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Molecular Compounds
Writing Names and Formulas
Molecular Compounds
Molecular compounds are made of molecules.
They are made by joining nonmetal atoms together into molecules.
Naming is Easier
A molecular compound’s name tells you the number of atoms through the use of prefixes.
Prefixes
1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta-
6 hexa- 7 hepta- 8 octa- 9 nona- 10 deca-
Prefixes The name will consist of two words.
Prefix name prefix name -ide
One exception is we don’t write mono- if there is only one of the first element.
Prefixes
The following double vowels cannot be used when writing names:(oa)(oo)
Example
NO2
There is one nitrogen
mononitrogen
But, you cannot use mono- on the first element, so drop the prefix.
mononitrogen nitrogen
Example
NO2
There are two oxygens
dioxygen
Example
NO2
dioxygen
You need the suffix -ide
dioxygenide
Example
NO2
nitrogen dioxide
Example
N2O
There are two nitrogens
dinitrogen
There is one oxygen
monooxygen
Example
N2O
monooxygen
You cannot run (oo) together, so
monoxygen
Example
N2O
monoxygen
You need the suffix -ide
monoxygenide
Example
N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
Problem
Name the following molecular compounds.
Cl2O7
CBr4
dichlorine heptoxide
carbon tetrabromide
Problem
Name the following molecular compounds.
CO2
BCl3
carbon dioxide
boron trichloride
Naming Molecular Compounds
You will not need to criss-cross oxidation numbers.
Molecular compounds name tells you the number of atoms through the use of prefixes.
Example
diphosphorus pentoxide
The name implies there are 2 phosphorous atoms and 5 oxygens.
P2O5
Example
sulfur hexaflouride
The name implies there is 1 sulfur atom and 6 fluorines.
SF6
Problem
Write the formulas for the following molecules. tetraiodide nonoxide
nitrogen trioxide
I4O9
NO3
Problem
Write the formulas for the following molecules. carbon tetrahydride
phosphorus trifluoride
CH4
PF3
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