aggregates produced from rock materials excavated from within the ROW, and
reclaimed materials. In Ontario, non-commercial sources collectively refer to wayside sources, Crown
sources, Letter of Approval sources, and Indian Land sources, as defined under the Aggregate
Resources Act.
The detailed breakdown of these quantities by region and granular aggregate type are summarized in
Appendix A. For the purposes of this report, natural aggregates include aggregates excavated from
pits or produced from blasted rock in quarries or produced from within the right-of-way.
Table 2: 2014 MTO Quantities of Aggregate in Granular from Natural and
Reclaimed Materials by Source
Source
Kilotonnes %
Region Province Natural
Aggregates/
Reclaimed
Materials
Total
Granular
Aggregates C W E NE NW Total
Commercial Source 1156 598 401 717 80 2953 78.6 74.8
Non-commercial Source
1 0 0 263 175 439 11.7 11.1
Material from ROW 0 0 0 360 6 366 9.7 9.3
Total Natural
Aggregate 1157 598 401 1340 262 3758 100.0 95.3
RAP 23 11 0 14 0.4 49 26.2 1.2
RCM 138 0 0 0 0 138 73.8 3.5
Glass/Ceramics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Reclaimed Materials
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Reclaimed
Materials 161 11 0 14 0 187 100 4.7
TOTALS 1318 609 401 1355 262 3945 - 100.0
The majority of the granular aggregates (74.8%) came from commercial sources. A small proportion
of the granular aggregates (9.3%) were also produced from rock excavated within the right-of-way
(ROW). Granular aggregates produced from non-commercial sources represented 11.1% of the total
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
granular aggregates with reclaimed materials making up the remaining 4.7%.
Figure 4 shows the tonnages and the proportions of each granular aggregate type obtained from
commercial sources, non-commercial sources and from rock materials excavated from within the
ROW. Aggregate for Granular A or BII came from all three sources. Granular O was only produced
from commercial sources. Granular BI, BIII and SSM were produced from both commercial and non-
commercial sources.
Bar charts showing the quantities of each granular aggregate type that were produced from each
different source on a regional basis are presented in APPENDIX B.
Figure 4: Total Quantities of Granular Aggregates in 2014 by Source
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
4.3 - Reclaimed Materials
MTO specifications allow the use of reclaimed construction materials and recovered industrial co-
products for use as aggregates in Granular A, BI, BIII, and M.
Figure 5 shows a total of 187 kilotonnes of reclaimed materials used in granular aggregates in 2014.
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Reclaimed Concrete Material (RCM) represents all the
reclaimed materials used in granular aggregates, with RCM representing 73.8%, and RAP 26.2%. .
Blast furnace slag, nickel slag, glass and ceramic material were not reported as being used on MTO
contracts in 2014.
Figure 6 presents the total quantities and proportions of reclaimed material reported by each MTO
region. Central Region reported 86.0% or 161 kilotonnes of the total reclaimed materials in granular
aggregates. Northeastern, Northwestern and West Regions reported the remaining 25 kilotonnes
(14.0%).
Figure 5: 2014 Reclaimed Materials
in Granular Aggregates
Figure 6: 2014 Reclaimed Materials in
Granular Aggregates By
Region
Note: quantities of material reclaimed from in-situ rehabilitation of existing pavements (full depth
reclamation, FDR) and used as aggregate in new granular base are not included in this report.
Materials from the FDR process are not subject to the same quality assurance acceptance processes.
The majority of reclaimed materials (152 kilotonnes or 81.3%) was used as Granular A in 2014. The
remainder was used as Granular B Type I. RAP and/or RCM represented about 6.9% of the Granular
A on MTO contracts in 2014.
