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LiDAR Teach-In
OSRAM Licht AG | June 20, 2018 | Munich
Light is OSRAM
www.osram.com
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 2
Agenda
• Introduction
• Autonomous driving
• LIDAR technology deep-dive
• LiDAR@OS: Emitter technologies
• Outlook
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 3
OSRAM has extensive autonomous driving expertise
Rear light
Interior lighting
Ambient lighting
Adaptive cruise control system (LIDAR)Gesture recognition
Pre crash sensing (LIDAR)
Rain sensor
LED/Laser head-
up display
Daytime running light
3-D environment
detection (LIDAR)
Side view and lane detection
Ambient light sensor
Driver monitoring
Headlamp
(e.g. laser, matrix)
LED – Non visibleLED – Visible
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 4
OS is a long-time partner for lasers in the automotive industry
905 nm pulse Laser,
75 W, 20 ns
OS with pioneer role and a proven track record
• LiDAR Laser supplier to automotive
industry for over 10 years
• over 10 million LiDAR lasers in the field
(~ 200 billion km ) without chip failures
• zero field failures for 7 million bare dies
• more than 20 LiDAR design-ins and -wins
with OS lasers
Technology USP
• Highest Efficiency (30%)
• Best thermal resistance
• First automotive grade pulse laser on the
market
More than 10 car OEMs
use laser based AEB1
systems with
OSRAM´s 905nm laser
already today
Short-range-LiDAR – Cam System
First use of LiDAR since early 2000s
1) AEB: Auto emergency breaking
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 5
Agenda
• Introduction
• Autonomous driving
• LIDAR technology deep-dive
• LiDAR@OS: Emitter technologies
• Outlook
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 6
L0
Driver Only
There are 6 levels of autonomous driving, between no automation (L0) up
to full control by system (L5)
L1 L4 L5L2 L3
Humans always monitor driving functions Humans do not always monitor driving functions
Driving Assistance High Automation System OnlyPartial Automation Conditioned Automation
Role of
driver
Role of
systemNone
Driver always
with full control
Some
automation by
electronics
Driver always
in charge of
monitoring
Driving assis-
tance in specific
and limited
situations
Driver needs
to be ready to
regain control
Perform driving
functions and
recognize limits
Driver only
needs to act in
specific driving
conditions
Full control in
defined driving
conditions
No driver
needed
Full control
Eyes + hands on Eyes on + hands
temporary off
Eyes + hands
temporary off
Eyes + hands off Eyes + hands +
mind off
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 7
All of today‘s potential sensor solutions for ADAS have specific strengths
and weaknesses; hence all are needed to guarantee full functionality
LIDARCamera Radar
Surround
view
Surround
view
Environment
Mapping
Environment
Mapping
Environment
Mapping
Environment
Mapping
Environment
Mapping
Surround
view
Traffic Sign
recognition
Lane departure
warning
Emergengy braking
Pedestrian detection
Collision avoidance
Environment mapping
Value propositions of different technologies (selection)
Camera Color vision and ability to recognise signs
Radar Speed detection and ability to function in unfavorable
weather conditions / darkness
LiDAR 3D capability and ability to function in unfavorable weather
conditions / darkness
• The vehicles ability to ‚see‘ (= sense its environment)
strongly depends on the environmental conditions, such as
day time or weather
• Full functionality at any environmental condition therefore
requires different and redundant sensors
• In addition, redundancy is being generated using intelligent
algorithms (sensor fusion)
Cross traffic
alert
Blind spot
detection
Rear
collision
warning
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 8
Only the combination of Camera, Radar and LiDAR will provide the
capabilities required for autonomous driving.
