legislative advocacy session amy ost and tolu onigbanjo a dr. o presentation bed bugs
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Legislative Advocacy Session
Amy Ost and Tolu Onigbanjo
A “Dr. O” Presentation
Bed Bugs
Outline
Background
Scope of the Problem
Legislation in Motion New York City’s Action Plan Resources for Residents
Background
Background
Beg Bugs (Cimex lectularius)
Wingless, obligate ectoparasites
Feeds on bats, birds, mammals
After blood meal, increase in length by 30%-50% and in weight 150%-200%
Seeks warmth, which helps locate warm-blooded hosts
Hides during the day, and feeds at night
Life Cycle
Where to Hide?
Mattresses
Crevices in box springs
Backsides of Headboards
Clothing
Loose wallpaper
Behind hanging pictures
Migrating from one apartment to another through holes in walls, water pipes or gutters
Clinical Manifestations
Common Reactions 2 to 5 mm pruritic
maculopapular, erythematous lesions at feeding sites.
Complex Reactions: Local urticaria, or bullous rash
Resolves within a week
Treatment of Bite Reactions Antipruritic Agents Intermediate potency
Corticosteriods--Triamcinolone
Topical Mupirocin
Beg Bugs as Vectors of Human Disease
Transmission of more than 40 human diseases has been attributed to bed bugs, but there is little evidence of such transmission
HIV Detected in bed bugs up to 8 days after ingestion No viral replication No virus in bed bugs feces
HBV Hepatitis B surface antigen persist for up to 7 weeks No viral replication Seen in beg bugs feces for up to 6 weeks No effects of a 2-year eradication project in Gambia on the
rates of HBV infection despite 100% reduction of bed bug numbers
Beg Bugs as Vectors of Distress
Significant health effects including onset of Stress Anxiety Depression Fatigue
Unable to receive home healthcare services if concerned about an infestation
How to Get Rid of Bed Bugs!
Don’t throw away mattresses—vacuum and seal.
Wash all clothing, linens, and bedding in hot water
Vacuum the house to remove bugs and eggs from carpet, and walls
Repair cracks in plaster, and glue down loosened wallpaper
Apply insecticides to cracks but not in your sleeping area. Repeat in 2 weeks
Enlist the services of a professional pest control firm
\\\
Scope of the Problem
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Scope of the Problem
Scope of the Problem
Bed bug complaints and violations have risen dramatically Homes Apartments Hotel rooms Hospitals Dormitories Retail Stores
Resurgence of Beg Bugs International travel Immigration Change in pest control practices Insecticide Resistance
Scope of the Problem
Bed Bugs are historically a problem… Early 1900s prior to central heating they used to die
in the winter Success against the bed bug battle came with DDT and
subsequent pesticides Related to changes in cockroach management
New bedbugs were likely introduced from overseas Resistance pattern in insecticides is now commonly
being seen with cities
Scope of the Problem
Bed bug infestations in NYC are reported to be increasing: Complaints rose from 537 in 2004 to 10,985 in 2009 Violations rose from 82 in 2004 to 4,084 in 2009 426 confirmed cases of bed bugs reported 243 different
New York City public schools in 2009 (twice as many as preceding year)
311 received 33,772 bed bug-related inquiries (increase of 54% from previous year)
Scope of the Problem
Related to several factors: Lack of public awareness and knowledge Density of Multi-unit living spaces Inadequate access (and difficult to afford) to quality
pest control services and resources for bed bug treatment
Limitation of the materials and methods Lack of efficient procedures to resolve
landlord/tenant disputes in an equitable way
New York City’s Action Plan
New York City’s Action Plan 2009
New York City adopts Local Law 14 Created a “Bed Bug Advisory Board” Convened to issue a report to the Mayor and City
Council
First convened in September 2009 and spent 7 months gathering information
Recommendations for the Management of Bed Bugs in New York City
April 2010, Published a Three-Part Report I: Education, Awareness and Early Detection II: Treatment and Remediation III: Monitoring and Policy
Part I: Education, Awareness and Early Detection
Take a proactive approach to public education and awareness
Provide bed bug training to stakeholders
Launch and maintain an online “Bed Bug Portal” devoted to bed bug facts and resources
Part I: Education, Awareness and Early Detection
http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/vector/vector-faq1.shtml
Part I: Education, Awareness and Early Detection
http://www.nyc.gov/html/hpd/html/courses/courses.shtml.
