major animal migration routes - san diego state...
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Federal
Local
Tribal
State
Private
Major Animal Migration Routes
SaltonSea
MonoLake
LakeTahoe
GooseLakeHumboldt
Bay
San FranciscoBay
San DiegoBay
Monarc
h
Land Ownership
Waterfowl
Major Migration Routes
Monarch Butterflies
Sea Birds
Whales
Monarch WinteringGrounds
Monarch Areas of Concentration with (> 4,000 individuals)Public Access
National Wildlife Refuge
Clear Lake
Ventura
GoletaTecolote Canyon
Pismo State Beach
Sweet Springs
Monarchs that breed west of the continental divide, migrate to the California coast to winter over.
Blue-winged Teal(Anas discors)
15.5 Inches
Snowy Plover(Chardrius alexandrinus)
6.25 Inches
Gray Whale(Eschrichtius robustus)
Up to 46 Feet Long
Though the Gray whale is the most common whale species seen off the coast of California, Humpback whales and Sperm whales are also known to migrate along this coast.
These hawks migrate from the plains of North America to the pampas of Argentina.
Swainson's Hawk(Buteo swainsoni)
19 Inches
The second most common duck in western North America, the Blue-winged Teal, migrates farther south than any other waterfowl species often reaching Venezuela and Peru.
Monarch Butterfly(Danaus plexippus)
Bodega Dunes
Bolinas
Muir Beach
LighthouseNatural Bridges State BeachState Beach
University of California San Diego
Tony Lema Golf Course
ArdenwoodRegional Preserve
Monarch Grove Sanctuary
Andrew MoleraState Park
Swainson's Hawk W
ater fowl
48 California Geographic Alliance ©2010
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California Geographic Alliance ©2010 49
SourcesgeneralReferencesUsedthroughout:Atlas of California, 1979; American Heritage
Pictorial Atlas of US History, 1966; California
Water Atlas, 1979; California Patterns, 1983
Pages4-5Tom Patterson, Natural Earth II;
Environmental Systems Research Institute
Page6Oregon Geographic Alliance; Pacific
Coast Trail Association; USGS Lake Tahoe Data
Clearinghouse; USGS EarthExplorer
Page7Oregon Geographic Alliance;
Environmental Systems Research Institute
Page8 Oregon Geographic Alliance
Page9 Oregon Geographic Alliance
Page10 Oregon Geographic Alliance; Atlas of
California, 1979; US Census Bureau, 2000;
Environmental Systems Research Institute
Page11 California Geological Survey, California
Department of Conservation; UC Berkeley
Seismological Laboratory, Northern California
Earthquake Catalog; USGS Earthquake Hazards
Program-Northern California
Page12California Spatial Information Library;
USGS Digital Elevation Model
Page13 National Land Cover Database, 2001
Page14 Commission for Environmental
Cooperation (CEC), 2010
Page15 Atlas of California, 1979
Pages16-17,19 PRISM - a cooperative product
between Spatial Climate Analysis Service and the
Oregon Climate Service, Oregon State University,
Corvallis. This product contains data from The
Climate Source and is used herein by permission,
Copyright (c) 2010. The Climate Source. All
Rights Reserved.
Page18 National Climatic Data Center,
US Department of Commerce; USGS Digital
Elevation Model
Page20 Native Tribes of North America, Univ.
Calif. Publ. Am. Arch. and Ethn., Vol. 38, University
of California, 1939; Atlas of California, 1979;
California Patterns, 1983; California Indian
Libraries Collection, UC Berkeley
Page21 Native American Lands Today,
Geography Division, Cartographic Operations
Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, 2000
Page22-23 General references (above) and
Timeline Results for Spanish Missions, Google
Page24General: Exploration and Settlement
1820-1835, Perry-Castaneda Library Map
Collection, University of Texas Libraries; The
Search for a Southern Overland Route to
California, Harlan Hague, California Historical
Quarterly, Summer, 1976.
Anza: The Web de Anza Project, Center for
Advanced Technology in Education, College
of Education, University of Oregon.