Camera Radar LiDAR
Combination of all
three systems
Range
Resolution / Accuracy
3D capability
Immunity to weather (rain / fog / snow)
Works in dark
Works in very bright light
Interference effects
Price
Detection of speed of objects
Inherent technical capabilities
Environmental conditions
Other
Size
Read signs and see colors
Status today
Status today
• Only the combination of all three systems will provide all technical capabilities needed for autonomous driving
• In addition, redundancies are desired to increase accuracy and mitigate risk through potential technical failures
Detector systems
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 9
LiDAR will be required for autonomous driving; 6 or more LiDAR modules
for L4/L5
• Co-existence of LIDAR, RADAR and camera sensors in Autonomous Driving (L3 upwards)
• LIDAR crucial for long-range detection in AD, no different substitute technology available, specifically for object identification
• Six or more LiDAR modules expected for L4/L5
LiDAR will play a key role in
autonomous driving
(especially L3 upwards)
≥ 82≥ 1
none1 ≥ 6≤ 1
≥ 3 ≥ 6 ≥ 10
Number of modules needed by automation level
Camera
Radar
LiDAR
Level of automation
L2 L3 L4/5
1) Optional for collision warning, AEB
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 10
MaaS - Mobility as a Service path
(e.g. waymo)
Two different approaches to autonomous driving: Mobility providers
starting with L5 short term, traditional OEMs evolve from L1 to L5
L3
L5 • Two completely different approaches to
autonomous driving with different dynamics
driven by two distinct groups of players –
mobility-as-a-Service providers (MaaS) and
traditional car manufacturers
• MaaS providers pushing for early
introduction of fully autonomous
vehicles today in significant numbers
• Traditional car manufacturers
moving to L3; introduction of fully
autonomous cars expected for 2024+
• However, in the long run there will likely be a
convergence of the two approaches
ILLUSTRATIVE
• Robo cars
Convergence
L1-2
ADAS1 Level
2018 2020 2022 2024 20262000
10
1) Advanced driver assistance systems
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 11
The LiDAR (emitter) market will see two waves of growth
2015 2022202120202019201820172016 2023 2024 2025
LiDAR emitter market – total number of laser channels
ILLUSTRATIVE MaaS1:
• Short- and medium-term volume driver with
early introduction of L5 cars
• Consumer-like business with steep ramps,
driven by Tec companies
• AM qualification less important
• Long-range and short-range scanning LiDAR;
large field of view, high resolution
Traditional L3-L5:
• Long-term volume driver: Evolution of
traditional car mass production from L3 to L5
• Mainly traditional OEMs, quality and AM
qualification very important
• Long-range scanning or Solid State LiDAR,
short range FLASH
Traditional – AEB2
• Existing LiDAR business since early 2000s
• Collision mitigation system
• Traditional OEMs
• Short range FLASH LiDAR
1) MaaS: Mobility as a Service 2) AEB: Auto emergency breaking
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 12
Agenda
• Introduction
• Autonomous driving
• LIDAR technology deep-dive
• LiDAR@OS: Emitter technologies
• Outlook
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 13
LiDAR uses reflected light to measure distance to objects; it can be used
for short-range up to a distance of ~300m
Detection principle:
A very short laser pulse travels from
the LiDAR sensor to an object and
back. The sensor measures the
travelling time of the laser pulse and
determines the distance and relative
velocity of the object.
100 m distance 0,6 ms
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) – a Time of Flight measurement
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 14
Multiple module system to dominate – combination of short / mid range
and long range LIDARs
optional for
collision
warning, AEB
2-4 SRL for
360° sensing
Depending on L-level, different LiDAR systems are used
# SRL1 # LRL2
0-2 0-1
1 LRL
to the front
rear LRL for fast on
coming vehicles
1-22-4 SRL for
360° sensing
optional
2) Long range LIDAR1) Short range LIDAR
L1, L2
L3
L5
L4
Lidars can be used for different distances and use cases
20m
100m
Short range
(<20m)
Medium range
(20 to 100m)
Long range
(>100m)
• Stop & Go
• Automatic Emergency
Breaking (AEB)
• Pre-crash sensing
• Lane departure warning
• Blind spot detection
• Adaptive cruise control (ACC)
• Long Range LiDAR (LRL) for
autonomous vehicles (L4/L5)
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 15
Laser
A LiDAR system consists of different building blocks
Process captured
signal and
feedback time
stamps to emitter
ASIC1
Capture the
reflected photons
Photo Detector L
e
n
s
DETECTOR
L
e
n
sIlluminate the scene
in front
EMITTER
Data visualization
or interpretation,
analysis, filter,
localization and
control signals
PROCESSING &
CONTROL
LiDAR system overview
• The emitter is triggered by the
ASIC (application specific
integrated circuit) and sends out
invisible light
• The light is reflected from objects in
the field of view and the signal
captured by the detector
• The signal is then processed by the
ASIC1 and forwarded to the
processing unit
