make the difference
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Make the difference!
Curitiba, 08 October 2014 Gard Titlestad, Secretary General
International Council For Open and Distance Education
Global Trends in Open, Distance and e-Learning
Andreas Schleicher, OECD, Wellington, 28 March 2014
Education:
Power to transform
EducationAverage years of education
The world Africa south of SaharaYears of education West-Europe
This is ourChallenge
Source: Aftenposten/OECD. How Was Life? Shows long-term progress in key areas of well-being
Not possible without open and distance eduction.
http://stemarts.com/lanl/explore-the-worldhttp://www.millennium-project.org/index.html
The BIG picture
• The growth in higher education is massive
20442030
320
4002007 - 2030
Mill. students
EU/OECD projections the need for HEby 2030: 410 mill.
This is ourChallenge
Not possible without open and distance eduction.
The future hot spots
- Asia- Africa
Credit: A. Raftery / UWWorld population stabilization unlikely this century. Science, 18 September 2014
But also Latin America and the Caribbean
Not only volume• The changes in higher education is dramatic
Opening up the road to knowledge
Opening up?
Openknowledge
Societal needs
Technology
Students needs and
expectations
OERCost
Trends, within
the framwork of globalisation and internationalisation
HE needs – 1 U a week
Demographics
Globalisation
Enabling economic growth
Access
Open Access
eInfrastructureseScience
Automation
Robots Sensors
2020 – 80% connectedInternet of things Open Research
Open Data
Open Innovation
US quadruppling
Southern Europe….
Developing economies
ICT Habitus
Flexibility
Employability
Lifelong
Disruptive Innovations
Openknowledge
Disruptions?
Illustration: Adam Simpson
In 50 years there will be only 10 institutions in the world delivering higher education and Udacity has a shot at being one of them. http://www.wired.com/2012/03/ff_aiclass/3/
President IBM
• ”LORD knows there’s a lot of bad news in the world today to get you down, but there is one big thing happening that leaves me incredibly hopeful about the future, and that is the budding revolution in global online higher education. Nothing has more potential to lift more people out of poverty — by providing them an affordable education to get a job or improve in the job they have. Nothing has more potential to unlock a billion more brains to solve the world’s biggest problems.”
Thomas Friedman, columnist and author
By Jonah Newman and Soo Oh, June 13, 2014 (Harvard and MIT data)http://chronicle.com/article/8-Things-You-Should-Know-About/146901/
8 Things You Should Know About MOOCs
• 1. The overwhelming majority of MOOC students are male• 2. MOOCs attract students who already have college degrees• 3. The median age of MOOC participants is 24• 4. One-third of MOOC participants are from North America• 5. Nearly half of registrants never engage with any of the
content• 6. Europeans view the most course content• 7. Students with a doctorate viewed more course material• 8. Serial students are the most engaged
Mind to MOOCsOverview, reflections and brainstorming in whitening water
Think tank 20 October 2013, Open Universitty of China, Beijing, China
To be reported to the ICDE Standing Conference of Presidents meeting and Policy Forum
Excerpts from ICDE Mind to MOOCs reportA few of the issues and recommendations Equity. • Consider this initiative as an opportunity to rethink our role as universities and take
up MOOCs. . • Integrate open MOOCs in our respective institutions• National, regional and transnational cooperation is a great opportunity in developing
MOOC and MOOC-alike concepts. Diversity. • Undertake contextualized strategies when implementing MOOCs • Be aware of cultural and language aspects → anglo-centric core, colonialism • OER and OCW as the basis for MOOC will ease contextual, cultural and language
adaptationInnovation and Quality. • Improve and innovate on pedagogical aspects: methodologies, content formats,
assessment. • Provide learning analytics as a tool for improving the courses. Connect the learning
process and research for new knowledge and improvements.• Promote research about MOOCs. • Keep moving towards quality. Beyond quantity of MOOCs and users, the focus on
quality is essential for sustainability.