Figure 7 contains historical data on the combined quantities of RAP and RCM used in Granular A on
MTO contracts since 2005. The proportion of RAP and RCM in Granular A has ranged from 3.8% to
21.4%, with the average being about 13.4% over those years. Overall, the proportion of RAP and
RCM as Granular A has declined since 2011.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Figure 7: Quantities of Combined RAP and RCM in Granular A
Percentage of RAP and RCM in Granular A
Year Quantities (kilo-tonnes)
% of Granular A Granular A RAP RCM Total
2005 1,943 83 322 404 20.8%
2006 2,882 59 74 133 4.6%
2007 3,343 157 470 627 18.7%
2008 3,662 191 594 785 21.4%
2009 4,237 425 294 719 17.0%
2010 3,266 114 11 125 3.8%
2011 3,431 230 402 632 18.4%
2012 4,213 118 391 509 12.1%
2013 3,338 166 175 341 10.2%
2014 2,216 44 108 152 6.9%
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
4.4 - Acceptance of Granular Aggregates
Acceptance of granular materials on MTO contracts is based on Owner quality assurance sampling and
testing. Granular aggregates used for road base and subbase materials are sampled after placement and
prior to compaction. Granular materials are tested and accepted on the basis of a lot system according to
the following schedule:
i) For quantities of up to 5,000 tonnes delivered to the work (with sampling and testing possibly
waived for less than 1000 tonnes) – one lot.
ii) For quantities of Granular A, O and M greater than 5000 tonnes delivered to the work: 5,000
tonne lots for the first 20,000 tonnes and 10,000 tonne lots thereafter;
iii) For quantities of Granular BI, BII, BIII and SSM greater than 5000 tonnes delivered to the work:
10,000 tonne lots for the first 20,000 tonnes and 20,000 tonne lots thereafter.
Each lot is divided into four equal sublots and a sample is randomly obtained from each sublot for
testing. The mean and range of the percent passing the four sublots on each sieve in a gradation test
(as well as % Crushed Particles for Granular A only) forms the main basis for acceptance of the lot.
Physical property testing (Micro-Deval Abrasion and Unconfined Freeze-Thaw) is also done for
acceptance. However, since the material for these tests is accepted on a pass/fail basis, these tests are
not used for production testing and are not dealt with in this report.
If the mean and range for gradation (and % Crushed Particles for Granular A) within a tested lot is
found to be acceptable, then all of the material within that lot is accepted and is paid for at full price.
However, if the aggregate does not meet these requirements, adjustment points are accrued and the
tested lot is paid for at an adjusted, i.e., reduced, price. Depending upon the particular granular
material involved, when adjustment points exceed a specific value, the lot is deemed rejectable.
Before the lot is given an adjusted price, the Contractor has the option of referee testing by a 3rd
party
with the results being binding on both parties. The results reported to the Soils and Aggregates
Section in the Granular Summary Sheets includes any referee testing that has been conducted.
Table 3 shows a summary of the total quantities of each different granular aggregate placed, the
number of lots and the associated quantities that were tested in 2014, as well as the number of lots, the
associated quantities, and the percentages of the totals that were accepted at full price, accepted with
an adjusted price, or were rejected. The Provincial data is summarized on the basis of all of the QA
Granular Summary Sheets that were received by the Soils and Aggregates Section for construction
work carried out in 2014. Detailed summaries for each of MTO’s five regions are given in
Appendices C and D.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Table 3: 2014 MTO Summary and Disposition of Granular Material Lots Tested
(all quantities in kilotonnes)
Granular
Material/Type O A M B 1 B II B III SSM Totals
Total Quantity Placed
7 2216 0 856 605 190 72 3945
# of Lots Tested 1 254 0 66 46 20 7 394
Total Qty Tested
(% placed)
2
(26.9)
1391
(62.7)
0
(0)
771
(90.1)
567
(93.8)
183
(96.4)
60
(83.4)
2974
(75.4)
# of Lots Accepted at Full Price
(% tested)
1
(100)
224
(88.2)
0
(0)
63
(95.5)
44
(95.7)
17
(85.0)
7
(100)
356
(90.4)
Qty Within Tested Lots Accepted at Full Price
(% tested)
2
(100)
1262
(90.8)
0
(0)
739
(95.8)
547
(96.5)
168
(92.1)
60
(100)
2779
(93.4)
Qty Accepted at Full Price
(% placed)
7.0
(100)
2088
(94.2)
0
(0)
824
(96.3)
585
(96.7)
175
(92.4)
72
(100)
3751
(95.1)
# of Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price
(% tested)
0
(0)
30
(11.8)
0
(0)
3
(4.5)
2
(4.3)
3
(15.0)
0
(0)
38
(9.6)
Qty. Within Tested Lots Accepted at an Adjusted Price
(% tested/% placed)
0
(0/0)
128
(9.2/5.8)
0
(0/0)
32
(4.2/3.7)
20
(3.5/3.3)
14
(7.9/7.6)
0
(0/0)
195
(6.6/4.9)
# of Lots Rejected
(% tested)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
Qty. Rejected
(% tested)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
Table 3 shows a total of 394 lots representing approximately 2.974 million tonnes of granular
aggregates that were tested on MTO contracts in 2014. This represents 75.4% of the total quantity of
granular material reported from 2014 contracts.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Overall, 90.4% of the tested lots were accepted at full price. However, since 24.6% of the total
quantity was accepted at full price without testing, the amount of granular material actually accepted at
full price is 95.1% of the total quantity. The results in Table 3 also indicate that, on average; 6.6% of
the material within the tested lots was accepted with an adjusted price (4.9% based on the total
quantity).
