motivation my slide
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8/14/2019 Motivation My Slide
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By:Jyotsnasingh
Content Theories of motivation
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ContentContent
•Definition Of motivationDefinition Of motivation
•Motivation isMotivation is
•Qualities Of MotivationQualities Of Motivation
•Process of motivationProcess of motivation
•Six c’s of motivationSix c’s of motivation
•Basic model of motivationBasic model of motivation
•Theory of motivationTheory of motivation
•Case studCase stud
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Definition of motivation:
* The driving force within individuals by which they
attempt to achieve some goal in order to fulfill some
needs or expectation.
* The degree to which an individual wants to choose
in certain behavior.
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Motivation is…
Complex
Psychological
PhysicalUnique
Context sensitive Not fully understood
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Qualities of Motivation:
Energizes behavior
Directs behavior
Enable persistence towards a
goalExists in varying details
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Motivation as a processMotivation as a process::
It is a process by which a person’s efforts are
energized, directed and sustained towards attaining
the goal.
*Energy- A measure of intensity or drive.
*Direction- Towards organizational goal.*Persistence- Exerting effort to achieve goal
DIRECTION PERSISTENCEENERGY
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Six C’s of Motivation..
Choices
collaboration
Constructing meaningConsequences
Control
Challenges
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Basic model of motivationBasic model of motivation
Needs or
expectations
Result in Drive force
(Behavior or
Action)
To Achieve
Desired Goals
Which Providesfulfillments
Feedback
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Early Theories of Motivation:
Content Theories:Emphasis on what motivates
individuals.
Maslow’s need Hierarchy
Macgregor's Theories X & Y Herzberg’s two factors theory
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Process Theories of Motivation:
Emphasis on actual process of motivation.
Three needs Theory ( McClelland)
Goal-setting Theory
Reinforcement Theory Designing Motivating theory
Equity Theory
Expectancy Theory
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory
Needs were categories as five levels of lower-higher-order
needs.
*Individual must satisfy lower-level needs before they cansatisfy higher order needs.
*Satisfied needs will no longer motivate.
*Motivating a person depends on knowing at what levelthat a person is on the hierarchy.
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HierarchyHierarchy of Needsof Needs
*Lover order ( External ) : Physiological and safety needs*Higher order ( Internal ) : Social, Esteem, and Self-
actualization
Physiological needs
Safety Needs
Social Needs
Esteem Needs
Self-Actualization Needs
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McClelland’s Need Theory: Need
for AchievementNeed for
Achievement
The desire to excel andsucceed
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McClelland’s Need Theory: Need
for Power
Need for Power –
The need to influence the
behavior of others.
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McClelland’s Need Theory: Need
for Affiliation Need for Affiliation –
The desire for interpersonal
relationship
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Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene
TheoryJob satisfaction and job dissatisfaction are created y different
factors.
Hygiene factors- Extrinsic ( Environmental ) factors thatcreate job dissatisfaction.
Motivation Factors- Intrinsic ( Psychological ) factors thatcreate job satisfaction.
Attempted to explain why job satisfaction does not result inincreased performance
The opposite of satisfaction is not dissatisfaction but rather no satisfaction.
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Motivation–Hygiene Theory of
Motivation
Hygiene factors avoid
job dissatisfaction
• Company policy &
administration• Supervision
• Interpersonal relations• Working conditions• Salary• Status• Security
• Achievement• Achievement recognition• Work itself • Responsibility
• Advancement• Growth
• Salary?
Motivation factorsincrease job satisfaction
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Alderfer’s ERG Theory
Physiological
Safety & Security
Love (Social)
Esteem
SA
Existence
Relatedness
Growth
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Self-actualization
Motivational Need Theories
Maslow Alderfer McClelland
Higher
Order Needs
Lower
Order
Needs
Esteem
self interpersonal
Safety & Security
interpersonal
physical
Need for
Achievement
Need for Power
Relatedness Need for
Affiliation
Existence
Growth
Belongingness
(social & love)
Physiological
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Case Study
The manager of A.B.C.Ltd. Realised that the levelof moral and motivation of their employees was
very low and there was dissatisfaction among the
employees. Labour productivity was also found to be very low. After investigating the causes of
dissatisfaction, the managers decided that if
employees were to be motivated, there was a need to
establish and maintain good interpersonal relation,
over and above good salary, job security, proper
working conditions and supervision.
S th t i i ff t t i llS th t i i ff t t i ll
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So they put in sincere efforts to improve allSo they put in sincere efforts to improve allthese factors during one year. Yet,these factors during one year. Yet,surprisingly, they came to know that insurprisingly, they came to know that in
spite of reduction in the degree of spite of reduction in the degree of dissatisfaction, the level of morale anddissatisfaction, the level of morale andmotivation was low and there was nomotivation was low and there was nosignificant increase in their productivity.significant increase in their productivity.
Therefore, the managers are worried.Therefore, the managers are worried.•What managerial problem is involved in the above
case? Suggest solution and make argument to
justify your answer.
Thank you
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