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Transcription and TranslationFlip Book
By: Morgan Doverspike
Transcription
Nucleus
Cell
Ribosomes
Transcription takes place inside the cells nucleus.
Nucleus
Transcription takes place inside the cells nucleus.
Nucleus
Transcription takes place inside the cells nucleus.
NucleusDNA
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanine
Inside the nucleus DNA is found in the form of a double helix.
NucleusDNARNA
polymerase
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
mRNA of Strand I
Strand I
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The promoter region signals for the RNA polymerase to start copying the DNA in order to eventually produce proteins.
Promoter region
Coding region
Termination sequence
NucleusDNARNA
polymerase
mRNA of Strand I
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
DNA
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
NucleusDNARNA
polymerase
mRNA of Strand I
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
NucleusDNARNA
polymerase
mRNA of Strand I
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
NucleusDNARNA
polymerase
mRNA of Strand I
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
NucleusDNA RNA
polymerase
mRNA of Strand I
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
NucleusRNA polymerase
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
mRNA of Strand I
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
DNA
NucleusRNA polymerase
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
mRNA of Strand I
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The coding region is what the DNA is copying in order to produce most of the mRNA strand.
Promoter region
Coding region
Strand ITermination sequence
DNA
NucleusDNA
Promoter region
Coding region
Termination sequence
KeyAdenineThymineCytosineGuanineUracil
Strand I
Strand II
The enzyme RNA polymerase is used to read the DNA code or bases and create a complementary mRNA. The termination sequence signals for the RNA polymerase to stop copying the DNA strand into mRNA.
Promoter region
Coding region
Termination sequence
Nucleus
Nuclear pores
mRNA
Ribosome
The mRNA leaves the nucleus through the nuclear pores.
Translation
Nucleus
Nuclear pores
Ribosome
mRNA
The mRNA then begins to bind with a ribosome.
Ribosome
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
The mRNA is bonded with a ribosome and can begin to be decoded by the ribosome, into amino acids.
Ribosome
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
tRNA (anticodon)
Binding sight
The tRNA begins to come down to bring the specific amino acid to the correct codon in mRNA.
Ribosome
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
tRNA (anticodon)
Methionine (amino acid)
Start Codon
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, methionine.
Ribosome
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
The tRNA is coming down to match another amino acid to its base pair.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Threonine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, threonine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Peptide bond
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acid allowing it to connect with the other amino acid forming a peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Glycine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, glycine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Glutamine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, glutamine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Proline(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, proline.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Aspartic Acid(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, aspartic acid.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Serine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, serine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
RibosomeThe one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Valine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, valine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Leucine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, leucine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Serine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, serine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Ribosome
Glutamine(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, glutamine.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Stop Codon
Stop(amino acid)
The tRNA brought down the amino acid, stop, after reading the stop codon.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
The one tRNA anticodon released its amino acids allowing them to connect with the other amino acid forming another peptide bond.
Stop Codon
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Stop Codon
This is the last amino acid on the polypeptide chain. Therefore the chain doesn't move anywhere when the final tRNA anticodon releases the amino acids.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain(completed protein)
The polypeptide chain or protein folds and is released.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
Nucleotide
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
mRNA
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
KeyAdenineCytosineGuanineUracil
Polypeptide chain
M-RNA is recycled once translation is finished, allowing the nucleotides to be used in other cellular functions.
End of Transcription and Translation
Transcription Steps
1. First, the RNA polymerase copies the DNA into complementary mRNA strands in the nucleus.
2. Once the mRNA is complete it leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores.
Translation Steps
1. First the mRNA binds with a ribosome.2. Then the tRNA anticodon brings a specific
amino acid to each mRNA codon.3. The amino acids use peptide bonds to bind
together to form a polypeptide chain or protein.4. Finally, the polypeptide chain or protein folds
on itself and the nucleotides are recycled to be used in other cell functions.
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