motivation is the key to learning
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Motivation is the Key to LearningBy Mark Stout
Learner MotivationKey components of learner motivation was
developed by John KellerKeller developed a model called ARCSAttentionRelevanceConfidenceSatisfaction
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AttentionThe first and single most important aspect of
the ARCS model is gaining and keeping the learner's attention, which coincides with the first step in Gagne's model. Keller's strategies for attention include sensory stimuli, inquiry arousal (thought provoking questions), and variability (variance in exercises and use of media) (Kruse)
RelevanceEstablish relevance in order to increase a
learner’s motivation. To do this, use concrete language and examples with which the learners are familiar. (ARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller))
ConfidenceLearners will only start to put energy into an
activity if they feel there’s a good chance that this energy will bring reward. They need confidence in your method and in their own ability to take advantage of this. (Clive, 2009)
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SatisfactionAppropriate acknowledgment of instructional
content and developing the desire to continue the pursuit of similar goals. (Motivation Strategies in Online Distance Learning and e-Learning)
Methods for AttentionThe point here is to get attention
Pose a question – Get their minds turning prior to discussion
Tell a story – Attention is focused on the speaker
Participation- Handout an item for students to examine
Methods for RelevanceGoal orientation, which may mean outcome of
learning such as obtaining a job, reward, etc. or may imply the means of learning (BALABAN-SALI, 2008)
Motive Matching, Adapt by using teaching strategies that match the motive profiles of the students. (Rodriguez)
Strategies for ConfidenceObjectives, Provides objectives that are easy
to understand and are attainableFeedback, allows the student a
comprehension of their status of attaining one goal.
SatisfactionLearning Experience must be rewarding for
studentStudent should newly acquired knowledge is
beneficialDon’t make goals to easy
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ReferencesARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller). (n.d.). Retrieved
September 25, 2010, from Learning-Theories.com: http://www.learning-theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-motivational-design.html
Clive. (2009, September 28). Using John Keller’s ARCS model to motivate online learners. Retrieved September 25, 2010, from onlignment.com: http://onlignment.com/2009/09/using-john-kellers-arcs-model-to-motivate-online-learners
BALABAN-SALI, J. (2008, July). DESIGNING MOTIVATIONAL LEARNING SYSTEMS. Retrieved September 25, 2010, from The Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education: http://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde31/articles/article_13.htm
ReferencesKruse, K. (n.d.). The Magic of Learner Motivation: The ARCS
Model. Retrieved September 25, 2010, from e-LearningGuru: http://www.e-learningguru.com/articles/art3_5.htm
Motivation Strategies in Online Distance Learning and e-Learning. (n.d.). Retrieved September 25, 2010, from .about-elearning.com: http://www.about-elearning.com/motivation.html
Rodriguez, S. (n.d.). ARCS Motivation Theory. Retrieved September 25, 2010, from The University of Texas School of Public Health: http://www.sph.uth.tmc.edu/uploadedFiles/Services/OID/a-arcs.pdf
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