Part I: Education, Awareness and Early Detection
Take a proactive approach to public education and awareness
Provide bed bug training to stakeholders
Launch and maintain an online “Bed Bug Portal” devoted to bed bug facts and resources
Part II: Treatment and Remediation
Establish protocols for proper disposal of infested items
Develop suggested minimum pest management practices
Create guidelines for the donation of used and second-hand items
Develop triage approach for immediate response
Offer guidelines for self-remediation
Part III: Monitoring and Policy Assemble a Bed Bug Team, headed by a qualified
entomologist (or equivalent professional) and support staff, to coordinate city-wide bed bugs efforts in conjunction with a Bed Bug Working Group
Develop integrated monitoring, tracking and reporting tools
Improve Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD) bed bug infestation inspection protocols and code enforcement capacity
Increase the capability of New York City Housing (NYCHA) to take a proactive stance in preventing and addressing bed bug infestations
Part III: Monitoring and Policy
Evaluate current housing court procedures as they relate to both landlords and tenants and look for methods to compel compliance and access to ensure effective bed bug management
Utilize Article 151 of New York City Health Code to help overcome obstacles associated with bed bug management in buildings with widespread infestation
Require landlords to provide written bed bug information to tenants upon lease signing and renewal
Disseminate consumer warnings about bed bug risks from used furniture and mattresses
Encourage small business and social enterprise start-ups to provide bed bug preparation services to low and moderate-income households
New York City’s Action Plan: 2010
New York City’s Action Plan: 2010
Deputy Mayor Gibbs and Speaker Quinn announce funding of $500,000 for Web-Based Bed Bug Portal and other initiatives
Implemented by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
New York City’s Action Plan: 2010
Goals of the City:
To identify the scope of the New York City Bed Bug Epidemic
To effectively disseminate information about proper identification and handling
To assist in the coordination of an effective response to bed bugs
To deter the adverse health and well-being effects that develop among those with bed bug infestation
Who’s on the Committee?
Entomologist
Advocates
Representatives from numerous city agencies
Who else is helping out?
New York City’s Action Plan: 2010
Branches of New York City Government must work together.
Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH)
Housing Prevention and Development (HPD)
New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA)
Environmental Health Tracking Network/Portal
New York City’s Action Plan: 2010
Fall/Winter 2010
Department of State Division of Licensing Services issued new bedding regulations
Bed Bug Disclosure Act
Action Plan Across the Country: 2010
Bed Bug Summit in Washington DC (February 2011)
Environmental Protection Agency
Center for Disease Control
Federal Bed Bug Groups
The Bedbug Registry
There’s an app for that!
Reference
Goddard, J. and DeShazo, R. Bed Bugs (Cimex lectularius) and Clinical Consequences of their Bites. JAMA 2009; 301 (13): 1358-1366
Potter, M. et al. Bugs without Boards-Executive Summary: Defining the Global Bed Bug Resurgence
Recommendations for the Management of Bed Bugs in New York City. New York City Bed Bug Advisory Board. Report to the Mayor and City Council. April 2010.
Stop Bed Bugs in Hotels Safely. The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/vector/bed-bug-hotel-eng.pdf
Preventing and Getting Rid of Bed Bugs Safely. http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/vector/bed-bug-guide.pdf
Brody, Jane. Keeping Those Bed Bugs from Biting. 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/14/health/14brod.html
THE END: DON’T LET THE BED BUGS BITE
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