monotheistic religions christianity, islam, judaism

Monotheistic Religions

Christianity, Islam, Judaism

Jesus of Nazareth

• A Jewish teacher, Jesus of Nazareth, preached a message of love and forgiveness.

– Jesus attracted many followers and enemies– His enemies, the Roman leaders, had him

executed

Foundations of Christianity

• Christians (followers of Jesus) believe that Jesus was the son of God– Reason- according to the Christians Jesus rose from the

dead 3 days after he was executed.

• Two of Jesus’ followers, Peter and Paul, established the Christian Church in Rome– Christianity became Rome’s official religion in A.D.

392

• Christianity is based out of the book called the Bible

Christian Leaders

Jesus of Nazareth

Peter

Paul

Major Branches of Christianity

• Roman Catholic• Protestant• Eastern Orthodox• Pentecostal• Presbyterian• Anglican• Baptist• Methodist• Lutheran• Jehovah's Witness• Latter Day Saints (Mormon)• Adventist• Mennonite

Fast Facts about Christianity

• Worship: God

• Teacher: Jesus Christ

• Holy Cities: Jerusalem and Bethlehem

• Book: The Bible

• House of Worship: Churches

• Holy Days: Christmas and Easter

• Date: about 33 CE• Followers: Christians• # of Followers: 2 billion• Rank: 1st

• Location: Europe, N. America, S. America, Africa• Text: Bible• Clergy: Priests, ministers, pastors, bishops• House of Worship: Church, chapel• Day of Worship: Sunday

To Write in Your Religion Chart

The Spread of Christianity

Islam

• 600 AD the prophet Muhammad founded the religion of Islam

• Followers called Muslims

• Located: Southwest Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe

Islamic Beliefs

• Muslim’s believe:– Muhammad was the last of a series of holy

prophets that included Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.

– Muslim’s believe that Allah is the only God and that Muhammad was his messenger.

• The Quran is the collection of Allah’s word written by Muhammad.

Islam Fast Facts

• Worship: Allah

• Teacher: Muhammad

• Holy City: Mecca

• Book: Quran

• House of Worship: Mosque

• Holy Days: Ramadan

Map of Islam

To Write in Your Religion Chart

• Date: 622 CE• Followers: Muslims• # of Followers: 1.3 billion• Rank: 2nd

• Location: Middle East, Southeast Asia• Text: Quran• Clergy: Imams• House: Mosque• Day of Worship: Friday

Date Founded

• Unknown

• But is known as the oldest religion of the Western World

Followers Called

Jews

Number of Followers

• 14 Million

• 12th largest religion in the world

Location

• Israel

• Europe

• The United States

Sacred Text

• Jewish Bible

• Made up of only the Old testament

• Sometimes known as the Torah

Clergy

rabbis

House of Worship

Synagogue

Main day:

Saturday

Holidays

• Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish New Year)• Yom Kippur (a Day of Atonement or

confession • Chanukah (a celebration of a military

victory)• Passover (a remembrance of the time the

Hebrews lived in Egypt)