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IMPACT ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS
FOR TRADE DRIVEN
PRODUCTIVE, INCLUSIVE ASIAN
REGIONAL ECONOMIC
INTEGRATION
Approach(es)
Presented by: Hans-Peter Brunner,
Office of Regional Economic Integration (OREI) ADB, Manila
14 August 2014
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[By making any designation of, or reference to, a particular territory or geographic area
in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any
judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.]
HOW ADB CAN HELP
1. Promote regional, evidence-based
dialog
2. Propagate standards and indicators
(e.g. MDGs, IDGs)
3. Promote capacity and commitment to
Information sharing
Modeling and scenario analysis
Impact evaluation
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EMERGING ISSUES AND POSSIBLE
RESPONSE – REGIONAL ECONOMIC
COOPERATION AND INTEGRATION IN ASIA
(NEW 2ND GEN NARRATIVE)
Productivity challenge
Inclusiveness challenge
Volatility challenge (dealing
with imbalances)
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District-level income growth above baseline from full AfT investment package (click to run movie)
INCOME DIFFERENCES (PRODUCTIVITY,
INCLUSIVENESS, DEALING WITH IMBALANCES)
[By making any designation of, or reference to, a particular territory or geographic area
in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any
judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.]
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District-income: Income growth above baseline S1, due to S2 investments (click to run movie)
REGIONALLY DISPARATE EFFECTS
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[By making any designation of, or reference to, a particular territory or geographic area
in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any
judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.]
FORWARD-LOOKING
Observatory
Variables
Scenario-based simulation
Based on drivers and outcomes
Make decision
!
(Fig. 4.2,4.3,4.4,4.5, Brunner and Prasad,2014)
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policy
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EU CLUSTER OBSERVATORY
Hosted and maintained Center for Strategy and
Competitiveness, Sweden
Ivory Tower, Sweden
Orkestra, Spain
2003 introduced from Michael Porter, Harvard
Initiated in Baltic Sea Region (BSR)
Now covers 404 ‘regions’ – fine grained scale of districts
Source: Eurostat
Statistical institutes
View of Baltic Sea Region www.clusterobservatory.eu
www.clustermapping.us
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GENERAL DATA STRUCTURE
Centralized and standardized
Spatial-based data layers
Multi-administrative levels
country to country
• Population
• Employment
• Wage levels
• GDP
• Consumption
• Land use
• Poverty level
• Transport accessibility and
cost
• Product space
• Productivity
• Trade and value added flows
• Sector cluster location
• R&D expenditure
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Population
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ECONOMIC CORRIDORS DATA CASE
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DATA SOURCES AND DATA GAPS
Sources Yearbooks from statistics agencies
Survey reports from institutions JETRO
Databases from international organizations UN COMTRADE
Geocoded project investment data ADB
Gaps Indicator not available for whole country
Indicators not available for smaller administrative units
Indicators not available for certain years
Different definitions
Different currencies
Languages
Cost of databases
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GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION (GMS)
Cambodia Province
China (Guangxi and
Yunnan) Province
Prefecture
County
Lao PDR Province
Myanmar State/Division
Thailand Changwat
Viet Nam District
Province 11 11
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Process map underlying the design
of the impact assessment system.
Targets (measured by indicators)
Examples: Welfare distribution, Competitiveness, Productivity, Cohesion
Drivers (measured by indicators)
Examples: Quality of infrastructure and human capital, degree of competitiveness, heterogeneity of firm-level productivity, connectedness of knowledge networks
Policy Instruments (improve agent incentive/ trust)
Examples: Investments in innovation and cluster infrastructure and skills, harmonization of regulations,
competition policy
GDP P.C. AND HIGH-SKILLED LABOR
Source: OECD (2011), Regions and Innovation Policy 13
SS-RDTA TEAM: RCI KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM
ON ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY -- KEY ACTIVITIES
(i) Review all existing literature and available regional experiences in Asia and Europe to complement existing knowledge;
(ii) Based on a short historical, comparative study on the emergence and evolution of RCI in Asia (focused on ASEAN) and Europe, evaluate how lessons from the buildup of European knowledge platforms to progress RCI-driven structural reforms may be relevant to Asia’s bottom-up process of RCI;
(iii) Review different RCI knowledge platforms and tools in Asia and those in Europe which may be relevant to Asia to develop best practices designed to reap productivity gains in regionally integrated markets through innovation and related skills development, and maximize resultant welfare benefits;
(iv) Based on dialogue with think tanks in the region and EU policy makers, develop benchmark indicators for RCI knowledge platforms to promote trade driven productivity gains, and
(v) Draft a final publication to serve as a background paper for the 2014 pan Asian RCI roundtable conference in November 2014, to be finalized based on consultations by December 2014.
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REGION-CLUSTER -SECTOR
INTEGRATION TOOL
DYNAMIC PART
Application
Indicators
Policy makers as drivers
STATIC PART
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Model
Engine Data
Frame
REGION-CLUSTER -SECTOR
INTEGRATION TOOL
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Application
Indicators
Model
Engine Data
Frame
Open
community
data
Fiat data
User-
volunteered
data Value-added
variables from
indicators
Data from
model
scenarios
Mapping data to
new domains
(e.g., transport
economic)
DYNAMIC
PART
STATIC PART
Policy makers as drivers
COMMUNITY
PART
INDICATOR SETS
Indicators
Equity, regional cohesion
Access
Efficiency
Environmental
Units
Per capita income and jobs distribution; trade cohesion indicators, labor productivity, competitiveness
Multi (modal)Infrastructure, market access indices; distance to market; geographic network indicators (centrality, density, connectivity)
Travel time and cost matrix; OD matrix, logistics indices;
Environmental attractiveness indicators (tourism, agriculture etc.) ; resource and diversity indicators;
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SUGGESTION
Cooperation between ADB and statistics agencies
overcomes information islands
Automated microdata (firm-level) survey system
Push process – Data collection, processing and model
running
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survey
firm survey
app
Processing,
Model running,
Visualization
Observatory
Gov.
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KEY FUNCTION: PROJECT RESULT
MANAGEMENT
• Visualization of project information on maps
• Checking the detail by clicking balloons
• Distributed registration by staff members with user friendly interface
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ADB GIS Platform
Each project officer
(Staff)
registration Browse
Other staffs
*Also good for Resident missions to see ongoing
projects in each country at a glance.
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SUGGESTION (CONT’D)
Automated microdata survey system
Pull process – stakeholders and public can access
reports and model outputs
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firm survey app
report
government
s Maintain
and
Manage
Observatory
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IMPORTANT LINKS
http://www.adb.org/
http://www.clusterobservatory.eu/index.html
http://www.adb.org/publications/economic-
corridor-development-inclusive-asian-regional-
integration-modeling-approach
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