The Open University Catalunia
Innovate from within, put faculty in the lead
2014 2011
The Innovative University: What College Presidents Think About Change in American Higher Education, Chronicle
Trends
The BIG Picture
• Open, Online and Distance Education is steadily increasing all over the world
IndiaSweden
Russia
South America
The US
AfricaAustralia
China
The BIG picture
• Online, Distance (ODL) and on Campus Learning are converging => Blended
BlendedODLCampus
• And as a result – an even more diverse higher education landscape……
From Elite to Universal Participation
Elite0-15%
Mass16-50%
Universal Over 50%
Functions of higher education
Shaping mind and character of ruling class; preparation for elite roles
Transmission of skills; preparation for broader range of technical elite roles
Adaptation of "whole population" to rapid social and technological change
Curriculum and forms of instruction
Highly structured in terms of academic conceptions of knowledge
Modular, flexible and semi-structured sequence of courses
Boundaries and sequences break down; distinctions between learning and life break down
Institutional characteristics
Homogeneous with high and common standards; small residential communities; clear and impermeable boundaries
Comprehensive with more diverse standards; "cities of intellect" – mixed residential & commuting; boundaries fuzzy and permeable.
Great diversity with no common model; aggregates of people enrolled but...many rarely on campus; boundaries weak or non-existent.
Research and knowledge transfer
Pursuit of understanding of fundamental principles focused on "pure disciplines" and arising from curiosity, with no (direct or immediate) commercial benefits.
Pursuit of understanding of principles in order to solve practical problems of the modern world, rather than to acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake.
Research is democratised, co-produced with and responsive to wider society, with an emphasis on impact and benefit.
(Hazelkorn, 2011 – Adapted from Brennan, 2004 and Trow, 1973, 1974, 2006; Gibbons et al, 1994)
http://www.kavliprize.org/events-and-features/2014-kavli-prize-science-forum
Kavli Science Forum: "Higher Education in the 21st Century - The Technological Revolution in Open Education: The Death of a Traditional System or the Next Wave of Democracy?"
The BIG picture
• Three streams work in parallel:
– Online becomes mature – and Internet/mobile: freedom from distance, mobile broadband: freedom from location
– New methodologies, content and pedagogy – new opportunities for student supportive teaching
– New knowledge about the brain and learning, new knowledge in neurosciences
The Governments move…..
BIG
Ref. Yang Zhijian, president Open University of China, ICDE world Conference, Tianjin, China October 2013
“Promote open educational resources, to help teachers and students everywhere.”
http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2014/09/24/celebrating-open-government-around-globe
The Governments move…..Small
http://www.regjeringen.no/mobil/nb/dep/kd/dok/nouer/2014/NOU-2014-51.html?id=766892
• The Norwegian MOOC Commission was appointed by Royal Decree on 21 June 2013.
• Final report, green paper, June 2014.
• Now on broad consultation• A white paper on
structures and financial regulations foreseen in 2015.
http://www.faberface.com/
The Regions move…..
”The main goal of this initiative is to stimulate ways of learning and teaching through ICT and digital content, mainly through the development and availability of OER.”http://www.openeducationeuropa.eu/en/initiative
The European Commission's Opening up Education initiative in a nutshell
OER and Open and Distance Learning can increase the impact of
investments in knowledge
OER &ODL
Open Access – open scienceResearch based OERResearch based teaching
Innovation in education – open innovationInnovate the learning system – flip the classroomKnowledge supply for innovation
High quality educationResearch based educationResource based educationOpen education
1. Foster awareness and use of OER2. Facilitate enabling environments for use of Information and
Communications Technologies (ICT)3. Reinforce the development of strategies and policies on OER4. Promote the understanding and use of open licensing frameworks5. Support capacity building for the sustainable development of
quality learning materials6. Foster strategic alliances for OER7. Encourage the development and adaptation of
OER in a variety of languages/cultural contexts8. Encourage research on OER9. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing of OER10.Encourage the open licensing of educational
materials produced with public funds
2012 Paris OER Declaration
THE STATE OF HIGHER EDUCATION:Selected key findings and rec.
• Findings• The public and individuals benefit from
higher education, HE, in financial and non financial ways.– HE generates positive returns to the public
in general, as well as to the people who obtain degrees.
