maurizio lenzerini tiziana catarci · 2016: alphago beats go champion lee sedol thanks to machine...

About Women, Men, and Robots

Maurizio LenzeriniDipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica Automatica e Gestionale

Tiziana Catarci

Dipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica, Automatica e Gestionale «A.Ruberti»

catarci@dis.uniroma1.it

1997: IBM’s Deep Blue beats Kasparov

Note: courtesy of Moshe Vardi from his Sapienza talk, December 19, 2016 https://www.dis.uniroma1.it/~dottoratoii/news/vardi-seminar-december2016.php

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2011: IBM Watson defeats two Jeopardy! Champions

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2016: AlphaGo beats Go champion Lee Sedol

Thanks to machine learning techniques AlphaGo may develop«intuitions» for Go playing.

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Human Reasoning• Machine learning vs cognitive computing• Creativity• “Scientists are no closer to creating conscious

machines now than they were a decade ago” (Oxford

University’s head of computer science, Professor Michael Wooldridge)

Note: picture courtesy of Sonia Bergamaschi from her Ferrari talk, October 4, 2017

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Internet of Things & Industry 4.0

Note: courtesy of Sonia Bergamaschi from her Ferrari talk, October 4, 2017

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The Automation of Driving

Automation of the whole supply chain is expected: cargo ships, ports, trucking, warehouses, delivery, …

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Future of Work

• McKinsey: 45% of current jobs could be replaced using technology that already exists;

• Gartner: one in three jobs will be converted to software, robots and smart machines by 2025;

• But (digital) technology will create new jobs

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Routine vs. Nonroutine, Intellectual vs. Manual

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Jobs and Education

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Gender Differences

Ambrosetti Report data

Inapp (Istituto Nazionale analisi Politiche Pubbliche) data:Women with a master degree in STEM have44% more employmentopportunities wrt high school graduate womenMen 28%

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But…

In Italy - MIUR data 2016: 36,5% womengraduate in STEM78,5% in humanitiesSapienza femalestudents in Computer Eng.: 13,8% 16,3% femalestudents in tech high schools

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Grow-up Young Female Scientists• Between five and six years girls start having the

prejudice that males are more intelligent than female http://science.sciencemag.org/content/355/6323/389

• 15 years no more interest in STEMhttps://www.microsoft.com/empowering-

countries/en-us/gender-equality/nuvola-rosa/ • In summer we learn STEM (PdCM, Equal Opportunities

Dept.)– 1067 applications– 2.060.052,49 €– 209 awarded schools– 6000 children (60% girls)– 400 partners (universities, companies, no-profit, research

institutes)

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Conclusions

• “Gender equality is an existing and unrealized commitment” (Arzu Ozyol, UN Second Vice President)

• «Tech is too important to be left to men!» (Neelie Kroes, EC Vice President)

• “ICT is no longer for the geeky few – it is cool, and it is the future! Only 9% of app developers are women? Come on! Give coding a try, see how fun it can be!" (Neelie Kroes, EC Vice President)

• Women have a special ability to solve problems and this is the IT core

• ICT has a transformative power and could act as catalysts for women empowerment

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