None of the contract summaries that MTO received in 2014 had tested lots that were rejected.
For Granular B (Type I, II and II), between 92.1% and 96.5% of the quantity tested was accepted at
full price (92.4% to 96.7% based on the total quantity). However, only 90.8% of the Granular A tested
(94.2% of the total quantity) was accepted at full price and 128 kilotonnes accepted as price-adjusted
material which represents 5.8% of the total Granular A quantity.
The details of each individual sieve where the adjustment points were accrued on a Provincial basis
are given in Tables 4 and 5 for all seven granular aggregate materials. These tables are based on
weighted averages of the mean, range, and total payment adjustment factors.
For instance, in Table 4, the weighted averages for each sieve were determined by summing up the
adjustment points accrued on that sieve multiplied by the tonnage tested for all contracts using the
same granular material and then dividing that number by the total tonnage tested across the Province.
Table 5 represents similar data but it is weighted on the basis of the total tonnage placed. Figure 8
presents the data from these two tables in bar chart form and graphically shows the sieves where the
payment adjustments were the most prevalent.
Tables 6, 7, and Appendix E are very similar to Tables 4, 5, and Figure 8, respectively, except that the
weighted averages are based on the average payment adjustments in ¢/tonne. In this case, the weighted
averages from Tables 4 and 5 are combined with the following prices for the various granular
aggregate types:
Granular A, O, and M: $16.00 per tonne;
Granular BII: $13.50 per tonne;
Granular BI and BIII: $10.50 per tonne; and
SSM: $8.50 per tonne
The prices given above represent average prices based on contracts constructed over the last three
years and may not necessarily reflect the actual prices paid for these aggregates for the granular
materials for 2014 . As such Tables 6, 7 and Appendix E are shown for demonstration purposes only.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Table 4: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot
Quantities Tested in 2014
Sieve (mm) Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total
150 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
106.0 0.01 0.01 0.02
37.5 0.00 0.00 0.00
26.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
19.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
13.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.03 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.075 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.00 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.12 0.28 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.02 2.19 0.01 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table 4: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot Quantities Tested by MTO in 2014
Granular O Granular A Granular BI Granular BII Granular BIII Granular M SSM
Table 5: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total
Quantities Reported in 2014
Sieve (mm) Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total
150 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
106.0 0.01 0.01 0.02
37.5 0.00 0.00 0.00
26.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
19.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
13.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.075 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.39 0.00 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.08 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.02 2.11 0.01 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table 5: Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total Quantities Placed by MTO in 2014Granular O Granular A Granular BI Granular BII Granular BIII Granular M SSM
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Table 6: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot Quantities Tested
in 2014 (¢/tonne)
Sieve (mm) Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total
150 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00
106.0 0.14 0.14 0.29
37.5 0.00 0.00 0.00
26.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
19.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00
13.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.76 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.89 0.41 2.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.87 0.00 4.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.3 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.96 0.00 2.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.075 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.41 0.03 0.50 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.16 0.00 15.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.60 1.94 4.54 0.03 0.50 0.53 0.14 0.14 0.29 23.02 0.14 23.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table 6: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Lot Quantities Tested by MTO in 2014 (¢/tonne)Granular O Granular A Granular BI Granular BII Granular BIII Granular M SSM
Table 7: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total Quantities
reported in 2014 (¢/tonne)
Sieve (mm) Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total Mean Range Total
150 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00
106.0 0.13 0.13 0.27
37.5 0.00 0.00 0.00
26.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
19.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00
13.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.48 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19 0.25 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.69 0.00 4.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.3 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00 2.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.075 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.26 0.03 0.45 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.61 0.00 14.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.63 1.22 2.85 0.03 0.45 0.48 0.13 0.13 0.27 22.19 0.14 22.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table 7: Weighted Average Payment Reduction For Each Granular Aggregate Based on Total Quantities Placed by MTO in 2014 (¢/tonne)Granular O Granular A Granular BI Granular BII Granular BIII Granular M SSM
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Based on the lots tested, the largest weighted average payment adjustment factor for Granular A was
accrued on the 4.75 mm and 9.5 mm sieves (0.144% and 0.057%/tonne, respectively) while for
Granular BI, all of the adjustment factors were accrued on the 0.075 mm sieve (0.051%/tonne).