• HE without a degree does not boost earnings.– Although there are some benefits to
HEparticipation, even if no degree is earned, drop-outs do not usually enjoy the same financial returns that degree holders can expect.
http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/
Better integration of education and vaulue chains needed
The BIG picture
• We are in the beginning (of the beginning) – example: mobile technology
We are in the beginning of the beginning
State of Broadband Report 2013 www.broadbandcommission.org
Image: O3b Networks
Google's Project Loon uses big networked air balloons to fill internet black holes
Google to launch 180 satellites in $1bn plan to cover the unwired
Several initiatives for covering the unwired underway
African Undersea Cables
Picture updatedMay 2014
http://manypossibilities.net/african-undersea-cables/
We are in the beginning of the
beginning
The mill that grinds on the bottom of the ocean
Hege Røyert, NTB Scanpix
Navngivelse-Ikke kommersiell-Del på samme vilkår Creative Commons lisens
NDLA
The BIG change?
Computerization Threatens One Third of Finnish Employment
37% of Danish jobs classified with high probability for being phased out
http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21594264-previous-technological-innovation-has-always-delivered-more-long-run-employment-not-less
The future of jobs; The onrushing wave
Technology and jobs; Coming to an office near youhttp://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21594298-effect-todays-technology-tomorrows-jobs-will-be-immenseand-no-country-ready
http://www.kraka.org/artikler/computere_og_udskiftning_af_jobfunktioner
http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/rifbriefs/22.htm
The Future of Employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?About 47 per cent of total US employment is at risk.http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/publications/view/1314
Vartannat jobb automatiseras inom 20 århttp://www.stratresearch.se/Documents/Folder.pdf
Openknowledge
Societal needs
Technology
Students needs and
expectations
OERCost
Trends, within
the framwork of globalisation and internationalisation
HE needs – 1 U a week
Demographics
Globalisation
Enabling economic growth
Access
Open Access
eInfrastructureseScience
Automation
Robots Sensors
2020 – 80% connectedInternet of things Open Research
Open Data
Open Innovation
US quadruppling
Southern Europe….
Developing economies
ICT Habitus
Flexibility
Employability
Lifelong
Disruptive Innovations
The way ahead
Innovate from within to enhance learning through technologies
Leadership for change –put faculty in lead
From distance learning to open education
58
From distance learning to open education: a changing landscape
Alan TaitProfessor of Distance Education and
DevelopmentThe Open University UK
Decide Holistic Policies for open, distance, online, flexible eLearning
Set a new governmental agenda
for education
MOOC in an international perspective: New global agenda for innovation
in higher education • 1) Governments contribute to a comprehensive framework that promotes
open online education in line with UNESCO 's values and helps to establish incentives for education in dialogue with key stakeholders in the field, primarily higher education institutions, where the specific goals must be set. A clear policy for OER based on the UNESCO declaration must be part of this framework.
• 2) Leadership in transition to more open and distance higher education must be supported, facilitated and expertise built.
• 3) Incentives and support for teachers retraining, upskilling and improvement of working conditions for more open and online education.
• 4) Framework and methodologies to put the learner in the centre. • 5) Cooperation across institutional boundaries and possibly borders, on content
and platforms for more open and distance education, including MOOC.• 6) Interoperability between different solutions.• 7) Common global outlook, statistics and understanding of fundamental
concepts.• 8) Specific goals and plans for research and innovation firmly rooted in the
stakeholder institutions and communities.
Regulate online education?
Under the UK's Locomotive Act 1865, anyone driving a car in town had to be led by a man who walked in front of the car, carrying a red flag -- to prevent 'fatal accidents'
A horse pulling the car? Lectures on campus driving ecucation?
“On-line and e-learning, open educational resources, MOOCs, smart-education and other e-technologies and e-resources: Legislative and regulatory support for their development and application in national
educational systems. Russian and foreign experience”
Moscow, 24 September 2014 Gard Titlestad, Secretary General
International Council For Open and Distance Education
Round table discussion, State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
Two policy forum planned, Future directions for ODL:
20 November 2014: Open EducationKey issues in policy for governments and senior management in higher education
High Level Policy Forum 17 October 2015: Open Education: Key issues and policy advices for governments and senior management in higher education
Interventions, from UNESCO, ICDE and stakeholders from organisations, public and private sector
Partnership and collaboration
To make a difference through
open education!
an old African proverb
"If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together."
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