mmmmm delicious food!
Post on 07-May-2015
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MMMMM DELICIOUS FOOD!
Food
Dietary habits
Pyramid
FOOD is any substance, usually comprised primarily of carbohydrates, fats, water and/or proteins that can be eaten or drunk by animals (including humans) for nutrition and/or pleasure.
Foods are substances from animal and
plant sources that yield heat and energy when ingested and absorbed by the body.
Food nutrients build and renew tissues and regulate the body processes.
The unit commonly used for describing energy
intake and energy expenditure is the calorie.
Good food sources contain substantial amounts of nutrients in relation to caloric
content
PROTEINS
o Proteins are the “building blocks” of the body and provide important required nutritive
elements. o Proteins are needed for growth,
maintenance, and replacement of body cells, and they form
hormones and enzymes used to regulate body processes.
o Extra protein is either used to supply energy or is changed into body fat.
o Found in both the animal and plant kingdoms.o all proteins are composed of amino acids.
Proteins play an important role in recovering from fractures, burns, and infections.
They are also important in healing wounds and recovering from surgical procedures.
Dietary sources of protein and the nine essential amino acids are milk, yogurt,
eggs, meats, fish, cheese, poultry, peanut butter, legumes, and nuts.
Protein from plant sources is best when combined with animal protein, such as milk
plus peanut butter, or when legumes are combined with grains, such as Navy beans
plus rice
FATS
The chief functions of fats are to supply energy and transport fat-soluble vitamins.
Each gram of fat yields 9 calories. Fats provide the most concentrated source of calories (and, therefore, energy) of all
the food nutrients.
Fats are found in both the animal and vegetable kingdoms.
Fatty acids and glycerol are the end products of the digestion of fats.
Fat is stored as adipose (fatty) tissue to form a reserve supply in time of need.
Dietary fats delay gastric emptying and promote a feeling of fullness.
Excess calories from fats may produce obesity, the forerunner of arteriosclerosis,
hypertension, gallbladder disease, and diabetes.
A diet high in fat, especially saturated fat and cholesterol, contributes to elevated
blood cholesterol levels in many people. Butter, margarine, cream cheese, fatty meats, whole milk, olives, avocados, egg yolks, nuts, commercial bakery
products, and vegetable oils are all sources of dietary fat
CARBOHYDRATES Carbohydrates (sugar and starches)
are the most efficient sources of energy
and are known as the “fuel of life.” They are abundantly found in most
plant food sources.
Complex carbohydrates (starches) are in breads, cereals, pasta, rice, dry beans
and peas, and other vegetables, such as potatoes and corn.
Simple carbohydrates are found in sugars, honey, syrup, jam, and many desserts
Carbohydrates must be reduced to glucose before the body can use
them. Carbohydrates are stored in the muscles to
fuel their movement.
The main functions of carbohydrates are : to furnish the main source of energy
for muscular work and nutritive processes help maintain body temperature
form reserve fuel assist in oxidation of fats.
spare protein for growth and repair
MINERALS These essential inorganic elements contribute overwhelmingly to the skeletal framework of the body and teeth, and
they are an essential part of many organic compounds.
Minerals form an integral part of basic cell structure and circulate in body
fluids.
They also exercise specific physiologic influences on the function of body
tissues. Among the major minerals are calcium,
phosphorus, iron, potassium, zinc, and magnesium.
VITAMINS Vitamins are essential compounds that are
present in food in minute quantities. They act as catalysts in many body chemical reactions and are necessary for normal metabolic functions, growth, and
the health of the human body.
Vitamins are so widely distributed in food that a properly prepared normal diet
usually provides an adequate amount.
Vitamins can be destroyed during the preparation or preservation of certain
foods.
vitamins functions Where is it?
Vitamin A formation and maintenance of healthy skin, hair, and mucous membranes. It is necessary for proper bone growth tooth development, and reproduction.
Yellow ,orange, and dark green vegetables; fruits, liver, eggs, cheese, butter, and milk.
Vitamin D Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption and is required for the formation of healthy bones and teeth.
Milk, egg yolk, liver, tuna, and cod liver oil.Vitamin D is produced in the body on exposure to sunlight
Vitamin E Protects vitamin A and essential fatty acids from oxidation in the body cells
Oils, cereals and bread, nuts, wheat germ, and green leafy vegetables
Vitamin K Promote normal clotting of the blood and helps maintain normal liver functions
Green leafy vegetables, liver, soybean, and other vegetable products
Vitamin C Normal growth and cell activity . It helps the body resist respiratory infections. Wounds and burns require vitamin C for healing
Citrus fruits, raw leafy vegetables, and tomatoes
Thiamin B1Normal growth, carbohydrate metabolism functioning of the heart, nerves, and muscles
Pork, fish, eggs, and whole-grain cereals
Riboflavin (B2) Normal growth, vigor, healthy skin and mucosa normal eye function
in milk products, green leafy
vegetables, and eggs. organ meats, heart, kidney, and liver.
