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LNG uptake: setting the scene
Panayiotis Mitrou Technology & Innovation Manager Marine & Offshore, South Europe, Lloyd’s Register
Carob Mill Restaurants 29 September 2017, Limassol
LNG: the meeting point for marine, transport & energy in Cyprus
The EU Mediterranean Case – LNG as Fuel
3
Projects 100
Partners
125 million
Euro 3 Projects 100 partners
125 million euro
LNG uptake: setting the scene
Safety Environment Market Cyprus Future
Safety
LNG Supply Chain best practice for safety
Very strong record already Sound safety procedures in
place Risk based approach on top of
any prescriptive requirements
1000 LNG bunkering operations since 2012
flammable between 5-14% volume
in air
ARBD
Environment Reduction potential of LNG per pollutant in comparison with HFO
SOx PM NOx CO₂
HFO
LNG
~100%
Up to
50%
Up to
25%
~100%
Environment
Methane Slip
References:
•IMO: Studies On The Feasibility And Use Of LNG As A Fuel For Shipping
•U.S. MARAD; Methane Emissions from Natural Gas Bunkering Operations in the Marine Sector: A Total Fuel Cycle Approach
•Danish EPA, 2010
• No problem for Diesel Engines
• Improving Otto under progress
Mitigation measures
• Enhanced engine design
• Integration of methane related controls
• Methane targeted Oxidation Catalysts
0
10
g/k
Who
ut
Engine type
Typical engine emissions factors
Methane slip(CH4)
Oxides ofnitrogen (NOx)
Reality – LNG fuelled ships
Market
8
Reality –Ports investing in LNG
Market
• Significant part of the LNG supply
chain is already there,
• Small scale infrastructure under
development in accordance with
societal needs
• Abundance is a key advantage
• As the market matures and more
resources are drawn by the
system, LNG shows its teeth
• Cruise companies leading
adoption of LNG as fuel
Market
Cyprus case 13 LNG Terminals ,
8 in operation
1 FSRU (Israel)
5 Under development
Regions with no access to Gas grid
(Western Greece, Southern Turkey, Cyprus)
Favourable LNG Bunkering Fundamentals
(Liner and Ropax Routes)
4 proved fields amounting 70 tcf of Gas,
Egyptian Export terminals
(Envisaged LNG price @ 5 USD/mmBTU in 2020)
Island states (Malta, Cyprus, Greece)
Societal Support, Stringent policies
Future Air Emissions
Local pollution
Decarbonisation
LNG Market Shale Gas
East Med case
Between traditional fossil fuels & carbon
neutral solutions,
LNG could be the bridge to
decarbonisation efficiency
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