Ogden: Peter Skene Ogden’s Snake Country Journals
Portola: Gaspar de Portola, San Diego
Biographies, San Diego Historical Society
Smith: Jedediah S. Smith, Utah History
Encyclopedia
Young: End of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center
Fremont: Captain John Charles Fremont and the
Bear Flag Revolt, The California State Military
Museum, California State Military Department
California Trail: California National Historic
Trail, National Park Service, US Department
of the Interior
Hudson Bay Company: Our History, Hudson
Bay Company
Page25The Atlas of California, 1979; California
Spatial Information Library; Calisphere
Collections for Educators, University of California
Page26Map of the Gold Regions of California,
Showing the Routes via Chagres and Panama,
Cape Horn, & c., 1849 (David Rumsey Map
Collection); Atlas of California, 1979; Tom
Patterson, Natural Earth II
Page27Atlas of California, 1979
California Spatial Information Library
USGS Digital Elevation Model
Page28California: An Interpretive History, 2002;
California Spatial Information Library
Page29AWIPS California Counties
Page30California Spatial Information Library
Page31California Spatial Information Library;
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Page32Handbook of North American Indians,
Vol 8, 1978; J.T. Davis, 1974 (1961); Atlas of
California, 1979
Page33California Spatial Information Library
Page34The California Water Atlas, 1979
Page35California Department of Water Resources
Page36California Spatial Information Library;
The Atlas of California, 1979; The California Water
Atlas, 1979
Page37California Department of Water
Resources, and the California Water Atlas, 1979
Page38Farmlands Mapping and Monitoring;
Program, California Department of Conservation;
California Department of Forestry and
Fire Protection; California Department of
Water Resources
Page39California Department of Food
and Agriculture
Page40“Analysis of California Agricultural
Issues.” University of California Agricultural
Issues Center, 2009.
Page41International Trade Administration,
US Department of Commerce; California
Technology, Trade, and Commerce Agency
Page42Homeland Security; Public Policy
Institute of California; Statistical Yearbook of
the Immigration and Naturalization Service;
State of California, Department of Finance;
State of California, Department of Finance, Legal
Immigration to California, 1984-1994: A Summary,
January 1997.
Page43US Census Bureau, 2000
Page44US Census Bureau, 2000
Page45US Census Bureau, 2000
Page46-47US Census Bureau, 2000;
Environmental Systems Research Institute
Page48US Fish and Wildlife Service;
California Spatial Information Library.
Page50California Community Colleges
Chancellor’s Office; The California State
University Map of Campus Locations;
University of California It starts here
Page52California as an Island: circa 1650,
Johannes Vingboons
Companion Website for California: A Changing Statewww.humboldt.edu/cga
Downloadable Maps Downloadable Images
Interactive Maps Lesson Plans
Expanded Glossary Deconstructed Text
theCaliforniageographicAlliance promotes standards-based geographic education
among teachers, students, and the public. We help educators prepare students to
embrace a diverse world, succeed in a global economy, and steward the planet’s resources.
Animal Migration (map on left page)California’s diverse natural environments provide habitat
for more plant and animal species than any other state.
This remarkable biodiversity includes species of 5,418 plants,
415 birds, 195 mammals, 86 reptiles, 57 amphibians, and
62 freshwater fish. Their continued survival depends on a
complicated patchwork of private and government owned
land. While parks and reserves protect many species, humans
use much of California for housing, crops, and grazing. This
affects the habitats required for native plants and animals.
migratory species spend part of each year in California, then
fly, walk, or swim elsewhere for the rest of the year. California’s
mid-latitude location on the globe places it squarely on the
path of waterfowl and whale migrations between Arctic
summer feeding grounds and more southerly winter locations.
Birds and butterflies also travel between the Pacific Coast and
interior North America. The map does not show the seasonal
movement of species within California, such as deer migrations
up and down mountain slopes in search of better food, and the
California Gull that winters on the coast, and then flies across
the Sierra Nevada to summer at Mono Lake.
The
sour
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and
cred
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ttp://
hum
bold
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/cga
/atla
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s-cr
edits
. Not
e th
at th
is m
ap is
an
11x1
4 pa
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for 8
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