Granular BII had all of the adjustment factors accrued on the 106 mm sieve (0.021%/tonne) and a
significant payment adjustment on the 0.075 mm sieve for Granular BIII (1.444%/tonne). There were
no payment adjustments on any of the sieves for Granular O, and SSM.
The overall average number of adjustment points being accrued on granular aggregates that were
tested by MTO represents a total reduced immediate capital expenditure to the ministry of
approximately $111,246 in 2014 (compared with $284,036 in 2013), based on the aggregate prices
assumed in this analyses.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Figure 8: 2014 Weighted Average Payment Adjustment Factors
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
5.0 - Summary
Based on the 124 contract QA Granular Summary Sheets received by the Soils and Aggregates
Section for the 2014 construction season, the following may be summarized:
A total of 3.945 million tonnes of granular aggregates were placed by MTO in 2014.
Of the total granular aggregate quantity, the majority was placed in Northeastern Region and
Central Region (34.3 %, and 33.4 %, respectively).
Approximately 95.3 %, or 3.758 million tonnes, of the granular aggregates were derived from
non-renewable natural resources (surface pits or bedrock quarries) while 4.7 % came from
secondary reclaimed sources (RAP and RCM).
Of the 3.758 million tonnes of granular aggregates from natural sources, 78.6 % came from
commercial sources; 11.7 % came from non-commercial sources and 9.7 % from materials
obtained within the highway right-of-way.
Granular A and B (Types I, II, and III) represented 56.2 % and 41.8 %, respectively, of the
total quantity of granular aggregates reported in 2014.
86.0 % of the reclaimed materials used by MTO as granular aggregates were in Central
Region.
Of the 3.945 million tonnes of total granular aggregate quantity, 2.974 million tonnes (75.4
%), represented by 394 lots, were tested for quality assurance purposes.
95.1 % of the total quantity of granular aggregates was accepted at full price; 4.9% was
accepted with an adjusted price.
Payment adjustments were made to 11.8 % of the quality assurance lots for Granular A and
6.1 % of the lots for Granular B (Types I, II, and III).
Granular A payment adjustments were made for both mean (4.75 mm and 75 µm sieves) and
range (all sieves between 19.0 mm and 4.75 mm).
Granular B Type I adjustments were predominantly for range on the 75 µm sieve.
Granular B Type II adjustments (minor) were made for mean and range (106 mm sieve).
Granular B Type III payment adjustments were for made for range on the 1.18 sieve, 300 µm
sieve, and the 75 µm sieve (significant).
There were no payment adjustments for Granular O, Granular M or SSM.
Payment adjustments amounted to approximately $ 111,000 in 2014 for gradation and
percent crushed particles.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
6.0 - Acknowledgements
The Soils and Aggregates Section would like to acknowledge the Soils and Aggregates Quality
Assurance Officers in each of the five Regional Quality Assurance Sections, who assembled and
provided the QA Granular Summary Sheets and most of the other data that was used for these
analyses.