Niacin (B3) skin health, normal functioning of the stomach and intestines, nervous and circulatory systems.
meat, liver, poultry, and peanuts
Pyridoxine (B6) for fat, carbohydrate, and protein
metabolismliver, yeast, wheat germ, pork, potatoes, and milk
Cyanocobalamin (B12)
health of nervous tissue maturation process of red blood cells
liver and kidneys, milk, eggs, fish, and cheese
WATER Water is often called the
“forgotten nutrient.” Water is needed to replace body fluids lost primarily in urine and sweat.
A person can survive weeks without food but only days without water.
Water makes up 70 percent of body weight and is found in every cell in the body.
It is the medium through which nutrients are transported from the digestive tract to the cells where they are needed. Water is also the medium through which the byproducts of cell metabolism are removed.
Water also serves as the medium in which the chemical processes of life take place.
oIt is normally taken into the body in beverages, soups, and in the form of solid foods.
DIETARY HABITS Dietary habits are the habitual decisions an
individual or culture makes when choosing what foods to eat. Although humans are omnivores, each culture holds some food preferences and some food taboos. Dietary choices can also define cultures and play a role in religion.
Many individuals choose to limit what foods eat for reasons of health, morality, or other factors. For instance vegetarians choose to forget food from animal sources to varying degrees. Others choose a healthier diet, avoiding sugars or animal fats and increasing consumption of dietary fiber and antioxidants.
People in each country, city or town eat the food they have according the landforms and the climate.
Can you name the food you have in the place you live because the plants people grow or the animals people raise or breed?
THE FOOD WE EAT PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN OUR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING. THE HEALTHY DIET PYRAMID IS DESIGNED TO SHOW US WHAT FOODS MAKE UP A HEALTHY DIET. BY FOLLOWING THE HEALTHY DIET PYRAMID AND PARTICIPATING IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WE BEGIN TO LIVE A HEALTHY AND ACTIVE LIFESTYLE.
THERE ARE DIFFERENT PYRAMIDS, TRINGLES OR CIRCLES. .TO REPRESENT THE FOOD CLASSIFICATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE.. HERE THERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES
COULD YOU MAKE YOUR OWN HEALTHY DIET SHAPE, ACCORDING TO YOUR COUNTRY´S FOOD?
Pyramid for Kids reminds you to be physically active every day, or most days, and to make healthy food choices.
Bread, Cereal, Rice & Pasta Group: This area of the Pyramid is the largest. Foods
in this group contain iron, thiamin and niacin and some foods in this group contain B vitamins. The foods in this group give you the best fuel or energy for your body.
Vegetable Group: Just like fruits, vegetables are full of vitamins
A & C and minerals your body needs for healthy skin, hair and eyes. Some vegetables also contain B vitamins and vitamin K.
FRUIT GROUP:JUST LIKE VEGETABLES, FRUITS ARE FULL OF VITAMINS A & C AND MINERALS YOUR BODY NEEDS FOR HEALTHY SKIN, HAIR AND EYES.
OILS, FATS & SWEETS:THE FOODS IN THIS AREA OF THE PYRAMID CONTAIN LITTLE OR NO NUTRIENTS FOR YOUR BODY. THIS IS WHY IT IS THE SMALLEST PART ON THE PYRAMID, TO REMIND YOU THAT YOU SHOULD TRY NOT TO EAT TOO MANY FOODS FROM THIS GROUP.
MILK, YOGURT & CHEESE GROUP:DAIRY PRODUCTS CONTAIN CALCIUM, PROTEIN AND RIBOFLAVIN FOR YOUR BODY. THIS HELP TO GIVE YOU STRONG BONES AND TEETH. ALWAYS TRY TO CHOOSE DAIRY PRODUCTS THAT ARE LOW IN FAT WHEN IT IS POSSIBLE.
Meat, Poultry & Fish:Items in this food group contain plenty of B vitamins, protein, iron and thiamin to help your body grow strong. Dry beans and nuts are included in this group because of all the protein they contain. Always try to choose meat, poultry and fish products that are low in fat when it is possible..
This meal includes a piece of toast with butter, an egg, 2 slices of bacon and a glass of orange juice. There are 4 different food groups included in this meal:
butter = 1 from fat group
eggs and bacon = 2 servings meat group
orange juice = 1 serving fruit group
toast = 1 serving bread group
A lot of the time you will find that the meals you eat are made up of parts from more than one food group. Let's take a look at some examples:
This meal includes a sandwich with bread, turkey, cheese, lettuce and tomatoes, a banana and a glass of milk. There are 5 different food groups included in this meal:
2 slices of bread = 2 servings bread group
turkey = 1 serving meat group
cheese and milk = 2 servings milk and cheese group
lettuce and 2 tomatoes = 2 servings vegetable group
banana = 1 serving fruit group
COULD YOU WRITE A TYPICAL DISH FOR LUNCH AND EXPLAIN THE COMPONENTS?
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