mapping the human dimensions of climate change in the canadian arctic
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James D. Ford KC Bolton, J Shirley, T Pearce,
M Tremblay, M Westlake www.jamesford.ca IPY Conference, Montreal, April 23rd 2012
Mapping the human dimensions of climate change research in the Canadian Arctic
• Explosion of human dimensions of climate change (HDCC) research • 6,800 hits for CC and adaptation
• Similar trend in Canadian Arctic
Introduction
• Need to keep track of publishing trends • Research duplication • Gaps neglected
• Project aim: what we know about HDCC in eastern Canadian Arctic (Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut)
The Challenge
• How to do a lit review? • ‘Narrative’ literature reviews • IPCC, ACIA, National assessments • Comprehensive BUT transparency, replicability
• Systematic lit review methodology • Address specific question • Systematic and explicit methods • Aim for replicability and external validation • (e.g. Ford and Pearce 2010 in Env Res Letters; Ford et al 2011 in Climatic Change )
Methodology
• Search procedure • 2070 initial hits • 117 articles retained for full review
• Analysis • Quantitative coding scheme • Qualitative analysis
Methodology
Rapid growth in HDCC research
ArcticNet & Nasivvik
established
IPY begins
INAC & FNIHB CC projects
Harper elected
ACIA published
Canadian National
Assessment published
Canada ratifies Kyoto
# pub
lications
Year
• Social sciences • Vulnerability / impacts assessment • Identification of adaptation options • Resource management
• Biophysical sciences • Animal populations (polar bears, caribou)
• Health sciences • Slow to emerge • Food security and safety focus predominant
The social sciences and increasingly prominent
• Major development in recent work • Documenting change • Knowledge system evolution • Characterize vulnerability & resilience • Underpinning adaptive capacity
• BUT • Need for critical reflection on methodology to incorporate TK
TK is widely utilized in HDCC studies
Stakeholder engagement increasing
} Author analysis } 2005 first paper authored with community members
Stakeholder engagement increasing
} Author analysis } 2005 first paper authored with community members
} 42% authors geography / env. sciences } 24% ecology } 8% health sciences } 17% earth & atmospheric science } 0% law, economics
• Regional analysis • 39% NU • 9% Nunavik • 4% Nunatsiavut • 21% Arctic generally
• Research hotspots • Small, traditional settlements overrepresented
• Large number of communities with no research (see online google map)
Significant geographic disparities in publishing
Sectoral disparities pronounced
• Address geographic disparities • Need for broader spread of studies to allow for
generalization • Address sectoral bias • Business & economy (mining in particular,
tourism, fisheries) • Opportunities from CC
• Health
Research needs
• Future focus • What do future scenarios mean
• Adaptation research • Effectiveness, durability, socio-‐economic and ecological implications, long term viability and cost
• Vulnerable sub-‐groups
Research needs
• We know a lot • 2.7 articles per 1000 people
• Take stock every 5 years • Same methodology – track evolution of knowledge
• To read more: Ford J et al (in press). A literature review and gap analysis of human dimensions of climate change research in Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut. Arctic.
Conclusion
Thank-‐You
Stakeholder engagement increasing
} Author analysis
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