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
7.0 - References
MTO “Material Specification For Aggregates – Base, Subbase, Select Subgrade, And Backfill
Material”, Ontario Provincial Standard Specification, OPS.PROV, April 2013
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Appendix A: Sources of Granular Aggregates Used by Each MTO Region During 2014
Granular A
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 902 292 169 336 50 1748
Non-Commercial Source 1 0 0 62 67 129
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 180 6 187
Total Natural Aggregate 903 292 169 578 123 2064
RAP 18 11 0 14 0 44
RCM 108 0 0 0 0 108
Glass/Ceramics 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Recycled/Reclaimed Materials 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials 126 11 0 14 0 152
Granular BI
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 184 220 5 311 0 720
Non-Commercial Source 0 0 0 101 0 101
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Natural Aggregate 184 220 5 412 0 821
RAP 5 0 0 0 0 5
RCM 30 0 0 0 0 30
Glass/Ceramics 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Recycled/Reclaimed Material 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials 35 0 0 0 0 35
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Granular BII
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 71 2 137 64 14 287
Non-Commercial Source 0 0 0 35 102 138
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 180 0 180
Total Natural Aggregate 71 2 137 279 116 605
RAP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
RCM N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Glass/Ceramics N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Other Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Granular BIII
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 0 83 85 0 15 184
Non-Commercial Source 0 0 0 0 6 6
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Natural Aggregate 0 83 85 0 21 190
RAP 0 0 0 0 0 0
RCM 0 0 0 0 0 0
Glass/Ceramics 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Recycled/Reclaimed Materials 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials 0 0 0 0 0 0
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Granular O
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 0 0 5 0 2 7
Non-Commercial Source 0 0 0 0 0 0
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Natural Aggregate 0 0 5 0 2 7
RAP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
RCM N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Glass/Ceramics N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Other Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SSM
Source Kilotonnes
Region Provincial
Totals C W E NE NW
Commercial Source 0 0 0 6 0 7
Non-Commercial Source 0 0 0 65 0 65
Material from Right-of-Way 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Natural Aggregate 0 0 0 71 0 72
RAP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
RCM N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Glass/Ceramics N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Total Recycled/Reclaimed Materials N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
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Appendix B: Quantities of Natural Aggregates by Source Used in Granular Aggregates by Each MTO Region in 2014
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Appendix C: Disposition of QA Lots of Granular Aggregates Tested in Each MTO Region in 2014
C.1 - DISPOSITION BASED ON QUANTITIES WITHIN THE LOTS
TESTED
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
C.2 - DISPOSITION BASED ON NUMBER OF LOTS TESTED
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Appendix D: Lot Summary of Granular Aggregates Tested by Each Region in 2014
Granular A
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 61 56 26 84 27 254
Qty Tested (kt) 356 285 147 495 108 1391
Lots Accepted at Full Price 53 50 23 75 23 224
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 315 258 135 461 93 1262
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 8 6 3 9 4 30
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 41 27 12 33 15 128
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Granular BI
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 13 13 1 39 0 66
Qty Tested (kt) 154 220 5 392 0 771
Lots Accepted at Full Price 12 13 1 37 0 63
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 152 220 5 362 0 739
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 1 0 0 2 0 3
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 2 0 0 30 0 32
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Granular BII
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 5 1 9 20 11 46
Qty Tested (kt) 62 2 125 263 115 567
Lots Accepted at Full Price 5 1 9 18 11 44
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 62 2 125 243 115 547
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 0 0 0 2 0 2
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 0 0 0 20 0 20
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Granular BIII
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 0 9 5 0 6 20
Qty Tested (kt) 0 82 80 0 20 183
Lots Accepted at Full Price 0 8 5 0 4 17
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 0 77 80 0 11 168
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 0 1 0 0 2 3
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 0 5 0 0 9 14
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Granular O
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 0 0 0 0 1 1
Qty Tested (kt) 0 0 0 0 2 2
Lots Accepted at Full Price 0 0 0 0 1 1
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 0 0 0 0 2 2
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
SSM
Region C W E NE NW
Provincial
Totals
Lots Tested 0 0 0 7 0 7
Qty Tested (kt) 0 0 0 60 0 60
Lots Accepted at Full Price 0 0 0 7 0 7
Qty Accepted at Full Price (kt) 0 0 0 60 0 60
Lots Accepted at Adjusted Price 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Accepted at Adjusted Price (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lots Rejected 0 0 0 0 0 0
Qty Rejected (kt) 0 0 0 0 0 0
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MTO Granular Aggregates Summary 2014; MERO-051
Appendix E: Summary of Weighted Average Payment Adjustments for Quantities Tested and Quantities Placed in 2014 (¢/tonne)
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