• Here, analysis of the signal takes
place, potentially taking signals
from other sensors (e.g. radar or
camera) into account
Key steps for signal acquisition
1) Application specific integrated circuit
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 16
A LiDAR system consists of different building blocks
Process captured
signal and
feedback time
stamps to emitter
ASIC1
Capture the
reflected photons
Photo Detector L
e
n
s
DETECTOR
Laser L
e
n
sIlluminate the scene
in front
EMITTERPROCESSING &
CONTROL
LiDAR system overview
• The emitter is triggered by the
ASIC (application specific
integrated circuit) and sends out
invisible light
• The light is reflected from objects in
the field of view and the signal
captured by the detector
• The signal is then processed by the
ASIC1 and forwarded to the
processing unit
• Here, analysis of the signal takes
place, potentially taking signals
from other sensors (e.g. radar or
camera) into account
Key steps for signal acquisition
Focus today
Data visualization
or interpretation,
analysis, filter,
localization and
control signals
1) Application specific integrated circuit
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 17
There are two basic LiDAR technical implementations – flash and
scanning LiDAR
Scanning
LiDARFlash
LiDAR
• The whole FOV is illuminated at once using a
wide-angle beam
• No moving parts in the LiDAR module
• Scanning, narrow emitter beam which is being moved
across the FOV over time
• Mechanical solution or micro-mirrors used for beam steering
EMITTER EMITTER
• High to very high
power needed to
illuminate the whole
scene with one
laser beam
• In the future, laser
bars (edge emitting
laser) with high
power for longer
distances or
potential use of
VCSEL for SRL
• Highly directional
beam with high
power needed
• Good thermal
performance for
high repetition rate
• Today and in
future edge
emitting lasers
operating at
905nm expected
to dominate
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 18
Agenda
• Introduction
• Autonomous driving
• LIDAR technology deep-dive
• LiDAR@OS: Emitter technologies
• Outlook
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 19
Edge emitting lasers at 905nm are the best overall fit for LiDAR
requirements in terms of cost position, efficiency and output
Laser technology VCSEL
Comparison of basic laser technology and wavelength
Fit to LiDAR requirements
• Light emitted from surface
of laser die
Component cost
Temp. stability1)
Conclusion
Output power
Efficiency
Potential use for
short range LiDAR
Eye safety
Technology too
expensiveBest overall fit
to requirements
• In most cases, edge
emitting laser @905nm
expected to be the
winning technology
• 1550nm with better eye
safety, but otherwise
lagging behind and too
expensive for customer
requirements
• VCSEL potentially
useful for short range
LiDAR, but yet to be
automotive qualified
Edge emitting laser
• Light emitted from a small area in the side of the laser die
<1000nm2)
Emitting area
>1000nmtypically <1000nm
1) With regard to power 2) typically 905nm
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 20
Osram: we offer solutions for all relevant LiDAR technologies based on
905 nm Lasers
FLASHSmart Laser
4 channel SMT Highest Power: Laser Bars
1 channel SMT
1 or 4 channel SMT Integrated versions
Customized laser bars
OSRAM is in
discussion with
all relevant
players from the
LiDAR
ecosystem and
we further
develop our
portfolio based
on their needs
bare laser dies
Today 2018/19
OS product roadmap for different LiDAR technologies
• First AM grade pulse
laser on market
• Best performance in the
market
• Very short pulses
(1ns demonstrated)
• Increased
output power
• More laser channels
• AM qualified
packages
• Customization
• Integrated solutions
• Multichannel
versions / laser bars
Beyond
Evolution of 905nm edge emitting laser
SELECTIVE
MEMS /
Solid
state
Mecha-
nical
ScanningChip- and package variations
based on OS Platform
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 21
Agenda
• Introduction
• Autonomous driving
• LIDAR technology deep-dive
• LiDAR@OS: Emitter technologies
• Outlook
OSRAM Licht AG
LiDAR Tech Teach-In | June 20, 2018 22
• Strong position in
emitter lasers
• Evaluating portfolio
fit of detectors
• Signal processing
OSRAM is well positioned to participate in the LiDAR market
Next to our strong position in emitter lasers for LiDAR systems, we are evaluating to extend our portfolio in the area of detector
components and smart modules, concentrating on the essentials of data fusion:
• working closely together with LeddarTech in order to assess the industrialization of LiDAR modules for the automotive mass market.
Specific focus is on affordable long-range LiDAR modules
• acquired a strategic stake in the LiDAR start-up company Blickfeld. Its particular strengths lie in beam steering technology, which
permits a full scanning of the surrounding environment
• smaller, purely financial investment in the start-up company Tetravue, which uses a unique approach for high-resolution depth images
• Optics and beam
control
• High resolution
depth images
• Additional
application fields
beyond automotive
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