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International Business and

Economic DevelopmentLecture 9 - Revision

Thursday 7 March 2013

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IBED Module: Aims and Learning Objectives

•  Aims• To provide students with knowledge and skills needed to

conduct business and policy analysis of the roles of international trade, foreign direct investment, cross-border collaborative arrangements and internationalinstitutions in the process of economic growth anddevelopment.

• Learning objectives• should be able to demonstrate the application of the

business and policy analysis through practical examplesand statistical data comparisons of economicdevelopment experiences in the presence of international business.

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Module Structure

• Lecture 1: International business and economicdevelopment

• Lecture 2: International organisations and economicdevelopment

• Lecture 3: International business and technologytransfer and spillover

• Lecture 4: International business between developedand emerging economies

• Lecture 5: Comparative study of BRICs - Brazil• Lecture 6: Comparative study of BRICs - Russia• Lecture 7: Comparative study of BRICs - India• Lecture 8: Comparative study of BRICs - China

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Some Important Issues

• Lecture 1: International business andeconomic development

 – Relationships between MNEs, developmentand government policy

• Lecture 2: International organisations and

economic development – the Washington Consensus

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Some Important Issues

• Lecture 3: International business andtechnology transfer and spillover

 – Technology or productivity spillovers from FDIand trade

• Lecture 4: International business between

developed and emerging economies

 – New MNEs from emerging economies

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Some Important Issues

• Lecture 5: Comparative study of BRICs  –  Brazil

 – Increasing returns to scale and catch-up hypotheses.

• Lecture 6: Comparative study of BRICs  –  Russia

 – the Dutch disease

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Some Important Issues

• Lecture 7: Comparative study of BRICs  –  India

 – India’s unique development pattern 

• Lecture 8: Comparative study of BRICs  –  

China – Sustainability of the investment- and export-ledgrowth model and new strategy for futuredevelopment.

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2011-12 Exam

• Question 1: 

• Bhagwati (2007) and Narula and Dunning (2010) sharesimilar views about the impact of multinational

enterprises on development and the role of host-countrypolicy. Discuss.

• Question 2: 

• Compare the mechanisms for horizontal and verticalproductivity spillovers from foreign direct investment. Are productivity spillovers more likely to occur in verticallinkages than in horizontal linkages in developingcountries? Explain your answer.

• .

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2009-10 Exam

• Question 3: 

•  Although encountered with difficulties, new multinationalenterprises from some emerging economies have made

great inroads into the global economy. Discuss.

• Question 4:

• Russia’s state-managed, network capitalism can becompetitive. Discuss.

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2012-13 Exam

• Same format:

• Choose two out of four questions;

• Two hours.

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Coursework Essay

• Title:

• Discuss the impact of international trade

on economic growth or development in anemerging economy.

 – 2500 words (25 % of the module assessment) – due on Thursday the 14th March 2013

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Coursework Essay

• In terms of evaluation, the following factors willbe considered:

 – Use of literature and critical understanding

 – Structure of presentation and organisation

 – Analysis and arguments

 – Originality and scholarly contribution – Contribution to organisational practice

 – Referencing and writing skills

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Dissertation – a research report

• Indicative structure of a research report – Source: Collis and Hussey (2009) Business Research, Palgrave

• 1. Introduction (10%) – The research problem or issue and the purpose of the study – Background to the study and why it is important or of interest – Structure of the remainder of the report

• 2. Review of the literature (30%) – Evaluation of the existing body of knowledge on the topic – Theoretical framework (if applicable) – Where your research fits in and the research question(s) and

propositions or hypotheses (if applicable)

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Dissertation - a research report

• 3. Methodology (20%) – Identification of paradigm

 – Justification for choice of methodology and methods

 – Limitations of the research design

• 4. Findings/results (more than one

chapter if appropriate) (30%) – Presentation and discussion of the analysis of yourresearch data statistical tests and their results

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Dissertation - a research report

• 5. Conclusions (10%) – Summary of what you found out in relation to each research

question you investigated –  Your contribution to knowledge

 – Limitations of your research and suggestions for future research – Implications of your findings (for practice, policy and so on)

• References –  A detailed, alphabetical list of all the sources cited in the text

•  Appendices – Detailed data referred to in the text, but not shown elsewhere

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Research strategy: Case Study

• Example 1• Ivarsson and Alvstam (2004)

• International technology transfer through localbusiness linkages: the case of Volvo Trucks andtheir domestic suppliers in India.

 – Oxford Development Studies ; 32(2), 241-260.

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Research strategy: Questionnaire

• Example 1

• Simonin (2004)

• Knowledge transfer in international strategic alliances

• Examining international technology transfers using firm-level data across 43 developing countries.

• Example 2

•  Almeida and Fernandes (2008)• Openness and Technological Innovations in Developing

Countries: Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys. – Journal of Development Studies ; 44(5), 701-727.

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Research strategy: Secondary data

• Example 1

• Li and Liu (2005)

• FDI and economic growth; Investigating whetherFDI affects economic growth based on a panel of data for 84 countries over the period 1970 –99.

• Example 2

• Rose, A.K. (2004) Do We Really Know that the WTOIncreases Trade? –  American Economic Review ; 9(1), 98-114.

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Research strategy: Using

existing literature• Example 1

• Bhagwati-WE-2007

• Using existing literature to develop cleararguments - BAD DOMESTIC POLICIES AS ACAUSE OF HARMFUL EFFECTS

• Example 2

• Prime et al. (2012)

• The Porterian framework of the competitiveness of nations is used to compare China and India;

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Research strategy: Using

existing literature• Example 3

•  Arbix, G. and Laplane, M. (2003) Foreign Investment inLatin America, Competition & Change 7(2-3), 113 –125.

 – FDI did not generate foreign exchange and why itcontributed to trade deficits.

• Example 4

• Guillén and García-Canal (2009)• Identify and discuss two types of MNEs

 – American model

 – Emerging economy MNEs