maize inbreed lines resistance to fusarium ear rot branimir Šimić - the agricultural institute...
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MAIZE INBREED LINES RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM EAR
ROT
Branimir Šimić - The Agricultural Institute Osijek,31 000 Osijek, CROATIA
Jasenka Ćosić - Vlatka Rozman - Anita Liška University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek,
Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, CROATIA
Introduction
• Vital importance of maize as agricultural crop and market competitiveness among hybrids seed breeders set up high standards in new genotypes creation
• New maize hybrids - high genetic potential for fertility and resistance to the major disease agents and pests
• Fusarium ear rot is one of the most important diseases in all the major
maize breeding areas in the world
• Maize ear infection results in lower maize yield, and poorer quality and accumulation of mycotoxins in grain - risk for human and animal health
• Most frequent isolated Fusarium species on maize grain: Fusarium verticillioidesF. subglutinans andF. graminearum
• Ways of spreading maize ear infection:
silkear stalkdamage made by insects
• Infection, development and intensity of disease are influenced by environmental factors, genotype sensitivity and resistance, and pathogenesis of Fusarium spp. and their mutual interaction
• Stress in the period of vegetation affects plant’s vigour - disorders in physiological processes and increase sensitivity to the agents of the disease
Objective of the study:• determine differences in sensitivity and
resistance of inbreed maize lines grown on two different soil types to Fusarium ear rot
Materials and Methods
• Six inbreed maize lines of FAO 400 and one line of FAO 300 (OS 138-9)• Two locations and two soil types (Kutjevo; pseudogley and Nova
Gradiška; amphigley)• 3-year trial (2001-2003)• Four repetitions following split-plot method
(major plot measured 300m2 ; (15x20m)• Standard fertilization was made:
Urea 200 kg NPK (7:20:30) 200 kg m-2 (ploughed in) KAN 150 kg m-2 in nutrition while cultivating
• 120 plants of each genotype were examined measuring intensity of infection in percentage of maize ear infection
• Results were processed by Statistica for Windows v. 6.0• Significant differences among the treatments were determined by
ANOVA and LSD test
Results and Discussion
Table 1 Percentage of maize ears infected with Fusarium spp. regarding locations and years (%)
Line 2001 2002 2003
Pseudoglay Amphyglay Pseudoglay Amphyglay Pseudoglay Amphyglay
OS 36-16 60.9 38.1 74.4 49.5 58.0 43.9
OS 2-48 56.3 48.3 68.7 56.2 64.6 47.1
OS 84-44 61.9 44.5 66.1 53.3 60.3 49.2
OS 138-9 64.6 51.4 69.0 58.3 59.4 50.5
OS 84-49 60.3 43.1 66.2 34.3 51.2 49.4
OS 89-9 30.9 24.6 36.7 39.3 34.7 33.2
OS 86-39 38.2 21.1 34.4 23.1 21.9 19.6
• Differences in infection intensity with Fusarium spp. could be explained by the differences in plant nutrition (phosphorus)
• Insufficient nutrition with phosphorus affects physiological process → development of pathogenic organisms
Increasing of the maize grain yield by:• increasing effect of photosynthesis
• advancing metabolism of carbohydrates and water transport
• improving reproduction and grain forming phosphorus
xx
Line _x
Year _x
Location _x
OS 36-16 54.16 2001 45.96 Pseudoglay 54.19
OS 2-48 56.87 2002 52.11 Amphigley 41.81
OS 84-44 55.76 2003 45.94
OS 138-9 58.87
OS 84-49 50.78
OS 89-9 33.23
OS 86-39 26.38LSD 0,05 1.39 0.74 0.74
LSD 0,01 1.88 0.97 0.98
• Statistically significant differences were also determined in inbreed lines sensitive to Fusarium ear rot
• The most tolerant inbreed lines: OS 89-9 and OS 86-39, regardless of the year or location examined
Table 2. Average occurrence (%) of Fusarium ear rot depending on inbreed line, year and location examined
ConclusionConclusion
• Percentage of the infected maize ears on both locations during 3-year trials was on average 48.3 %
• The lowest infection was observed on inbreed line OS 89-9 (33.2%) and inbreed line OS 86-39 (26.4%)
• The highest infection was observed on inbreed line OS 138-9 (58.9%)
• The source of high inbreed lines tolerance appeared to be crucial for further maize hybrid selection
The most tolerant inbreed line:The most tolerant inbreed line: (OS 86-39) FAO 400(OS 86-39) FAO 400
Corresponding author:e-mail address: branimir.simic@poljinos.hr (Branimir Šimić)
University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek,
CROATIA
The Agricultural Institute Osijek31 000 Osijek, CROATIA
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