living in the eu: asylum and migration...12% 8% 0 5 3 2 1 7 6 4 eu28 average: 4.4% lv ee at lu de mt...

Asylum applicants in the EU (per million inhabitants, 2018)

More than 1 977

889 - 1 977

196 - 888

96 - 195Less than 96

EU average: 1 248 applicants per million inhabitants

Applicants per million inhabitants

8 985321 97788919696

Asylum applicants in the EU (in 1 000 applicants, 2018)

In 1 000 applicants

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

DE 203 477 745 223 184

FR 64 76 84 99 120

EL 9 13 51 59 67

ES 6 15 16 37 54

IT 65 84 123 129 54

UK 33 40 40 35 38

NL 24 45 21 18 24

BE 23 45 18 18 23

SE 81 162 29 26 22

AT 28 88 42 25 13

Other 91 278 92 44 41

0

500

1 000

1 500

2008 20182010 2012 2014 2016

225

639

1 323

In 1 000 applicants

Top 20 countries of origin (in 1 000 applicants, 2018)

First instance decisions on asylum(2018)

SyriaAfghanistan

IraqPakistan

NigeriaIran

TurkeyVenezuela

AlbaniaGeorgia

EritreaRussia

BangladeshGuinea

SomaliaColombia

AlgeriaUkraine

Côte d'IvoireSudan

8446

4529

2525

232222

19151515

1413

10101099

(-73)(-21)(-2)(-7)(-3)

(-16)(7)(7)(8)

(-4)(8)

(-10)(-2)(-6)(-4)(-1)(6)(0)(0)

(-5)(-1)

Variation 2017 - 2018

In 1 000 applicants

The value in parentheses represents the change with respect to 2017; a positive value shows an increase, a negative value represents a decrease (e.g. there was a decrease of 73 000 applicants from Syria in 2018 compared to the year 2017).

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

IE LU PT FI SK BE DK LT CY EL RO AT

MT SI DE

HU

EU28 N

LBG U

K SE IT HR FR EE ES LV PL CZ

86%

72%

60%

54%

53%

51%

50%

50%

49%

47%

46%

44

%4

3%4

3%4

2%38

%37

%35

%35

%35

%34

%32

%31

%28

%27

%24

%24

%14

%11

%

14%

28%

40

%4

6%4

7%4

9%50

%50

%51

%53

%54

%56

%57

%57

%58

%62

%63

%65

%65

%65

%66

%68

%69

%72

%73

%76

%76

%86

%89

%

Positive decision Negative decision

Posi

tive

deci

sion N

egat

ive

deci

sion

Migration from third countries plays an important role in shaping demography in Member States. In addition to the free movement-based internal population flows, Europe has received large numbers of immigrants from outside Europe for many decades. In this context, recent asylum flows to the European Union might contribute to the mitigation of important demographic challenges, depending on the official recognition of asylum-seekers as refugees, their integration into host societies and their own professional qualifications and experience.

Living in the EU: Asylum and Migration

EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service EUI | European University Institute

Authors: Giulio Sabbati, Members’ Research Service, EPRSCaterina Francesca Guidi, GlobalStat, EUI

PE 637.938 - May 2019

AT A GLANCEInfographic

0%

10%

6%

4%

2%

14%

12%

8%

0

5

3

2

1

7

6

4

EU28 average: 4.4%

LV EE AT LU DE

MT IT ES EL SE SI DK FR BE CY UK IE CZ PT FI NL

BG HU HR LT PL SK RO

Non-EU population:22.3 million persons

Share of total population (Left axis)In million persons (Right axis)

Non-

EU p

opul

a�on

(in

1 00

0 pe

rson

s)

34.8%

40% 60% 80% 100%

34.0% 31.2%

20%0%

IEBGPLUKSKEELUMTCYSEHUDKLTFRCZLVEU28PTBENLFIESATDEHRSIITEL

14471

2092 426

15178432935

54483

28520

3 145296266

22 293285462451148

2 631687

5 46235

1023 582

605

Note: No data available for Romania.

Primary(ISCED 0-2)

Secondary(ISCED 3-4)

Tertiary(ISCED 5-8)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

MT

CZ LT RO PL EE PT SI LV CY UK IE HU DK IT AT

EU28 ES DE

NL

LU EL SE FR FI BE

% of total non-EU population 15 - 64 years

% of active non-EU population 15 - 64 years

57.3

%14

.9%

Employment

Unemployment

Note: no data availabe for Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovakia (both indicators). No data available for Malta, Lithuania, Romania and Poland (for unemployment).

85+

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

<5

0% 12%9%6%3%0%12% 9% 6% 3%

FemaleMale

EU national

Non-EU

EU national

Non-EU

Percentages of the non-EU, EU national populations, respectively

NotesGlobalStat is a project developed by the European University Institute’s Global Governance Programme (Italy) and the Francisco Manuel dos Santos Foundation (Portugal). Data sources for page 1: All data are from Eurostat (migr_asyappctza, migr_asydcfsta). Data sources for page 2: All data are are from Eurostat (migr-pop1ctz, lfsq_ergan, lfsq_urgan and edat_lfs_9912). Extraction date: data were extracted in March/April 2019.

This ‘At a glance’ note is part of a series ‘Living in the EU’. The other issues in the series cover Climate Change and Energy, European Elections and Democracy, Demography, Education and Health, and the Economy.

Non-EU population in the Member States (Percentage share and in million persons, 2018)

Labour force - non-EU population (% of non-EU population 15-64 years, 4th quarter 2018)

Age distribution by citizenship - EU and non-EU(Percentage of population, 2018)

Non-EU population 25-54 years by education level (2018)

This document is prepared for, and addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament as background material to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the European Parliament is given prior notice and sent a copy. © European Union & GlobalStat, 2019.

eprs@ep.europa.eu (mail) http://www.eprs.ep.parl.union.eu (intranet) http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank (internet) http://epthinktank.eu (blog) globalstat@eui.eu (mail) http://www.globalstat.eu (internet)

Living in the EU: Asylum and MigrationEPRS and GlobalStat